Global Health Action最新文献

{"title":"Does mistreatment during institutional childbirth increase the likelihood of experiencing postpartum depressive symptoms? A prospective cohort study in Nepal.","authors":"Rejina Gurung, Miia Bask","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2381312","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2381312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postpartum depression is associated with low socioeconomic status, adverse birthing processes, and life stress. Increasing evidence of mistreatment during childbirth, negative birth experiences, and poor quality of maternal care is of global concern.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the risk of experiencing depressive symptoms among postpartum women exposed to mistreatment during institutional birthing in Nepal.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a prospective cohort study from 29 March to 19 August 2022. Of 1629 women who gave birth in a hospital in Nepal, 1222 were assessed for mistreatment during childbirth and depressive symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. We used binomial generalized linear mixed model to examine the risk ratio of postpartum depressive symptoms in women exposed to mistreatment during childbirth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms was 4.4%. Women exposed to mistreatment during childbirth were almost fifty percent more likely to have postpartum depressive symptoms (cRR 1.47; 95% CI 1.14, 1.89; <i>p</i> = 0.003) compared with the unexposed group. Furthermore, adolescent mothers exposed to mistreatment during childbirth had a seventy percent increased risk of depressive symptoms (aRR 1.72; 95% CI 1.23, 2.41; <i>p = 0.002</i>). Similarly, women who gave birth to female infants were thirty percent more likely to experience postpartum depressive symptoms (aRR 1.32; 95% CI 1.01-1.74; <i>p = 0.039</i>).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed an association between postpartum depressive symptoms and mistreatment during institutional births in Nepal. The implementation of appropriate respectful maternity care during childbirth and also routine screening for depressive symptoms is critical to improving perinatal mental health and well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11293266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation and validation of the Children's Surgical Assessment Tool for Rwandan district hospitals.","authors":"Sarah Nuss, Jean Paul Majyambere, Edmond Ntaganda, Callum Forbes, Jonathan Nkurunziza, Carol Mugabo, Vincent Cubaka, Bethany Hedt-Gauthier","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2297870","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2297870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Paediatric surgical care is a critical component of child health and basic universal health coverage and therefore should be included in comprehensive evaluations of surgical capacity. This study adapted and validated the Children's Surgical Assessment Tool (CSAT), a tool developed for district and tertiary hospitals in Nigeria to evaluate hospital infrastructure, workforce, service delivery, financing, and training capacity for paediatric surgery, for use in district hospitals in Rwanda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a three-round modified Delphi process to adapt the CSAT to the Rwandan context. An expert panel of surgeons, anaesthesiologists, paediatricians, and health systems strengthening experts were invited to participate based on their experience with paediatric surgical or anaesthetic care at district hospitals or with health systems strengthening in the Rwandan context. We used the Content Validity Index to validate the final tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The adapted tool had a final score of 0.84 on the Content Validity Index, indicating a high level of agreement among the expert panel. The final tool comprised 171 items across five domains: facility characteristics, service delivery, workforce, financing, and training/research.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The adapted CSAT is appropriate for use in district hospitals in Rwanda to evaluate the capacity for paediatric surgery. This study provides a framework for adapting and validating a comprehensive paediatric surgical assessment tool to local contexts in LMICs and used in similar settings in sub-Saharan Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10778412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The pioneers of Vietnam's epidemiological transition: an ethnographic study of pregnant women's experiences of gestational diabetes.","authors":"Tine M Gammeltoft, Thi Ai Nguyen, Thi Kim Dung, Ngoc-Anh Thi Dang, Thi Minh Phuong Nguyen, Van Tien Nguyen, Ib C Bygbjerg","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2341521","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2341521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an abnormal glucose metabolism diagnosed during pregnancy that can have serious adverse consequences for mother and child. GDM is an exceptional health condition, as its management serves not only as treatment but also as prevention, reducing the risk of future diabetes in mother and child.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This qualitative study aimed to explore how pregnant women experience and respond to GDM, focusing particularly on the role of the family environment in shaping women's experiences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research was carried out in Vietnam's Thái Bình province in April-May 2023. We conducted in-depth ethnographic interviews with 21 women with GDM, visiting them in their homes. Our theoretical starting point was phenomenological anthropology, and the data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the centre of women's experiences was the contrast between GDM as a biomedical and a social condition. Whereas GDM was biomedically diagnosed and managed in the healthcare system, it was often deemed insignificant or non-existent by family members. This made GDM a <i>biomedically present</i> but <i>socially absent</i> health condition. This paradox posed challenges to women's GDM self-care, placing them in pioneering social positions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The biomedical presence yet social absence of GDM turned women into pioneers at biomedical, digital, epidemiological, and family frontiers. This article calls for appreciation of pregnant women's pioneering roles and for health systems action to involve women and families in the development of GDM policies and programmes at a time of sweeping global health changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11067556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overweight and obesity trends and associated factors among reproductive women in Ethiopia.","authors":"Ermias Tadesse Beyene, Seungman Cha, Yan Jin","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2362728","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2362728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In low- and middle-income countries, the double burden of malnutrition is prevalent. Many countries in Africa are currently confronted with overweight and obesity, particularly among women, coupled with an increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examines trends in overweight and obesity among Ethiopian women of reproductive age from 2005 to 2016, and identifies associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used three consecutive datasets from 2005 (<i>n</i> = 14070), 2011 (<i>n</i> = 16515), and 2016 (<i>n</i> = 15683) demographic health survey years. Multilevel logistic regression was used to identify the determinant factors among individual- and cluster-level variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of overweight and obesity among reproductive women in Ethiopia increased steadily from 6.09% in 2005 to 8.54% in 2011, and 10.16% in 2016. However, mixed patterns were observed among the regions of the country. We found that age, education, living in urban areas, and living in a rich community are associated with becoming overweight and obese. For instance, the odds of becoming overweight and obese among women aged 35-49 were higher than those among women aged 15-24 (odds ratio [OR] = 3.62, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]:2.64-4.97). Women who completed secondary school have higher odds than those without formal education (OR = 1.64, 95% CI:1.19-2.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate trends in the nationwide prevalence of overweight and obesity and the associated factors among Ethiopian women. This study warrants further follow-up research to identify the pathways between overweight and obesity and their probable factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11172244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and social determinants of smoking among men in Mauritius: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Miguel San Sebastián, Tuomilehto Jaakko, Stefan Söderberg, Paul Zimmet, Bhushan Ori, Jaysing Heecharan, Osvaldo Fonseca-Rodríguez, Sudhirsen Kowlessur","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2367415","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2367415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mauritius has implemented a range of stringent policies to control smoking and promote public health. Regular monitoring focuses on the prevalence of tobacco use, yet there is a gap in understanding its socio-economic patterns.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of tobacco smoking and to identify the social determinants associated with smoking among men in Mauritius in 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional population-based study conducted by the Ministry of Health and Wellness during 2021. In total, 3622 individuals participated (response rate of 84.1%), of which 1663 were men (45.9%). The study mainly focused on men given the low prevalence of smoking among women. Daily smoking was the outcome and a series of sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors were included as independent variables. Prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated to fulfill the study objective.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of smoking among men was 30.4%. People in the 25-34 age group (PR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.12-2.41), those separated, divorced or widowed (PR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.16-2.11), the ethnic groups Muslim-Mauritians (PR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.00-2.89) and Creoles (PR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.16-3.35), and those with secondary (PR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.00-1.67) and primary education (PR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.10-1.98) were statistically significantly associated with daily smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although a gradual decline in smoking prevalence was observed compared with the previous 2015 survey, the Ministry of Health and Wellness should persist in fortifying its anti-smoking measures and concentrate on crafting tailored interventions aimed at the vulnerable groups identified in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11191822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting private sector engagement in achieving universal health coverage: a scoping review.","authors":"Naser Derakhshani, Ramin Rezapour, Saber Azami-Aghdash, Hamideh Nafar, Samira Soleimanpour, Emir Tahmazi Aghdam, Mohammadreza Maleki","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2375672","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2375672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is one of the most important strategies adopted by countries in achieving goals of sustainable development. To achieve UHC, the governments need the engagement of the private sector.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting private sector engagement in achieving universal health coverage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study is a scoping review that utilizes Arkesy & O'Malley frameworks. Data collection was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Sciences, Embase, ProQuest, SID, and MagIran databases and the Google Scholar search engine. Also, manual searches of journals and websites, reference checks, and grey literature searches were done using specific keywords. To manage and screen the studies, EndNote X8 software was used. Data extraction and analysis was done by two members of the research team, independently and using content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the results, 43 studies out of 588 studies were included. Most of the studies were international (18 studies). Extracted data were divided into four main categories: challenges, barriers, facilitators, goals, and reasons for engagement. After exclusion and integration of identified data, these categories were classified in the following manner: barriers and challenges with 59 items and in 13 categories, facilitators in 50 items and 9 categories, reasons with 30 items, and in 5 categories and goals with 24 items and 6 categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Utilizing the experience of different countries, challenges and barriers, facilitators, reasons, and goals were analyzed and classified. This investigation can be used to develop the engagement of the private sector and organizational synergy in achieving UHC by policymakers and planners.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Health Camp' model: a unique approach for child vaccination in non-state armed actor controlled, inaccessible geographies in Somalia.","authors":"Mohamed Hussein Kahow, Salad Ahmed Halane, Asma Ali, Rashed Shah","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2391598","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2391598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Decades of conflict, political instability, and limited infrastructure left Somalia facing significant challenges to offer consistent and equitable health services, especially for child vaccination. Recent data reveals alarming vaccination gaps, with 60% of children receiving no vaccinations, and only 11% completing required vaccines. Despite global support, an estimated 1.15 million children remain unvaccinated, half of them reside in inaccessible areas controlled by non-state armed actors. In this context, the Far-Reaching Integrated Delivery (FARID) project was initiated since October 2022 across 10 districts of Galmudug and Hirshabelle state in Somalia. Employing the 'Health Camp' model, FARID addresses social, structural, and gender barriers, adapting to ever-changing context of inaccessible regions by providing mobile health facilities and outreach health and nutrition services, including child vaccination. This approach effectively reached previously unreached population in Somalia's most difficult-to-reach areas. Implemented in phases, the project immunized 51,168 children (0-23 months) who had not received any prior vaccinations (23,753 boys and 27,415 girls), screened and treated 14,158 malnourished children (0-59 months) and vaccinated 11,672 pregnant women during March-December 2023. The project's success hinges on intensive community engagement, local partnerships, innovation in mapping and data management, and delivery of integrated services tailored to population needs. The project underscores the critical role of local community-based organizations and clan elders in reaching inaccessible populations through humanitarian negotiation amidst security challenges. The project has achieved significant milestones aligned with national health strategic plans, including progress towards universal health coverage and improved immunization access in Somalia's most challenging regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a prognosis risk score model for neonatal mortality in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. A prospective cohort study.","authors":"Mengstu Melkamu Asaye, Yohannes Hailu Matebe, Helena Lindgren, Kerstin Erlandsson, Kassahun Alemu Gelaye","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2392354","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2392354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A neonatal mortality prediction score can assist clinicians in making timely clinical decisions to save neonates' lives by facilitating earlier admissions where needed. It can also help reduce unnecessary admissions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to develop and validate a prognosis risk score for neonatal mortality within 28 days in public hospitals in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The model was developed using a validated neonatal near miss assessment scale and a prospective cohort of 365 near-miss neonates in six hospitals between July 2021 and January 2022. The model's accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, calibration belt, and the optimism statistic. Internal validation was performed using a 500-repeat bootstrapping technique. Decision curve analysis was used to evaluate the model's clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 63 of the 365 neonates died, giving a neonatal mortality rate of 17.3% (95% CI: 13.7-21.5). Six potential predictors were identified and included in the model: anemia during pregnancy, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational age less than 37 weeks, birth asphyxia, 5 min Apgar score less than 7, and birth weight less than 2500 g. The model's AUC was 84.5% (95% CI: 78.8-90.2). The model's predictive ability while accounting for overfitting via internal validity was 82%. The decision curve analysis showed higher clinical utility performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The neonatal mortality predictive score could aid in early detection, clinical decision-making, and, most importantly, timely interventions for high-risk neonates, ultimately saving lives in Ethiopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between maternal haemoglobin status during pregnancy and children's mental and psychomotor development at 18 months of age: Evidence from rural Bangladesh.","authors":"Sayedur Rahman, Lina Wallberg, Anisur Rahman, Eva-Charlotte Ekström, Maria Kippler, Jena D Hamadani, Syed Moshfiqur Rahman","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2390269","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2390269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anaemia is commonly caused by iron deficiency and screened by haemoglobin (Hb) concentration in blood. There is a scarcity of longitudinal data on the relationship between maternal Hb levels during pregnancy and neurodevelopment in children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To measure the relationship of maternal Hb concentrations during pregnancy on early child development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 1,720 mother-child dyads in rural Bangladesh. Maternal Hb concentrations were measured at 14 and 30 weeks of gestation. The child's Mental Developmental Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) at 18 months of age were measured using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-II). Data on socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometrics, mothers' IQ and children's home stimulation were also collected. Bivariate and multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses were used to explore associations of maternal Hb with child development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean Hb concentrations at 14 and 30 weeks of gestation were 116.6 g/L (±12.7) and 114.7 g/L (±12.7), respectively. Mean MDI and PDI scores among 18-month-old children were 78.9 (±12.4) and 93.8 (±13.7), respectively. Maternal 14-week Hb concentration was correlated with PDI (<i>r</i> = 0.06; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and 30-week Hb concentrations was correlated with MDI (<i>r</i> = 0.05; <i>p</i> < 0.05). Multivariable adjusted linear regression analysis showed that an increase in 14-week Hb concentrations increased the PDI scores among boys (β = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.16). Hb concentrations at 30 weeks of gestation were not associated with MDI or PDI scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher maternal Hb concentrations at 14 weeks of gestation were associated with higher PDI among 18-month-old boys in Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women's empowerment as a determinant of neonatal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: a narrative review focused on Nigeria.","authors":"Joel-Medewase Victor Idowu, Wada Zechariah Ojima, Sayomi Bukola Adetutu, Adetoye Mayowa Mary, Ashaolu Joseph Oluwakayode, Olowolafe Tubosun Alex","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2394256","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2394256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatal mortality remains a critical public health issue, with Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experiencing disproportionately high rates compared to other global regions. Notably, SSA and South Asia are the regions most lagging behind the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.2, aiming for <12 neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births by 2030. Within SSA, Nigeria, the most populous country, records the highest number of neonatal deaths annually. Given the structural similarities among SSA nations, this narrative review, focusing on Nigeria, explores effective strategies to reduce the neonatal mortality gap. Information about trends, risk factors, and prevalent lapses was obtained from literature from renowned databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, and grey literature consisting of reports from relevant governmental and non-governmental organizations. Critical risk factors commonly identified include inadequate antenatal care (less than three visits), lack of access to skilled and clean birth practices, limited healthcare accessibility, financial barriers, substandard environmental conditions, and nutritional shortfalls. This review highlights women's empowerment as an additional critical factor, often overlooked, in the efforts to decrease neonatal mortality rates. Improving women's empowerment indices, such as the Gender Inequality Index (GII), employment, and literacy, offers a promising avenue to curtail neonatal mortality rates in Nigeria and across SSA sustainably. While this is potentially a long-term solution, short and medium-term recommendations were also proffered. By integrating women's empowerment within a broader strategy to improve maternal and newborn health, Nigeria can advance towards securing a healthier future for its youngest population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}