Public Health Ethics最新文献_第10页

Opt-Out to the Rescue: Organ Donation and Samaritan Duties 选择退出救援:器官捐赠和撒玛利亚人的责任

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.1093/PHE/PHAB010

S. F. Midtgaard, A. Albertsen

引用次数: 3

The Precautionary Principle in Zoonotic Disease Control. 人畜共患病控制中的预防原则。

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2021-05-25 eCollection Date: 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phab012

J van Herten, B Bovenkerk

{"title":"The Precautionary Principle in Zoonotic Disease Control.","authors":"J van Herten, B Bovenkerk","doi":"10.1093/phe/phab012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/phe/phab012","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that zoonotic diseases are a great threat for humanity. During the course of such a pandemic, public health authorities often apply the precautionary principle to justify disease control measures. However, evoking this principle is not without ethical implications. Especially within a One Health strategy, that requires us to balance public health benefits against the health interests of animals and the environment, unrestricted use of the precautionary principle can lead to moral dilemmas. In this article, we analyze the ethical dimensions of the use of the precautionary principle in zoonotic disease control and formulate criteria to protect animals and the environment against one-sided interpretations. Furthermore, we distinguish two possible conceptions of the precautionary principle. First, we notice that because of the unpredictable nature of zoonotic diseases, public health authorities in general focus on the idea of precaution as preparedness. This reactive response often leads to difficult trade-offs between human and animal health. We therefore argue that this policy should always be accompanied by a second policy, that we refer to as precaution as prevention. Although zoonotic diseases are part of our natural world, we have to acknowledge that their origin and global impact are often a consequence of our disturbed relation with animals and the environment.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"14 2","pages":"180-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/e5/phab012.PMC8194555.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39515700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health Agency and Perfectionism: The Case of Perinatal Health Inequalities. 健康代理和完美主义:围产期健康不平等的案例。

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2021-05-24 eCollection Date: 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phab009

Hafez Ismaili M'hamdi, Inez de Beaufort

引用次数: 1

Law, Virtue, and Public Health Powers 法律、美德与公共卫生权力

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2021-05-20 DOI: 10.1093/PHE/PHAB014

E. Ip

引用次数: 1

Post-COVID-19 WHO Reform: Ethical Considerations. 后 COVID-19 世卫组织改革：伦理考虑。

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2021-05-19 eCollection Date: 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phab011

Thana C de Campos-Rudinsky

引用次数: 0

After the Pandemic: New Responsibilities. 大流行之后：新的责任。

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2021-05-17 eCollection Date: 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phab008

Neil Levy, Julian Savulescu

引用次数: 0

'Personal Health Surveillance': The Use of mHealth in Healthcare Responsibilisation. “个人健康监测”:移动医疗在医疗责任中的应用

IF 1.4 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2021-05-16 eCollection Date: 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phab013

Ben Davies

{"title":"'Personal Health Surveillance': The Use of mHealth in Healthcare Responsibilisation.","authors":"Ben Davies","doi":"10.1093/phe/phab013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/phe/phab013","url":null,"abstract":"There is an ongoing increase in the use of mobile health (mHealth) technologies that patients can use to monitor health-related outcomes and behaviours. While the dominant narrative around mHealth focuses on patient empowerment, there is potential for mHealth to fit into a growing push for patients to take personal responsibility for their health. I call the first of these uses 'medical monitoring', and the second 'personal health surveillance'. After outlining two problems which the use of mHealth might seem to enable us to overcome-fairness of burdens and reliance on self-reporting-I note that these problems would only really be solved by unacceptably comprehensive forms of personal health surveillance which applies to all of us at all times. A more plausible model is to use personal health surveillance as a last resort for patients who would otherwise independently qualify for responsibility-based penalties. However, I note that there are still a number of ethical and practical problems that such a policy would need to overcome. The prospects of mHealth enabling a fair, genuinely cost-saving policy of patient responsibility are slim.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"14 3","pages":"268-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8661076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39719271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Afro-Communitarianism and the Role of Traditional African Healers in the COVID-19 Pandemic 非洲社群主义与非洲传统治疗师在2019冠状病毒病大流行中的作用

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2021-03-20 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phab006

L. Cordeiro‐Rodrigues, Thaddeus Metz

{"title":"Afro-Communitarianism and the Role of Traditional African Healers in the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"L. Cordeiro‐Rodrigues, Thaddeus Metz","doi":"10.1093/phe/phab006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phab006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, and in Africa, given the lack of resources, they are likely to be even more acute. The usefulness of Traditional African Healers in helping to mitigate the effects of pandemic has been neglected. We argue from an ethical perspective that these healers can and should have an important role in informing and guiding local communities in Africa on how to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Particularly, we argue not only that much of the philosophy underlying Traditional African Medicine is adequate and compatible with preventive measures for COVID-19, but also that Traditional African Healers have some unique cultural capital for influencing and enforcing such preventive measures. The paper therefore suggests that not only given the cultural context of Africa where Traditional African Healers have a special role, but also because of the normative strength of the Afro-communitarian philosophy that informs it, there are good ethical reasons to endorse policies that involve Traditional Healers in the fight against COVID-19. We also maintain that concerns about Traditional African Healers objectionably violating patient confidentiality or being paternalistic are much weaker in the face of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/phe/phab006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43602177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Nipping Diseases in the Bud? Ethical and Social Considerations of the Concept of 'Disease Interception'. 把疾病消灭在萌芽状态?“疾病拦截”概念的伦理和社会考虑。

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2021-03-15 eCollection Date: 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phaa036

Jonas Narchi, Eva C Winkler

{"title":"Nipping Diseases in the Bud? Ethical and Social Considerations of the Concept of 'Disease Interception'.","authors":"Jonas Narchi, Eva C Winkler","doi":"10.1093/phe/phaa036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phaa036","url":null,"abstract":"'Disease interception' describes the treatment of a disease in its clinically inapparent phase and is increasingly used in medical literature. However, no precise definition, much less an ethical evaluation, has been developed yet. This article starts with a definition of 'disease interception' by distinguishing it from other preventions. It then analyses the ethical and social implications of the concept in light of the four principles of medical ethics by Beauchamp and Childress. The term 'disease interception' refers to a form of secondary prevention applied in a short interception window intended to prevent a preclinical disease from developing further. We propose the definition 'early and targeted secondary prevention by treatment'. The ethical evaluation of the concept shows that while it promises to be beneficial, it raises a number of ethical and social challenges regarding patient autonomy and justice. In order to ensure decision-making that respects patient autonomy, commercially motivated metaphors such as 'disease interception' should make way for precise definitions. Future research should not only focus on how to detect clinically inapparent diseases but also on the ethical question, when this is justifiable and what consequences it has for the individual and society as a whole.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"14 1","pages":"100-108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8254639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39162827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Friedman Howard Steven. Ultimate Price: The Value We Place on Life 弗里德曼-霍华德-史蒂文。终极价格：我们对生活的价值

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI: 10.1093/PHE/PHAB007

L. Fleck

引用次数: 0