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Conchophilia: Shells, Art, and Curiosity in Early Modern Europe, edited by Marisa Anne Bass, Anne Goldgar, Hanneke Grootenboer and Claudia Swan 《恋物癖：早期现代欧洲的贝壳、艺术和好奇心》，玛丽莎·安妮·巴斯、安妮·戈德加、汉内克·格罗滕博和克劳迪娅·斯旺编辑
IF 0.3 2区 哲学
Early Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1163/15733823-20220050
M. Rijks
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引用次数: 0
Reply to Mark Thakkar 对Mark Thakkar的答复
IF 0.3 2区 哲学
Early Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1163/15733823-20220043
R. Schuessler
{"title":"Reply to Mark Thakkar","authors":"R. Schuessler","doi":"10.1163/15733823-20220043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15733823-20220043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49081,"journal":{"name":"Early Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43611814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shadows in Medieval Optics, Practical Geometry, and Astronomy: On a Perspectiva Ascribed to Thomas Bradwardine 中世纪光学、实用几何和天文学中的阴影:托马斯·布拉德瓦尔丁的观点
IF 0.3 2区 哲学
Early Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1163/15733823-20220044
Lukáš Lička
{"title":"Shadows in Medieval Optics, Practical Geometry, and Astronomy: On a Perspectiva Ascribed to Thomas Bradwardine","authors":"Lukáš Lička","doi":"10.1163/15733823-20220044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15733823-20220044","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In examining the roles of the shadow (umbra) in medieval science, this paper analyses a hitherto unstudied early fourteenth-century optical treatise with the incipit Perspectiva cum sit una (PCSU), which, on the basis of medieval evidence, may arguably be attributed to Thomas Bradwardine. The third part of this treatise, on shadows, presents the doctrine of three shadow shapes – a doctrine which was popular in pre-modern optics and astronomy and was important in explaining eclipses – as well as the theory of umbra recta and versa, parallels of (co)tangent functions, which were essential for (instrumental) measurements. While the bulk of the treatise draws on John Peckham’s Perspectiva communis, an extensive analysis of medieval canons to astronomical tables, manuals of practical geometry and texts on instruments leads us to Campanus of Novara’s Practica quadrantis as the chief source of the last chapter of PCSU. Finally, the paper reflects on whether the light-centred conception of optics embodied in the PCSU may echo an alternative current to the otherwise predominantly sight-centred approach in pre-modern optics.","PeriodicalId":49081,"journal":{"name":"Early Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45902159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Open Forum 开放论坛
IF 0.3 2区 哲学
Early Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1163/15733823-20220041
The Editor
{"title":"Open Forum","authors":"The Editor","doi":"10.1163/15733823-20220041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15733823-20220041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49081,"journal":{"name":"Early Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43517855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Note on Equiprobability Prior to 1500 关于1500年以前等概率的说明
IF 0.3 2区 哲学
Early Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1163/15733823-20220042
M. Thakkar
{"title":"A Note on Equiprobability Prior to 1500","authors":"M. Thakkar","doi":"10.1163/15733823-20220042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15733823-20220042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Rudolf Schuessler has argued that sixteenth-century thinkers developed a concept of equal probability that was virtually absent before 1500 and that may have contributed to the birth of mathematical probability shortly after 1650. This note uses additional textual evidence to argue that the concept of equal probability was in fact generally available to medieval thinkers. It is true that ascriptions of equal probability are comparatively rare in medieval texts, but this can be explained without positing a conceptual blind spot.","PeriodicalId":49081,"journal":{"name":"Early Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48677836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Southern Sky and the Renovation of the Ptolemaic Tradition in Sixteenth-Century Italian Astrologers 南方天空与16世纪意大利占星家托勒密传统的革新
IF 0.3 2区 哲学
Early Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1163/15733823-20220040
Virginia Iommi Echeverría
{"title":"The Southern Sky and the Renovation of the Ptolemaic Tradition in Sixteenth-Century Italian Astrologers","authors":"Virginia Iommi Echeverría","doi":"10.1163/15733823-20220040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15733823-20220040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article examines the use of astronomical observations of the austral sky in treatises written by Italian astrologers during the sixteenth century. The references made to navigators’ accounts and diagrams of southern stars in the works of Agostino Nifo, Girolamo Cardano, Francesco Giuntini and Francesco Pifferi show their attempts to include previously unknown stars in Ptolemaic framing. Although this approach implies the defence of traditional astrology by recognising the need to broaden its contents, none of the authors studied here put forward an astrological interpretation of the new information available.","PeriodicalId":49081,"journal":{"name":"Early Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46211627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Concept of Changing Laws of Nature in the Baconian Corpus from 1597 to 1623 1597-1623年巴科尼语料库中自然变化规律的概念
IF 0.3 2区 哲学
Early Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1163/15733823-20220039
Aderemi Artis
{"title":"The Concept of Changing Laws of Nature in the Baconian Corpus from 1597 to 1623","authors":"Aderemi Artis","doi":"10.1163/15733823-20220039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15733823-20220039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In his Confession of Faith, Francis Bacon makes the striking claim that the laws of nature have changed over time. While the connections between this claim and theology are outlined in the Confession itself, it is not clear what role the proposal of mutable laws of nature might play in Bacon’s program of reform for natural philosophy. I argue that the notion that the laws of nature have changed over time plays a significant role in shaping the character and content of much of Baconian natural philosophy. I explore this role as it evolves in published works from the 1597 Meditationes Sacrae to the 1623 Historia Vitae et Mortis, while also showing how unpublished material can provide important clarification and illumination of the published works.","PeriodicalId":49081,"journal":{"name":"Early Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46648930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La Science prise aux mots: enquête sur le lexique scientifique de la Renaissance, edited by Violaine Giacomotto-Charra and Myriam Marrache-Gouraud 从文字中获得的科学:文艺复兴时期科学词典的调查，由Violaine Giacomotto-Charra和Myriam marrach - gouraud编辑
IF 0.3 2区 哲学
Early Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-03-23 DOI: 10.1163/15733823-12340038
Chiara Cacciola
{"title":"La Science prise aux mots: enquête sur le lexique scientifique de la Renaissance, edited by Violaine Giacomotto-Charra and Myriam Marrache-Gouraud","authors":"Chiara Cacciola","doi":"10.1163/15733823-12340038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15733823-12340038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49081,"journal":{"name":"Early Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45761297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La thériaque: Histoire d’un remède millénaire, edited by Véronique Boudon-Millot and Françoise Micheau theriaque:千年疗法的历史，veronique Boudon-Millot和francoise Micheau编辑
IF 0.3 2区 哲学
Early Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-03-23 DOI: 10.1163/15733823-12340035
S. Mucci
{"title":"La thériaque: Histoire d’un remède millénaire, edited by Véronique Boudon-Millot and Françoise Micheau","authors":"S. Mucci","doi":"10.1163/15733823-12340035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15733823-12340035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49081,"journal":{"name":"Early Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46559781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Jumble of Writings: Commentaries on Aristotle’s De Longitudine et Brevitate Vitae Attributed to Adam of Buckfield 杂乱的著作:评亚里士多德的《经度与短命》，归因于巴克菲尔德的亚当
IF 0.3 2区 哲学
Early Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-03-23 DOI: 10.1163/15733823-12340033
Tilke Nelis
{"title":"A Jumble of Writings: Commentaries on Aristotle’s De Longitudine et Brevitate Vitae Attributed to Adam of Buckfield","authors":"Tilke Nelis","doi":"10.1163/15733823-12340033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15733823-12340033","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The translatio vetus of Aristotle’s De longitudine et brevitate vitae – a medieval text also known under the title of De morte et vita – was commented upon by the Oxford Master Adam of Buckfield in the thirteenth century. Inventories record two commentaries, which are either anonymous or unclearly ascribed. These writings are usually attributed by modern scholarship to Buckfield, though not always on convincing grounds. In the present article, I offer a more accurate, expanded overview of some so-called Buckfield commentaries on the translatio vetus, distinguishing between four individual texts. In order to characterize these writings, and to have a solid basis for addressing the authenticity problem, one passage from each commentary is scrutinized within the scope of a case study.","PeriodicalId":49081,"journal":{"name":"Early Science and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42337950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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