International Health最新文献

{"title":"Primary schools' readiness for SARS-CoV-2 preventive measures in Maputo City, Mozambique: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Adilson Fernando Loforte Bauhofer, Ramígio Pololo, Assucênio Chissaque, Fernanda Campos, Édio Ussivane, Luciana António, Fátima Iahaia, Emerson Miranda, Aline Gatambire, Luzia Gonçalves, Nilsa de Deus, Osvaldo Inlamea","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihaf001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/inthealth/ihaf001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To reduce the spread and transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), schools implemented a series of non-pharmacological interventions such as handwashing stations and cleaning protocols. A baseline assessment of the available interventions and readiness scores for SARS-CoV-2 prevention was conducted in primary schools in Maputo City, Mozambique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between August and October 2023. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire that assessed the availability of preventive measures. Readiness scores were calculated, based on the relative frequency of available preventive measures against SARS-CoV-2, recommended by the government. Schools with readiness scores of 100% were considered ready.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the enrolled schools, 60.6% (66/109) were from the public sector. The median readiness score for preventive measures against SARS-CoV-2 implemented in schools was 70%. Water was the most frequent available measure, with 98.2% (107/109). Ash/soap for handwashing (47.7% [52/109]) and functioning thermometers (31.2% [34/109]) were the least available measures. Private schools showed significantly higher readiness scores compared with public schools (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Private compared with public schools had higher readiness scores for preventive measures against SARS-CoV-2 in Maputo City, Mozambique. These findings suggest a need for targeted interventions to improve readiness in public schools.</p>","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":"535-541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity and protein-intake strategies to prevent sarcopenia in older people.","authors":"Eunjae Lee, In-Dong Kim, Seung-Taek Lim","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae064","DOIUrl":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to determine the physical activity level and protein intake of older people with sarcopenia and investigate the adequate protein intake of older people in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1215 older people were recruited from the ninth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants' physical activity, handgrip strength, appendicular skeletal muscle mass and food intake were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A one-way ANOVA revealed that the normal group exhibited significantly higher values for moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (male p=0.035 and female p=0.028), total intake kcal (p<0.001), carbohydrate (p<0.001), proteins (p<0.001) and fats (male p<0.001 and female p=0.005) compared with all other groups. Participants who met the recommended protein intake demonstrated significantly higher muscle mass (OR=2.16) and muscle strength (OR=2.31) compared with those who did not meet the recommended protein intake. A significant positive correlation between protein intake and skeletal muscle index (r=0.354, p<0.001) and handgrip strength (r=0.358, p<0.001) was observed across all participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older individuals who do not meet the recommended protein intake are more likely to experience a loss of muscle mass and strength compared with those who receive the recommended protein intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":"423-430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing artificial intelligence for skin-related neglected tropical diseases (skin NTDs): opportunities, challenges and future directions.","authors":"Rie R Yotsu, Sebastine Oseghae Oiwoh, Hawah Mbali, Niraj Parajuli, Wendemagegn Enbiale, José A Ruiz-Postigo","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihaf068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihaf068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the influence of levels of physical activity and socio-economic conditions on body mass index of adolescents.","authors":"Li Liu, Yongsen Liu, Tingran Zhang, Jiong Luo","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae083","DOIUrl":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We explored the relationship between adolescent physical activity levels, socio-economic conditions and body mass index (BMI) in order to gain a deeper understanding of the relevant factors affecting adolescent obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of middle school students in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone. Multiple linear and logistic regression analysis methods were used to statistically analyse the data obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The level of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) not only significantly reduces the incidence of obesity in adolescents, it also has a positive effect on avoiding underweight in adolescents. The impact of a father's BMI on a son's weight is higher than that of a daughter, while the impact of a mother's BMI on a child's weight is the opposite. High monthly income has a positive effect on reducing the BMI of male and female adolescents, but full-time working mothers actually increase the risk of obesity in their children. Teenagers who have exercise habits or view exercise as a form of enjoyment have a significantly reduced risk of obesity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The level of MVPA and exercise habits are important factors in inhibiting the development of obesity in adolescent students.</p>","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":"470-480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of addressing the top 10 global causes of death on life expectancy in 2019: a global and regional analysis.","authors":"Fatemeh Shahbazi, Samad Moslehi, Zahra Mirzaei, Younes Mohammadi","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae091","DOIUrl":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The life expectancy (LE) index reflects health changes in society, highlighting trends in health quality and quantity. This study focused on analysing the impact of the top 10 causes of death on the global increase in LE in 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on the top 10 causes of death in 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease website and a period life table was used to assess how eliminating these causes would impact LE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the global level, eliminating deaths from ischaemic heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lower respiratory infections, neonatal conditions, lung cancers, Alzheimer's disease, diarrheal diseases, diabetes mellitus and kidney diseases resulted in an increase in LE at birth of 2.44, 1.64, 0.75, 0.80, 4.06, 0.48, 0.36, 0.52, 0.36 and 0.35 y, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The analysis reveals a gender gap in LE influenced by specific causes of death and regional differences. Therefore, public health policies should be customized for each area to target reductions in deaths that significantly improve LE.</p>","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":"517-526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RE: 'Laboratory capacity expansion: lessons from establishing molecular testing in regional referral laboratories in Ethiopia'.","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae054","DOIUrl":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":"602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations and expectations for the administration of dispersible arpraziquantel to young children: a landscape analysis.","authors":"Johanna Kurscheid, Andrea Buhl, Erica Westenberg, Marta Sólveig Palmeirim, Andrea Sylvia Winkler, Peter Steinmann, Nora Monnier","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae092","DOIUrl":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schistosomiasis is a serious public health problem in many African countries and beyond. Preventive chemotherapy with praziquantel is a successful public health intervention that is recommended for all communities at risk, commonly reached through large-scale mass drug administration campaigns. However, preschool-age children are currently not routinely targeted for treatment due to operational challenges related to dosing and administration with the standard drug formulation. In response to the need for a suitable, child-friendly treatment, the multistakeholder Pediatric Praziquantel Consortium has developed a novel dispersible tablet with improved taste and smaller size. To prepare the introduction and inform future uptake of the novel paediatric formulation in endemic countries, we conducted a landscape analysis to explore perspectives, opinions and experiences of key stakeholders on operational and practical issues in relation to drug dosing and administration. Our findings confirm that child-friendly drug formulations mitigate several operational constraints related to the dosing and administration in young children. The introduction of this novel child health intervention into routine platforms and programs requires solid training and careful communication by engaging with communities, caregivers, healthcare workers and decision-makers to ensure acceptance and future uptake of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":"527-534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lived experience and lessons learned from the support of two secondary eye care units to improve cataract surgery and refractive services in two regions of Ethiopia: health system-strengthening support.","authors":"Tsegaye Alemu, Dawit Seyum, Samson Tesfaye, Alemayehu Sisay, Andrew Wardle, Mende Mensa Sorato","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae074","DOIUrl":"10.1093/inthealth/ihae074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Blindness and poor eyesight are significant public health issues globally and specifically in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, there is limited access to cataract surgery and refractive error treatment centers. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the role of health system support in improving access to eye care services, particularly cataract surgery and refractive error treatment services in two secondary eye care units (SECUs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A parallel mixed-lived experience study was conducted in two SECUs. A desk review of relevant project documents and health facility activity reports was performed for quantitative data. The study was conducted from 12 December 2022 to 30 January 2023. A total of 21 in-depth interview participants were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 14 106 cataract surgeries were performed during the pilot project implementation period. Assela Teaching and Referral Hospital Eye Care Unit performed cataract surgery 20-30 times per week. Similarly, Debre Tabor Comprehensive Hospital performed cataract surgery 18-24 times per week. The refractive service of the two SECUs was planned to range from 15-30 to 60 per week, and the refractive services were increased from 50-60 per week in both eye care units.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This project has significantly helped the existing health system achieve the 2030 global target and has improved access to eye care services in selected SECUs. The use of cataract surgery and refractive error performance markedly increased from 0 to 100%.</p>","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":"431-439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products: an umbrella review of meta-analyses.","authors":"Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi, Mohammad Jokar, Arman Abdous, Mohammad Hasan Rabiee, Farzad Heydari Bahman Biglo, Vahid Rahmanian","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihaf002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/inthealth/ihaf002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a derivative of aflatoxin B1 and a significant contaminant of milk and dairy products. In this study, we implemented an umbrella review of all existing systematic reviews and meta-analyzing studies to apprise and summarize the worldwide prevalence and level of AFM1 in milk and dairy products.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review of structured review and meta-analysis articles published in English until January 2024, with no time limit. Articles were sourced from reputable databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Relevant studies from Google Scholar were also included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of AFM1 in all dairy products was 66.2% (95% CI 60.6 to 71.9%), with high heterogeneity (I²=99.7%, Q statistic=2221.03, p<0.0001). The prevalence for specific dairy products was as follows: raw milk, 64.8% (95% CI 60.9 to 68.7%); pasteurized milk, 88.7% (95% CI 81.6 to 95.7%); sterilized milk, 71.0% (95% CI 67.2 to 74.8%); ultra-high temperature processing (UHT) milk, 67.9% (95% CI 64.9 to 70.9%); yogurt, 58.8% (95% CI 42.5 to 75.1%); doogh, 17.2% (95% CI 13.9 to 20.5%); and cheese 49.8% (95% CI 47.8 to 51.9%). The overall mean concentration of AFM1 across all dairy products was 57.22 ng/kg (95% CI 46.95 to 67.49), with significant heterogeneity (I²=99.7%, Q statistic=2221.03, p<0.0001). Mean AFM1 levels (ng/kg) for each dairy product were as follows: raw milk, 52.51 (95% CI 40.96 to 64.05); pasteurized milk, 71.14 (95% CI 48.81 to 93.47); sterilized milk, 60.10 (95% CI 30.90 to 89.30); UHT milk, 82.57 (95% CI 35.30 to 129.85); yogurt, 46.74 (95% CI 24.27 to 69.21); and doogh, 41.60 (95% CI 32.60 to 50.60).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In total, these results highlight the importance of increasing the regulation of animal feed, reducing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in animal feed, and monitoring AFM1 in dairy products, particularly raw and heated milk.</p>","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":"403-415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimate partner violence and maternal antenatal care utilization: is there a dose-response relationship? Findings from the Ethiopian National Demographic and Health Survey.","authors":"Bazie Mekonnen, Abebe Gebremariam, Negussie Deyessa, John N Cranmer","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihaf003","DOIUrl":"10.1093/inthealth/ihaf003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is an enduring public health challenge. Adequate utilization of antenatal care (ANC) services is one strategy to mitigate the problem by identifying and managing pregnancy risks early. Yet, in SSA, uptake of ANC remains low. Intimate partner violence (IPV) may be a deterrent to ANC uptake. We measured the dose-response relationship between IPV and adequate ANC utilization (defined as four or more visits [ANC-4]) using data from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2016.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used complex sample logistic regression to measure the impact of three IPV subscales (emotional, sexual and physical) on ANC-4 while controlling for sociodemographic, obstetric and women empowerment factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2599 (weighted) currently married or in-union women were included. There was a significant dose-response relationship between IPV and ANC utilization. Emotional (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.78 [confidence interval {CI} 0.64 to 0.97]) and sexual (aOR 0.68 [CI 0.50 to 0.92]) violence decreased ANC-4 uptake while controlling for the covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IPV is common, yet often invisible, in Ethiopia. Health workers may begin directly screening pregnant women for IPV in order to increase targeted support of ANC uptake. This is the first known study to confirm IPV has a dose-response relationship with ANC-4 uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":"542-551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12212190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}