Global Health Action最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors for poor mental health among young migrants in Sweden: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sara Causevic, Anna Mia Ekström, Nicola Orsini, Anna Kagesten, Susanne Strömdahl, Mariano Salazar","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2294592","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2294592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Young migrants face multiple challenges that can affect their mental, sexual and reproductive health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the prevalence of self-reported poor mental health and its associated demographic, post-migration and sexual risk behaviour factors among young migrants (aged 15-25) in Sweden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were drawn from a cross-sectional survey conducted with migrants aged 15-65 years old in Sweden between December 2018 and November 2019 (<i>n</i> = 6449). Among these, 990 participants aged 15-25 were eligible for the study. Mental health was measured using the Refugee Health Screener-13. Missing data indicator analysis and multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to estimate the association between mental health, sexual risk behaviour, demographic and migration-related variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 990 participants, 59% reported poor mental health. Participants reporting poor mental health were more likely to be female (AOR:1.63, 95% CI:1.18-2.25), to have lived in Sweden more than three years (AOR:2.16, 95% CI:1.17-3.97), to engage in any sexual risk behaviour (AOR:1.99, 95% CI:1.25-3.17), and to live alone (AOR:1.95, 95% CI:1.25-3.03) or with friends they already knew (AOR:1.60, 95% CI:1.37-4.91). People arriving from the Americas (AOR:0.54, 95% CI:0.33-0.88), Asia (AOR:0.44, 95% CI:0.22-0.86), Europe (AOR:0.30, 95% CI:0.14-0.61) and Africa (AOR 0.37, 95% CI: 0.23-0.60) had lower odds of poor mental health than those arriving from Syria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of poor mental health among young migrants in Sweden was high, with specific subgroups (women, asylum seekers, people arriving from Syria, and those residing longer in Sweden) being particularly vulnerable. Our results indicate the interconnectedness between poor mental health and sexual risk behaviour in this population. Thus, policies targeting young migrants should ensure that healthcare services screen for both poor sexual and mental health at the same time.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10773640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139099003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolution, facilitators, barriers, and additional activities of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance platform in polio eradication programme Bangladesh: a mixed-method study.","authors":"Humayra Binte Anwar, Yameen Mazumder, Sanjana Nujhat, Bushra Zarin Islam, Anna Kalbarczyk, Olakunle Alonge, Malabika Sarker","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2370096","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2370096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) helped develop the standard acute flaccid paralysis surveillance (AFP) system worldwide, including, knowledge, expertise, technical assistance, and trained personnel. AFP surveillance can complement any disease surveillance system.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study outlines AFP surveillance evolution in Bangladesh, its success and challenging factors, and its potential to facilitate other health goals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This mixed-method study includes a grey literature review, survey, and key informant interviews (KIIs). We collected grey literature from online websites and paper documentation from GPEI stakeholders. Online and in-person surveys were conducted in six divisions of Bangladesh, including Dhaka, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Chittagong, Sylhet, and Khulna, to map tacit knowledge ideas, approaches, and experiences. We also conducted KIIs, and Data were then combined on focused emerging themes, including the history, challenges, and successes of AFP surveillance programme.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the grey literature review, survey, and KII, AFP surveillance successfully contributed to decreasing polio in Bangladesh. The major facilitating factors were multi-sectoral collaboration, Surveillance Immunization Medical Officer (SIMO) network activities, social environment, community-based surveillance, and promising political commitment. On the other hand, high population growth, hard-to-reach areas, people residing in risky zones, and polio transition planning were significant challenges. Bangladesh is also utilizing these polio surveillance assets for other vaccine-preventable diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As the world is so close to eradicating polio, the knowledge, and other assets of the AFP surveillance, could be used for other health programmes. In addition, its strengths can be leveraged for combating new and emerging diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and pilot evaluation of a brief intervention to reduce transphobia and improve attitudes of government officials to address legal gender affirmation needs of transgender people in Peru.","authors":"Sari L Reisner, Amaya Perez-Brumer, Ximena Salazar, Alfonso Silva-Santisteban","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2381881","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2381881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Legal gender affirmation - legal name and gender marker change - is an important health-promoting health determinant for transgender people. In Peru, the state's failure to universally recognize transgender people's legal identity limits standardized legal affirmation procedures, including the paucity of government officials trained in gender affirmation strategies. This project, in partnership with Registro Nacional de Identificación y Estado Civil (RENIEC) and transgender communities, designed and piloted a group-based intervention to sensitize government officers to the importance of gender-concordant identity documents. Between August 2017 and February 2018, three in-person group intervention sessions were held (each 3-4 hours) with 51 government officers. Guided by Gender Affirmation and Structural Violence Frameworks, the intervention utilized Adult Learning Theory and applied storytelling and testimonials as pedagogy. Pre-/post-test surveys were administered (19 true/false items, summed to create an index score measuring knowledge and attitudes toward transgender people). Within-person changes in pre-/post-intervention scores were evaluated using paired t-tests. Pre-/post-test data were available for 41 participants. After the intervention, there were improvements in knowledge and more favorable attitudes toward transgender people (pre-test mean = 14.09, SD = 2.33 vs. post-test mean = 15.62, SD = 1.82; difference = 1.53, 95% CL = 0.60, 2.67; t-test = 3.30 [df = 46]; <i>p</i> = 0.002). The intervention was feasible to conduct and garnered high acceptability. The results suggest the promise of this brief intervention for future research and testing before potential later implementation and scale-up to increase the capacity of government officers to address legal gender affirmation for transgender people in Peru.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11265303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of COVID-19 responses in South Korea and the United States.","authors":"Oliver Choi, Sunjoo Kim","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2370611","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2370611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic devastated many countries worldwide by causing large numbers of fatalities. In our research, we wanted to answer the question: Why was there such a large difference in the mortality rate between South Korea and the United States? This is because many East Asian countries, such as Korea, had a lower mortality rate than many countries, including developed ones, across the world - the mortality rate of South Korea was about five times lower than the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study comprehensively compares strategies used to address the COVID-19 pandemic in two different countries: South Korea and the United States. The various aspects of these two countries' responses are examined, including initial response, information dissemination and public compliance, mitigation strategies, and vaccine rollout and their impacts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early and widespread testing, rigorous contact tracing, the clear release of government information, and an organized vaccine rollout powered a proactive approach in South Korea. The United States had a contrasting response consisting of delayed and more decentralized measures, where testing lagged due to varying policies and the political controversies facing vaccine distribution.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We signify the gravity of rapid response and testing, clear communication, and efficient vaccine distribution, as we believe this could correlate with a lower mortality rate. In addition, we discuss future directions, including the need for a specific health infrastructure and protocol against highly infectious outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11328807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease nexus: investigating the role of urbanization and lifestyle in Cabo Verde.","authors":"Aaron Kobina Christian, Akosua Afriyie Osei-Appaw, Ruth Tobi Sawyerr, Martin Wiredu Agyekum","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2414524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2414524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although hypertension and diabetes are known to increase cardiovascular disease risk, the influencing and underlying factors remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the mediating effect of location of residence and the moderating effects of recommended lifestyle practices in the hypertension/diabetes and cardiovascular disease nexus.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data were drawn from 4,563 participants in Steps 1 and 2 of the 2020 World Health Organization's STEPS survey in Cabo Verde, with a subsample of 2,436 individuals completing Step 3. A logit regression model was employed to examine the correlations of cardiovascular disease, while structural equation modeling and interaction analysis were used to identify mediators and moderators within the explored relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Living with hypertension and diabetes were both observed to increase the likelihood of having a cardiovascular disease [Coeff. (RSE), 0.46, (0.12), <i>p</i> < 0.001; 1.26, (0.14), <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively]. We identify urbanicity as a potential mediator through which hypertension/diabetes leads to a cardiovascular disease and waist circumference as a moderator of hypertension/diabetes-cardiovascular nexus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings add to the toolset of public health practitioners and policymakers in formulating policies and interventions aimed at managing cardiovascular diseases, particularly in developing nations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived causes of cancer in a rural community of Ethiopia: a qualitative study","authors":"Abigiya Wondimagegnehu, Muluken Gizaw, Lidya Genene Abebe, Brhanu Teka, Andreas M. Kaufmann, Tamrat Abebe, Shannon A. McMahon, Adamu Addissie, Eva J. Kantelhardt","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2401862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2401862","url":null,"abstract":"Although cancer incidence and mortality are rising in Ethiopia, lay and health professional perceptions of the disease remain limited.To explore perceptions of cancer, including its causes, signs a...","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can verbal autopsies be used on a national scale? Key findings and lessons from South Africa's national cause-of-death validation study","authors":"Monique Maqungo, Nadine Nannan, Beatrice Nojilana, Erin Nichols, Diane Morof, Mireille Cheyip, Chalapati Rao, Carl Lombard, Jessica Price, Kathleen Kahn, Lorna J. Martin, Francois Bezuidenhout, Ria Laubscher, Chodziwadziwa Kabudula, Tracy Glass, Oluwatoyin Awotiwon, Nesbert Zinyakatira, Noluntu Funani, Jané Joubert, Debbie Bradshaw, Pamela Groenewald","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2399413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2399413","url":null,"abstract":"Verbal autopsy (VA), though imperfect, serves as a vital tool to determine cause-of-death, particularly for out-of-facility deaths, but challenges persist in integrating VA into Civil Registration ...","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142222411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthy lifestyle factors and male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a cross-sectional study in Mwanza, Tanzania.","authors":"Anna E Jacob,Gerry Mshana,Neema Mosha,Ramadhan Hashim,Simon Sichalwe,Donati Malibwa,Saidi Kapiga,Philip Ayieko,Heidi Stöckl","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2397842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2397842","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDIn Tanzania, nearly half of ever-married women have experienced some form of intimate partner violence (IPV), yet little knowledge of IPV from the male perspective exists.OBJECTIVETo explore the role of essential healthy lifestyle factors, diet, sleep, and exercise, and their potential role in IPV perpetration.METHODSA cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,002 young men (ages 18-24), 754 of which were in an intimate relationship in the previous year. The study took place in Mwanza, Tanzania and used multivariable logistic regression models to explore associations between male perpetration of IPV and diet, sleep, and exercise.RESULTSSix types of IPV perpetration were investigated separately and the prevalence of controlling behaviours (79.4%), economic abuse (30.6%), emotional abuse (47.3%), physical violence (16.4%), sexual violence (23.3%), and combined physical and/or sexual violence (32.1%) were obtained. Regular exercise demonstrated a protective effect for economic abuse perpetration; the chance of mildly active individuals perpetrating economic abuse was 38% less than their inactive counterparts (p = 0.003). Associations with sleep were varied and did not show a clear directional relationship. Diet, defined as poor food variety, was positively associated with every IPV type except physical violence and was significant in sexual violence perpetration (aOR:1.57, 95%CI:1.21-2.05).CONCLUSIONSThe results from this study indicate that considering healthy lifestyle behaviours - diet, sleep, and exercise - in the design of intervention programmes may be beneficial in reducing IPV perpetration in Tanzania, and that they should be considered alongside previously established evidence-based risk factors.","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal resuscitation in Eastern Africa: health care providers' level of knowledge and its determinants. A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Addis Eyeberu,Elias Yadeta,Deribe Bekele Dechasa,Ahmedin Aliyi Usso,Faysal Mohammed,Adera Debella","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2396636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2396636","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDEven though effective neonatal resuscitation prevents the consequences of neonatal death related to birth asphyxia, a significant portion of healthcare personnel lacked understanding or performed it inconsistently. It is critical to have a comprehensive study that demonstrates the overall level of knowledge of healthcare providers regarding neonatal resuscitation in Eastern Africa.METHODSArticles were searched from Science Direct, JBI databases, Web of Sciences, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The primary outcome was the level of knowledge of health care providers regarding neonatal resuscitation. Data were analyzed using Stata version 18 statistical software. The overall estimates with a 95% confidence interval were estimated using a random effect model.RESULTSIn this meta-analysis study, 7916 healthcare providers were included. The overall level of knowledge on neonatal resuscitation among healthcare providers in Eastern Africa was 59% [95% CI: 48-70]. Trained health care providers (OR = 3.63, 95% CI: 2.26, 5.00), and work experience of 5 years and above (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.00, 3.16) were determinants of the level of knowledge. However, the level of education and availability of equipment were found to be insignificantly associated with the level of knowledge.CONCLUSIONSThe results of this meta-analysis showed that healthcare professionals in Eastern Africa lacked sufficient knowledge about neonatal resuscitation. Having 5 years of work experience and training in neonatal resuscitation was found to be strongly associated with knowledge level. Thus, continuing education, training courses, and frequent updates on neonatal resuscitation protocols are required for healthcare professionals.","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142222252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness and utilization of Swedish youth clinics among migrants enrolled in Swedish language programmes: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Amanda Lundberg,Anna-Karin Hurtig,Faustine Kyungu Nkulu-Kalengayi","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2401658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2401658","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPrevious research has highlighted inequalities in access to Swedish youth clinics (YCs). These inequalities exist not only between non-migrant and young migrant populations but also within various migrant groups.OBJECTIVESTo assess awareness and utilization of Swedish YCs among migrants enrolled in Swedish language programmes and explore associated factors.METHODSThis cross-sectional study involved 1,112 migrants aged 15-65. The analytical sample included 642 (57%) participants who answered the main outcome question about awareness of YCs. Descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate log-binomial regression analyses using a Bayesian approach were applied to summarize the data and identify factors associated with awareness and utilization of YCs among migrants.RESULTSThe results revealed that 30% of all participants and 40% of the participants aged 15-25 years had heard of YCs. Additionally, 23% of the target group (15-25 years) had ever visited one. During descriptive and bivariate analyses, socio-demographic variations were evident in YCs' awareness and utilization. However, in multivariate analyses, only the associations between awareness and year of arrival, and YCs' utilization and year of arrival and type of residence permit, remained statistically significant.CONCLUSIONThis study highlights the level of awareness of YCs among migrants attending Swedish language programmes and their utilization by those aged 15-25 years, potentially impacting their access to crucial services and resources. Targeted interventions and sustainable strategies beyond one-time interventions are essential to address the specific needs of different socio-demographic groups and ensure equitable access to YCs' information and services.","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142222251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}