Global Health ActionPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2448894
Anna Salnikova, Olena Makarenko, Yuliia Sereda, Tetiana Kiriazova, Karsten Lunze, Jack DeHovitz, Danielle C Ompad
{"title":"Depression among people living with tuberculosis and tuberculosis/HIV coinfection in Ukraine: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Anna Salnikova, Olena Makarenko, Yuliia Sereda, Tetiana Kiriazova, Karsten Lunze, Jack DeHovitz, Danielle C Ompad","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2448894","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2448894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depressive disorders are associated with poor treatment outcomes, physical health, and quality of life among people living with TB (PLWTB) and TB/HIV (PLWTBHIV). Data on depression among PLWTB/HIV are limited in Ukraine.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This cross-sectional study aimed to examine depression risk and its correlates and describe the willingness to seek depression treatment among PLWTB/HIV in Ukraine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis included patients with and without HIV who initiated TB treatment within 30 days in two tertiary hospitals in Kyiv and Odesa. A survey was conducted from February 2021 to October 2022 and reviewed patients' health records. We used the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) to indicate risk for clinical depression. Factors associated with depressive symptoms were identified using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample included 209 participants (<i>n</i> = 100 with TB; <i>n</i> = 109 with TB/HIV). The mean age of participants was 43 (SD = 11) years; 66% of sample identified as male. Approximately 28% of participants were at risk for clinical depression; of whom 66% were willing to seek therapeutic or medical help. HIV coinfection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46,6.20), past 30 days illicit drug use (aOR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.18,11.60), TB stigma (moderate stigma aOR = 7.40, 95% CI = 2.22,34.1; high stigma aOR = 15.50, 95% CI = 4.52,73.20), and unemployment status (aOR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.12,4.60) were significantly associated with the odds of depressive symptoms among PLWTB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings support integration of a brief depression screening tool into routine clinical care of PLWTB/HIV and highlight the importance of linking TB/HIV care with mental health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"18 1","pages":"2448894"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143410899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Health ActionPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2448896
Marc Sánchez Benito, Julia Bielik, Carmen Rauh Garrido, Johanna Krüger, Selina Noe, Saskia-Linda Stämmler, Salome Steinke, Sofia Tzirita, Xuan Zhang
{"title":"Integrating environmental sustainability into the teaching of global health ethics from a students' perspective: new guiding questions.","authors":"Marc Sánchez Benito, Julia Bielik, Carmen Rauh Garrido, Johanna Krüger, Selina Noe, Saskia-Linda Stämmler, Salome Steinke, Sofia Tzirita, Xuan Zhang","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2448896","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2448896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental sustainability stands out as a crucial topic in global health. Although this concept has been part of ethical discussions for over two decades, progress toward its adoption within global health ethics education remains slow and hesitant, hindering its integration into global health practice and decision-making processes. As recent global health graduates, we believe that global health relies on the interconnectedness of human and environmental health. Therefore, we sought to address a gap in our ethics formation by proposing the inclusion of an environmental sustainability perspective in global health ethics teaching through a revised question checklist and classroom activity. This question checklist expands on the seven teaching principles for public health ethics by Schröder-Bäck et al. applying an environmental ethics lens to global health ethics. The group activity offers a structured method for students to explore practical applications of environmental sustainability in global health processes. We aim to foster more critical reflections and discussions on this topic among future global health professionals and students, paving the way for a more environmentally sustainable future in global health.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"18 1","pages":"2448896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Health ActionPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2025.2455236
Varadharajan Srinivasan, Miguel San Sebastián, Samson Rana, Pooja Bhatt, Greg Armstrong, Smita Deshpande, Kaaren Mathias
{"title":"Effectiveness of a resilience, gender equity and mental health group intervention for young people living in informal urban communities in North India: a cluster randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Varadharajan Srinivasan, Miguel San Sebastián, Samson Rana, Pooja Bhatt, Greg Armstrong, Smita Deshpande, Kaaren Mathias","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2025.2455236","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2025.2455236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental health problems are the leading cause of disease burden among young people in India. While evidence shows that youth mental health and resilience can be improved with group interventions in school settings, such an intervention has not been robustly evaluated in informal urban settings.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate whether the Nae Disha 3 group intervention could improve youth resilience, mental health and gender equal attitudes among disadvantaged young people from low-income urban communities in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cluster randomised controlled trial used an analytic sample of 476 adolescents and young adults aged 11-25 years from randomised clusters in urban Dehradun, India. The 251 intervention group participants were 112 boys and 139 girls, and the 225 young people in the wait-control group were 101 boys and 124 girls. Five validated tools measuring resilience gender equity and mental health were filled by participants at three different points in time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Difference in difference (DiD) analysis at T2 showed that scores improved among girls in intervention group, for adjusted model, resilience (DiD = 4.12; 95% CI: 2.14, 6.09) and among boys, for resilience (DiD = 5.82; 95% CI: 1.57, 9.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Nae Disha 3 intervention among disadvantaged urban youth moderately improved resilience for both young men and women, though it did not significantly impact mental health, self-efficacy, or gender-equal attitudes. We establish potential merit for this approach to youth mental health but recommend further research to examine active ingredients and the ideal duration of such group interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"18 1","pages":"2455236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Health ActionPub Date : 2024-12-31Epub Date: 2024-02-21DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2313340
Nan Ren, Huimin Huang, Baoying Liu, Chuancheng Wu, Jianjun Xiang, Quan Zhou, Shuling Kang, Xiaoyang Zhang, Yu Jiang
{"title":"Interactive effects of atmospheric oxidising pollutants and heat waves on the risk of residential mortality.","authors":"Nan Ren, Huimin Huang, Baoying Liu, Chuancheng Wu, Jianjun Xiang, Quan Zhou, Shuling Kang, Xiaoyang Zhang, Yu Jiang","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2313340","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2313340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of heat waves and atmospheric oxidising pollutants on residential mortality within the framework of global climate change has become increasingly important.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this research, the interactive effects of heat waves and oxidising pollutants on the risk of residential mortality in Fuzhou were examined. Methods We collected environmental, meteorological, and residential mortality data in Fuzhou from 1 January 2016, to 31 December 2021. We then applied a generalised additive model, distributed lagged nonlinear model, and bivariate three-dimensional model to investigate the effects and interactions of various atmospheric oxidising pollutants and heat waves on the risk of residential mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Atmospheric oxidising pollutants increased the risk of residential mortality at lower concentrations, and O3 and Ox were positively associated with a maximum risk of 2.19% (95% CI: 0.74-3.66) and 1.29% (95% CI: 0.51-2.08). The risk of residential mortality increased with increasing temperature, with a strong and long-lasting effect and a maximum cumulative lagged effect of 1.11% (95% CI: 1.01, 1.23). Furthermore, an interaction between atmospheric oxidising pollutants and heat waves may have occurred: the larger effects in the longest cumulative lag time on residential mortality per 10 µg/m3 increase in O3, NO2 and Ox during heat waves compared to non-heat waves were [-3.81% (95% CI: -14.82, 8.63)]; [-0.45% (95% CI: -2.67, 1.81)]; [67.90% (95% CI: 11.55, 152.71)]; 16.37% (95% CI: 2.43, 32.20)]; [-3.00% (95% CI: -20.80, 18.79)]; [-0.30% (95% CI: -3.53, 3.04)]. The risk on heat wave days was significantly higher than that on non-heat wave days and higher than the separate effects of oxidising pollutants and heat waves.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, we found some evidence suggesting that heat waves increase the impact of oxidising atmospheric pollutants on residential mortality to some extent.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2313340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10883108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Health ActionPub Date : 2024-12-31Epub Date: 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2338324
Amruta Bandal, Sara Hernández, Revan Mustafa, Karyn Choy, Namrata Edwards, Magdalena Guarchaj, Marinés Mejía Alvarez, Anushree Sane, Scott Tschida, Chetna Maliye, Ann Miller, Abhishek Raut, Roopa Srinivasan, Morgan Turner, Bradley H Wagenaar, Ilgi Ertem, Maria Del Pilar Grazioso, Subodh S Gupta, Vibha Krishnamurthy, Peter Rohloff
{"title":"Methodology for adapting a co-created early childhood development intervention and implementation strategies for use by frontline workers in India and Guatemala: a systematic application of the FRAME-IS framework.","authors":"Amruta Bandal, Sara Hernández, Revan Mustafa, Karyn Choy, Namrata Edwards, Magdalena Guarchaj, Marinés Mejía Alvarez, Anushree Sane, Scott Tschida, Chetna Maliye, Ann Miller, Abhishek Raut, Roopa Srinivasan, Morgan Turner, Bradley H Wagenaar, Ilgi Ertem, Maria Del Pilar Grazioso, Subodh S Gupta, Vibha Krishnamurthy, Peter Rohloff","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2338324","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2338324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is little evidence on optimizing the effectiveness and implementation of evidence-based early childhood development (ECD) interventions when task-shifted to frontline workers. In this Methods Forum paper, we describe our adaptation of the International Guide for Monitoring Child Development (GMCD) for task-shifting to frontline workers in Guatemala and India. In 2021-2022, implementers, trainers, frontline workers, caregivers, and international GMCD experts collaborated to adapt the GMCD for a task shifted implementation by frontline workers. We used an eight-step co-creating process: assembling a multidisciplinary team, training on the existing package, working groups to begin modifications, revision of draft modifications, tailoring of visual materials and language, train-the-trainers activities, pilot frontline worker trainings, final review and feedback. Preliminary effectiveness of adaptations was evaluated through narrative notes and group-based qualitative feedback following pilot trainings with 16 frontline workers in India and 6 in Guatemala. Final adaptations included: refining training techniques to match skill levels and learning styles of frontline workers; tailoring all visual materials to local languages and contexts; design of job aids for providing developmental support messages; modification of referral and triage processes for children in need of enhanced support and speciality referral; and creation of post-training support procedures. Feedback from pilot trainings included: (1) group consensus that training improved ECD skills and knowledge across multiple domains; and (2) feedback on ongoing needed adjustments to pacing, use of video-based vs. role-playing materials, and time allocated to small group work. We use the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications to Evidence-based Implementation Strategies (FRAME-IS) framework to document our adaptations. The co-creating approach we use, as well as systematic documentation of adaptation decisions will be of use to other community-based early childhood interventions and implementation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2338324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11089920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating the implementation of person-centred care and simulation-based learning in a midwifery education programme in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a study protocol.","authors":"Frida Temple, Ewa Carlsson Lalloo, Marie Berg, Urban Berg, Alumeti Munyali Désiré, Olivier Nyakio, Aline Mulunda, Malin Bogren","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2370097","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2370097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Investing in midwives educated according to international standards is crucial for achieving Sustainable Development Goals in maternal and newborn health. Applying a person-centred care approach and using simulation-based learning to improve the learning experience for midwifery students may enhance the quality of childbirth care. This protocol describes a study evaluating the implementation of person-centred approach and simulation-based learning in childbirth as part of a midwifery education programme at the Evangelical University in Africa, DRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research will be exploratory and guided by an implementation research framework. Ethical approval has been obtained. Facilitators working at the programme's five clinical practice sites will be trained in: 1) Introducing person-centred childbirth care using a training programme called'Mutual Meetings'; and 2) integrating simulation-based learning, specifically by using the three courses: Essential Care of Labor, Bleeding after Birth, and Vacuum Extraction. Data will include interviews with midwifery students, facilitators and clinical preceptors, and maternal and neonatal outcomes from birth registers.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>By integrating a validated and culturally adapted person-centred care training programme and simulation-based learning into a midwifery education programme and clinical practice sites, the findings from the study anticipate an improvement in the quality of childbirth care. Training facilitators in these methodologies aim to effectively mitigate maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. The findings are expected to provide valuable recommendations for governments, policymakers, and healthcare providers in the DRC and beyond, contributing to significant improvements in midwifery education and aligning with global health priorities, including the Sustainable Development Goals.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was registered retrospectively with the ISRCTN registry on the 23rd of February 2024. The registration number is: ISRCTN10049855.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2370097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11207909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Health ActionPub Date : 2024-12-31Epub Date: 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2371184
Rodrigo K Arce Cardozo, Osvaldo Fonseca-Rodríguez, Yercin Mamani Ortiz, Miguel San Sebastian, Frida Jonsson
{"title":"Did the COVID-19 quarantine policies applied in Cochabamba, Bolivia mitigated cases successfully? an interrupted time series analysis.","authors":"Rodrigo K Arce Cardozo, Osvaldo Fonseca-Rodríguez, Yercin Mamani Ortiz, Miguel San Sebastian, Frida Jonsson","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2371184","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2371184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic prompted varied policy responses globally, with Latin America facing unique challenges. A detailed examination of these policies' impacts on health systems is crucial, particularly in Bolivia, where information about policy implementation and outcomes is limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the COVID-19 testing trends and evaluate the effects of quarantine measures on these trends in Cochabamba, Bolivia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing COVID-19 testing data from the Cochabamba Department Health Service for the 2020-2022 period. Stratified testing rates in the health system sectors were first estimated followed by an interrupted time series analysis using a quasi-Poisson regression model for assessing the quarantine effects on the mitigation of cases during surge periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The public sector reported the larger percentage of tests (65%), followed by the private sector (23%) with almost double as many tests as the public-social security sector (11%). In the time series analysis, a correlation between the implementation of quarantine policies and a decrease in the slope of positive rates of COVID-19 cases was observed compared to periods without or with reduced quarantine policies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research underscores the local health system disparities and the effectiveness of stringent quarantine measures in curbing COVID-19 transmission in the Cochabamba region. The findings stress the importance of the measures' intensity and duration, providing valuable lessons for Bolivia and beyond. As the global community learns from the pandemic, these insights are critical for shaping resilient and effective health policy responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2371184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Health ActionPub Date : 2024-12-31Epub Date: 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2364498
Leonard Baatiema, Daniel Llywelyn Strachan, Lydia Osetohamhen Okoibhole, Irene Akwo Kretchy, Mawuli Kushitor, Raphael Baffour Awuah, Olutobi Adekunle Sanuade, Ernestina Korleki Danyki, Samuel Amon, Kafui Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Haim Yacobi, Megan Vaughan, Ann Blandford, Publa Antwi, Hannah Maria Jennings, Daniel Kojo Arhinful, Ama de-Graft Aikins, Edward Fottrell, The Care Diabetes Team
{"title":"Contextual awareness, response and evaluation (CARE) of diabetes in poor urban communities in Ghana: the CARE diabetes project qualitative study protocol.","authors":"Leonard Baatiema, Daniel Llywelyn Strachan, Lydia Osetohamhen Okoibhole, Irene Akwo Kretchy, Mawuli Kushitor, Raphael Baffour Awuah, Olutobi Adekunle Sanuade, Ernestina Korleki Danyki, Samuel Amon, Kafui Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Haim Yacobi, Megan Vaughan, Ann Blandford, Publa Antwi, Hannah Maria Jennings, Daniel Kojo Arhinful, Ama de-Graft Aikins, Edward Fottrell, The Care Diabetes Team","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2364498","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2364498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes remains a major, global clinical and public health threat with consistent rises in prevalence around the world over the past four decades. Two-thirds of the projected increases in global diabetes prevalence to 2045 are expected to come from low- and middle-income countries, including those in sub-Saharan Africa. Ghana is typical of this trend. However, there are gaps in evidence regarding the appropriate development of interventions and well-targeted policies for diabetes prevention and treatment that pay due attention to relevant local conditions and influences. Due consideration to community perspectives of environmental influences on the causes of diabetes, access to appropriate health services and care seeking for diabetes prevention and management is warranted, especially in urban settings. The 'Contextual Awareness, Response and Evaluation (CARE): Diabetes in Ghana' project is a mixed methods study in Ga Mashie, Accra. An epidemiological survey is described elsewhere. Six qualitative studies utilising a range of methodologies are proposed in this protocol to generate a contextual understanding of type 2 diabetes mellitus in an urban poor population. They focus on community, care provider, and policy stakeholder perspectives with a focus on food markets and environmental influences, the demand and supply of health services, and the history of the Ga Mashie community and its inhabitants. The results will be shared with the community in Ga Mashie and with health policy stakeholders in Ghana and other settings where the findings may be usefully transferable for the development of community-based interventions for diabetes prevention and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2364498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC467110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141621263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Health ActionPub Date : 2024-12-31Epub Date: 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2435642
Sha Lai, Zechen Wang, Chi Shen, Junfei Feng, Yawei Huang, Xiaolong Zhang, Li Lu, Zhongliang Zhou
{"title":"Factors associated with unplanned readmissions for patients with mental and behavioural disorders in China: a quantitative analysis.","authors":"Sha Lai, Zechen Wang, Chi Shen, Junfei Feng, Yawei Huang, Xiaolong Zhang, Li Lu, Zhongliang Zhou","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2435642","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2435642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unplanned readmissions among patients with mental and behavioural disorders (MBDs) disrupt inpatient recovery and impose financial burdens on families and healthcare systems.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To estimate the 31-day unplanned inpatient readmission rates for MBDs in China and identify determinant profiles from the perspective of individual, hospital, and contextual levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from patients with MBDs were collected from the medical records of 99 public hospitals across 10 cities. A total of 49,352 inpatient admissions were analysed based on the proposed conceptual model using multilevel logistic regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 31-day unplanned readmission rate (excluding 0-1-day returns) was 8.6% (95% CI: 8.4-8.9%). Determinant profiles differed across the overall group and subgroups. The number of general practitioners within cities was associated with reduced risk of unplanned readmissions. Hospital factors such as facility type and size, human resources, and revenue size were associated with unplanned readmissions only in specific subgroups. Additionally, individual-level factors, including demographic information (e.g. gender, age, marital status, and occupational status), disease-related factors (e.g. primary diagnostic group, condition at admission, and other diagnoses), and clinical characteristics (e.g. length of stay and medical costs), were associated with unplanned readmissions across all subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study emphasises collaborative efforts from health systems, hospitals, and patients to reduce unplanned readmissions for MDBs. Health systems should focus on improving access to care, enhancing quality, and ensuring continuity while providing incentives for hospitals. Additionally, hospitals should prioritise the identification and effective management of their high-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2435642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Health ActionPub Date : 2024-12-31Epub Date: 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2411742
Sabine Iva Franklin
{"title":"Local governance of the 2014 ebola Epidemic: a PhD synthesis.","authors":"Sabine Iva Franklin","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2411742","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2411742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The doctoral dissertation examines how local response efforts were integrated into overall emergency management.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>It seeks to understand the role and effectiveness of community-based actors in addressing collective action problems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-seven semi-structured interviews were conducted from January to July 2017 in Liberia and Sierra Leone. Key informants include healthcare workers, traditional leaders, and community stakeholders, such as non-governmental organization representatives and volunteers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings show that traditional and community leaders responded to the public health emergency via rulemaking, quarantine, travel limitation, healthcare referrals, health sensitization, and door-to-door contact tracing. These actions by local leaders helped to change behaviors and improve cooperation. Sierra Leone had 32.3% more Ebola cases than Liberia but 18% fewer deaths. Sierra Leone had integrated traditional and community leaders before the scale up of international aid resources.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This suggests that actions taken by traditional and community leaders improved overall efforts, and in some areas, before scaled-up humanitarian interventions. Bilateral engagement with local community actors should be integrated in every public health response to improve cooperation, and it should be done before an intervention is conceived and executed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2411742"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}