Journal of Fluency Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Jordanian healthcare workers’ attitudes toward stuttering and people who stutter","authors":"Khalid G. Al-Shdifat ,&nbsp;Shahed M. Fuda ,&nbsp;Mahmoud T. Alwidyan","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Studies that have the attitudes of healthcare workers toward stuttering and people who stutter (PWS) in different parts of the world and in Jordan mainly focused on SLPs. However, no studies have examined Jordanian healthcare workers’ attitudes in general. Aim: This study explored the attitudes of Jordanian healthcare workers toward stuttering and PWS using the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes-Stuttering (POSHA-S) and compared them to each other and to people on the POSHA-S database, people from the same culture (i.e., Middle Eastern) and Jordan. Methods: 241 healthcare workers in Jordan were invited to answer the Arabic version of the POSHA-S online. They were divided into six groups, i.e., doctors, pharmacists, speech-language pathologists (SLPs), occupational and physical therapists (OTs and PTs), nurses, and other health professionals. ANOVA and post hoc tests were utilized to analyze the data. Results: The overall stuttering score for the whole sample of the study was relatively low compared to the POSHA-S database, but slightly positively higher than the scores of the general population from the same culture and Jordan. SLPs and OTs and PTs had the highest overall stuttering scores. Group mean differences were significant between SLPs and the other groups. Conclusions: Jordanian healthcare workers had low positive attitudes toward stuttering and PWS. SLPs’ higher positive attitudes than the rest of the healthcare workers might reflect their training and knowledge gained through working with PWS. However, there is still a need to raise awareness and knowledge about stuttering among all healthcare workers in Jordan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-induced stuttering: A case study","authors":"Thales De Nardo ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Minton","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 26-year-old female presented with an onset of severe stuttering four days after taking the medications Gabapentin and Lexapro. Gabapentin has been associated with acquired stuttering previously but, unlike previous cases, the stutter persisted for years after the discontinuation of the drug. Neurological and motor speech exams were normal aside from stuttering. The patient did not respond to fluency shaping strategies. Speech therapy focused on reducing secondary behaviors, affective, and cognitive aspects related to stuttering and was successful in improving cognitive, affective, quality of life, and stuttering severity measures. This case study supports the use of therapy procedures that focuses on factors beyond speech fluency in the treatment of acquired stuttering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between therapy and reality: A lived-experience analysis of the priorities, progress and barriers in stuttering management","authors":"Manal Alatawi,&nbsp;Judith Good","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While numerous therapeutic approaches have been developed to assist people who stutter (PWS) in managing their condition, these interventions have been shaped by researchers’ and speech-language pathologists’ perspectives, showing limited effectiveness and long-term impact. Moreover, they often overlook PWS’ lived realities, including their challenges, priorities, and values. This study explores the lived experiences of adults who stutter, providing insights into their priorities, needs, challenges, and perspectives to inform person-centred therapeutic practices. Nineteen adults who stutter, from diverse countries and cultural backgrounds, and with varying experiences with stuttering management, participated in this study. Using convenience and purposive sampling, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. The collected data were analysed through reflexive thematic analysis. The findings revealed the self-perpetuating cycle of fear and avoidance as the core disabling experience of stuttering, restricting meaningful engagement across emotional, cognitive, social, and professional domains. Participants emphasised that breaking this cycle requires proactive self-acceptance, integrating stuttering modification, desensitisation, and non-verbal communication strategies to foster effective communication. However, sustaining progress was hindered by time limitations, inadequate support, and the misalignment of therapy models with real-world needs—particularly those that overlook the fluency trap. Many participants viewed avoidance, rather than stuttering disfluency, as their main concern, thereby highlighting the need for therapeutic approaches that prioritise psychological resilience over fluency. These findings underscore the need for a person-centred approach in stuttering research and therapy, ensuring tailored interventions that are holistic yet structured, goal-oriented, and coherent, where different therapeutic goals complement rather than contradict each other, aligning with PWS’ lived realities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 106126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring employers’ beliefs, reactions, and knowledge regarding people who stutter","authors":"Megan M. Young ,&nbsp;Courtney T. Byrd","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Vocational role entrapment and employment disparities have been well documented in adults who stutter. Employers’ understanding of and attitudes toward stuttering may contribute, at least, in part, to these inequities. The primary purpose of this study was to expand prior research by exploring employers’ beliefs, reactions, and knowledge regarding people who stutter. A secondary purpose was to determine the influence of age, gender, racial and ethnic background, and/or familiarity with a person who stutters on employers’ attitudes (i.e., beliefs and reactions).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A sample of 331 employers from the six largest employment sectors in the U.S. participated in the study. To assess knowledge and attitudes toward stuttering, respondents completed the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes-Stuttering (POSHA-S; St. Louis, 2011)<em>.</em> Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most employers reported knowing nothing to very little about stuttering. Additionally, many were unsure about the veracity of common stuttering stereotypes relating to personality traits and etiology. Race and ethnicity, gender, and familiarity with a person who stutters were significant predictors of employers’ attitudes toward people who stutter.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Employers’ misunderstandings of stuttering may perpetuate ableism and contribute to employment disparities impacting adults who stutter. Findings reveal a critical need for education and training for hiring professionals in the United States.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parents recounting their journey with stuttering: A preliminary exploration of experiences and adaptation","authors":"Sadaf Salehi,&nbsp;Derek E. Daniels","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Parents' attitudes and emotions toward stuttering have the potential to impact their reactions to their child's speech. Many parents lack sufficient knowledge about stuttering, which often leads to guilt, uncertainty, and helplessness when their child begins to stutter. However, these experiences may evolve later. This study aimed to explore parents' experiences, as well as their reflections on how these experiences have changed since the onset.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 5 parents of individuals who stutter, and 9 other parents chose to complete an anonymous online survey with similar questions. Content analysis was used to identify patterns in parents’ experiences, and thematic analysis was used to delineate the components of their change and adaptation process.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four main themes emerged: 1) dynamic emotions of parents, reflecting the fluctuating feelings parents experienced; 2) social compromises, where parents made sacrifices because of their child’s stuttering; 3) proactive and protective parenting, involving efforts to support and protect their child; and 4) beyond stuttering, emphasizing the recognition of the child's strengths. Furthermore, a preliminary framework was developed to describe parents' process of adaptation, encompassing six components: emotional struggles, concern and uncertainty, transition to action, seeking support and education, preparation and empowerment, and acceptance. These components were experienced in a non-linear fashion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study enhances our understanding of the socio-emotional journey that parents undergo in relation to their child's stuttering. The findings highlight the need for interventions that support both the child and the family and address the challenges parents face.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment and treatment of acquired stuttering: A single subject study","authors":"Wallis Grout-Brown ,&nbsp;Catherine Theys","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Acquired stuttering typically has an onset in adulthood and can be neurogenic or functional (DSM-5)/dissociative (ICD-11) in nature. Differential diagnosis may not always be straightforward. Unfortunately, there is a lack of systematic prospective research providing detailed assessment and treatment information in this area. This single subject case study provides a detailed overview of the assessment and diagnostic process followed with a client referred with acquired stuttering, treatment techniques used and their outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This single case study involved a client with a 9-month history of acquired</div><div>stuttering who participated in 2 baseline assessment sessions followed by 8 treatment</div><div>sessions over two weeks. Treatment was tailored to the needs of the participant and based on assessment findings indicating fluency improvements during singing. Five follow up sessions were held in the 6 months post-treatment to monitor progress and maintenance. Speech disfluencies were coded, and questionnaires were used to assess impact of stuttering.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Baseline assessment results supported a diagnosis of acquired functional stuttering. Following treatment, the frequency of syllables stuttered reduced in all speech tasks: conversation, picture description and reading. The participant regained previous natural fluency, showed overall quality of life improvements and was able to resume work shortly after treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This acquired functional stuttering report showed that while initial differential diagnosis may be difficult, comprehensive assessment facilitates this process and may guide treatment decisions. Treatment led to a regain of previous fluency and a significant improvement in quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phenomenological exploration of the contextual variability of stuttering","authors":"Amanda Ortiz-Alvarez ,&nbsp;Richard Arenas","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>It is well documented that stuttering is contextually variable, as its frequency and duration can vary widely across contexts and emerge from interactions across internal and external factors (i.e., corresponding to the speaker and communication contexts in which a speaker may find themselves, respectively). While much of the previous literature has described contextual variability from listeners' vantage points, there is scant research capturing speaker-centered perspectives. As such, this study explored the beliefs and experiences of 10 people who stutter (PWS) regarding: a) how their stuttering varies; b) potential contributors to its variability; and c) how stuttering variability can impact quality of life.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ten PWS participated in phenomenological interviews to discuss their lived experiences of stuttering. Analyses of interviews yielded experiential themes and corresponding subthemes encompassing unique and shared insights across participants.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants' depictions of contextual variability revealed four broad experiential themes: \"randomness and cyclical patterns of stuttering,\" \"internal state factors,\" \"specific cues,\" and \"perceived judgment within social contexts.\"</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current investigation highlighted various factors that participants felt were associated with stuttering variability based on their lived experiences. Notably, alignment of several findings (e.g., saliency of perceived judgement) with previous conceptualizations of stuttering variability (e.g., concern for social approval) yielded descriptions grounded within speakers’ perspectives that contextualized prevailing (i.e., listener-oriented) narratives of stuttering which have been historically dominant across therapy and research. Thus, results from the present study underscored the vital importance of accounting for lived experiences to advance our current understanding of stuttering and contextual variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working memory capacity and rumination in adults who stutter","authors":"Geoffrey A. Coalson ,&nbsp;Robyn Croft ,&nbsp;Courtney T. Byrd","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Difficulty discarding irrelevant negative stimuli activated in working memory has been linked to increased rumination. Adults who stutter (AWS) report (a) rumination about communication events, and (b) difficulties during tasks that require manipulation of information held in working memory compared to non-stuttering adults (AWNS). Given the link between rumination and working memory, this study examined whether AWS discard negative stimuli faster or slower compared to AWNS, and whether speed of discarding negative information is linked to generalized rumination.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>To assess the relationship between working memory and rumination, 26 participants (14 AWS, 12 AWNS) completed a version of the Modified Sternberg Task. Participants first memorized wordlists with positive or negative emotional valence. Participants were then cued to recall a specific wordlist, followed by a prompt word that either matched or conflicted with the wordlist. Manual response latency was compared between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>AWS and AWNS exhibit comparable speed when discarding irrelevant stimuli, with both groups slower to discard negative rather than positive irrelevant stimuli. Latency of discarding negative information was not associated with self-reported rumination in AWS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Preliminary data indicate no differences in the rate at which AWS and AWNS regulate negative stimuli. Additionally, rumination does not appear to be uniquely associated with the speed at which negative information is discarded. Further research is warranted to determine what role, if any, working memory has in the repetitive negative thinking reported by some, but not all, individuals who stutter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences and therapy expectations of parents of preschool children who stutter","authors":"Havva Nur Yırtık ,&nbsp;Nurdan Cankuvvet","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Purpose:</em> The study aimed to inquire about the experiences and therapy expectations of parents of preschool children who stutter in Türkiye. <em>Methods:</em> This qualitative research used a phenomenological design. Eight parents (four mothers and four fathers) of preschool children (between 4 and 6 years) who stutter participated in the study. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed via thematic analysis. <em>Results:</em> Analysis of data resulted in four main themes and nine sub-themes. The findings showed that children and their parents had been adversely affected by stuttering before therapy. The parents may unintentionally engage in behaviors such as interrupting, finishing sentences, or pressuring their child to speak fluently; had limited knowledge about stuttering; and consulted information sources other than speech and language pathologists before therapy. During therapy, the adverse effects of stuttering on parents decreased; parental attitudes changed; and parents’ knowledge about stuttering increased. Parents expected that therapy would reduce the adverse impacts of stuttering during therapy, to obtain accurate information, and to see a quality interaction between speech and language pathologists and their children. <em>Conclusion:</em> The study reveals that therapy process transforms parents' negative experiences and corrects the inaccuracies in their knowledge about stuttering. The research highlights the importance of considering parents' experiences and expectations, as well as the cultural background of families when conducting therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkish adaptation of the palin parent rating scales: A validity and reliability assessment","authors":"M. Emrah Cangi ,&nbsp;Nihal Aydin ,&nbsp;Sharon K. Millard","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The Palin Parent Rating Scales (Palin PRS) is a standardized tool designed to measure (1) the impact of stuttering on a child, (2) the severity of stuttering and its impact on parents, and (3) parents' knowledge about stuttering and their confidence in managing it. This study examines the validity and reliability of the Turkish adaptation of the scale.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants included 193 parents of 118 children who stutter aged 3;0–14;1 years. Analyses included confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), item response theory using the graded response model, internal consistency analyses (Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and Guttman's lambda), composite reliability, and test-retest reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The CFA supported the scale’s original structure and validated the model after reordering three item pairs within the factors, with the final model showing acceptable fit indices (χ² = 387.78, χ²/df = 2.67, <em>p</em> &lt; .01; IFI =.91; CFI =.90, and RMSEA =.09). The results supported measurement invariance between mothers and fathers, with values from .71 to 6.44. Composite reliability values ranging from .82 to.92 provided evidence of convergent validity. Reliability coefficients were satisfactory (≥.83), and test-retest results confirmed temporal stability (<em>r</em> = .64–.72).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results of the psychometric analyses, including validity and reliability assessments, confirmed the three-factor, 19-item structure of the original version in its Turkish adaptation (Palin PRS-TR). Therefore, the Palin PRS-TR is a valid and reliable instrument for use in clinical and scientific settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}