Public Health Ethics最新文献

Ethics of Mathematical Modeling in Public Health: The Case of Medical Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention in Africa.

IF 1.4 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2024-10-14 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phae009

Stuart Rennie, Sara Levintow, Adam Gilbertson, Winnie Kavulani Luseno

引用次数: 0

Ethical Dimensions of Population-Based Lung Cancer Screening in Canada: Key Informant Qualitative Description Study. 加拿大全民肺癌筛查的伦理问题：关键信息提供者定性描述研究》。

IF 1.4 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2024-08-29 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phae008

Manisha Pahwa, Julia Abelson, Paul A Demers, Lisa Schwartz, Katrina Shen, Meredith Vanstone

{"title":"Ethical Dimensions of Population-Based Lung Cancer Screening in Canada: Key Informant Qualitative Description Study.","authors":"Manisha Pahwa, Julia Abelson, Paul A Demers, Lisa Schwartz, Katrina Shen, Meredith Vanstone","doi":"10.1093/phe/phae008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/phe/phae008","url":null,"abstract":"Normative issues associated with the design and implementation of population-based lung cancer screening policies are underexamined. This study was an exposition of the ethical justification for screening and potential ethical issues and their solutions in Canadian jurisdictions. A qualitative description study was conducted. Key informants, defined as policymakers, scientists and clinicians who develop and implement lung cancer screening policies in Canada, were purposively sampled and interviewed using a semi-structured guide informed by population-based disease screening principles and ethical issues in cancer screening. Interview data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Fifteen key informants from seven provinces were interviewed. Virtually all justified screening by beneficence, describing that population benefits outweigh individual harms if high-risk people are screened in organized programs according to disease screening principles. Equity of screening access, stigma and lung cancer primary prevention were other ethical issues identified. Key informants prioritized beneficence over concerns for group-level justice issues when making decisions about whether to implement screening policies. This prioritization, though slight, may impede the implementation of screening policies in a way that effectively addresses justice issues, a goal likely to require justice theory and critical interpretation of disease screening principles.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"17 3","pages":"139-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Self-Management to Shared-Management: A Relational Approach for Equitable Chronic Care 从自我管理到共享管理：公平慢性病护理的关系方法

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phae007

Francisca Stutzin Donoso

{"title":"From Self-Management to Shared-Management: A Relational Approach for Equitable Chronic Care","authors":"Francisca Stutzin Donoso","doi":"10.1093/phe/phae007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phae007","url":null,"abstract":"Life with chronic disease and chronic care is hard and people who live in disadvantage may lack the freedom to prioritise their care because of increased competing demands. This paper proposes that shifting the goals of chronic care from self-management support to a shared-management approach can help improve wellbeing and health outcomes across social groups. This work draws on a qualitative exploration of the lived experience of chronic disease and an applied ethical analysis of the reproduction of disadvantages within chronic care. The qualitative results further specify respectful and collaborative patient-healthcare professional relationships; autonomy-supportive interventions; and continuity of care to face the complexity of chronicity in a phenomenological sense—a paradoxical experience of long duration that comprises the disease’s presence in the absence of its manifestation. The ethical analysis draws on performativity; autonomy and decision-making; and responsibility, which constitute the theoretical foundation for shared-management. This approach contributes to advance current normative thinking for health justice and outlines practical steps for its clinical implementation in the delivery of chronic care.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Application of Australian Rights Protections to the Use of Hepatitis C Notification Data to Engage People ‘Lost to Follow Up’ 澳大利亚权利保护措施在使用丙型肝炎通知数据吸引 "失去随访 "者方面的应用

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phae006

Freya Saich, Shelley Walker, Margaret Hellard, Mark Stoové, Kate Seear

{"title":"The Application of Australian Rights Protections to the Use of Hepatitis C Notification Data to Engage People ‘Lost to Follow Up’","authors":"Freya Saich, Shelley Walker, Margaret Hellard, Mark Stoové, Kate Seear","doi":"10.1093/phe/phae006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phae006","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis C is a global public health threat, affecting 56 million people worldwide. The World Health Organization has committed to eliminating hepatitis C by 2030. Although new treatments have revolutionised the treatment and care of people with hepatitis C, treatment uptake has slowed in recent years, drawing attention to the need for innovative approaches to reach elimination targets. One approach involves using existing notifiable disease data to contact people previously diagnosed with hepatitis C. Within these disease surveillance systems, however, competing tensions exist, including protecting individual rights to privacy and autonomy, and broader public health goals. We explore these issues using hepatitis C and Australia’s legislative and regulatory frameworks as a case study. We examine emerging uses of notification data to contact people not yet treated, and describe some of the ethical dilemmas associated with the use and non-use of this data and the protections that exist to preserve individual rights and public health. We reveal weaknesses in rights protections and processes under Australian public health and human rights legislation and argue for consultation with and involvement of affected communities in policy and intervention design before notification data is used to increase hepatitis C treatment coverage.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141063381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time to Treat the Climate and Nature Crisis as One Indivisible Global Health Emergency. 是时候将气候和自然危机视为一个不可分割的全球健康紧急情况了。

IF 1.4 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2024-03-23 eCollection Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad022

Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Thomas Benfield, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Robert Mash, Peush Sahni, Wadeia Mohammad Sharief, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski

引用次数: 0

Psychedelics in PERIL: The Commercial Determinants of Health, Financial Entanglements and Population Health Ethics Psychedelics in PERIL：健康的商业决定因素、金融纠葛与人口健康伦理

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2024-03-02 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phae002

Daniel Buchman, Daniel Rosenbaum

{"title":"Psychedelics in PERIL: The Commercial Determinants of Health, Financial Entanglements and Population Health Ethics","authors":"Daniel Buchman, Daniel Rosenbaum","doi":"10.1093/phe/phae002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phae002","url":null,"abstract":"The nascent for-profit psychedelic industry has begun to engage in corporate practices like funding scientific research and research programs. There is substantial evidence that such practices from other industries like tobacco, alcohol, pharmaceuticals and food create conflicts of interest and can negatively influence population health. However, in a context of funding pressures, low publicly funded success rates and precarious academic labor, there is limited ethics guidance for researchers working at the intersection of clinical practice and population health as to how they should approach potential financial sponsorship from for-profit entities, such as the psychedelic industry. This article reports on a reflective exercise among a group of clinician scientists working in psychedelic science, where we applied Adams’ (2016) PERIL (Purpose, Extent, Relevant harm, Identifiers, Link) ethical decision-making framework to a fictionalized case of corporate psychedelic financial sponsorship. Our analysis suggests financial relationships with the corporate psychedelic sector may create varying degrees of risk to a research program’s purpose, autonomy and integrity. We argue that the commercial determinants of health provide a useful framework for understanding the ethics of industry-healthcare entanglements and can provide an important population health ethics lens to examine nascent industries such as psychedelics, and work toward potential solutions.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140017119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Liberalism of Fear and Public Health Ethics 恐惧的自由主义与公共卫生伦理

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phae001

Alvin Chen

引用次数: 0

Reciprocity, Fairness and the Financial Burden of Undertaking COVID-19 Hotel Quarantine in Australia. 互惠、公平与澳大利亚 COVID-19 酒店检疫的财政负担。

IF 1.4 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-12-20 eCollection Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad027

Kari Pahlman, Jane Williams, Diego S Silva, Louis Taffs, Bridget Haire

{"title":"Reciprocity, Fairness and the Financial Burden of Undertaking COVID-19 Hotel Quarantine in Australia.","authors":"Kari Pahlman, Jane Williams, Diego S Silva, Louis Taffs, Bridget Haire","doi":"10.1093/phe/phad027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/phe/phad027","url":null,"abstract":"In late March 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Australia introduced mandatory 14-day supervised quarantine at hotels and other designated facilities for all international arrivals. From July 2020, most states and territories introduced a fixed charge for quarantine of up to $3220 per adult. The introduction of the fee was rationalised on the basis that Australians had been allowed sufficient time to return and there was a need to recover some of the cost associated with administering the program. Drawing on an empirical study of 58 returned Australian citizens and residents quarantined between March 2020 and January 2021, this paper aims to explore how people experienced paying for hotel quarantine, particularly with respect to fairness and relatedly, the principle of reciprocity. Reciprocity requires that the state has an obligation to assist individuals in discharging their duty to comply with public health measures and avoid disproportionate burdens accruing to populations or individuals. Though participants had varying opinions on whether they thought it fair to be charged for their quarantine, for many, the fee constituted a significant burden and source of stress. Given the undertaking of quarantine is primarily for the benefit of the public good, we argue the financial cost imposed on individuals does not meet the demands of reciprocity. It is imperative that future quarantine and isolation arrangements consider seriously the need to minimise burdens of individuals subject to such measures, and that fees do not become a new norm in public health and infectious disease control.","PeriodicalId":49136,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Ethics","volume":"17 1-2","pages":"67-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11245694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How to Design Consent for Health Data Research? An Analysis of Arguments of Solidarity 如何为健康数据研究设计同意书？团结论点分析

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad025

Svenja Wiertz

引用次数: 0

Ageism Without Anticipation-Blindness 没有预期的老龄化--盲目性

IF 2.1 3区哲学

Public Health Ethics Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phad023

Martin Marchman Andersen, Lasse Nielsen

引用次数: 0