International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Hospitalizations Due to Primary Care-Sensitive Conditions Related to Diabetes Mellitus in a State in the Northeast of Brazil.","authors":"Afonso Abreu Mendes Júnior, Álvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa, Guilherme Reis de Santana Santos, Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida Lima, Allan Dantas Dos Santos, Valdemar Silva Almeida, Ernanes Menezes Dos Santos, Maria Idelcacia Nunes Oliveira, José Cleyton Santana Góis, Regina Cláudia Silva Souza, Liliane Moretti Carneiro, Maria do Carmo de Oliveira, Emerson Lucas Silva Camargo, Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111538","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospitalizations due to primary care-sensitive conditions (PCSCs) can be considered a proxy for the effectiveness of primary healthcare (PHC), especially diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal, spatial, and space-time patterns of PCSCs associated with DM in a state in Northeast Brazil from 2008 to 2022. An ecological and time-series study that included all records related to PCSCs-DM from the 75 municipalities of Sergipe was conducted. Segmented linear regression, global (I) and local (LISA) Moran indices, spatial scanning, Spearman correlation tests, bivariate I, and LISA were used in our analysis to examine the temporal trends and clusters of high spatial risk. Overall, 14,390 PCSCs-DM were recorded between 2008 and 2022. There was a higher prevalence of PCSCs-DM among women (53.75%) and individuals over 70 years old (57.60%). Temporal trends in PCSCs-DM were increasing with regard to the overall rate (AAPC: 2.39); males (AAPC: 3.15); age groups ≤ 19 years (AAPC: 6.13), 20-39 years (AAPC: 4.50), and 40-59 years (AAPC: 2.56); and 3 out of the 7 health regions. There was a positive spatial correlation between per capita income (I = -0.23; <i>p</i> = 0.004) and diabetic foot examination being performed by a nurse in a PHC (I = -0.18; <i>p</i> = 0.019) setting. The heterogeneous spatial distribution of DM hospitalizations demonstrated that this condition is a persistent public health problem in Sergipe.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Determinants of Household Self-Reported Diabetes Mellitus in Gauteng, South Africa.","authors":"Shoeshoe Mokhele, Tholang Mokhele","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111537","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent type of diabetes mellitus, and it is associated with both hereditary and lifestyle risk factors. South Africa is not exempt from this pandemic; hence, this paper aims to assess the prevalence and determinants of household self-reported diabetes mellitus in Gauteng, South Africa. Data were sourced from the Gauteng City-Region Observatory (GCRO) quality of life survey (2020/2021). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied. The prevalence of household self-reported diabetes mellitus in Gauteng was 11.1%. The 'other population' group (which included Whites, Coloureds and Indians), as well as older respondents, higher household monthly food expenditure, poor self-perceived health status and household self-reported hypertension were factors that increased the odds of household self-reported diabetes mellitus. Only informal housing decreased the odds of household self-reported diabetes mellitus. Screening of diabetes mellitus among those with poor living conditions, no medical aid and lack of access to healthcare facilities such as Gauteng township and informal settlement residents should be intensified. This secondary disease prevention intervention is crucial, as it will enhance the appropriate referrals and timeous chronic treatment for those with diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenting Interventions to Prevent and Reduce Physical Punishment: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Isabel Garces-Davila, Ashley Stewart-Tufescu, Janice Linton, Julie-Anne McCarthy, Sonya Gill, Aleksandra Ciochon Newton, Samantha Salmon, Tamara Taillieu, Tracie O Afifi","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111539","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physical punishment is the most common form of violence against children worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of long-term adverse outcomes. Interventions targeting parents/caregivers are frequently implemented to prevent and reduce the use of physical punishment. This scoping review aimed to map the existing literature on evidence-informed parenting interventions targeting physical punishment. A scoping review following the World Health Organization (WHO) Review Guide, the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) 2020 Guide for scoping reviews, was conducted to address the objective of this review. An academic health sciences librarian systematically searched electronic databases (EBSCO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS) for peer-reviewed journal articles. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text review according to inclusion and exclusion criteria following the Participants, Concept, and Context framework. Eighty-one studies were included for full-text eligibility. The results suggest that most interventions examined were conducted in North America, targeted mothers and fathers, and were delivered in person. The results from this scoping review describe the state of evidence-informed parenting interventions to prevent and reduce physical punishment. This review found opportunities for future research to implement effective parenting interventions on a larger societal scale and use mixed methods approaches to evaluate parenting interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Childhood Asthma, Respiratory Symptoms and Associated Air Pollution Sources Among Adolescent Learners in Selected Schools in Vhembe District, South Africa.","authors":"Funzani Rathogwa-Takalani, Thabelo Rodney Mudau, Sean Patrick, Joyce Shirinde, Kuku Voyi","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111536","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the prevalence of childhood asthma and respiratory symptoms with their associated air pollution sources among adolescents aged 13-14 years residing in a Malaria-endemic region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 2855 adolescents from fourteen (14) selected schools in communities exposed to high levels of air pollution from indoor residual spraying (IRS) that is used for malaria vector control in the Vhembe region. Data were collected using a self-administered standardized International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Statistical software STATA version 17 was used to analyze the data. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between air pollution sources and childhood asthma/symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalences of asthma, 'wheeze ever' and 'wheeze in the past' were 18.91%, 37.69% and 24.69%, respectively. The results from the adjusted binary logistic regression model indicated that exposure to tobacco smoke (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.08-3.16), smoking a water pipe (OR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.16-2.36) and the use of paraffin as fuel for heating (OR = 1.70; 95% CI: 0.97-2.88) and cooking (OR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.29-1.00) were significant risk factors for asthma. Trucks passing through the streets, having a cat at home and using open fires were significantly associated with 'wheeze in the past'. Finally, using gas for cooking (OR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.53-0.99), open fires for heating (OR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.35-0.80) and smoking a water pipe (OR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.78-3.44) were associated with 'wheeze ever'.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>School children living in these communities had an increased risk of developing asthma and presenting with wheezing due to exposure to environmental air pollution sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Disaster of the Century: Effects of the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes on the Sleep and Mental Health of Healthcare Workers.","authors":"Sema Çifçi, Zehra Kilinç","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111533","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is known that disasters can have long-term effects on the mental health of individuals. In particular, healthcare workers may be under greater stress in a time of disaster, as they are not only affected by the disaster, but they also take part in rescue efforts. This study was conducted to investigate the psychological effects of the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes on healthcare workers employed at the Adıyaman Training and Research Hospital. The sample in the cross-sectional study consisted of 299 healthcare personnel working in the Adıyaman Training and Research Hospital. The study data were collected through a questionnaire consisting of five sections. The data were analysed using SPSS 22 software. It was found that among healthcare workers, those who were women, married, individuals whose homes were damaged, injured, or lost a relative in the earthquake had experienced mental health problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and poor sleep quality the most. The earthquakes that occurred on 6 February negatively affected the mental health of healthcare workers. In order to reduce these negative effects experienced by healthcare workers, various types of mental health screening should be performed, and supportive psychological services should be provided urgently.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Machine Learning and Deep Neural Visual Features for Predicting Adult Obesity Prevalence in Missouri.","authors":"Butros M Dahu, Carlos I Martinez-Villar, Imad Eddine Toubal, Mariam Alshehri, Anes Ouadou, Solaiman Khan, Lincoln R Sheets, Grant J Scott","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111534","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research study investigates and predicts the obesity prevalence in Missouri, utilizing deep neural visual features extracted from medium-resolution satellite imagery (Sentinel-2). By applying a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN), the study aims to predict the obesity rate of census tracts based on visual features in the satellite imagery that covers each tract. The study utilizes Sentinel-2 satellite images, processed using the ResNet-50 DCNN, to extract deep neural visual features (DNVF). Obesity prevalence data, sourced from the CDC's 2022 estimates, is analyzed at the census tract level. The datasets were integrated to apply a machine learning model to predict the obesity rates in 1052 different census tracts in Missouri. The analysis reveals significant associations between DNVF and obesity prevalence. The predictive models show moderate success in estimating and predicting obesity rates in various census tracts within Missouri. The study emphasizes the potential of using satellite imagery and advanced machine learning in public health research. It points to environmental factors as significant determinants of obesity, suggesting the need for targeted health interventions. Employing DNVF to explore and predict obesity rates offers valuable insights for public health strategies and calls for expanded research in diverse geographical contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older Autistic People, Access and Experiences of Services, and the Factors That Affect This.","authors":"Marion Hersh, Panda Mery, Michael Dawson","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111535","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents new empirical data obtained from interviews and focus groups on older (50 and over) autistic people's experiences of accessing a variety of services. The involvement of older autistic people and giving voice to their experiences was central to all aspects of the research process. This work makes a significant contribution to the scarce literature on older autistic people. In particular, it discusses the factors that act as barriers and enablers to the access to and productive use of services, the strategies used by participants to manage and improve their experiences, and the success of these strategies. It shows older autistic people as autonomous adults and active protagonists in their own lives, taking action to overcome the barriers they experience to accessing services on the same terms as everyone else, but that lack of understanding and support from service providers and the general public can undermine their strategies. Finally, this work provides a series of recommendations for service providers to improve (older) autistic people's service access and experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Cadmium Exposure and Prostate Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Giorgio Firmani, Manuela Chiavarini, Jacopo Dolcini, Stefano Quarta, Marcello Mario D'Errico, Pamela Barbadoro","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111532","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common cancer among men, and it has a multifactorial etiology. Cadmium (Cd), a toxic heavy metal classified as a carcinogen by the IARC, can cause various acute and chronic effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to update previous findings on the association between Cd exposure and PCa. We carried out a literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up to May 2024, identifying eight new articles. The effect size from the highest and lowest exposure categories were extracted and analyzed using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed with the I² test, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plot asymmetry. Overall, the effect size for PCa associated with Cd exposure, combining previous and new articles, was 1.11 (95% CI 0.85-1.45). Heterogeneity was high, but no significant publication bias was detected. For studies from Europe, the effect size was 1.47 (95% CI 1.00-2.17). Notably, 11 articles from the previous systematic review and meta-analysis highlighted that higher Cd exposure is significantly associated with more aggressive histopathological types of PCa (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.08-2.07). These findings suggest a potential public health concern, indicating the need for further research to clarify the risk associated with Cd exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes-Related Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Exercise and Its Benefits Among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Nokuthula Mtshali, Takshita Sookan-Kassie","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111529","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regular exercise has been shown to have a positive effect on the health outcomes of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, it is still underutilized in developing countries. This study investigated diabetes-related knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward exercise and its benefits among individuals with T2DM. A total of one hundred and ninety-nine participants (male = 21.6% and female = 78.4%) with T2DM, aged between 18 and 75, (43.77 SD± 14.78) years, participated in the study. A validated diabetes-related knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire, evaluated by true/false or unsure, was utilized in the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics analysis was used to analyze data with the significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05. The results demonstrated poor diabetes-related knowledge of exercise (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The majority of the study participants, 163 (81.90%) with T2DM, did not know that physical activity and exercise are different. About 158 (70.40%) of the study participants felt that their regular work was an adequate substitution for exercise. More than 50% of the study participants demonstrated a positive practice towards exercise and its benefits towards T2DM (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The majority of the study participants reported poor knowledge and a negative attitude toward diabetes. However, their diabetes-related practices were satisfactory.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Economic Burden of Prostate Cancer in Antigua and Barbuda: A Prevalence-Based Cost-of-Illness Analysis from the Healthcare Provider Perspective.","authors":"Andre A N Bovell, Cebisile Ngcamphalala, Adrian Rhudd, Jabulani Ncayiyana, Themba G Ginindza","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111527","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Antigua and Barbuda, prostate cancer is known for its epidemiological burden; however, its economic burden on the healthcare system is unknown. This study aimed to assess the economic burden of prostate cancer in Antigua and Barbuda from the healthcare provider's perspective. To conduct this prevalence-based cost-of-illness study, we used patient data abstracted from records at key study sites for the period of 2017-2021 to establish a yearly prevalence. Top-down and bottom-up approaches were used to estimate the direct medical cost. The cost was computed at the 2021 price level and converted to United States dollars (USD). The total annual direct medical cost for prostate cancer was estimated at USD 1.8 million (ranging between USD 1.4 million and USD 2.3 million). Stages II and III disease accounted for a combined greater share of the cost. The direct medical unit cost for screening, diagnosing, and treating a prostate cancer patient was USD 126,388.98. The top contributors to this cost were surgery (USD 20,913.42), renal complications/renal failure (USD 20,674.86), and hormonal therapy (USD 31,824.00). The results of this study provide evidence of the economic burden of prostate cancer in Antigua and Barbuda. Our findings appear reasonable. Besides contributing to further economic research, they will be useful for policy development, resource allocation, and cost containment measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}