Public Health Ethics最新文献_第5页

Approaching COVID-19 as an Environmental Ethical Problem: A Perspective from African Relational Animal Ethics 将COVID-19视为环境伦理问题:来自非洲关系动物伦理的视角

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad007

Munamato Chemhuru

{"title":"Approaching COVID-19 as an Environmental Ethical Problem: A Perspective from African Relational Animal Ethics","authors":"Munamato Chemhuru","doi":"10.1093/phe/phad007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phad007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 After the discovery of the origins of the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to be possibly wet markets in Wuhan, China, the normative questions of what ought to be the ethical relations between human beings and non-human animals have started to attract renewed interest among environmentalists. Although these are not new questions in environmental philosophy, the impact of COVID-19 across the world is challenging human beings to seriously reconsider some of these often-neglected questions. In this article, I examine COVID-19 as essentially an environmental ethical challenge. Specifically, I consider the extent to which the relationships between human and non-human animals can effectively impact the health and lives of humanity and the environment at large. I then provide some alternative ways by which human beings ought to re-think their relationships with non-human animals to avoid future catastrophes like COVID-19. I argue that the African view of animal ethics could at least provide a valuable lens through which to view correct relations between human beings and non-human animals. Ultimately, I set forth and defend an African environmental ethic for the right relations between human beings and animals and to show how such an ethic better places humanity in confronting future zoonoses.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43606866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Responding to the Injustice of Climate Change 应对气候变化的不公正

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad008

J. Dwyer

引用次数: 0

Universalists, Republicans and Rationalists: Exploring Health Sector Solidarity and Its Boundary through the Comparative Experience of Overseas Taiwanese 普遍主义者、共和主义者与理性主义者:从海外台湾人的比较经验探讨卫生部门团结及其边界

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad006

{"title":"Universalists, Republicans and Rationalists: Exploring Health Sector Solidarity and Its Boundary through the Comparative Experience of Overseas Taiwanese","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/phe/phad006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phad006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Through users’ cross-system comparative experience engaging with the health systems in Taiwan and other countries, this article probes into their understandings and value judgments and specifically their reasonings for the ‘solidarity with whom?’ question in the health sector solidarity. With the cross-system comparison approach, the study adopted semi-structured interviews with 30 Taiwanese participants who have studied, lived or worked abroad and engaged with the health system in Canada, the USA or the UK. This approach offers the opportunity for one to evaluate the health system in the home country from a relative viewpoint from the host country. The participants suggested that the boundary of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance (NHI) should be as inclusive as possible, covering all legal residents in Taiwan regardless of their status, and that the citizens should share more financial responsibility. The ethical reasons for supporting the NHI include recognizing health sector solidarity among people, considering the coverage as a protection of the human right to health, humanitarian reasons and self-interest. Three archetypes of users emerged from the synthesis: Universalists, Rationalists and Republicans. The cross-system comparative experience makes the participants have more supportive attitudes toward the ideals of health sector solidarity.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45652287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moral Intuitions About Stigmatizing Practices and Feeding Stigmatizing Practices: How Haidt's Moral Foundations Theory Relates to Infectious Disease Stigma. 关于污名化行为和喂养污名化行为的道德直觉:海特的道德基础理论与传染病污名化的关系。

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad002

C Damsté, K Kramer

{"title":"Moral Intuitions About Stigmatizing Practices and Feeding Stigmatizing Practices: How Haidt's Moral Foundations Theory Relates to Infectious Disease Stigma.","authors":"C Damsté, K Kramer","doi":"10.1093/phe/phad002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phad002","url":null,"abstract":"Despite extensive stigma mitigation efforts, infectious disease stigma remains common. So far, little attention has been paid to the moral psychology of stigmatizing practices (i.e. beliefs, attitudes, actions) rather than the experience of being stigmatized. Addressing the moral psychology behind stigmatizing practices seems necessary to explain the persistence of infectious disease stigma and to develop effective mitigation strategies. Our article proposes building on Jonathan Haidt's moral foundations theory, which states that moral judgements follow from intuitions rather than conscious reasoning. Conceptual analysis was conducted to show how Haidt's five moral foundations can be connected to (i) moral judgements about stigmatizing practices and (ii) stigmatizing practices themselves. We found that care/harm, fairness/cheating, loyalty/betrayal and sanctity/degradation intuitions can inform moral judgements about stigmatizing practices. Loyalty/betrayal and sanctity/degradation intuitions can sometimes also feed stigmatizing practices. Authority/subversion intuitions can inform moral judgements and stigmatizing practices towards people who disrespect authoritative rules meant to protect public health. Moral dumbfounding and posthoc reasoning might explain the persistence of stigmatizing practices. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the relevance of Haidt's approach to infectious disease stigma research and mitigation strategies. We hope that this study motivates researchers to further test and assess this approach.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"16 1","pages":"102-111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10161519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9430151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Moral Intuitions About Stigmatizing Practices and Feeding Stigmatizing Practices: How Haidt's Moral Foundations Theory Relates to Infectious Disease Stigma. 纠正:关于污名化做法和喂养污名化做法的道德直觉:海特的道德基础理论如何与传染病污名化有关。

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad009

引用次数: 0

A Taxonomy of Non-honesty in Public Health Communication. 公共卫生传播中的不诚实行为分类

IF 4.3 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-03-23 eCollection Date: 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad003

Rebecca C H Brown, Mícheál de Barra

引用次数: 0

Exercising Caution: A Case for Ethics Analysis in Physical Activity Promotion 谨慎锻炼：体育活动促进中的伦理分析案例

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad004

K. Esmonde

引用次数: 1

Paternalism in Historical Context: Helmet and Seatbelt Legislation in the UK. 历史背景下的家长制：英国的头盔和安全带立法。

IF 2 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-03-13 eCollection Date: 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad001

Janet Weston

引用次数: 0

Inequalities in the Challenges Affecting Children and their Families during COVID-19 with School Closures and Reopenings: A Qualitative Study. COVID-19 期间影响儿童及其家庭的不平等挑战与学校关闭和重新开放：定性研究。

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2022-12-14 eCollection Date: 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phac030

Ilaria Galasso, Gemma Watts

{"title":"Inequalities in the Challenges Affecting Children and their Families during COVID-19 with School Closures and Reopenings: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Ilaria Galasso, Gemma Watts","doi":"10.1093/phe/phac030","DOIUrl":"10.1093/phe/phac030","url":null,"abstract":"School closure is one of the most debated measures undertaken to contain the spread of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The pandemic has devastating health and socio-economic effects and must be contained, but schools play a vital role in present and future well-being, capabilities and health of children. We examine the detrimental consequences of both the closure and reopening of schools, by focusing on inequalities in the challenges affecting children and their families. This paper is grounded on Irish and Italian data from a multi-national longitudinal qualitative interview study. Research participants articulated a variety of issues and challenges that highlight inequalities in access to education during school closures, in the supportiveness of home setting, and in school preparedness to reopen, often mirroring or exacerbating pre-existing inequalities. The reported unequal lived experiences indicate that some harms are actionable, and already suggest some potential harm mitigation strategies. We conclude by advocating for enhanced public consultation to help mitigate the consequences of public dilemmas in general, and to help detect and tackle inadequacies and inequalities for school children through and beyond the pandemic, by learning from the experience of the concerned actors.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"15 3","pages":"240-255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9883729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9942776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Governing Antibiotic Risks in Australian Agriculture: Sustaining Conflicting Common Goods Through Competing Compliance Mechanisms 管理抗生素风险在澳大利亚农业:通过竞争合规机制维持冲突的共同利益

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phac029

Chris Degeling, Julie Hall

{"title":"Governing Antibiotic Risks in Australian Agriculture: Sustaining Conflicting Common Goods Through Competing Compliance Mechanisms","authors":"Chris Degeling, Julie Hall","doi":"10.1093/phe/phac029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phac029","url":null,"abstract":"The One Health approach to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) requires stakeholders to contribute to cross-sectoral efforts to improve antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). One Health AMR policy implementation is challenging in livestock farming because of the infrastructural role of antibiotics in production systems. Mitigating AMR may require the development of more stringent stewardship obligations and the future limitation of established entitlements. Drawing on Amatai Etzioni’s compliance theory, regulatory analyses and qualitative studies with stakeholder groups we examine the structural and socio-cultural dimension of antibiotic use and AMS compliance in Australian beef and dairy production. We found a disconnect between how antibiotic use is conceptualised by farmers and the way in which AMS policies construe agricultural AMR risks. Under the umbrella of food safety standards and national-level prescribing restrictions, farmers and veterinarians interact around antibiotic use with different operating logics and compliance mechanisms. These parallel regimes service distinct and sometimes competing common goods of food security and antibiotic preservation. Further reforms to mitigate AMR need to account for the value orientations of different groups and the embeddedness of the constraints imposed by existing systems. Advocacy for greater AMR precaution in agriculture should acknowledge and compensate for erosions in competing common goods and the cost of proposed interventions.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138541950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0