Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Clinico-Radiological Correlation in Chronic Otitis Media (COM) Squamous Type: emphasizing the Critical Role of High-Resolution CT (HRCT) of the Temporal Bone for Surgical Navigation.","authors":"Ruuzeno Kuotsu, Ripu Daman Arora, Nitin M Nagarkar, Narendra Kuber Bodhey","doi":"10.1007/s12070-025-05548-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-025-05548-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using HRCT Temporal bone in all cases of COM Squamous type, would act as a guide map and would lead to a better outcome for the patient as removal of the disease without preoperative high resolution radiological evaluation could lead to the destruction of various vital structures situated in and around the temporal bone. In earlier days HRCT temporal bone was not indicated in all cases of COM Squamous type, it was considered only in cases of complications, recurrence and pediatric population. This study compares the intraoperative findings in COM Squamous type cases with that of HRCT Temporal Bone, in all cases of COM Squamous disease before surgery to emphasize the importance of doing HRCT temporal bone prior to every case of COM Squamous type. After institutional ethical clearance, (IEC No: AIIMSRPR/IEC/2020/688) we conducted a prospective cross-sectional observational study on 112 patients over a time period of 12 months in age group between 5-65 years diagnosed with COM Squamous type with/without complication. They underwent surgery and intraoperative findings were correlated with the radiological findings keeping various parameters into consideration. This study discovered a strong relationship between HRCT of the temporal bone and intraoperative results. HRCT temporal bone, despite its drawbacks such as increased exposure to radiation and the inability to differentiate types of soft tissue densities, should be performed in all cases of COM Squamous type prior to surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":49190,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"77 8","pages":"2790-2796"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital and Acquired Choanal Atresia: A Comprehensive Case Series on the Diagnosis and Contemporary Management.","authors":"Vikas Gupta, Poonam Raj, D K Gupta, Rajeev Chugh, Varun Jerath, S C Shaw, Avanti Chauhan","doi":"10.1007/s12070-025-05623-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-025-05623-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Choanal atresia or stenosis (CA/S), whether congenital or acquired, is a rare but clinically significant condition characterized by the obstruction of the posterior nasal aperture. While congenital bilateral choanal atresia (CA) poses an immediate life-threatening risk in neonates due to obligate nasal breathing, unilateral CA may go unnoticed for several years. Acquired forms-particularly post-radiation-are increasingly recognized for their morbidity and impact on quality of life. We present five cases of CA having varied presentation from congenital non syndromic unilateral/bilateral CA to syndromic bilateral CA along with acquired cases of CA post radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies. This case series combines our experience with both congenital and acquired types of choanal atresia, offering a unique comparative perspective on their presentation, diagnosis, and surgical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":49190,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"77 8","pages":"3206-3212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microdebrider Assisted Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Versus Conventional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Management of Sinonasal Polyposis.","authors":"Mohammed Atef Eid, Hussein Magdy Abdelkader","doi":"10.1007/s12070-025-05630-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-025-05630-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introducing powered instrumentation causes drastically changes regarding the endoscopic sinus surgery performance. Such technology has a particular usage in treating different forms of CRS with nasal polyposis. In the therapy of sinonasal polyposis, we report the accuracy of surgery with a microdebrider to typical endoscopic sinus surgery instruments. A prospective randomized comparative investigation has been carried out at Al Azhar University Hospital-ENT department, involving 80 patients who were radiologically and clinically diagnosed with bilateral sinonasal polyposis. These patients had not exhibited improvement with previous medical treatments. The diagnosed cases were equally allocated into two groups, Group A (microdebrider group), who underwent microdebrider, and Group B (conventional Group), who underwent surgery with traditional equipment (Messerklinger approach). The intraoperative blood loss differs significantly among the two groups. In Group A, intraoperative blood loss seems to be much lower in individuals who had FESS with the use of a Microdebrider. Group A had mean surgery duration of 130 min, while Group B had a mean surgery time of 163 min. In the treatment of sinonasal polyposis, a microdebrider has some advantages over Conventional endoscopic sinus surgery. For people with sinonasal polyposis, powerful endoscopic sinus surgery is a preferable therapy option. It creates a dry operating field allowing better visualization and cuts down on operative duration. The current study shows that while these tools may be beneficial, they are not required for successful Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49190,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"77 8","pages":"3033-3039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic Approaches to Vocal Fold Paralysis Using Artificial Intelligence.","authors":"Divya Rao, Rohit Singh, K Devaraja, Sucheta Kolekar","doi":"10.1007/s12070-025-05540-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-025-05540-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vocal fold paralysis, a condition caused by nerve damage, leads to impaired vocal fold movement, impacting speech, breathing, and swallowing. Diagnosing this condition is challenging as conventional methods are invasive. Even after requiring specialized equipment, the diagnosis often fails to confidently distinguish it from similar disorders. This results in treatment delay, affecting the patient's quality of life. Artificial intelligence can be trained on datasets to identify patterns in data that humans can miss, especially in cases where the disease incidence is not common. This narrative review consolidates recent research on the application of artificial intelligence on vocal fold paralysis diagnosis in the last five years. All research papers that have aimed to diagnose unilateral or bilateral vocal fold paralysis using artificial intelligence have been reviewed in this work. Datasets, performance, and challenges have been showcased, along with research gaps and areas for improvement. Artificial intelligence models have demonstrated significant diagnostic potential. Artificial intelligence applied to acoustic analysis successfully identified subtle voice changes linked to impaired vocal fold function with high accuracy. Application to imaging-based approaches offered reliable and detailed motion assessments of vocal folds. Computational approaches provide promising supplements if not alternatives to traditional diagnostic tools, enabling earlier identification and personalized treatment. Dataset diversity, model bias, and reliance on high-quality data are consistent challenges. Future research should focus on expanding the pool of available public datasets, refining algorithms, and ensuring usability in clinical settings to maximize the impact of these technologies on patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49190,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"77 8","pages":"2775-2783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Nasolacrimal Duct Rhinosporidiosis - A Rare Presentation of this Enigmatic Disease.","authors":"Rutvi Patel, Hetal Marfatia, Aishwarya Gaikwad","doi":"10.1007/s12070-025-05591-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-025-05591-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Isolated nasolacrimal duct rhinosporidiosis is a rare manifestation of this chronic granulomatous disease. This reports the first known case in Mumbai, highlighting the need to consider rhinosporidiosis in differential diagnosis of intermittently presenting nasal mass. Appropriate diagnosis, endoscopic surgical management and oral dapsone therapy, prevented recurrence in this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":49190,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"77 8","pages":"3154-3157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Interesting Case of Bilateral Abducens Nerve Palsy Secondary to Large Sphenoid Mucocele.","authors":"Vijay Bidkar, Sandeep Dabhekar, Nittika Garg, K Khadeeja","doi":"10.1007/s12070-025-05624-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-025-05624-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To report a rare case of bilateral large sphenoid mucocele presenting with cranial neuropathies. A 77 year old female presented to ophthalmology OPD with chief complaints of headache since 4 months, double vision and restricted movements in the right eye since 4 months, on examination the patient was diagnosed to have bilateral lateral rectus palsy and underwent CECT PNS which showed the sphenoid sinus to be expanded and completely filled with non enhancing low attenuation material suggestive of mucocele and was impinging on bilateral optic canal with posterior displacement of pituitary gland. The patient was then referred to Oto-rhino-laryngology department for further management. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy did not reveal any positive findings. Ophthalmology examination revealed bilateral lateral rectus palsy and restriction of extraocular movements on abduction. The patient underwent FESS under GA and intra-operatively there was a bulge seen in the sphenoethmoidal recess on the left anterior wall of the sinus which was debrided, gush of purulent material was seen. The sinus was cleared. Similarly opposite side sphenoid sinus was opened and cleared. Wide sphenoidotomy and posterior septectomy was done. Dehiscent pituitary gland and lateral wall seen. Post operatively patient got relieved of headache, diplopia and showed improvement in lateral rectus paresis. Mucoceles of the sphenoid sinus are a very rare with variable clinical presentation. Imaging play a crucial role in diagnosis and early surgical intervention is vital to avoid complications. Endonasal endoscopic approach is the preferred line of management.</p>","PeriodicalId":49190,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"77 8","pages":"3213-3218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Maxillary Antral Mucocele Consequent To Allergic Fungal Sinusitis.","authors":"Valentina Terenzi, Salvatore Martellucci, Veronica Clemenzi, Andrea Stolfa, Andrea Gallo, Giulio Pagliuca","doi":"10.1007/s12070-025-05560-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-025-05560-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maxillary antral mucoceles are rare complications of chronic inflammation of the sinus mucosa due to infection or trauma that leads to an obstructed sinus outflow, such as allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. Treatment of choice of AFRS is medical therapy associated with functional endonasal endoscopic surgery; surgical evacuation (preferentially using endoscopic approach) of mucocele is resolutive in most cases. We think that in cases of giant maxillary mucocele Caldwell Luc approach should be avoided even in case of facial soft tissues (including the orbit) or pterygomaxillary fossa involvement, since endoscopic approach can provide adequate surgical field reducing complication rate and sequaelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":49190,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"77 8","pages":"3254-3256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Laryngeal Aerodynamic Parameters Between Adult Smokers Versus Non-smokers.","authors":"Barsha Priya Das, Indranil Chatterjee, Shirsha Chatterjee","doi":"10.1007/s12070-025-05520-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-025-05520-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aims to compare the laryngeal aerodynamic parameters of male smokers and non-smokers. It primarily investigates the aerodynamic parameters of voice using AerophoneII, in smokers and non-smokers, compares the results and examines whether the influence of smoking would have any influence on the aerodynamic parameters of voice. We took 60 male subjects of age range 20-45 years who were divided into two groups: smokers and non-smokers. Five parameters were taken to assess: Peakflow, Vitalcapacity, Maximum sustained phonation, Fast adduction abduction Rate and Vocal Efficiency. A significant difference was found for all the aerodynamic parameters between smokers and non-smokers. The pathological changes found in smokers include: (1) airway epithelial damage, (2) chronic airway inflammation; (3) structural changes in the airway wall; and (4) loss of alveolar attachments (Saetta et al. in Eur Respir J 7:1505-1515, 1994).</p>","PeriodicalId":49190,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"77 8","pages":"2740-2748"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Nasal Crusting Score: A Novel Way of Assessing Airway Patency.","authors":"Saai Ram Thejas","doi":"10.1007/s12070-025-05566-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-025-05566-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endoscopic Sinus Surgery & Endoscopic Septal Correction are among the most common surgeries done by an Otorhinolaryngologist. Crusting in the nose is basically dried mucus and is the most common complications post nasal surgeries. 213 individuals undergoing Endoscopic Septal Correction and Endoscopic Sinus Surgery were included in the study. The Nasal Crusting Score was used post-surgery to look for crusts which were blocking the airway, noted once a day at 6 am in the Post-Operative days. The Nasal Crusting Score was found to have a decreasing trend from post operative days 3 to 14. The p-value is found to be significant on comparing the crusting from the 2nd post operative days to the end of 14 days. This study presents a novel way of understanding airway problems caused by crusting after Endoscopic Septal Correction and Endoscopic Sinus Surgery by means of a Nasal Crusting Score. Quantitative assessment of the nasal airway has not been studied as date and all Quality of Life questionnaires also have a response bias. Older studies have proven that crusting is the hardest to manage and thus requires a protocol for treatment. This study presents a novel Nasal Crusting Score which can help assess the patency of the airway. It can prove to be a useful tool to quickly have a non-patient dependant scoring. The tool is simple and easy to use and can be done without using complex instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49190,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"77 8","pages":"2830-2833"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Post-Thyroidectomy Hypocalcemia in the Background of Thyroiditis- A Comparative Study.","authors":"Shaheen Ayesha N, Babu Manohar M, Fathima Jabeen","doi":"10.1007/s12070-025-05636-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-025-05636-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyroid surgery once referred to as \"horrid butchery\" due to its high risk and complexity, has transformed dramatically over the centuries. Advances in surgical techniques, along with improvements in hemostasis and nerve identification technologies, have significantly reduced the mortality associated with thyroidectomy. The advent of intraoperative nerve monitoring and visual identification using reliable anatomical landmarks has made the identification and preservation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve almost routine. However, despite these advancements, the intricate design, variable anatomy, and crucial functionality of the parathyroid glands continue to pose significant challenges, even for the most experienced and high-volume surgeons. The aim of our retrospective study is to investigate the association between thyroiditis (histopathologically diagnosed) and the occurrence of hypocalcemia in our patients who have undergone total thyroidectomy. A total of 223 patients were analyzed, divided into two groups: 102 patients without thyroiditis and 121 patients with thyroiditis. The incidence of the postoperative hypocalcemia was compared between these two groups. We have performed the statistical analysis to determine if there were any significant differences noted in the occurrence of hypocalcemia between the two groups. In the non-thyroiditis group, hypocalcemia developed in 50 of 102 patients (49.0%). In the thyroiditis group, hypocalcemia occurred in 67 of 121 patients (55.4%). Chi-square test was used to analyze the data, yielding a p-value of 0.417, which indicates no statistically significant difference in the post operative hypocalcemia incidence between patients with and without thyroiditis. Patients with thyroiditis exhibit a higher incidence of hypocalcemia, though not statistically significant compared to non-thyroiditis cases. Preoperative identification of thyroiditis, expert surgical guidance, and emphasis on tactile feedback while tissue handling reduce the risks of post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism, ensure patient safety and optimal surgical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49190,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"77 8","pages":"3078-3083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}