Occupational Therapy International最新文献

{"title":"A Conceptual Map of Knowledge Transfer in Occupational Therapy Clinical Practice in Central South Africa.","authors":"Azette Swanepoel,Corlia Janse van Vuuren,Shoba Nayar","doi":"10.1155/2024/8873026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8873026","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Empirical evidence has confirmed that all types of knowledge (propositional, procedural, personal, and client) contribute to evidence-based practice (EBP) and should be transferred in clinical practice to inform quality service delivery. However, it is unclear how the integration of the types of knowledge that are transferred in clinical practice manifests. Given this gap in understanding, the current research sought to build a conceptual map of knowledge transfer in clinical practice in central South Africa. Method: A qualitative approach was followed, and data to build the conceptual map was obtained from a scoping review that explored the landscape of knowledge transfer in occupational therapy clinical practice, nine semistructured interviews with occupational therapists working in central South Africa, and a Q Method survey. Results: The conceptual map-building process delivered a multidimensional, multidirectional conceptual map consisting of four concepts (theory and research, practice experience, patient-therapist relationship, and patient's voice in clinical practice) and four types of knowledge (propositional, procedural, personal, and client). The results show the integration of the types of knowledge and confirm that knowledge transfer in clinical practice is a complex and ongoing process. Conclusion: The conceptual map, a first of its kind in South Africa, presents empirical evidence of knowledge that is created and transferred in clinical practice in central South Africa. The conceptual map might provide a framework for collaboration amongst all stakeholders, such as patients, occupational therapists, and academics, to produce practice guidelines and occupational outcome measures to support evidence-based clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":49140,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Therapy International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Therapy for Parenting: Perspectives of Parents With Physical Disability.","authors":"Anne Honey, Jessica Peterson, Veronica O'Mara, Margaret McGrath","doi":"10.1155/2024/4854903","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/4854903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parenting with a physical disability often brings with it a range of challenges. Occupational therapists are well positioned to support parents to address these challenges, yet occupational therapy research and practice around parenting is relatively scarce. This paper addresses the questions: (1) How should occupational therapists support parenting occupations for people with physical disability? (2) How do parents with physical disability experience occupational therapy? An anonymous survey of 62 parents, primarily mothers, with physical disability about their experiences with parenting challenges and occupational therapy was analysed using both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Parents experienced challenges in engaging in a range of parenting tasks with children over a range of age groups. Parents reported that support was often needed and indicated that occupational therapy could assist them directly with specific parenting goals as well as the more usual biomechanical goals that influence parenting. Yet less than half of participants who received occupational therapy services reported that parenting tasks were addressed, and only one-fifth reported that their goals had been fully met. The data also indicated that the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of occupational therapists with regard to working with parents with disability can be improved. Findings suggest a need to better incorporate parenting occupations in standard occupational therapy training to increase occupational therapists' comfort and competence in working with clients on parenting issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":49140,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Therapy International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11343624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142057023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Healing Elements of an Eclectic Life Skills Programme: Clients' Perspectives.","authors":"Alta Stone, Lana van Niekerk","doi":"10.1155/2024/1499566","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1499566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The article reports the healing elements of an eclectic life skills programme (ELSP) from the perspective of group members. An ELSP utilising <i>open</i> groups was developed to manage clients with mixed diagnostic profiles and different stages of recovery simultaneously. The aim was to explore the healing elements of an ELSP. <b>Methods:</b> Maximum variation purposive sampling was used to select six participants for the phenomenological inquiry. Data collection is comprised of observations, semistructured interviews, and reflective journals. Data analysis comprised an inductive thematic analysis. <b>Consumer Involvement:</b> Participants all attended groups offered within the ELSP. They participated in two semistructured interviews: the first interview in the week following admission and the second just before discharge. In addition, they documented their experiences in reflective journals for the duration of their participation. <b>Findings:</b> The analogy of a kaleidoscope portrayed the four themes; three pertained to structural dynamics, namely, <i>programme mirror</i>, <i>facilitator mirror</i>, and <i>mirror of other group members</i>. The fourth theme, namely, <i>the magical pattern</i>, pertained to personal sense-making by individual group members. <b>Conclusions:</b> The dynamic interplay of healing factors, captured in the themes, facilitated healing. Self-reflection was integral to the creation of a bespoke, facilitated self-learning process with direct application in group members' own lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":49140,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Therapy International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Exploration of the Experiences and Perceptions of TBI Survivors About Accessing Vocational Rehabilitation During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Tarryn Petersen, Mogammad Shaheed Soeker","doi":"10.1155/2024/8414358","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8414358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Statistics indicate a high prevalence of TBI in South Africa, with many individuals with TBI not returning to work. The lack of return to work among TBI survivors is particularly due to factors such as injury severity, preinjury educational and occupational status, and age at injury. However, in addition to the above factors, there was the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in the de-escalation of nonessential outpatient services in order to assist with curbing the spread of the virus. <b>Objective:</b> The aim of the article is to explore the experiences and perceptions of TBI survivors about accessing vocational rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic and how this has affected their worker roles. <b>Method:</b> A descriptive, explorative qualitative research design was used, and semistructured interviews were conducted to collect data. The authors subsequently analysed the transcribed data using a thematic analysis approach. The COREQ (consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research) checklist was used as a reporting guideline. Ten TBI survivors and two individuals working in the public health sector participated in this study. Two semistructured interviews were conducted with each research participant. <b>Results:</b> Three themes emanated from the study, namely, Theme 1: \"The barriers to accessing rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic\" represents the participants' barriers to accessing rehabilitation programmes throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Theme 2: \"Lack of rehabilitation negatively influenced the individual with TBI occupational performance\" describes how the lack of OT rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the participants' quality of life. Theme 3: \"Factors that facilitated access to rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic\" describes the factors that facilitated access to OT rehabilitation services during the COVID-19 pandemic. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study found that there were barriers and facilitators to accessing occupational therapy rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic for TBI survivors. More research needs to be conducted to explore the efficacy of telehealth/telemedicine for occupational therapy rehabilitation and the role of the occupational therapist in global pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":49140,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Therapy International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11303041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation Questionnaire for Preschoolers With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Item Development.","authors":"Takuto Nakamura, Sakumi Koyama, Hirofumi Nagayama, Satoshi Sasada","doi":"10.1155/2024/4573526","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/4573526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Occupational therapists need to comprehensively assess the participation of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in daily activities and evaluate the effectiveness of relevant interventions. Several participation measurement tools have been developed for children with ASD, but these tools require expert involvement, which is a barrier to large-scale surveys. To address these concerns, a caregiver-administered questionnaire-the Participation Questionnaire for Preschoolers (PQP)-was developed. However, this tool could be improved due to its narrow age range of 48-72 months and because the item development process does not reflect the perspectives of children and caregivers. Therefore, we expanded the PQP's target age range to 36-83 months and developed new items that reflect the perspectives of professionals and caregivers. Interviews were conducted with eight experts in supporting children with ASD and 11 caregivers of children with ASD. The interviews were transcribed, and a content analysis was performed. The number of questions was reduced from 51 to 36, and the order of items was changed for clarity. Two of the eight subdomains were removed to clarify the conceptual difference between activity and participation. The updated version of the PQP has two unique features: (1) it can be administered without expert involvement, and (2) it includes items specific to the challenges faced by children with ASD. Future development of the scale and validation of its measurement properties are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49140,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Therapy International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of a Sensory Reactivity Assessment for Use With Children in the Western Cape Province, South Africa.","authors":"Ann Frances Watkyns, Lizahn Gracia Cloete, Linda Diane Parham","doi":"10.1155/2024/5921153","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5921153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Sensory reactivity (SR) difficulties are characterised by problems regulating an individual's responses to sensory input such that it interferes with occupational performance in daily tasks. South African occupational therapists use assessments developed in the United States to identify SR difficulties in children. These have been found to be inappropriate for the South African context. This study reports on the methodology used to adapt an assessment for use in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. <b>Method:</b> The SPM-2 Child and Preschool caregiver self-report questionnaires and seven tests of the performance-based Evaluation in Ayres Sensory Integration (EASI) that assess SR were identified for adaptation. A qualitative methodology was used to identify challenges using the assessment in a sample of the Western Cape population. Cognitive interviews were conducted with six community members from diverse socioeconomic groupings. Inductive analysis was used to identify and group the emerging themes. The test adaptation was conducted by expert occupational therapists based on these findings. <b>Findings:</b> Challenges were grouped into two themes, namely, language challenges, of which there were three subcategories and inappropriate or threatening assessment tasks. Fifty-three changes were made to the assessment. <b>Conclusion:</b> A detailed methodology was developed to adapt a SR assessment for use in the Western Cape Province. Challenges in using the assessment were elicited primarily from community members rather than professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":49140,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Therapy International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mexican American Intergenerational Research: Transformative Model of Occupational Therapy.","authors":"Maritza Montiel Tafur, Yvonne de la Torre Montiel, Miguel Montiel","doi":"10.1155/2024/6301510","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6301510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thirty-seven interviews of Mexican American women who crossed the border into the United States during the era of the Mexican Revolution of 1910 were analyzed using constructivist grounded theory methods. The intent is to expand the occupational therapy profession's occupational consciousness and cultivate cultural humility. Four themes emerged from the data: suffering, work, yearning for an education, and compassion for others. The findings suggest that environmental barriers such as hierarchy (patriarchy and discrimination) and physical barriers (limited access to built environments, lack of nonexploitative work opportunities, and hostile educational institutions) prevented occupational participation. Small acts of resistance through everyday living (finding joy, playing, self-sufficiency, and community organizing) were identified as facilitators of occupational participation. The research findings challenge proposed assumptions found within the occupational therapy literature: (1) humans and occupations exist as separate from their environments, and (2) work, productivity, and leisure contribute positively to health. The Transformative Model of Occupational Therapy is introduced as a decolonized framework that inextricably links individual health to community and global health. The model centers play, social participation, work, and education as occupations that contribute to the common good. These occupations are kept in equilibrium within the Four Pillars of Culture (self-determination, compassion, sustainability, and language) or the cultural values identified and derived from the stories.</p>","PeriodicalId":49140,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Therapy International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11251786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141628144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Profile of Occupational Therapists Working in School-Based Practice in Australian Primary Schools","authors":"Jill Jeremy, Ilektra Spandagou, Joanne Hinitt","doi":"10.1155/2024/2077870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2077870","url":null,"abstract":"Inclusive education has increased the demand for school-based occupational therapy services and has reconceptualised the practice in mainstream schools. Therapists are now expected to work collaboratively with teachers within tiered intervention models to support access and participation of all students, including those with disabilities, within the natural classroom context. School-based occupational therapy has become a specialised area of practice, as therapists work within educational, rather than health, systems and processes. While the growth in demand and expanded scope of practice is positive for the profession, predicted workforce shortages and the necessity for specialised and enhanced practice present significant challenges. The ability of the profession to fully support the demands of an inclusive education system remains unclear. As accurate, up-to-date information on the school-based therapy workforce is the foundation for planning future personnel needs, knowledge of the current state of the workforce is critical. There is a paucity of national data regarding this growing area of practice. The aim of this study is to describe a current profile of school-based occupational therapists to better understand the workforce, practice patterns, and the funding landscape in Australia. A convenient and purposive sample of 108 Australian paediatric occupational therapists working in mainstream primary schools in New South Wales, Queensland, and Victoria was surveyed in this quantitative study, which was analysed using descriptive statistics. Results provide some insights into the workforce and practice of school-based therapy in Australia offering preliminary data for future planning in this important and growing area of paediatric practice. While specific to the local context, results invite cross-national and global comparison to reveal universal trends and localised nuances across diverse settings.","PeriodicalId":49140,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Therapy International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140805681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Client Self-Advocacy in Occupational Therapy: Are We Practicing What We Preach?","authors":"Laura VanPuymbrouck, Emily M. Chun, Elizabeth D. Hesse, Kelsey Ranneklev, Camila Sanchez","doi":"10.1155/2024/1662671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1662671","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. Developing client self-advocacy is in occupational therapy’s (OT) scope of practice; however, there is limited understanding of if, or how, occupational therapists learn about self-advocacy interventions as well as implement self-advocacy into clinical practice. <i>Objective</i>. This study sought to identify if and how therapists learn about self-advocacy intervention approaches and identify if and how therapists implement self-advocacy into their work with clients. <i>Method</i>. A survey was distributed via email to academic and professional listservs in the United States, and data were collected using REDCap survey software. Descriptive statistics were analyzed data using REDCap/SPSS. Comparative statistics, Kruskal-Wallis’s tests, Chi-square tests for independence, and Pearson’s correlation tests analyzed differences across groups of respondents. <i>Results</i>. Practicing and licensed occupational therapists (<span><svg height=\"8.55521pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063904pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 17.789 8.55521\" width=\"17.789pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.158,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"8.55521pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063904pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"21.3711838 -8.34882 18.943 8.55521\" width=\"18.943pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.421,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,27.661,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,33.901,0)\"></path></g></svg>)</span></span> across the United States completed the survey. Findings indicate a majority (59.5%) of occupational therapists not learning strategies for addressing or developing client self-advocacy. Of significance, 21.7% of participants had never been exposed to concepts of client self-advocacy in academic or clinical education. Practitioners who did address self-advocacy did so indirectly through teaching-related skills (76.6%). <i>Conclusion</i>. Many clients of OT will need self-advocacy skills in order to address issues of exclusion and discrimination that prohibit full participation in society. Occupational therapists must prioritize incorporating client self-advocacy into curricula and clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":49140,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Therapy International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140301613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying Concepts of Curriculum Design and Cultural Adaptation: Collaborating on a Dual-Degree Occupational Therapy Program in Mainland China","authors":"Julie McLaughlin Gray, Ling Yu (Elena) Meng, Adley Chan, Cameron Chang, Yijun Liu, Liguo Qian, Hui Wang, Ninghua Wang, Yanyan Yang, Mouwang Zhou, Grace T. Baranek","doi":"10.1155/2024/1088666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1088666","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational therapy is a profession with origins rooted in Western values. As culture plays an important role in shaping theory and practice, the curriculum design of academic programs that train future rehabilitation professionals should reflect the local context. As part of an international partnership, a dual-degree graduate program in occupational therapy was established between a Chinese and an American university. A team composed of members from both institutions collaborated on culturally adapting an entry-level master’s program in occupational therapy for China, based on a U.S. program, which welcomed its first cohort in September 2019. This article details the timeline and process of program design and adaptation from conception, through implementation to evaluation and revision, with the aim of offering a framework for curriculum adaptation of other academic programs in the U.S. and internationally. The adapted curriculum includes the program mission, vision, and philosophy; the curriculum model with program outcomes and threads; the program scope and sequence; materials and resources; and course-specific objectives, learning activities, and assessments. The authors also share lessons learned through this experience of international collaboration as well as next steps for program evaluation and sustainability. The detailed overview of this international collaboration offers suggestions for individuals and institutions seeking to develop global partnerships and adapt curricula across cultural contexts.","PeriodicalId":49140,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Therapy International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140150867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}