the Indian Journal of Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Toxic erythema of chemotherapy presenting at scar and conventional sites: An atypical distribution.","authors":"Akshay Meena, Tirekha Suyamprakasam Vimala, Bheemanathi Hanuman Srinivas, Sivaranjini Ramassamy","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_882_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_882_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49189,"journal":{"name":"the Indian Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"58 5","pages":"605-607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13610803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Andrographolide inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression and programmed death ligand-1 expression by blocking STAT3 phosphorylation.","authors":"Hairong Fu, Yunchuan Yuan, Jiahua Tan, Yi Pang, Yun Long","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_860_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_860_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy with frequent recurrence and strong immune evasion. Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) facilitates immune evasion by suppressing T-cell activity. Andrographolide (AD), a natural diterpenoid with anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties, has demonstrated antitumor potential.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Subcutaneous HCC mouse models assessed the antitumor and immune-activating effects of AD. CCK-8 assay, colony-formation assay, apoptosis analyses, and western blot investigated AD's impacts on Huh-7 cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry collectively measured PD-L1 expression after AD treatment. Molecular docking and cellular thermal shift assay detected the targeted binding between AD and STAT3. Finally, recombinant interleukin-6 (rIL-6), a STAT3 activator, was used to verify whether AD-mediated effects on Huh-7 cell viability and PD-L1 expression were STAT3-dependent.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vivo, AD significantly inhibited mouse tumor growth, decreased PD-L1 expression in tumor tissues, and enhanced T-cell infiltration. In vitro, through cell experiments, AD bound to STAT3 and inhibited tumor cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and downregulated PD-L1 protein levels by suppressing the phosphorylation of STAT3. Treatment with rIL-6 significantly reversed AD's antitumor effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AD inhibits HCC progression and PD-L1 expression by blocking STAT3 phosphorylation, providing a theoretical foundation for developing AD-based therapeutic strategies against HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49189,"journal":{"name":"the Indian Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"58 4","pages":"391-400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenytoin-induced drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in a child: A rare but serious adverse drug reaction.","authors":"H S Rajani, D Narayanappa, S N Prashanth, C Chandrashekhar","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_65_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_65_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare, potentially fatal adverse drug reaction (ADR) most associated with anticonvulsants. Paediatric cases are uncommon and may present with atypical or early onset, posing diagnostic challenges. We report the case of a 10-year-old boy who developed high-grade fever, generalized maculopapular rash, lymphadenopathy, eosinophilia, and hepatic involvement shortly after initiation of phenytoin for epilepsy. Infectious causes were excluded. The patient fulfilled RegiSCAR criteria for definite DRESS (score = 7). Prompt withdrawal of phenytoin and initiation of systemic corticosteroids resulted in complete recovery. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of DRESS syndrome as a serious ADR, even when onset occurs earlier than the classical latency period.</p>","PeriodicalId":49189,"journal":{"name":"the Indian Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"58 4","pages":"478-480"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biopolymer-based nanoformulations accelerated tissue remodeling by antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic potential.","authors":"Kunal Kishore, Saranga Rajesh, Sneha Sivadas, Nandakumar Selvasudha, R Barathidasan, A Hannah Rachel Vasanthi","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1222_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1222_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49189,"journal":{"name":"the Indian Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"58 4","pages":"401-419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dapsone induced hemolysis and drop in saturation in normal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase level patients - alarming presentation of poor man's drug: A series of 12 cases and review of literature.","authors":"Swetalina Pradhan, Gaurav Dash","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1323_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1323_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dapsone-induced hemolysis is well described in the literature, especially in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme deficiency. However, it is reported rarely with normal G6PD levels.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of the study was to describe the association between dapsone and fall in oxygen saturation (SpO2) and hemoglobin after intake of the drug.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All outpatients and inpatients receiving dapsone who presented with breathlessness, fall in SpO2, hemolysis, and fall in hemoglobin were included in the study. Patients who were started on dapsone were asked to measure the SpO2 regularly and observed for any breathlessness. Complete blood count (CBC) and liver function test (LFT) were repeated, and a reticulocyte test was done after 1 week of dapsone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve cases (5 female and 7 male) with a mean age of 47 years, ranging from 22 to 83 years, presented with various dermatological conditions treated with dapsone. SpO2 fell in all cases, of which eight cases developed breathlessness after starting dapsone. Nine cases developed a reduction in hemoglobin (Hb) with increased reticulocyte counts. The mean decrease in Hb was 2.74 mg/dL. LFT was deranged postdapsone in six cases. Dapsone was stopped in all cases, following which Hb level improved, and there was relief of breathlessness with normal SpO2. Confirmation was done by drug provocation with dapsone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baseline CBC and SpO2 with frequent repetition every week, along with reticulocyte count, are essential to look for dapsone induced hemolysis and methemoglobinemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49189,"journal":{"name":"the Indian Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"58 4","pages":"468-471"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice bran extract ameliorates experimental colitis by modulating gut dysbiosis and toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa β signaling.","authors":"Hagar M Shendy, Omneya Galal, Walaa Wadie, Nourtan F Abdeltawab, Amr Helal, Mohamed T Khayyal, Sarah S Mohamed","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1191_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1191_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Gut dysbiosis is widely recognized to serve as crucial role in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This research evaluates the ability of a stabilized rice bran extract (RBE) to modulate positively microbial dysbiosis in an experimentally induced IBD model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Rats were given 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water during a week to cause colitis. RBE was administered to the rats with a daily dosage of 100 mg/kg, 1 week before feeding them with DSS and continued during DSS treatment. Fecal samples were then collected to assess alterations in the chosen microbial phyla, while colon samples were processed for histological and biochemical assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The colonic expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interlukin-17 (IL-17) was significantly elevated when DSS induced colitis, resulting in significant histopathological damage and a decrease in the amount of IL-10. Furthermore, DSS caused the colonic tight junction (TJ) protiens mRNA expression to drop dramatically. All undesirable changes induced by DSS tended to be reversed by RBE. Moreover, RBE beneficially modulated the gut microbiota by restoring various bacteria to their normal levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current research demonstrated the potential protective effect of RBE against colonic inflammation through modulating microbiota dysbiosis, TJ protein dysfunction, and TLR4/NF-κB signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":49189,"journal":{"name":"the Indian Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"58 4","pages":"457-467"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic pathways linking subcutaneous therapies to gastrointestinal adverse effects: A Narrative review of mechanisms and mitigation strategies.","authors":"Alok Singh, Dinesh Yadav, Madhusudan Prasad Singh","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1343_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1343_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>To systematically evaluate the spectrum, mechanisms, and prevention strategies of gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects associated with subcutaneously administered drug therapies across multiple therapeutic classes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for studies published from January 2000 to June 2025. Eligible publications included randomized trials, observational studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and regulatory label data reporting GI adverse effects of subcutaneous therapies. Drug classes analyzed included metabolic and endocrine agents, hematopoietic and bone-active drugs, cytokine modulators, biologic immunotherapies, vaccines, and selected miscellaneous agents. Data were extracted on incidence, clinical manifestations, mechanistic pathways, and mitigation strategies. Subcutaneously administered drugs were consistently associated with a wide range of GI adverse effects, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, and mucosal inflammation. Prominent contributors included glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, insulin analogs, growth factors, cytokine modulators, and biologic therapies. Mechanistic pathways identified included delayed gastric emptying, vagal and enteric nervous system activation, cytokine-mediated epithelial dysfunction, immune activation, and alterations of the gut microbiome. Interindividual variability in metabolic, immunologic, and neurohumoral responses influenced susceptibility. Despite bypassing the GI tract, subcutaneous therapies can induce clinically relevant GI toxicity through systemic neurohormonal, immune, and microbial pathways. Recognition of these mechanisms supports the use of dose titration, administration timing, dietary modification, and prophylactic pharmacotherapy to improve tolerability and treatment adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":49189,"journal":{"name":"the Indian Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"58 4","pages":"307-318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of probiotic supplementation on chemotherapy and radiotherapy-associated diarrhea and quality of life.","authors":"Nikhil Menia, Nancy Khajuria, Seema Gupta, Sucheta Hans, Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_465_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_465_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate whether prophylactic oral Lactobacillus supplementation reduces chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-associated diarrhea and helps preserve quality of life (QoL) in adults starting anticancer treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective two-group observational study included adults (18-75 years) receiving their first cycle of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy at a tertiary cancer center. The Nonprobiotic Group received standard care without probiotics, and the Probiotic Group received standard care plus oral Lactobacillus 60 million colony-forming units twice daily for 6 weeks. Diarrhea was graded using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Use of rescue loperamide, pain on a 10-cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and scores on the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QoL Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) were recorded at baseline and at 6 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred patients completed follow-up (50 per group). At 6 weeks, Grade ≥ 2 diarrhea occurred in 28% of the Nonprobiotic and 4% of the Probiotic Group. Mean diarrhea score was higher without probiotics (1.26 ± 0.49 vs. 0.78 ± 0.51, P < 0.001), and loperamide use was more frequent (44% vs. 24%, P = 0.034). VAS pain scores decreased significantly over time in both groups. Physical functioning at 6 weeks was slightly better in the probiotic group, while other EORTC QLQ-C30 domains were broadly comparable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prophylactic Lactobacillus supplementation was associated with milder treatment-related diarrhoea, reduced rescue loperamide use, and small early gains in physical functioning during chemoradiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49189,"journal":{"name":"the Indian Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"58 4","pages":"369-374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alloimperatorin attenuates lung tumor progression by targeting oxidative stress and nuclear kappa B factor/Nrf2 pathway dysregulation.","authors":"Guolong Xiao, Zuolong Liu, Xiaojin Xie, Qingmin Zeng, Liangzhong Chen","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1353_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1353_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is a potent environmental carcinogen commonly found in cigarette smoke and polluted air, which is strongly associated with the initiation and progression of lung cancer through oxidative stress, inflammation, and dysregulated cell signaling. Alloimperatorin, a bioactive furanocoumarin compound isolated from Angelica dahurica, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer potential. The current study was designed to explore the chemoprotective effect of alloimperatorin against DEN-induced lung cancer in rats and explore the underlying signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Lung carcinogenesis was induced in male Wistar rats via intraperitoneal administration of DEN, and rats received the oral administration of alloimperatorin for 8 weeks. The lung function, body weight, tumor markers, phase I, phase II, polyamine, inflammatory parameters, inflammatory cytokines, and antioxidant enzymes were assessed. Quantitative histopathological analysis and histopathological observation were done in the lung tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alloimperatorin significantly ameliorated the tumor burden, tumor number, mean tumor size, and improved histological architecture. Alloimperatorin ameliorate the level of tumor markers (5'-nucleotidase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, adenosine deaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, Hexosamine, Hexose), hematological parameters (total leucocytes, lymphocytes, total white blood cells count, neutrophils, monocytes, red blood cells counts), pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, L-1β, interleukin 4 [IL-4], IL-6, IL-10, IL-18), inflammatory parameters (cyclooxygenase-2, PGE2, vascular endothelial growth factor, nuclear kappa B factor [NF-κB]), apoptosis (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3) while restoring antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, GSH, malonaldehyde) activities. In addition, it enhanced the level of HO-1 and Nrf2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alloimperatorin ameliorate the lung cancer via alteration of the NF-κB and Nrf2 signalling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":49189,"journal":{"name":"the Indian Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"58 4","pages":"430-441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury in rats via alteration of TLR4/NF-κB, COX-2/PGE2, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CXCL1 signaling pathway.","authors":"Yuan Wang, Qing Gao, Bo Hu, Manli Hu, Chunjuan Chen","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_975_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_975_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute kidney injury (AKI), a quick decline of renal function occurring over hours to days, is defined biochemically as defective filtration, abnormal retention of nitrogenous waste in the blood, and disturbances of replacement metabolism in electrolytes and water. In this study, we examined the renal protective effect of morin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI in the rats and manifested the mechanism involved.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Intraperitoneal administration of LPS (10 mg/kg) was used for the induction of AKI in the rats, and the rats received the oral administration of morin (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg). The body weight, renal weight, and renal index were estimated. Renal parameters, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), antioxidant parameter, indoxyl sulfate, inflammatory cytokines, and inflammatory parameters were estimated. The mRNA expressions were also estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morin treatment improved the body weight and reduced the renal weight and renal index. Morin treatment altered the level of renal parameters (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen [BUN], and albumin); sRAGE, AGEs, antioxidant parameters (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], malonaldehyde, glutathione [GSH], oxidized GSH; indoxyl sulfate [urine, serum, and renal tissue]); inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1 β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-7, IL-10, IL-17, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), interferon γ, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), MCP-1α (MCP-1α), MIP-2, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor); inflammatory parameters (cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2], prostaglandin E2 [PGE2], inducible nitric oxide synthase, transforming growth factor-β, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells [NF-κB]), respectively. Morin treatment altered the mRNA expression of kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), manganese SOD, TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-6, CAT, MCP-1, NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The result clearly showed the renal protective effect of morin against LPS induced AKI via alteration of TLR4/NF-κB, COX-2/PGE2, and MCP-1/CXCL1 signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":49189,"journal":{"name":"the Indian Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"58 4","pages":"350-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}