Journal of Fluency Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Supporting teachers of students who clutter: Development of a handout for effective classroom strategies","authors":"Susanne Cook","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to assess teachers' existing knowledge of cluttering and to identify strategies they can use to support students who clutter.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Ten high school teachers, including both general education and special education teachers, participated in the study. A mixed-methods approach was used to explore their awareness, knowledge and needs related to supporting students who clutter.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Teachers already implement some effective strategies for students who clutter but expressed a clear need for more information about cluttering. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses indicated that teachers are open to collaborating with SLPs. They expressed a preference for having an SLP observe the student, demonstrate strategies, and provide a concise handout with information about cluttering and practical classroom strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is an ongoing need to raise awareness and knowledge about cluttering among teachers. A handout has been developed which serves as a valuable resource for SLPs and teachers to address this need.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative comparison of stuttering experiences in Chinese and Japanese higher education","authors":"Chengqi He ,&nbsp;Kazunori Takeda ,&nbsp;Yu-an Chen ,&nbsp;Xinyi Yang ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Huang ,&nbsp;Mizuki Aoki ,&nbsp;Shoko Miyamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This qualitative study explored students’ stuttering experiences in Chinese and Japanese universities, highlighting and comparing the unique challenges faced by Chinese and Japanese students who stutter (SWS) in higher education settings.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A total of 11 Chinese and 11 Japanese undergraduate SWS participants were involved in this study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews grounded in the ICF model, focusing on the functional aspects of stuttering, personal and environmental factors, and student activities and participation in university life. Interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis with NVivo software to identify overarching themes and subthemes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Reflexive thematic analysis revealed five overarching themes: communication barriers, psychological experiences and coping strategies, public attitudes on campus, limitations of university support services, and expectations regarding university support. Both groups faced communication barriers across academic, social, and career development contexts. Regarding personal factors, both groups expressed negative emotional reactions, particularly challenges in accepting their stuttering. Both groups reported limited university support, with Chinese SWS seeking more specialized counseling, and Japanese SWS expressing a desire for increased awareness of stuttering.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights how cultural and societal norms shape the stuttering experiences of university students in China and Japan, which were often described in negative terms. These findings underscore the need for culturally responsive, individualized interventions that move beyond the simplistic 'individualism–collectivism' dichotomy and more effectively address the complex needs of SWS in East Asian contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left thalamic deep brain stimulation for persistent developmental stuttering","authors":"Christian A. Kell ,&nbsp;Nils Warneke ,&nbsp;Verena Zentsch ,&nbsp;Johannes Kasper ,&nbsp;Melanie Vauth-Weidig ,&nbsp;Tobias Warnecke ,&nbsp;Katrin Neumann","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and purpose</h3><div>Persistent developmental stuttering is a frequent speech fluency disorder that can considerably reduce quality of life. Because available therapies do not always provide satisfying results, new therapeutic approaches are needed. The anomalous cerebral speech network in persons who stutter provides substrate for neuromodulation. We report here the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation (DBS) used for the first time to treat stuttering.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 24-year-old male who stuttered severely since childhood received chronic left ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus electrical stimulation following a patient- and examiners-blinded two-year stimulation protocol. Stuttering frequency was determined as percent stuttered syllables and stuttering severity using the Stuttering Severity Instrument – 4th edition (SSI-4). The Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering – Adults (OASES-A) questionnaire quantified the patient’s self-evaluated experience of stuttering and quality of life.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average stuttering frequency decreased by 46 % postoperatively and the stuttering severity by 29 %. The maximal achieved reduction of stuttering frequency was 62 % and of stuttering severity 39 %; self-assessment of stuttering improved by 38 %. Stuttering frequency was negatively associated with DBS stimulation frequency, demonstrating a biological stimulation effect beyond any potential placebo effects. Stuttering responded to stimulation parameter changes with a lag of several weeks, pointing to a rather slow modulatory than direct suppressive effect of deep brain stimulation on stuttering.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results suggest deep brain stimulation as a new treatment option for severe stuttering and warrant further systematic exploration in a series of people who stutter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between therapy and reality: A lived-experience analysis of the priorities, progress and barriers in stuttering management","authors":"Manal Alatawi,&nbsp;Judith Good","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While numerous therapeutic approaches have been developed to assist people who stutter (PWS) in managing their condition, these interventions have been shaped by researchers’ and speech-language pathologists’ perspectives, showing limited effectiveness and long-term impact. Moreover, they often overlook PWS’ lived realities, including their challenges, priorities, and values. This study explores the lived experiences of adults who stutter, providing insights into their priorities, needs, challenges, and perspectives to inform person-centred therapeutic practices. Nineteen adults who stutter, from diverse countries and cultural backgrounds, and with varying experiences with stuttering management, participated in this study. Using convenience and purposive sampling, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. The collected data were analysed through reflexive thematic analysis. The findings revealed the self-perpetuating cycle of fear and avoidance as the core disabling experience of stuttering, restricting meaningful engagement across emotional, cognitive, social, and professional domains. Participants emphasised that breaking this cycle requires proactive self-acceptance, integrating stuttering modification, desensitisation, and non-verbal communication strategies to foster effective communication. However, sustaining progress was hindered by time limitations, inadequate support, and the misalignment of therapy models with real-world needs—particularly those that overlook the fluency trap. Many participants viewed avoidance, rather than stuttering disfluency, as their main concern, thereby highlighting the need for therapeutic approaches that prioritise psychological resilience over fluency. These findings underscore the need for a person-centred approach in stuttering research and therapy, ensuring tailored interventions that are holistic yet structured, goal-oriented, and coherent, where different therapeutic goals complement rather than contradict each other, aligning with PWS’ lived realities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of mental health on sleep in children who stutter","authors":"Sandra Merlo ,&nbsp;Patrick M. Briley","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Previous studies have suggested that sleep problems are common among children who stutter (CWS). However, the influence of mental health concerns on the sleep of CWS has yet to be investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>American data from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed. The sample included 155 CWS and 8547 controls from 6 to 17 years of age. Parents/caregivers reported whether or not children frequently had depression, felt anxious/nervous/worried, or felt stressed in the past 12 months. In addition, parents/caregivers answered if children regularly had insomnia/trouble sleeping, excessive sleepiness during the day, or fatigue during the day in the past 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mental health concerns were prevalent among CWS, with 38.4 % having at least one concern, compared to 13.1 % of controls (p &lt; .001). Sleep problems were also prevalent among CWS, with 28.0 % having at least one problem, compared to 11.4 % of controls (p &lt; .001). The subgroup of CWS with at least one mental health concern was at greater odds of sleep problems (p &lt; .001), with a large effect size, controlling for demographic, neurodevelopmental, and allergies/asthma variables.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The bidirectional relationship between mental health concerns and sleep problems is discussed. Current population-based findings on sleep in CWS are integrated with those previously reported regarding neurodevelopmental disorders and allergies/asthma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Stage-1 trial of a hybrid speech-focused treatment for stuttering delivered in a non-residential semi-intensive format","authors":"Jessica Smith ,&nbsp;Charlotte King ,&nbsp;Nathan D. Maxfield","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>From 1981–1999, Pat Richard Sacco directed a residential, highly intensive, group, hybrid speech-focused treatment program for stuttering, five weeks in duration, which yielded significant reductions in stuttering and improved communication attitude. However, this model is costly, which may be a barrier to treatment. The aim of this study was to document preliminary outcomes of a three-week, non-residential, semi-intensive version of the program.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Using a single subject, multiple-baseline, stacked AB design featuring three participants who stutter (two adults, one adolescent), baseline speech (monologue, read-aloud) was compared with speech following three treatment phases (stuttering exposure, stuttering modification, speech stabilization) for frequency of primary and secondary stuttering behaviors and speech rate. Ratings of speech naturalness were collected from listeners with no training in speech-language pathology. Finally, participant impressions of the treatment program and treatment impacts were gathered from graduation speeches.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Relative to baseline speech, by the end of treatment: a) frequency of primary and secondary stuttering behaviors decreased to zero or near-zero for all participants, b) speech rate increased for one participant and decreased in one or both speaking tasks for two participants, and c) speech was produced with near-typical naturalness. Participants endorsed increased knowledge and confidence, sense of community, and speech-related behavioral changes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The treatment reduced stuttering and changed speech rate, improved speech naturalness, and drove other acute perceived benefits in all participants. Additional research is warranted to document outcomes more comprehensively, on a larger scale, over the longer term, possibly with refinements for improving outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating two phonological subtypes of stuttering in Japanese adults: A vowel–consonant perspective","authors":"Gen Kusaka ,&nbsp;Shogo Kajimura","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stuttering is influenced by various linguistic factors, one of which is whether a word begins with a vowel or a consonant. In many languages, including English, consonant-initial words are more likely to elicit stuttering, and individuals who stutter more frequently on vowel-initial words are relatively rare. However, in Japanese, individuals who tend to stutter more on vowel-initial words are frequently observed. This study aimed to clarify these inconsistencies by exploring whether subtypes exist among Japanese speakers who stutter, characterized by vowel- or consonant-oriented difficulty. Fifteen adults who self-identified as people who stutter each read 190 nonword stimuli controlled for word length and familiarity, rating their stuttering severity on a 4-point scale after each trial. A hierarchical cluster analysis of stuttering severity across 19 different word-initial sounds revealed two distinct clusters: one primarily prone to consonant-initial stuttering (Cluster C) and another prone to vowel-initial stuttering (Cluster V). Subsequently, a multilevel ordinal logistic regression model examined the effects of various phonological features. Nasal consonants were associated with reduced stuttering severity in both clusters, whereas features such as consonantal and glottal factors were linked to increased severity only in Cluster C. These results suggest that dividing participants into vowel- and consonant-prone subtypes can reconcile previous contradictory findings regarding the role of initial sounds in Japanese stuttering. Recognizing these subtypes may be critical for future research and clinical interventions, as it underscores the need to consider individualized phonological sensitivities when investigating and treating stuttering in Japanese and potentially other languages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144516905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desensitizing parents of preschool children who stutter: The effect on attitudes and anxiety of both children and parents","authors":"Ayhan Çağlayan ,&nbsp;Eren Balo ,&nbsp;İlknur Maviş","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate if preschool children’s communication attitudes and speech behaviors, and their parents’ feelings and attitudes towards stuttering, overall parenting attitudes, and anxiety levels differ after desensitizing the parents to stuttering.</div></div><div><h3>Material and Methods</h3><div>20 preschool children who stutter (CWS) and their parents participated in the study. Employing one-group pre-test–post-test experimental design, the research data were collected before the therapy, immediately after the therapy, and three months post-therapy for follow-up. The mothers and fathers completed the Turkish version of ‘‘Stuttering-Parental Diagnostic Questionnaire”, “Parental Attitude Scale”, and “The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory”, while the children were administered “Turkish Communication Attitude Test for Preschool and Kindergarten Children Who Stutter”. The therapy was carried out across 8 weeks and 10 sessions in total only with the parents. For statistical analysis, independent <em>t</em>-test was used for the difference between two independent groups, and repeated measures analysis of variance was utilized to compare pre, post and follow-up data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following the desensitization therapy applied to the parents, statistically significant positive improvements were observed in children’s communication attitudes and speech behaviors and in parents’ feelings and attitudes towards stuttering. Based on the 4 types of parenting styles (Karabulut Demir &amp; Şendil, 2008), the parents exhibited significantly more democratic and less authoritarian, less overprotective, and less permissive attitudes. The decrease in the overall anxiety levels of the parents was also statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Desensitizing parents to stuttering was effective for the management of stuttering during preschool years for both parties— the parents and their children</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative investigation of how stutterers perceive social interactions","authors":"Courtney Luckman,&nbsp;Eric S. Jackson","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to examine the social perceptions that stutterers hold about their communication partners with the goal of understanding why some situations are more challenging for stutterers than others.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Fifteen adults who stutter were interviewed for one hour each to explore their perceptions and evaluations of their listeners. The interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants expressed uncertainty about how their listeners would respond to their stuttering. Many reported feeling more discomfort when stuttering around unfamiliar communication partners due to concerns about making a negative first impression. All participants felt judged due to their stuttering, and many experienced pressure to be fluent. Meta-perceptions of communication partners played a crucial role in determining how difficult the social interaction was perceived to be.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the challenges adults who stutter may face in social situations, revealing the nuanced complexities of stuttering within social interactions. It highlights the significant impact of listener behavior and stutterers’ meta-perceptions on stuttering events. These findings provide a rich analysis of how stutterers interpret social interactions and can form the basis of quantitative investigations into how social perceptions are related to stuttering events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring employers’ beliefs, reactions, and knowledge regarding people who stutter","authors":"Megan M. Young ,&nbsp;Courtney T. Byrd","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Vocational role entrapment and employment disparities have been well documented in adults who stutter. Employers’ understanding of and attitudes toward stuttering may contribute, at least, in part, to these inequities. The primary purpose of this study was to expand prior research by exploring employers’ beliefs, reactions, and knowledge regarding people who stutter. A secondary purpose was to determine the influence of age, gender, racial and ethnic background, and/or familiarity with a person who stutters on employers’ attitudes (i.e., beliefs and reactions).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A sample of 331 employers from the six largest employment sectors in the U.S. participated in the study. To assess knowledge and attitudes toward stuttering, respondents completed the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes-Stuttering (POSHA-S; St. Louis, 2011)<em>.</em> Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most employers reported knowing nothing to very little about stuttering. Additionally, many were unsure about the veracity of common stuttering stereotypes relating to personality traits and etiology. Race and ethnicity, gender, and familiarity with a person who stutters were significant predictors of employers’ attitudes toward people who stutter.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Employers’ misunderstandings of stuttering may perpetuate ableism and contribute to employment disparities impacting adults who stutter. Findings reveal a critical need for education and training for hiring professionals in the United States.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}