Cancer Control最新文献

{"title":"Factors Influencing Immunotherapy Outcomes in Cancer: Sarcopenia and Systemic Inflammation.","authors":"Erkan Topkan, Nilüfer Kılıç Durankuş, Şükran Şenyürek, Ugur Selek","doi":"10.1177/10732748251318390","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251318390","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251318390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Antibiotic Used During Surgery With the Outcome in Stage I-III Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Lijuan Ding, Mengyu Zhou, Jiahui Yin, Xiaoming Zhang, Qianwen Ye, Niansong Qian","doi":"10.1177/10732748251339261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748251339261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The use of antibiotic (Abx) is common in gastric cancer (GC) patients undergoing radical resection; however, the prognostic value of the use of these agents in stage I-III patients remains largely unknown.<b>Methods:</b> Data concerning the use of Abx in GC patients during surgery including the cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) and types of Abx, were collected retrospectively. Differences in clinical features between cDDD subgroups and type subgroups were compared. Overall survival (OS) differences were tested via the Kaplan-Meier method, and risk factors for survival were validated by a Cox proportional hazards model.<b>Results:</b> Of 162 patients enrolled, 81 were assigned to the low-cDDD and 81 to the high-cDDD group. Among them, 19 patients were assigned to ≤2 types and 143 to ≥3 types. The low- and high-cDDD subgroups of patients presented no significant difference in OS (log rank = 2.21, <i>P</i> = 0.137). Patients receiving ≥3 types presented significantly better OS (log rank = 4.58, <i>P</i> = 0.032) than those receiving ≤2 types. The low- and high-cDDD subgroups (log rank = 3.83, <i>P</i> = 0.050), but not the ≤2 and ≥3 type subgroups (log rank<0.01, <i>P</i> = 0.982), presented a significant difference in OS in patients undergoing total gastrectomy. These differences were maintained in patients without total gastrectomy (cDDD: log rank = 7.92, <i>P</i> = 0.005; types: log rank = 6.52, <i>P</i> = 0.011). The use of multiple Abx types was validated as an independent factor for OS (HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.24-0.90; <i>P</i> = 0.024).<b>Conclusions:</b> Abx use during surgery in patients with stage I-III GC may potentially correlate with the prognosis. Patients with ≥3 types of Abx were more likely to have good outcomes, particularly in those without total gastrectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251339261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Patient-specific Quality Assurance for Automated Segmentation of Organs at Risk in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Radiotherapy.","authors":"Yixuan Wang, Jiang Hu, Lixin Chen, Dandan Zhang, Jinhan Zhu","doi":"10.1177/10732748251318387","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251318387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Precision radiotherapy relies on accurate segmentation of tumor targets and organs at risk (OARs). Clinicians manually review automatically delineated structures on a case-by-case basis, a time-consuming process dependent on reviewer experience and alertness. This study proposes a general process for automated threshold generation for structural evaluation indicators and patient-specific quality assurance (QA) for automated segmentation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patient-specific QA process for automated segmentation involves determining the confidence limit and error structure highlight stage. Three expert physicians segmented 17 OARs using computed tomography images of NPC and compared them using the Dice similarity coefficient, the maximum Hausdorff distance, and the mean distance to agreement. For each OAR, the 95% confidence interval was calculated as the confidence limit for each indicator. If two or more evaluation indicators (N2) or one or more evaluation indicators (N1) exceeded the confidence limits, the structure segmentation result was considered abnormal. The quantitative performances of these two methods were compared with those obtained by artificially introducing small/medium and serious errors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity, specificity, balanced accuracy, and F-score values for N2 were 0.944 ± 0.052, 0.827 ± 0.149, 0.886 ± 0.076, and 0.936 ± 0.045, respectively, whereas those for N1 were 0.955 ± 0.045, 0.788 ± 0.189, 0.878 ± 0.096, and 0.948 ± 0.035, respectively. N2 and N1 had small/medium error detection rates of 97.67 ± 0.04% and 98.67 ± 0.04%, respectively, with a serious error detection rate of 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed automated patient-specific QA process effectively detected segmentation abnormalities, particularly serious errors. These are crucial for enhancing review efficiency and automated segmentation, and for improving physician confidence in automated segmentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251318387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentrations in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Its Association With Histological Grade in a Chinese Population.","authors":"Ying-Ying Cao, Xiao-Jing Lv, Hui Li, Li-Chao Qian, Hai-Peng Si, Yuan Li, Kai Guo, Shuai Ren, Zhong-Qiu Wang","doi":"10.1177/10732748251316602","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251316602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) may influence cancer development. However, its relationship with the histological grade of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is not well understood. This study aims to explore the potential associations between serum HDL-c levels and different histological grades of PDAC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 181 patients with pathologically confirmed PDAC who underwent radical surgery. Clinical data, blood biochemical results, imaging features, and pathological details of the patients were collected, such as age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, tumor grade, tumor size and location, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with high-grade PDAC had significantly lower HDL-c levels compared to those with low-grade PDAC across both training and validation cohorts (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Significant associations were found between HDL-c levels and high-grade PDAC in the training (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and validation (<i>P</i> = 0.044) groups. Moreover, HDL-c levels were inversely related to lymph node metastasis in the training (<i>P</i> = 0.001) and validation (<i>P</i> = 0.012) sets.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower HDL-c levels are associated with high-grade PDAC and lymph node metastasis, suggesting that HDL-c may play a protective role in the progression of PDAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251316602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11811967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Insights Into Adipokines and the Tumor Microenvironment in Breast Cancer.","authors":"Xin Ma, Shaofeng Yang, Donghai Li","doi":"10.1177/10732748251347917","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251347917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer remains the malignant tumor with the highest incidence among female patients globally, and its treatment represents a well-recognized clinical challenge. Recent studies have demonstrated that the tumor microenvironment (TME) exerts a substantial influence on breast cancer progression, whereby alterations in its internal molecular components ultimately impact disease outcomes. Key factors implicated in this process include adipokines and microRNAs (miRNAs). This review provides a detailed description of how different adipocytokines exert specific mechanistic effects on breast cancer cells. By integrating adipokines with miRNAs, the discussion explores their combined roles in the initiation and progression of breast cancer, addressing a previously unaddressed research gap in studies focusing solely on individual adipokines. Furthermore, by examining the interactions between miRNAs and signaling pathways, this analysis offers a holistic perspective on the TME network, thereby fostering new therapeutic insights for breast cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251347917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12152388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Adults' Consideration of their Future General and Colorectal-Specific Cancer Risk.","authors":"Jackie Knight Wilt, Maria D Thomson","doi":"10.1177/10732748251348537","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251348537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) has a lengthy cellular mutation period and early onset (EOCRC) is linked to lifestyle-related factors. Primary prevention approaches earlier in the life course are needed. Emerging adulthood (age 18-25) is a critical stage for shaping health trajectories, and future orientation influences health behavior decisions. Little is known about emerging adults' consideration of future cancer risk (CFC-Cancer), or perceived CRC risk. This study characterizes emerging adult CFC-Cancer, perceived CRC risk, and how they relate to EOCRC lifestyle related factors and cancer prevention behaviors.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of college students at a public university. Measures included demographics, stress, family cancer history, and CRC knowledge. Previously validated measures for diet, sedentariness, smoking, alcohol consumption, and stress management assessed adherence with lifestyle prevention guidelines. HPV vaccination and skin checks appraised cancer prevention. Outcomes included perceived CRC risk (0%-100%) and CFC-Cancer adapted scale. Adjusted linear regression models examined CFC-Cancer and perceived CRC risk predictability.ResultsThe sample (N = 282) mean age was 20 years, 77% were female, 40% were White, and 67% had family cancer history. CRC knowledge μ = 14, and current stress was moderate. 18% completed both cancer prevention behaviors, and protective lifestyle behavior scores ranged between 2-15, μ = 8. Perceived CRC risk = 28%, and CFC-Cancer was moderate (μ = 61). CFC-Cancer model included significant predictors of GPA, CRC knowledge, and lifestyle health behavior score, while Perceived CRC Risk model included age and being employed.ConclusionEmerging adults overestimate CRC risk but also have moderate CFC-Cancer. Accurate CRC knowledge provided to this age group may help redirect CRC health trajectories through integration of EOCRC protective lifestyle health behaviors and sustaining them into adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251348537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peritumoral Radiomic Features on CT for Differential Diagnosis in Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Potential for Surgical Decision-Making.","authors":"Jie Lin, Hao Zheng, Yuan Dong, Lanqi Fu, Yujie Ding, Shucheng Huang, Shiwei Wang, Junna Wang","doi":"10.1177/10732748251351754","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251351754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with limited therapeutic outcomes and poor prognosis. Accurate diagnosis and optimal surgical decision-making remain critical challenges. This study aimed to develop and validate a clinical-radiomics nomogram integrating computed tomography (CT) radiomic features of the peritumoral region and clinical factors to improve SCLC diagnosis and guide surgical planning.<b>Methods:</b> A retrospective cohort of 113 patients (54 SCLC, 59 non-small cell lung cancer) was analyzed. CT images were processed to extract 1050 radiomic features from both intratumoral and peritumoral (2-mm expanded) ROIs. Feature selection was performed using t-tests, LASSO regression, and mRMR analysis. Logistic regression models were constructed for original and expanded ROIs, and a clinical-radiomics nomogram was developed by combining significant radiomic features with independent clinical predictors (gender, smoking history, tumor diameter, glitch, and neuron-specific enolase levels). Model performance was evaluated using ROC curves, AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and CIC curves.<b>Results:</b> The expanded ROI radiomics model outperformed the original ROI and clinical models, achieving higher accuracy (0.83 vs 0.76/0.70), sensitivity (0.80 vs 0.74/0.77), specificity (0.85 vs 0.75/0.65), and AUC (0.85 vs 0.76/0.71). The clinical-radiomics nomogram demonstrated superior diagnostic performance, with an AUC of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.88-1.00), accuracy of 0.91, sensitivity of 0.92, and specificity of 0.90. CIC analysis confirmed its clinical utility for surgical decision-making at intermediate-risk thresholds.<b>Conclusion:</b> The integration of peritumoral radiomic features and clinical factors into a nomogram provides a non-invasive tool for SCLC diagnosis and surgical planning. The superiority of the expanded model substantiates the potential presence of SCLC in peri-tumoral tissues that may be imperceptible through conventional imaging, thereby offering guidance for surgical decision-making. This approach has potential for improving treatment outcomes and warrants further validation in multicenter studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251351754"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Value of Body Composition Analysis on Non-Enhanced CT for Risk Stratification in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Wei Chen, Long-Yu Duan, Xiao-Juan Peng, Kun-Ming Yi, Lian-Qin Kuang","doi":"10.1177/10732748251342068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748251342068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionContrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) is the primary imaging modality for accurate risk stratification in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, contrast-enhanced CT may not always be accessible or suitable for all patients undergoing risk assessment of GISTs. Therefore, this study explored the use of non-enhanced CT imaging for assessing body composition in patients with GISTs to preoperatively predict risk stratification.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 233 patients with GISTs who met the inclusion criteria. Pretreatment complete abdominal CT images from these patients were processed and analyzed using the Siemens Syngo imaging system. The data were subsequently organized and analyzed using the SPSS software (version 26.0).ResultsThrough two independent samples t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and chi-square tests (including corrected chi-square tests and Fisher's exact tests), the intermediate-high risk group exhibited a lower visceral fat index (VFI) and higher tumor volumes and proportions of necrosis (<i>P</i> < .05), compared to the low-risk group (<i>P</i> < .05). No statistically significant differences were observed in the other indicators. Our research demonstrates that tumor volume is positively correlated with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) classification and exhibits the highest specificity among the four models (specificity = 0.735). However, its sensitivity is lower than that of the combined model (sensitivity = 0.803) and the VFI model (sensitivity = 0.972).ConclusionBased on the vascular abundance index, tumor volume, and necrosis status observed in the CT plain scan images of patients with GIST, a comprehensive predictive model was developed. This model can accurately predict the NIH grade of stromal tumors, thereby providing a robust basis for formulating effective treatment strategies and improving the prognosis of patients with GISTs who cannot undergo contrast-enhanced CT.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251342068"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study on the Causal Relationship Between Epstein-Barr Virus Antibodies and Prostate Cancer Risk.","authors":"Xiao-Bo Ding, Si-Yan Ren, He-Zhi Wen, Zhi-Bin Zhang, Jia-Ang Ye, Wen-Kai Pan, Jia-Qi Ye","doi":"10.1177/10732748251320842","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251320842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to examine the correlation between four distinct Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibodies (EA-D, EBNA-1, VCA-p18, and ZEBRA) and the likelihood of developing prostate cancer (PCa) using the Mendelian Randomization (MR) technique. The primary objective is to determine whether a causal relationship exists between these EBV antibodies and prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for EBV antibodies were sourced from the UK Biobank cohort, and prostate cancer data were obtained from the PRACTICAL consortium, which includes 79148 cases and 61106 controls. Univariable Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to evaluate the associations, while reverse Mendelian Randomization was employed to assess causality. Additionally, Multivariable Mendelian Randomization analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariable MR analysis revealed significant associations between EBV EA-D (OR = 1.084, 95% CI = 1.012-1.160, IVW_<i>P</i> = 0.021) and EBNA-1 (OR = 1.086, 95% CI = 1.025-1.150, IVW_<i>P</i> = 0.005) antibodies and an increased risk of prostate cancer. Reverse MR analysis did not establish a causal relationship. Multivariable MR analysis identified the EBV EBNA-1 antibody as an independent risk factor for prostate cancer (OR = 1.095, 95% CI = 1.042-1.151, IVW_<i>P</i> = 0.00036).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the association between EBV antibody levels, particularly EBNA-1, and prostate cancer risk, suggesting EBNA-1 as an independent risk factor. Future research is needed to elucidate the biological pathways linking EBV antibody levels to prostate cancer. These insights could be instrumental in developing targeted prevention strategies and therapeutic interventions for prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251320842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophage Polarisation in the Tumour Microenvironment: Recent Research Advances and Therapeutic Potential of Different Macrophage Reprogramming.","authors":"Rongqi Guo, Rui Wang, Weisong Zhang, Yangyang Li, Yihao Wang, Hao Wang, Xia Li, Jianxiang Song","doi":"10.1177/10732748251316604","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251316604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Macrophages are a critical component of the innate immune system, derived from monocytes, with significant roles in anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour activities. In the tumour microenvironment, however, macrophages are often reprogrammed into tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), which promote tumour growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To review recent advancements in the understanding of macrophage polarisation and reprogramming, highlighting their role in tumour progression and potential as therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>This is a review article synthesising findings from recent studies on macrophage polarisation and reprogramming in tumour biology.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>Not applicable (review of existing literature).</p><p><strong>Data collection and/or analysis: </strong>Key studies were identified and summarised to explore mechanisms of macrophage polarisation and reprogramming, focusing on M1/M2 polarisation, metabolic and epigenetic changes, and pathway regulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Macrophage reprogramming in the tumour microenvironment involves complex mechanisms, including phenotypic and functional alterations. These processes are influenced by M1/M2 polarisation, metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, and various signalling pathways. TAMs play a pivotal role in tumour progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance, making them prime targets for combination therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding the mechanisms underlying macrophage polarisation and reprogramming offers promising avenues for developing therapies to counteract tumour progression. Future research should focus on translating these insights into clinical applications for effective cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251316604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}