{"title":"A pathological complete response to capecitabine plus oxaliplatin regimen combined with tislelizumab in advanced gastric cancer with liver metastases: A case report.","authors":"Li-Ping Sheng, Yun-Lin Huang, Zhi Wang, Hai-Fang Zhang, Jin-Yan Zhang, Xiao-Yi Lei","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2406061","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2406061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 66-year-old female patient presenting with dysphagia was diagnosed with stage IV unresectable gastric cancer (cTxN+M1). Multiple liver metastases were identified. The patient subsequently underwent five courses of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, including the capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) regimen combined with tislelizumab. After fifth course treatment, it was confirmed that the liver metastases had completely disappeared and the primary tumor had significantly reduced in size. Consequently, a laparoscopy was performed, revealing a retraction-like response in the primary tumor and no obvious metastases in the abdominal cavity. Subsequently, a radical total gastrectomy was carried out through open abdominal surgery. Pathological analysis showed no remaining cancer or lymph node metastases, and the tumor regression was classified as grade 0. The patient has been now receiving additional chemotherapy and immunotherapy to manage any potential residual metastases. This case illustrated the rare and significant impact of combining chemotherapy with tislelizumab, transitioning the treatment approach from palliative to curative. It highlighted the critical role of immunotherapy in managing advanced gastric cancer with liver metastases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2406061"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adverse event reporting following immunization of hepatitis B vaccine: A 13-year review.","authors":"Xiaoying Gong, Quanjun Fang, Jianyue Zhong, Canjie Zheng, Zhiying Yin","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2411824","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2411824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B vaccination is the most effective means of interrupting HBV transmission. Although the hepatitis B vaccine is very effective and safe, adverse events following immunization do occur and need to be reported so that problems can be identified and appropriate corrective action can be taken. Most of the research on AEFI focuses on the safety observation of newly used vaccines, and there are few long-term studies on AEFI of the hepatitis B vaccine. This study retrospectively analyzes the reporting rate, clinical symptoms, and onset time of AEFI of the hepatitis B vaccine in Quzhou from 2011 to 2023, and compares the differences in AEFI reporting rates between different types of hepatitis B vaccines, different vaccination ages, and different doses. The surveillance results show that from 2011 to 2023, the AEFI reporting rate of hepatitis B Vaccines in Quzhou was 17.55/100,000 doses. 98.73% of reported AEFI were non-serious. The types of AEFI reported were vaccine product-related reactions, immunization anxiety-related reactions, and coincidental events. 94.12% of vaccine product-related reactions occurred within 3 days, and the main symptoms were fever, local reactions at the injection site, and rash. The AEFI reporting rate of the CHO vaccine was higher than that of the yeast vaccines, and the probability of AEFI in children under 1 year of age receiving the hepatitis B vaccine was higher in the latter dose than in the previous dose. The 13-year-long AEFI surveillance provides reliable evidence of the safety of the hepatitis B vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2411824"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comment on \"Bibliometric analysis of dendritic cell-based vaccines over the past 15 years\".","authors":"Hua Zhao, Jiayue Xu, Kun Xu, Yuejun Zhou","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2405313","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2405313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2405313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conversion therapy with chemoimmunotherapy induced pCR in a stage IV lung squamous cell carcinoma patient harboring <i>EGFR</i> exon 20 insertion.","authors":"Mingjin Xu, Xingfa Huo, Chuantao Zhang, Xuchen Zhang, Huiyun Wang, Hongmin Yang, Nan Ge, Yongjie Wang, Helei Hou","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2431384","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2431384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case study details an innovative conversion therapy strategy in a 58-year-old Asian male with baseline stage cT<sub>4</sub>N<sub>1</sub>M<sub>1b</sub> advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) harboring a rare <i>EGFR</i> exon 20 insertion mutation with concurrent high PD-L1 expression who achieved a pathologic complete response (pCR) after preoperative immunotherapy plus chemotherapy. The patient initially presented with coughing and bloody sputum and was comprehensively diagnosed via PET/CT scanning, bronchoscopic biopsy and next-generation sequencing. After four cycles of platinum‒paclitaxel chemotherapy plus immunotherapy with pembrolizumab (a PD-1 blockade), significant primary tumor shrinkage and the disappearance of oligometastasis in the right adrenal gland were discovered via CT scans. The subsequent salvage lung surgery resulted in a pCR, and the patient continued postoperative maintenance immunotherapy. No evidence of disease relapse or immune-related adverse events occurred after a post-surgery follow-up time of 9.4 months. This case highlights the potential value and challenges of immunotherapy plus chemotherapy as conversion therapy strategy in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring rare <i>EGFR</i> exon 20 insertions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2431384"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11610548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic characterization and estimated 4CMenB vaccine strain coverage of 284 <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> isolates causing invasive meningococcal disease in Argentina in 2010-2014.","authors":"Adriana Efron, Alessandro Brozzi, Alessia Biolchi, Margherita Bodini, Maria Giuliani, Silvia Guidotti, Federico Lorenzo, María Alicia Moscoloni, Alessandro Muzzi, Florencia Nocita, Mariagrazia Pizza, Rino Rappuoli, Sara Tomei, Gabriela Vidal, Carla Vizzotti, Josefina Campos, Cecilia Sorhouet Pereira","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2378537","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2378537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meningococcal (<i>Neisseria meningitidis</i>) serogroup B (MenB) strain antigens are diverse and a limited number of strains can be evaluated using the human serum bactericidal antibody (hSBA) assay. The genetic Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (gMATS) was developed to predict the likelihood of coverage for large numbers of isolates by the 4CMenB vaccine, which includes antigens <i>Neisseria</i> adhesin A (NadA), Neisserial Heparin-Binding Antigen (NHBA), factor H-binding protein (fHbp), and Porin A (PorA). In this study, we characterized by whole-genome analyses 284 invasive MenB isolates collected from 2010 to 2014 by the Argentinian National Laboratories Network (52-61 isolates per year). Strain coverage was estimated by gMATS on all isolates and by hSBA assay on 74 randomly selected isolates, representative of the whole panel. The four most common clonal complexes (CCs), accounting for 81.3% of isolates, were CC-865 (75 isolates, 26.4%), CC-32 (59, 20.8%), CC-35 (59, 20.8%), and CC-41/44 (38, 13.4%). Vaccine antigen genotyping showed diversity. The most prevalent variants/peptides were fHbp variant 2, NHBA peptides 24, 21, and 2, and PorA variable region 2 profiles 16-36 and 14. The <i>nadA</i> gene was present in 66 (23.2%) isolates. Estimated strain coverage by hSBA assay showed 78.4% of isolates were killed by pooled adolescent sera, and 51.4% and 64.9% (based on two different thresholds) were killed by pooled infant sera. Estimated coverage by gMATS (61.3%; prediction interval: 55.5%, 66.7%) was consistent with the infant hSBA assay results. Continued genomic surveillance is needed to evaluate the persistence of major MenB CCs in Argentina.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2378537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring prognostic factors for survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing PD-1 inhibitor immunotherapy.","authors":"Yue Ma, Shiyun Chen, Guanghai Dai","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2376429","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2376429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunotherapy, led by programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, has emerged as a prominent antitumor therapy, yet prognostic challenges persist in pancreatic cancer (PC). This retrospective, single-center study evaluated prognostic factors in advanced PC patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors at the PLA General Hospital's Oncology Department from 2015-2022. With ethics approval by the Ethics Committee of the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army (S2021-228-03), we analyzed 126 patients using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models. <i>p</i> < .05 was considered a statistically significant difference. Median overall survival (mOS) and progression-free survival (mPFS) were 12.1 and 4.6 months, respectively. Significant mOS predictors were surgery history (44.2 months vs. 10 months, *<i>p</i> = .022), absence of liver metastases (44.2 months vs. 6.4 months, *<i>p</i> = .034), and baseline CA19-9 ≤ 216.15 U/ml (18.5 months vs. 9.2 months, *<i>p</i> = .049). For mPFS, histologic differentiation (5.5 months vs. 3.2 months, *<i>p</i> = .022) and first-line PD-1 inhibitor use (5.1 months vs. 1.5 months, ***<i>p</i> = .001) were key. Subgroup analyses highlighted early progression in low histologic differentiation and earlier death without surgery. History of surgery, absence of liver metastases, baseline CA19-9 level, and histologic intermediate/high differentiation may predict PD-1 inhibitor efficacy in advanced PC, pending validation in prospective trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2376429"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vaccine approaches to treat urothelial cancer.","authors":"Giulia Claire Giudice, Guru P Sonpavde","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2379086","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2379086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bladder cancer (BC) accounts for about 4% of all malignancies. Non-muscle-invasive BC, 75% of cases, is treated with transurethral resection and adjuvant intravesical instillation, while muscle-invasive BC warrants cisplatin-based perioperative chemotherapy. Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors, antibody drug conjugates and targeted agents have provided dramatic advances, metastatic BC remains a generally incurable disease and clinical trials continue to vigorously evaluate novel molecules. Cancer vaccines aim at activating the patient's immune system against tumor cells. Several means of delivering neoantigens have been developed, including peptides, antigen-presenting cells, virus, or nucleic acids. Various improvements are constantly being explored, such as adjuvants use and combination strategies. Nucleic acids-based vaccines are increasingly gaining attention in recent years, with promising results in other malignancies. However, despite the recent advantages, numerous obstacles persist. This review is aimed at describing the different types of cancer vaccines, their evaluations in UC patients and the more recent innovations in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2379086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Loubet, Benjamin Gaborit, Mathilde Salpin, Hèlene Gardeney, Ilies Benotmane, Thomas Systchenko
{"title":"Characteristics of the first immunocompromised patients to receive sipavibart as an early access treatment for COVID-19 pre-exposure prophylaxis in France.","authors":"Paul Loubet, Benjamin Gaborit, Mathilde Salpin, Hèlene Gardeney, Ilies Benotmane, Thomas Systchenko","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2387221","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2387221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>France was the first country to grant Sipavibart (AZD3152, an investigational long-acting monoclonal antibody) as a COVID-19 pre-exposure prophylaxis treatment in immunocompromised individuals in December 2023. The first patients to receive Sipavibart had different profiles, but they were all highly immunocompromised with frequently associated hypogammaglobulinemia and other chronic conditions. No adverse event was reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2387221"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11328879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}