International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Evidence-Based Interventions for Young Dual Language Learners With or at Risk of Language Impairment: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Yanling Song, Sarah Ohi","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70332","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early intervention professionals, including speech-language pathologists, teachers, and policymakers, face significant challenges in understanding and supporting young dual language learners who have or are at risk of language impairment. The existing research evidence base is fragmented and relatively sparse, and the overall extent and depth of interventions available for different language pairings (the home language and English) remains largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This scoping review maps language interventions for dual language learners aged 3 to 9 years with, or at risk of, language impairment, with attention to intervention type, cultural responsiveness, and evidence of cross-language transfer.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Guided by PRISMA-SCR, four key databases were searched, yielding 29 eligible articles for full-text review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The included articles were comprised of 15 child-based language intervention studies, four caregiver-based intervention studies, six information and communication technology-based intervention studies, and six research reviews. Twenty-one studies focused on Spanish-English dual language learners in the United States. Ten studies incorporated cultural considerations, including home language use, family values, familiar materials, personal narratives, and caregiving routines, while nine reported evidence of cross-language transfer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Transfer was most consistent for vocabulary, cognates, semantic knowledge, and narrative skills, particularly when interventions incorporated children's first language or targeted shared linguistic features across languages. In contrast, English-only interventions showed limited evidence of spontaneous transfer to children's home languages. The findings identify promising principles related to bilingual intervention, caregiver involvement, culturally involvement, culturally responsive practice, and cross-language transfer, while highlighting an urgent need for language-specific intervention research relevant to Australian multilingual contexts.</p><p><strong>What this paper adds: </strong>What is already known on this subject A review of prior research demonstrated the clear lack of intervention research focused on young dual language learners with learning difficulties. English and Spanish were the most commonly studied language pairings. The overall extent and depth of existing interventions for common home languages in Australia (Mandarin, Arabic, Vietnamese, Cantonese, and Italian) and English dual language learners remain unknown. What this paper adds to the existing knowledge This scoping review provides a map of existing interventions for 3-to-9-year-old dual language learners who are with, or at risk of language impairment, highlighting cultural considerations and cross-language transfer in language interventions. The search revealed that there were no intervent","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 5","pages":"e70332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life-Course Access to Speech and Language Therapy: A Rights-Based AAAQ Policy Mapping in Türkiye and Four Comparator Settings.","authors":"Harun Ayas, Müge Müzeyyen Çiyiltepe","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70334","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Access to Speech and Language Therapy (SLT) is often described in terms of whether a service exists. However, formal recognition alone does not ensure that individuals can obtain timely, affordable, coordinated, and sustainable care across the life course. The use of the rights-based Availability, Accessibility, Acceptability, and Quality (AAAQ) framework remains limited in comparative policy research on SLT access. England (UK), Sweden, Australia, and the United States were purposively selected to capture contrasting arrangements in statutory coordination, financial protection, payer structure, and telehealth codification. The objective of this study was to compare how Türkiye and these four settings translate formal SLT entitlement into operational access conditions across the AAAQ dimensions.</p><p><strong>Methods and procedures: </strong>A comparative policy analysis was conducted using a structured document-mapping approach. Primary evidence sources comprised official legislation, statutory instruments, regulations, ministry and agency guidance, reimbursement and coding rules, official standards, and selected official implementation materials. Searches were conducted between 1 June and 20 September 2025, with update verification through 27 November 2025. Twenty-four eligible evidence sources were included. Data were extracted using a standardized form and analysed through directed qualitative content analysis with AAAQ as the deductive framework. Findings were subsequently synthesized across three cross-cutting policy axes: life-course continuity, the education-health interface, and telerehabilitation implementation.</p><p><strong>Outcomes and results: </strong>All five settings recognized SLT as a health benefit, an education entitlement, or both, but differed markedly in how entitlement was translated into implementable access conditions. England (UK) showed the strongest statutory continuity for children and young people through the SEND framework. Official patient-facing and regional sources from Sweden indicated comparatively transparent outpatient fee and high-cost protection arrangements. Australia and the United States illustrated how reimbursement codification and documentation rules can support administrative traceability and tele-enabled delivery. In Türkiye, the main issue was not the absence of normative entitlement, but the extent to which access remained sensitive to dispersed reimbursement definitions, administrative interpretation, less explicit cross-sector procedures, and limited codification of tele-SLT within the reviewed reimbursement architecture.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>Access to SLT should be understood not simply as service presence, but as a system-design issue shaped by financing, documentation, coordination, and quality-governance arrangements. For Türkiye, policy development may depend less on further recognition of SLT-related need and more o","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 5","pages":"e70334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148972094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Concurrent Validity of the Likert-Type Stuttering Severity Scale and the Visual Analog Scale in Turkish-Speaking Adults Who Stutter.","authors":"Ayşe İlayda Mutlu, İlkem Uçal","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70325","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examined the test-retest and inter-rater reliability of non-clinician severity judgments using two brief rating tools-the 11-point Severity Scale (SEV) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)-and evaluated their concurrent validity with clinician-rated Stuttering Severity Instrument-4-Turkish version (SSI-4-TR) scores.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This observational cross-sectional study used speech samples from 15 adults who stutter as stimulus materials. Recordings were evaluated by two speech-language therapists (SLTs) and two independent groups of non-clinician raters (n = 26 per group). SLTs assessed stuttering severity using the SSI-4-TR. One non-clinician group rated severity using a VAS, whereas the other used SEV. All ratings were completed online across three sessions. To examine temporal stability, 30% of the samples were re-rated after a one-week interval.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both tools demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability, with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.997 for the VAS and 0.987 for the SEV. Inter-rater reliability was moderate, with ICC values of 0.656 for the VAS and 0.573 for the SEV. Both scales showed strong positive correlations with SSI-4-TR scores, with correlation coefficients of 0.835 for the VAS and .814 for the SEV (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings indicate that the VAS and SEV demonstrated high test-retest reliability and moderate inter-rater reliability and showed strong associations with SSI-4-TR scores, supporting the use of brief perceptual rating scales as practical screening instruments in large-scale and time-limited clinical and research settings where rapid and resource-efficient assessment is required.</p><p><strong>What this paper adds: </strong>What is already known on this subject Perceptual severity ratings are widely used to estimate stuttering severity in both clinical and research contexts. Likert-type scales have demonstrated acceptable reliability when applied by trained listeners, whereas the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) has shown strong psychometric performance in several perceptual domains such as voice and resonance assessment. However, empirical evidence regarding the reliability and validity of a single-item VAS for evaluating stuttering severity remains limited. In addition, it is not yet clear whether trained non-clinician raters can apply brief perceptual severity scales consistently, particularly when ratings are compared with standardized clinical measures such as the SSI-4. What this study adds to the existing knowledge This study provides novel psychometric evidence comparing an 11-point Likert-type severity scale (SEV) and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for rating stuttering severity using trained non-clinician raters. Both tools demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability, moderate inter-rater reliability, and strong concurrent validity with clinician-rated SSI-4-TR scores. The findings exte","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 5","pages":"e70325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13528866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148867359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Effectiveness of Technology-Based Interventions in Aphasia Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Bader Alhejji, Stuart Cunningham, Samantha Dorney, Rebecca Palmer","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70322","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although speech and language therapy (SLT) is central to post-stroke aphasia rehabilitation, global SLT provision often falls short of recommended dosages. In response, interest has grown in technology-based interventions, including therapy software, virtual reality (VR) and artificial intelligence (AI) tools. However, current evidence for the effectiveness of technology is fragmented, and no recent review offers a comprehensive synthesis across these three modalities.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This review examined the range of technologies used in aphasia assessment and therapy and summarised their effectiveness across different intervention targets. The two research questions were: (1) What types of technology have been investigated for assessing and treating people with aphasia (PWA)? (2) How effective is the use of technology in the assessment and treatment of PWA?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of four databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus) covering the period 2013 to May 2026 identified 67 included studies, of which 14 were randomised controlled trials. Studies reporting quantitative outcomes, were peer-reviewed, and focused on technology-based intervention for PWA were eligible. Quality was appraised using the NICE checklist. The GRADE framework was applied to evaluate certainty of evidence for each intervention target. Findings were then synthesised narratively due to heterogeneity across study designs, and outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three technology types were identified: computerised speech and language therapy (CSLT) (38 studies), VR (17 studies) and AI (13 studies). AI was used predominantly for aphasia assessment and classification. The strongest and most consistent evidence related to word-finding, where high certainty of evidence was supported by multiple RCTs delivering therapy at or above the recommended 20-h threshold. For language production and comprehension, functional communication, and reading, outcomes were more variable, reflecting moderate certainty of evidence, and inconsistent dose adherence. Writing interventions received a low certainty rating, reflecting small samples, limited blinding and task-specific rather than generalised gains. Across domains, higher-dose studies were consistently associated with better outcomes, which may suggest that technology functions primarily as a tool to enable high-intensity practice rather than as an independently effective treatment ingredient.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CSLT, VR and AI tools show promise as adjuncts to face-to-face SLT for aphasia assessment and rehabilitation. Word-finding interventions delivered at recommended doses have the strongest evidence base. Some studies did not use technology to support the recommended therapy dose. For other intervention targets, larger, higher-dose trials are needed. Future research should also examine whether integrating different te","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 5","pages":"e70322"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the OPTIMAL Theory to Optimize Aerodynamics in Respiratory Training for Healthy Adults and Individuals With Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Lyle Tadmor, Avia Gvion, Oshrat Sella Weiss","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70329","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The OPTIMAL (Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention for Learning) theory is a motor learning framework proposing that optimizing intrinsic motivation enhances motor performance and learning. The theory identifies three key components-Enhanced Expectancies (EE), Autonomy Support (AS) and External Focus of Attention (EF)-which facilitate more efficient, goal-directed movement. These components have been shown to improve motor outcomes in limb-based tasks; however, their application to respiratory training, particularly in clinical contexts such as voice and swallowing therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease (pwPD), has not yet been systematically explored.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate whether implementing OPTIMAL theory strategies during a respiratory muscle strength training (RMST) task improves immediate respiratory motor performance in healthy adults and pwPD. Additionally, we aimed to examine the effects of these strategies on motivation and cognitive engagement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quasi-randomized, single-session trial included 47 participants: Healthy CONTROL (n = 17), Healthy OPTIMAL (n = 16) and PD OPTIMAL (n = 14). Healthy participants were quasi-randomly assigned to either intervention or control conditions, whereas pwPD completed the intervention only. All participants completed a single respiratory session that included baseline, practice and retention phases. Outcome measures included peak expiratory flow, cough peak expiratory flow, cognitive engagement (EEG-based Cognitive Engagement Index) and self-administered motivation questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Outcomes and results: </strong>Exhalation force improved from baseline to retention in the Healthy OPTIMAL group (baseline: M = 296 L/min; retention: M = 338 L/min; p < 0.001) and the PD OPTIMAL group (baseline: M = 315 L/min; retention: M = 370 L/min; p < 0.0001), but not in the Healthy CONTROL group (p > 0.05). No significant changes in cough strength were observed in any group. No correlations were found between cognitive engagement and exhalation force or motivation scores. However, motivation increased more in the Healthy OPTIMAL group (Questionnaire 1: M = 57.2; Questionnaire 2: M = 60.7) and the PD OPTIMAL group (Questionnaire 1: M = 60.1; Questionnaire 2: M = 62.8) than in the Healthy CONTROL group (Questionnaire 1: M = 61.1; Questionnaire 2: M = 62.5).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>Implementing the OPTIMAL theory enhances immediate respiratory motor performance in both healthy participants and pwPD. OPTIMAL theory has clinical value in voice and swallowing therapy, although further research is needed to establish long-term efficacy and clinical impact.</p><p><strong>What this paper adds: </strong>What is already known on the subject Motivation is a critical factor in rehabilitation. The OPTIMAL theory has been shown to improve both motivation ","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 5","pages":"e70329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voice Quality in Individuals With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.","authors":"Vanessa Medina, Andrea Baldi de Freitas, Luiz Carlos Rusilo, Jean Carlo Gorinchteyn, Zuleica Antônia Camargo","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70309","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Speech and voice disorders are frequently observed in individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, the literature lacks detailed descriptions of how perceptual and acoustic characteristics manifest in the voice quality profiles of this population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To characterize the voice quality profile of older adults living with AIDS by describing the relationship between perceptual and acoustic voice measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research group (RG) comprised 20 individuals with AIDS, aged 50-60 years, all presenting with lipodystrophy, metabolic conditions including dyslipidemia, and 2-9 years of antiretroviral therapy. The control group (CG) comprised 9 age-matched individuals with metabolic conditions, including dyslipidemia, but without AIDS or antiretroviral therapy. The corpus included semi-spontaneous speech samples and repetitions of three key sentences designed for the perceptual evaluation of voice quality settings (VQS) across the vocal tract, muscular tension, and phonatory domains. For the acoustic analysis, data were processed using a script in the Praat software, which automatically extracted measures of fundamental frequency (f0), intensity, spectral slope, and the long-term average spectrum (LTAS). A preliminary statistical analysis was performed to establish the basis for presenting the results. Among the sociophonetic factors examined, gender emerged as the most influential variable and was included in the multivariate statistical approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated a significant prevalence of vocal tract VQS in the RG, including a retracted and lowered tongue body, pharyngeal constriction, and vocal tract hyperfunction, demonstrating strong discriminative power for classifying RG (98.7%) and CG (98.3%) samples. Acoustic measures showed a lower correlation factor (R<sup>2</sup>: 36.5%) for distinguishing the RG (77.4%) and CG (77.5%) samples. Regarding the relationship between acoustic measures and perceived voice qualities, f0 (particularly for females), LTAS (especially for males), and spectral slope were found to be relevant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vocal tract and tension VQS, together with correlated spectral measures, were relevant in the RG. These findings may reflect the combined functional consequences of long-term antiretroviral therapy, opportunistic diseases, lipodystrophy, and associated metabolic alterations. The results highlight the need for further studies to support the future development of preventive, monitoring, and rehabilitative speech-language pathology strategies during the long-term follow-up of individuals living with AIDS.</p><p><strong>What this paper adds: </strong>What is already known on this subject Research suggests a high prevalence of speech and voice disorders among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, the relationship between perceived ","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 5","pages":"e70309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13536515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Practice Approaches and Opinions of International Speech and Language Therapists in the Assessment and Management of Oropharyngeal Swallowing in Adults on High-flow Nasal Oxygen: A Focus Group Study.","authors":"Andrea Hanratty, Claire Mills","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70333","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Speech language therapists (SLTs) are recognised as key members of the multidisciplinary team in adult critical care and have more recently been assessing and managing swallowing with adults on high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO). HFNO is a non-invasive respiratory support that delivers a stable fraction of inspired oxygen ranging from 0.21 to 1.0 with flow rates of 15-60 litres per min. Despite HFNO being used routinely in critical care and SLTs postulating an effect of HFNO on oropharyngeal swallowing, there is limited evidence and consensus of potential effects in the literature. Subsequently, there are no clear guidelines or practice patterns for managing dysphagia in this patient cohort. There is limited understanding of how SLTs are interpreting and applying the available literature to their practice patterns.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this qualitative study was to explore international SLTs' practice approaches and opinions when assessing and managing oropharyngeal swallowing in adults on HFNO.</p><p><strong>Methods & procedures: </strong>Participants were SLTs with at least two years of experience working in critical care. Three online focus groups consisting of 18 participants from six countries were conducted. The participants were asked about their current practices, opinions, considerations, and perceptions of challenges and opportunities when assessing and managing adults on HFNO. Inductive content analysis was used to analyse the data.</p><p><strong>Outcomes & results: </strong>Six content categories were identified; 'consider the patient individually and holistically', 'types of assessment procedures', 'impact of HFNO on oropharyngeal swallowing', 'considerations when assessing adults on HFNO', 'current knowledge and practice landscape', and 'collaboration and communication'. A further 15 subcategories were derived.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research has identified concerns amongst SLTs that there is a lack of evidence to guide assessment and management of dysphagia in patients receiving HFNO. Research efforts should focus on clarifying how different flow rates impact swallowing function. This would help establish best-practice approaches for screening, assessing, and managing swallowing in patients receiving HFNO.</p><p><strong>What this paper adds: </strong>What is already known on this subject High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) is being used more frequently to treat critically-ill adults, however the impact of HFNO on oropharyngeal swallowing has not been fully established. Speech and language therapists (SLTs) are now routinely integrated into the multidisciplinary team in critical care and assess adults on HFNO. To the authors knowledge, no study has previously explored in-depth the perspectives of critical care SLTs who assess and manage oropharyngeal swallowing in adults on HFNO. What this paper adds to the existing knowledge This is the first qualitative study exploring intern","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 5","pages":"e70333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Caregiver-Mediated Spoken Language Interventions for Children Under Five at Risk of Developmental Language Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Victoria Johnstone-Cooke, Marion Rutherford, Ainuska Sheripkanova, Rachel Hutcheson, Ann Hodson","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70304","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Caregiver-mediated interventions are commonly used by Speech and Language Therapists to support early language development. Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is associated with reduced quality of life throughout the lifespan. Understanding factors that predict intervention success is essential for developing appropriate, cost-effective therapy provision for the approximately 12% of preschool children who present with early markers for Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of caregiver-mediated spoken language interventions for under-fives at risk of DLD, and factors influencing intervention effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Five electronic databases were searched to identify experimental studies comparing caregiver-mediated spoken language interventions to control conditions in under-fives presenting with risk factors for DLD. Risk factors included prematurity, socioeconomic factors, caregiver language development concerns, and formal or informal language screening or assessment scores. Twenty-six experimental studies with 1407 child participants were included in qualitative synthesis. Meta-analysis was performed on nine Randomised Controlled Trials involving 947 children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Effectiveness was examined for outcomes including child language gains, child wellbeing, inclusion and attainment. Meta-analysis indicated a significant effect of caregiver-mediated spoken language interventions on language outcomes compared to treatment-as-usual, non-language intervention or waitlist control conditions. Non-language outcomes were evaluated via qualitative synthesis. Interventions significantly improved language development trajectories for under-fives presenting with risk factors or early markers for DLD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and implications: </strong>This review contributes to the growing evidence base demonstrating that caregiver-mediated interventions can positively impact language development and wellbeing outcomes for children under five at risk of DLD. These findings support the implementation of caregiver-mediated environmental language interventions in clinical practice to maximise accessibility and cost-effectiveness while delivering optimal outcomes for vulnerable populations.</p><p><strong>What this paper adds: </strong>What is already known on this subject Previous research on caregiver-mediated spoken language interventions has highlighted gaps in the evidence regarding the impact of risk factors, demographic characteristics, dosage and intervention components on child language outcomes. Developmental Language Disorder has relatively high population prevalence, estimated at 7%. Prevalence is associated with risk factors including low household socioeconomic status (SES), prematurity and late language emergence. In contrast t","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 5","pages":"e70304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13496101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"'Don't Say \"Fis\" Say \"Fish\" ', 'I Said \"Fis\"': Ethical Considerations in Therapy to Change Child Speech\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70327","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 5","pages":"e70327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Family History of Developmental Stuttering: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Yuto Sato, Mizuki Aoki, Shoko Miyamoto, Daichi Iimura","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70323","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A positive family history is a significant risk factor for developmental stuttering. However, the reported rates of positive family histories are inconsistent across studies, making it difficult to synthesise the findings.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This scoping review aimed to systematically map the literature on family histories of stuttering to clarify the reported stuttering proportions and identify methodological trends and gaps.</p><p><strong>Method & procedures: </strong>We conducted a literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO on 4 February 2025. Two authors independently screened the records in two stages: first by title and abstract, and then by full text.</p><p><strong>Outcomes & results: </strong>We reviewed 19 studies that reported family histories of participants with developmental stuttering. Basic study characteristics such as sample size and country were extracted, and descriptive statistics, including family history rates, were calculated for quantitative data. A key finding was the wide variability in the reported proportion of individuals with a positive family history, ranging from 20.0% to 90.9%. This variability was strongly associated with inconsistencies in methodology, including the scope of relatives considered, the definition of stuttering within the family, and data collection methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions & implications: </strong>This review found that methodological variability appeared to be the primary factor contributing to the wide variation in reported rates in the research on family histories of stuttering. The findings suggest the need for rigorous research approaches to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon.</p><p><strong>What this paper adds: </strong>What is already known on this subject A positive family history is widely recognized as a major risk factor for developmental stuttering, and genetic evidence suggests a strong heritable component. However, reported proportions of individuals with a family history of stuttering vary substantially across studies, making it difficult to synthesize the evidence and interpret findings consistently. What this study adds to the existing knowledge This scoping review systematically mapped 19 studies and revealed that reported rates of positive family history range widely from 20.0% to 90.9%. The review identifies key sources of methodological variability as primary contributors to this inconsistency. These findings highlight the need for greater clarification when defining and assessing family history in stuttering research. What are the potential clinical implications of this study? Clinicians and researchers may benefit from using clearer criteria and consistent reporting frameworks, which could support more accurate risk evaluation and better integration of genetic, epidemiological, and clinical evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 5","pages":"e70323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13528779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148867428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}