Interventional Neuroradiology最新文献

{"title":"2024 middle meningeal artery embolization trials: A comprehensive review of past, recent, and ongoing trials.","authors":"Avi A Gajjar, Ali Naqvi, John Y Chen, Amanda Custozzo, Alan S Boulos, John C Dalfino, Nicholas C Field, Alexandra R Paul","doi":"10.1177/15910199251329970","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15910199251329970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and objectivesMiddle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) has become a pivotal intervention in managing chronic subdural hematomas (cSDHs). This systematic review synthesizes past, recent, and ongoing clinical trials to assess MMAE's role in cSDH treatment.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines, incorporating PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and reverse bibliography searches to identify clinical trials evaluating MMAE for cSDH. Inclusion criteria included randomized and nonrandomized trials reporting outcomes, such as recurrence rates and procedural safety. Case reports, retrospective reviews, and opinion pieces were excluded.ResultsSeven published and 15 ongoing trials were identified. Landmark randomized controlled trials (RCTs), including EMBOLISE, STEM, and MAGIC-MT, demonstrated reductions in hematoma recurrence and surgical rescues with MMAE, establishing its role as both an adjunctive and standalone therapy. Ongoing trials, such as EMPROTECT and CHESS, investigate diverse embolic agents, procedural strategies, and patient populations to optimize MMAE outcomes. However, challenges remain, including variability in patient selection criteria, embolic materials, and endpoints.ConclusionMMAE is an innovative and minimally invasive approach that has reshaped cSDH management. Evidence supports its efficacy and safety as an adjunct to surgery and a potential standalone therapy for select patients. Future research should focus on long-term outcomes, subgroup analyses, and standardization of protocols to further refine its application and integration into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":49174,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"2899-2908"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient vocal cord paralysis after transverse Sinus stenting.","authors":"Ethan A Miller, Abhay Moghekar, Philippe Gailloud","doi":"10.1177/15910199251332399","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15910199251332399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the case of a young woman diagnosed with idiopathic intracranial hypertension, who did not tolerate long-term pharmacologic treatment and was deemed a candidate for transverse sinus stenting (TSS). Following the procedure, she developed transient palsies of the 10th and 11th cranial nerves. She underwent orotracheal examination and brain magnetic resonance imaging, which ruled out a local structural etiology or brainstem pathology. Her symptoms resolved spontaneously and she returned to baseline neurologic functioning within 12 weeks. Her presentation was likely caused by nerve compression in the jugular foramen by the stent delivery system.</p>","PeriodicalId":49174,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"2889-2890"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas presenting as intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage: A systematic review.","authors":"Bridget Nolan, Christian Rajkovic, Galadu Subah, Alis J Dicpinigaitis, Eric Feldstein, Ankita Jain, Eris Spirollari, Ariel Sacknovitz, Ilya Frid, Merritt Kinon, John Wainwright, Chirag D Gandhi, Gurmeen Kaur, Fawaz Al-Mufti","doi":"10.1177/15910199251328721","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15910199251328721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundSpinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are the most common type of spinal arteriovenous malformation. Typically, these malformations present with a wide range of nonspecific symptoms indicative of thoracolumbar myelopathy. However, patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas may rarely present with subarachnoid hemorrhage.MethodsA systematic review of MEDLINE and Embase databases was performed querying for cases of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Patient characteristics and outcomes investigated included spinal level of the fistula, delay of diagnosis, Hunt and Hess grade, interventions, recurrence of the fistula, and postoperative disability. Additionally, we present a unique case in which subarachnoid hemorrhage resulted from a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula that was refractory to multiple endovascular and open surgical interventions.ResultsOf 116 records identified, 45 studies were included comprising 80 patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistula and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The most common locations of the spinal dural arteriovenous fistula were in the cervical spine (57.5%) and at the craniocervical junction (35%). Patients were treated with open surgical ligation (60.0%), endovascular embolization (22.5%), or an open surgical procedure following persistent symptoms after endovascular treatment (10.0%). Overall, the prognoses among the treated patients were favorable with only two reported (2.5%) mortalities. Rates of neurologic recovery were similar when comparing endovascular and open surgical treatment. Endovascular treatment with coil embolization of a C1-C2 spinal dural arteriovenous fistula presenting as subarachnoid hemorrhage is also described.ConclusionSpinal dural arteriovenous fistulas, particularly in the cervical spine, could be considered as a potential etiology for subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with no obvious intracranial cause. Treatment with either open surgery or embolization appears to offer a positive prognosis for both functional and angiographic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49174,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"2698-2708"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12264256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia future aspects: A meta-analysis of clinical features and treatment strategies.","authors":"Nour Shaheen, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Edgar A Samaniego, Panagiotis Mastorakos, Michael Reid Gooch, Pascal Jabbour, Oliver Flouty, Kathleen Dlouhy, Mario Zanaty","doi":"10.1177/15910199251380385","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15910199251380385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDolichoectatic vertebrobasilar fusiform aneurysm (DVBFA) presents a clinical challenge due to its complex anatomical features and associated neurological complications. This meta-analysis evaluates the clinical outcomes of endovascular therapy (EVT), open surgery, and conservative management for DVBFA.MethodsA systematic review of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases on July 18, 2024 was conducted to identify studies reporting on radiologically confirmed DVBFAs. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and mortality rates. Meta-regression was performed to identify potential predictors of treatment outcomes.ResultsTen studies with 219 patients were analyzed. Of the cohort, 58.4% underwent EVT, 24.6% received open surgery, and 16.9% were managed conservatively. The overall proportion of patients achieving a good clinical outcome (mRS < 3) was 46.8%, with EVT showing the highest proportion at 59.4%, compared to 32.3% for open surgery and 24.7% for conservative management (<i>p</i> = 0.0145). The overall mortality rate was 25.98%, with EVT having the lowest mortality rate at 10.06%, followed by open surgery at 44.44% and conservative management at 63.30% (<i>p</i> = 0.0004). Pre- versus post-treatment subgroup analyses, however, did not reveal significant differences between treatment approaches in outcomes.ConclusionEVT appears to provide better clinical outcomes for DVBFAs, though mortality rates remain high across all treatment modalities. The absence of significant differences in subgroup analysis suggests the need for further randomized controlled trials of EVT versus conservative management to establish definitive treatment guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":49174,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"2938-2946"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep venous outflow as a surrogate for collaterals in late-window patients with successful revascularization from the DEFUSE 3 cohort.","authors":"Gautam Adusumilli, Tobias D Faizy, Soren Christensen, Michael Mlynash, Yince Loh, Gregory W Albers, Maarten G Lansberg, Jens Fiehler, Jeremy J Heit","doi":"10.1177/15910199241276905","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15910199241276905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDeep venous outflow (VO) may be an important surrogate marker of collateral blood flow in acute ischemic stroke patients with a large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). Researchers have yet to determine the relationship between deep VO status in late-window patients and imaging measures of collaterals, which are key in preserving tissue.Materials and MethodsWe performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study on a subset of DEFUSE 3 patients recruited across 38 centers between May 2016 and May 2017 who underwent successful thrombectomy revascularization. Internal cerebral vein opacification was scored on a scale of 0-2. This metric was added to the cortical vein opacification score to derive the comprehensive VO (CVO) score from 0 to 8. Patients were stratified by favorable (ICV+) and unfavorable (ICV-) ICV scores, and similarly CVO+ and CVO-. Analyses comparing outcomes were primarily conducted by Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> and χ² tests.ResultsForty-five patients from DEFUSE 3 were scored and dichotomized into CVO+, CVO-, ICV+, and ICV- categories, with comparable demographics. Hypoperfusion intensity ratio, a marker of tissue level collaterals, was significantly worse in the ICV- and CVO- groups (p = 0.005). ICV- alone was also associated with a larger perfusion lesion (138 ml vs 87 ml; p = 0.023). No significant differences were noted in functional and safety outcomes.ConclusionsImpaired deep venous drainage alone may be a marker of poor tissue level collaterals and a greater degree of affected tissue in AIS-LVO patients presenting in the late-window who subsequently undergo successful revascularization.</p>","PeriodicalId":49174,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"2264-2269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety outcomes in endovascular treatment versus best medical management for basilar artery occlusion acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.","authors":"João Victor Sanders, Luma Maria Tavares de Sousa, Ocílio de Deus, Marion Oliver, Raul G Nogueira, Demetrius Lopes, Krishna Joshi","doi":"10.1177/15910199251383070","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15910199251383070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundEndovascular therapy (EVT) improves functional outcomes and reduces mortality in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to basilar artery occlusion (BAO). However, data on hemorrhagic complications and nonneurologic adverse events remain limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess these outcomes in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing EVT versus best medical management (BMM).MethodsWe searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase in December 2024 for RCTs comparing EVT and BMM (PROSPERO registry CRD42024617681). Outcomes included any parenchymal hematoma (PH), PH type 1 and 2, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), systemic/extracranial hemorrhage, pneumonia, and heart failure. Pooled risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model.ResultsFour RCTs, 988 patients (556 EVT, 432 BMM), were included. EVT increased the risk of SAH (RR 5.14; 95% CI [1.35-19.56]; I² = 0.0%) and PH type 2 (RR 5.53; 95% CI [1.47-20.84]; I² = 0.0%) compared to BMM. No significant differences were observed for any PH (RR 1.91; 95% CI [0.92-3.97]; I² = 0.0%), PH type 1 (RR 0.71; 95% CI [0.22-2.29]; I² = 3.4%), systemic/extracranial hemorrhage (RR 1.06; 95% CI [0.71-1.60]; I² = 12.2%), pneumonia (RR 1.00; 95% CI [0.83-1.21]; I² = 0.0%), or heart failure (RR 2.00; 95% CI [0.34-11.92]; I² = 55.4%).ConclusionIn patients with BAO AIS, EVT is associated with an increased risk of SAH and PH type 2 compared with BMM. There was no significant difference in any PH, PH type 1, systemic/extracranial hemorrhage, pneumonia, and heart failure between groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":49174,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"2764-2771"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12484051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognition of dural to pial supply in high-grade dural arteriovenous fistula: A technical note.","authors":"Shigeta Miyake, Tze Phei Kee, Ivan Radovanovic, Karel Terbrugge, Timo Krings, Eef Jacobus Hendriks","doi":"10.1177/15910199241272596","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15910199241272596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-grade dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are known to demonstrate classical dural supply and can demonstrate pre-existing dural supply and 'pure' arterial supply from pial branches. The latter two are examples of congenital versus acquired pial to dural shunting, respectively. We describe the recognition of dural to pial supply during combined transarterial and transvenous embolization of a high-grade DAVF with holocephalic venous reflux, stressing the importance of careful assessment of this condition with micro catheter injections.</p>","PeriodicalId":49174,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"2874-2879"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrospinal fluid venous fistula causing spontaneous intracranial hypotension resulting in venous sinus thrombosis and coma.","authors":"Timothy G White, Justin Turpin, Miriam Shao, Jared B Bassett, Christina Baris, Richard B Libman, Athos Patsalides","doi":"10.1177/15910199241272582","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15910199241272582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulas have recently been recognized as a cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), predominantly presenting with headaches, especially positional headaches. Atypical presentations like tinnitus and cranial nerve symptoms have also been reported. SIH has been linked to venous sinus thrombosis; however, to our knowledge, no prior cases describe a CSF venous fistula causing SIH that leads to cerebral venous thrombosis and coma. We report a patient who developed progressive venous sinus thrombosis, leading to coma, and was found to have low intracranial pressure indicative of SIH. Invasive monitoring and imaging confirmed the low intracranial pressure, prompting a dynamic myelogram that revealed a T2/3 CSF venous fistula. The patient underwent transvenous embolization of the fistula, which resulted in the resolution of symptoms and almost immediate improvement in both venous thrombosis and intracranial hypotension. CSF venous fistulae as a cause of SIH is a recently recognized entity, with ongoing research into its treatment through transvenous embolization. Most documented cases focus on patients with headaches. This case highlights a novel presentation, emphasizing the importance of thorough diagnostic workup in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis. Early detection and treatment of this condition can lead to significant clinical improvement, including the resolution of coma.</p>","PeriodicalId":49174,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"2843-2847"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring arteriovenous malformations patient sentiments through 1401 social media posts.","authors":"Avi A Gajjar, Georgios S Sioutas, Antonio Corral-Tarbay, Mohamed M Salem, Saarang Patel, Visish M Srinivasan, Brian T Jankowitz, Jan-Karl Burkhardt","doi":"10.1177/15910199241272621","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15910199241272621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionSocial media has allowed patients with rare diseases to connect and discuss their experiences with others online. This study analyzed various social media platforms to better understand the patient's perception of arteriovenous malformation.MethodsTwitter, Instagram, and TikTok were searched to find posts about patients' experiences with arteriovenous malformations (AVM). Posts unrelated to the patient's experience were excluded. Posts were coded for the relevant themes related to their experience with the disease, as well as engagement, and gender.ResultsThe most common theme was raising awareness about the condition (87.0%). Recounting symptoms (50.2%), spreading positivity (17.5%), and survival (8.3%) were other common themes. Other prevalent themes were pain (5.2%) and fear of a rare disease (3.5%). Approximately half of AVM-related Instagram (47.93%) and TikTok (52.94%) posts raised awareness about the condition. Most Instagram (67.75%) and TikTok (89.71%) posts focused on recovery and rehabilitation. Most TikTok posts discussed \"survival\" or \"death\" (57.35%), while the majority focused on spreading positivity (79.41%). Most posts were made by women (69.6%). Females were more likely than males to post about the scientific explanation of AVMs (<i>p</i> = 0.003).ConclusionSocial media allows patients across the country and the globe to discuss their experiences with uncommon diseases and connect with others. It also allows AVM patients to share their experiences with other patients and the public.</p>","PeriodicalId":49174,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"2322-2327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the distal vasculature: Challenges and lessons learned from failed Thrombectomy trials.","authors":"Peter B Sporns, Mohammad Almohammad, Jens Minnerup, Thi Dan Linh Nguyen-Kim, Jens Fiehler, Lars Timmermann, André Kemmling","doi":"10.1177/15910199251365526","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15910199251365526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundWhile endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is firmly established for large vessel occlusion stroke, recent enthusiasm for extending EVT to distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) has been tempered by the neutral results of three major randomized controlled trials: DISTAL, ESCAPE-MeVO, and DISCOUNT.ObjectiveTo critically examine why EVT failed to demonstrate benefit in DMVO trials, assess the associated procedural and clinical challenges, and explore potential future directions for safe and effective treatment in distal cerebrovascular territories.MethodsThis review synthesizes the key findings of recent DMVO thrombectomy trials and contextualizes them within the anatomical, technical, and clinical limitations specific to distal interventions. It further highlights innovations of devices and distal EVT techniques as possible solutions.FindingsThe trials showed no functional benefit of EVT over best medical therapy for unselected DMVO patients and raised safety concerns, including partially increased rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality in the EVT arms. Contributing factors include the fragility and tortuosity of distal vessels, suboptimal device compatibility, variability in operator experience, and potential limitations in imaging and patient selection. Preliminary data suggest that refined techniques may mitigate risks in very distal occlusions.ConclusionsRoutine EVT for DMVO stroke cannot be recommended based on current evidence. Future research must prioritize patient stratification, dedicated distal devices, and procedural innovation to safely extend thrombectomy into distal territories.</p>","PeriodicalId":49174,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":"2924-2929"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12354391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}