Cancer Control最新文献

{"title":"Automated Patient-specific Quality Assurance for Automated Segmentation of Organs at Risk in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Radiotherapy.","authors":"Yixuan Wang, Jiang Hu, Lixin Chen, Dandan Zhang, Jinhan Zhu","doi":"10.1177/10732748251318387","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251318387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Precision radiotherapy relies on accurate segmentation of tumor targets and organs at risk (OARs). Clinicians manually review automatically delineated structures on a case-by-case basis, a time-consuming process dependent on reviewer experience and alertness. This study proposes a general process for automated threshold generation for structural evaluation indicators and patient-specific quality assurance (QA) for automated segmentation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patient-specific QA process for automated segmentation involves determining the confidence limit and error structure highlight stage. Three expert physicians segmented 17 OARs using computed tomography images of NPC and compared them using the Dice similarity coefficient, the maximum Hausdorff distance, and the mean distance to agreement. For each OAR, the 95% confidence interval was calculated as the confidence limit for each indicator. If two or more evaluation indicators (N2) or one or more evaluation indicators (N1) exceeded the confidence limits, the structure segmentation result was considered abnormal. The quantitative performances of these two methods were compared with those obtained by artificially introducing small/medium and serious errors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity, specificity, balanced accuracy, and F-score values for N2 were 0.944 ± 0.052, 0.827 ± 0.149, 0.886 ± 0.076, and 0.936 ± 0.045, respectively, whereas those for N1 were 0.955 ± 0.045, 0.788 ± 0.189, 0.878 ± 0.096, and 0.948 ± 0.035, respectively. N2 and N1 had small/medium error detection rates of 97.67 ± 0.04% and 98.67 ± 0.04%, respectively, with a serious error detection rate of 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed automated patient-specific QA process effectively detected segmentation abnormalities, particularly serious errors. These are crucial for enhancing review efficiency and automated segmentation, and for improving physician confidence in automated segmentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251318387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentrations in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Its Association With Histological Grade in a Chinese Population.","authors":"Ying-Ying Cao, Xiao-Jing Lv, Hui Li, Li-Chao Qian, Hai-Peng Si, Yuan Li, Kai Guo, Shuai Ren, Zhong-Qiu Wang","doi":"10.1177/10732748251316602","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251316602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) may influence cancer development. However, its relationship with the histological grade of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is not well understood. This study aims to explore the potential associations between serum HDL-c levels and different histological grades of PDAC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 181 patients with pathologically confirmed PDAC who underwent radical surgery. Clinical data, blood biochemical results, imaging features, and pathological details of the patients were collected, such as age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, tumor grade, tumor size and location, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with high-grade PDAC had significantly lower HDL-c levels compared to those with low-grade PDAC across both training and validation cohorts (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Significant associations were found between HDL-c levels and high-grade PDAC in the training (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and validation (<i>P</i> = 0.044) groups. Moreover, HDL-c levels were inversely related to lymph node metastasis in the training (<i>P</i> = 0.001) and validation (<i>P</i> = 0.012) sets.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower HDL-c levels are associated with high-grade PDAC and lymph node metastasis, suggesting that HDL-c may play a protective role in the progression of PDAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251316602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11811967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Unplanned Readmission Due to Major Adverse Cardiac Events Among Hospitalized Patients with Blood Cancers.","authors":"Nguyen Le, Sola Han, Ahmed S Kenawy, Yeijin Kim, Chanhyun Park","doi":"10.1177/10732748251332803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748251332803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundHospitalized patients with blood cancer face an elevated risk for cardiovascular diseases caused by cardiotoxic cancer therapies, which can lead to cardiovascular-related unplanned readmissions.ObjectiveWe aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict 90-day unplanned readmissions for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in hospitalized patients with blood cancers.DesignA retrospective population-based cohort study.MethodsWe analyzed patients aged ≥18 with blood cancers (leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma) using the Nationwide Readmissions Database. MACE included acute myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, stroke, heart failure, revascularization, malignant arrhythmias, and cardiovascular-related death. Six ML algorithms (L2-Logistic regression, Support Vector Machine, Complement Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, XGBoost, and CatBoost) were trained on 2017-2018 data and tested on 2019 data. The SuperLearner algorithm was used for stacking models. Cost-sensitive learning addressed data imbalance, and hyperparameters were tuned using 5-fold cross-validation with Optuna framework. Performance metrics included the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (ROCAUC), Precision-Recall AUC (PRAUC), balanced Brier score, and F2 score. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values assessed feature importance, and clustering analysis identified high-risk subpopulations.ResultsAmong 76 957 patients, 1031 (1.34%) experienced unplanned 90-day MACE-related readmissions. CatBoost achieved the highest ROCAUC (0.737, 95% CI: 0.712-0.763) and PRAUC (0.040, 95% CI: 0.033-0.050). The SuperLearner algorithm achieved slight improvements in most performance metrics. Four leading predictive features were consistently identified across algorithms, including older age, heart failure, coronary atherosclerosis, and cardiac dysrhythmias. Twenty-three clusters were determined with the highest-risk cluster (mean log odds of 1.41) identified by nonrheumatic/unspecified valve disorders, coronary atherosclerosis, and heart failure.ConclusionsOur ML model effectively predicts MACE-related readmissions in hospitalized patients with blood cancers, highlighting key predictors. Targeted discharge strategies may help reduce readmissions and alleviate the associated healthcare burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251332803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Value of Body Composition Analysis on Non-Enhanced CT for Risk Stratification in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Wei Chen, Long-Yu Duan, Xiao-Juan Peng, Kun-Ming Yi, Lian-Qin Kuang","doi":"10.1177/10732748251342068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748251342068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionContrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) is the primary imaging modality for accurate risk stratification in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, contrast-enhanced CT may not always be accessible or suitable for all patients undergoing risk assessment of GISTs. Therefore, this study explored the use of non-enhanced CT imaging for assessing body composition in patients with GISTs to preoperatively predict risk stratification.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 233 patients with GISTs who met the inclusion criteria. Pretreatment complete abdominal CT images from these patients were processed and analyzed using the Siemens Syngo imaging system. The data were subsequently organized and analyzed using the SPSS software (version 26.0).ResultsThrough two independent samples t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and chi-square tests (including corrected chi-square tests and Fisher's exact tests), the intermediate-high risk group exhibited a lower visceral fat index (VFI) and higher tumor volumes and proportions of necrosis (<i>P</i> < .05), compared to the low-risk group (<i>P</i> < .05). No statistically significant differences were observed in the other indicators. Our research demonstrates that tumor volume is positively correlated with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) classification and exhibits the highest specificity among the four models (specificity = 0.735). However, its sensitivity is lower than that of the combined model (sensitivity = 0.803) and the VFI model (sensitivity = 0.972).ConclusionBased on the vascular abundance index, tumor volume, and necrosis status observed in the CT plain scan images of patients with GIST, a comprehensive predictive model was developed. This model can accurately predict the NIH grade of stromal tumors, thereby providing a robust basis for formulating effective treatment strategies and improving the prognosis of patients with GISTs who cannot undergo contrast-enhanced CT.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251342068"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study on the Causal Relationship Between Epstein-Barr Virus Antibodies and Prostate Cancer Risk.","authors":"Xiao-Bo Ding, Si-Yan Ren, He-Zhi Wen, Zhi-Bin Zhang, Jia-Ang Ye, Wen-Kai Pan, Jia-Qi Ye","doi":"10.1177/10732748251320842","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251320842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to examine the correlation between four distinct Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibodies (EA-D, EBNA-1, VCA-p18, and ZEBRA) and the likelihood of developing prostate cancer (PCa) using the Mendelian Randomization (MR) technique. The primary objective is to determine whether a causal relationship exists between these EBV antibodies and prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for EBV antibodies were sourced from the UK Biobank cohort, and prostate cancer data were obtained from the PRACTICAL consortium, which includes 79148 cases and 61106 controls. Univariable Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to evaluate the associations, while reverse Mendelian Randomization was employed to assess causality. Additionally, Multivariable Mendelian Randomization analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariable MR analysis revealed significant associations between EBV EA-D (OR = 1.084, 95% CI = 1.012-1.160, IVW_<i>P</i> = 0.021) and EBNA-1 (OR = 1.086, 95% CI = 1.025-1.150, IVW_<i>P</i> = 0.005) antibodies and an increased risk of prostate cancer. Reverse MR analysis did not establish a causal relationship. Multivariable MR analysis identified the EBV EBNA-1 antibody as an independent risk factor for prostate cancer (OR = 1.095, 95% CI = 1.042-1.151, IVW_<i>P</i> = 0.00036).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the association between EBV antibody levels, particularly EBNA-1, and prostate cancer risk, suggesting EBNA-1 as an independent risk factor. Future research is needed to elucidate the biological pathways linking EBV antibody levels to prostate cancer. These insights could be instrumental in developing targeted prevention strategies and therapeutic interventions for prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251320842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophage Polarisation in the Tumour Microenvironment: Recent Research Advances and Therapeutic Potential of Different Macrophage Reprogramming.","authors":"Rongqi Guo, Rui Wang, Weisong Zhang, Yangyang Li, Yihao Wang, Hao Wang, Xia Li, Jianxiang Song","doi":"10.1177/10732748251316604","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251316604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Macrophages are a critical component of the innate immune system, derived from monocytes, with significant roles in anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour activities. In the tumour microenvironment, however, macrophages are often reprogrammed into tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), which promote tumour growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To review recent advancements in the understanding of macrophage polarisation and reprogramming, highlighting their role in tumour progression and potential as therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>This is a review article synthesising findings from recent studies on macrophage polarisation and reprogramming in tumour biology.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>Not applicable (review of existing literature).</p><p><strong>Data collection and/or analysis: </strong>Key studies were identified and summarised to explore mechanisms of macrophage polarisation and reprogramming, focusing on M1/M2 polarisation, metabolic and epigenetic changes, and pathway regulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Macrophage reprogramming in the tumour microenvironment involves complex mechanisms, including phenotypic and functional alterations. These processes are influenced by M1/M2 polarisation, metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, and various signalling pathways. TAMs play a pivotal role in tumour progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance, making them prime targets for combination therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding the mechanisms underlying macrophage polarisation and reprogramming offers promising avenues for developing therapies to counteract tumour progression. Future research should focus on translating these insights into clinical applications for effective cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251316604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short- and Intermediate-Term Morbidity Following Total Pelvic Exenteration in Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Christopher Guske, Nusheen Immen, Devon Conant, Jose Laborde, Joshua Linscott, Mitchell Hayes, Seyed Behzad Jazayeri, Adnan Fazili, Erin Siegel, Sophie Dessureault, Julian Sanchez, Amalia Stefanou, Brandon Manley, Seth Felder","doi":"10.1177/10732748251316598","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251316598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Total pelvic exenteration (TPE) for clinical T4b colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with significant morbidity. Short (0-30 days)- and intermediate (31-90 days)-term temporal analysis of complication onset is not well described, yet needed, to better counsel patients considering TPE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with primary or recurrent clinical T4b pelvic CRC undergoing open TPE between 2014 and 2023 was conducted. Clinicopathologic variables were collected for each patient. Postoperative morbidity was classified according to the Clavien-Dindo (CD) grade system and stratified by time of onset within 90 days of surgery. Pearson's Chi-square test, Fisher's Exact test, and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare primary vs recurrent patient groups, and logistic regression assessed predictors of postoperative morbidity. Statistical analysis was performed using R with two-sided significance set at <0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven patients were identified of which 24 (88.9%) were male with a median age of 60.4 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 56.3-70.5). Seventeen (63.0%) patients had primary disease and 10 (37.0%) had recurrent CRC. Twenty-three (85.2%) patients experienced at least one complication within 90 days of surgery, but no mortality was observed. Ten (37.0%) patients experienced a CD ≥ 3 event, of which 40% took place beyond 30 days. The most common complication overall was anemia requiring transfusion, while the most common major complication was pelvic abscess. No clinicopathologic variables analyzed were predictive of major postoperative complication within 90 days of TPE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TPE for clinical T4b CRC carries a high risk of postoperative morbidity in both the short- and intermediate-term after surgery, with a significant proportion of complications occurring after 30 days. Given the magnitude of operation, an extended recovery with high risk for complications is common. Although a single-center series, this annotated postoperative complication profile may assist patients and clinicians when reviewing informed consent for TPE.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251316598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decision-Making for Ablation of Colorectal Liver Oligometastases Patients: A 10-Year Retrospective Study of Survival Outcomes Based on Right-Versus Left-Sided Primary Tumor Location.","authors":"Xiao-Guang Qi, Jian-Ming Li, Jian-Ping Dou, Fang-Yi Liu, Zhen Wang, Zhao-He Zhang, Ping Liang, Jie Yu","doi":"10.1177/10732748251324627","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251324627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo develop a prognostic model for optimizing management of colorectal liver oligometastases (CLOM) patients with different primary tumor locations who underwent thermal ablation (TA).Materials and MethodsThe reporting of this retrospective study conforms to STROBE guidelines. A total of 525 CLOM patients who underwent TA from 3 hospitals between 2011 and 2021 were enrolled. Firstly, intra and extrahepatic disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for CLOM patients with different primary tumor locations were analyzed. Then, cox regression models were used to identify independent factors predicting OS. Finally, a prognostic score was developed to identify CLOM patients benefiting from TA. All patient details were de-identified.ResultsA total of 423 eligible patients were identified, with 762 CLOM (121 male, median age 59 years) and a median follow-up of 45.8 (IQR, 7.3-114.8) months. Independent predictors of OS were identified, including multiple liver metastases (<i>P</i> = .0085), right-sided colon cancer (<i>P</i> = .0210), tumor size ≥2 cm (<i>P</i> = .0273), and lymph node metastasis of primary colorectal cancer (<i>P</i> = .0302), termed as the \"MRSL\" score. On the basis of the best separation of MRSL score, patients were divided into high-risk (cutoff value ≥8) and low-risk groups (cutoff value <8). Further stratified analysis indicated that right-sided CLOM patients had shorter OS than left-sided patients in the high-risk group (54.9 vs 92.5 months, <i>P</i> = .0156). However, no significant difference in OS was observed between right-sided and left-sided CLOM patients in the low-risk group (97.7 vs 102.2 months, <i>P</i> = .28).ConclusionThe MRSL score-based model helps in selecting potential right-sided CLOM patients who benefit from TA.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251324627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis Challenges in Adult Leukemia: Insights From a Single-Center Retrospective Study in Qatar (2016-2021).","authors":"Hesham A B Aboelkhir, Yousra El Alaoui, Regina Padmanabhan, Majed Hadid, Adel Elomri, Tanvir Alam, Mohamed Amine Rejeb, Halima El Omri, Ruba Y Taha, Hesham Elsabah, Abdelfatteh El Omri","doi":"10.1177/10732748241275026","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748241275026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesWhile delays in leukemia detection remain an ongoing challenge in hematologic cancer care, little is known about the factors associated with these delays. This article focuses on identifying the barriers hindering timely diagnosis of leukemia through a cohort analysis (2016-2021) of 220 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), 161 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), 90 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL), and 121 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients in Qatar.MethodsOf the 592 patients used for the study, subsets were identified and analyzed for delay (423), risk stratification (437), and leukemia stage (282).ResultsThere was an increasing trend in leukemia cases, with 32% of patients being diagnosed in the high-risk category. Out of 423 (median delay = 28 days) patients, 45% reported delayed diagnosis (median delay = 44 days). Further analysis of the association of delayed leukemia diagnosis using the univariate <math><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow></math>2 independence test revealed significant associations to patient referral type, and the presence of certain comorbidities and symptoms.ConclusionSignificant delays in leukemia diagnosis were identified, though the exact cause remains unclear. These delays can be attributed to factors such as patient, primary care, referral, system, and physician delays. Therefore, further investigation is imperative for improving the detection, diagnosis, and referral processes in hematologic cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748241275026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143736098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Adenocarcinoma With Bone Metastases: Clinicogenomic Profiling and Insights Into Prognostic Factors.","authors":"Ahmed H Al Sharie, Rami K Jadallah, Mahmoud Z Al-Bataineh, Lana E Obeidat, Hanin Lataifeh, Mahmoud I Tarad, Mustafa Q Khasawneh, Walaa Almdallal, Tamam El-Elimat, Feras Q Alali","doi":"10.1177/10732748251325587","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10732748251325587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionLung adenocarcinoma is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Understanding the clinicopathological profiles and genomic drivers of its metastatic patterns is a crucial step for risk stratification. Herein, we investigated the clinicogenomic features of bone metastases in lung adenocarcinoma and their prognostic value.MethodsA retrospective cohort study with a total of 4064 patients with various metastatic patterns of lung adenocarcinoma were included, obtaining relevant clinical data and genomic profiles. Patients were categorized based on the presence or absence of bone metastases. A comparative analysis of both groups in terms of demographics, disease status, somatic mutations, and microsatellite instability was carried out. Significantly different variables were tested for their association with bone metastases. Cox regression analyses were utilized to identify independent survival prognostic variables in the bone metastases sub-cohort.ResultsGender, concomitant metastases (to adrenal gland, nervous system, lymph nodes, liver, lung, mediastinum, pleura, and skin), and aberrations in <i>TP53</i>, <i>EGFR</i>, <i>KEAP1</i>, and <i>MYC</i> were associated with bone metastases in lung adenocarcinoma. Survival analyses within the bone metastases sub-cohort have illustrated the following variables to possess poor prognostic signature including age > 75, female gender, White ethnicity, distant metastases (adrenal gland, central nervous system, intra-abdominal, and liver), <i>EGFR</i> (wild type), <i>KEAP1</i> (mutant), <i>MYC</i> (mutant), <i>KRAS</i> (mutant), and <i>SMARCA4</i> (mutant).ConclusionKey clinical and genomic factors associated with lung adenocarcinoma bone metastases have been highlighted, providing exploratory insights into high-risk individuals. Future studies should be directed to validate these prognostic variables in larger, more diverse cohorts to enhance generalizability.</p>","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":"32 ","pages":"10732748251325587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}