International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"RETRACTED: Lucas et al. Health Impact and Psychosocial Perceptions Among French Medical Residents During the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Survey. <i>Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health</i> 2021, <i>18</i>, 8413.","authors":"David Lucas, Sandrine Brient, Bisi Moriamo Eveillard, Annabelle Gressier, Tanguy Le Grand, Richard Pougnet, Jean-Dominique Dewitte, Brice Loddé","doi":"10.3390/ijerph23091168","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph23091168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The journal retracts the article titled \"Health Impact and Psychosocial Perceptions among French Medical Residents during the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Survey\" [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13547938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Inclusion of Ethnically Diverse and Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Populations in Pain Research: A Comprehensive Review and Evidence-Based Recommendations.","authors":"Kevin Pacheco-Barrios, Allison Kim, Carla Pastora-Sesin, Joao Mariano, Robin Heemels, Paulo S de Melo, Erick Barrientos-Ventura, Lucas Camargo, Niels Pacheco-Barrios, Jaime Pacheco-Neyra, Silvia Di-Bonaventura, Raúl Ferrer-Peña, Alba Navarro-Flores, Equity In Pain ResearchWorking Group Epr-Wg","doi":"10.3390/ijerph23081091","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph23081091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Limited inclusion of ethnically diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations in pain research undermines external validity, generalizability, and equity. This comprehensive review synthesized evidence on effective strategies to recruit and retain these populations in pain studies. We searched Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and CENTRAL (12 April 2025) and included studies in which ethnically diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged participants comprised ≥75% of the sample. Quantitative data were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses of proportions, with prespecified subgroup analyses, and qualitative findings were integrated through thematic synthesis. Certainty of evidence was evaluated using GRADE. Eighteen studies (n = 4611; 11 experimental, 5 observational, 2 qualitative), primarily from the United States and involving chronic pain, met inclusion criteria. Overall enrollment among ethnically diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged groups was 37% (95% CI 18-58%), with significantly higher enrollment in observational studies (84%, 95% CI 78-90%) than in experimental trials (22%, 95% CI 10-36%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Overall retention was 77% (95% CI 64-88%) and did not differ significantly by study design. Statewide disease-clinic networks, purposive community-leader engagement, and snowball sampling produced the highest enrollment, whereas medical-record screening yielded the lowest enrollment but the highest retention. Compensation and reminder strategies were similarly effective for retention. Thematic synthesis highlighted trust, culturally and linguistically tailored communication, hybrid and flexible visit schedules, transportation assistance, and clinician engagement as key facilitators. GRADE certainty was low for enrollment and moderate for retention. Community-engaged recruitment strategies, clinician referrals, culturally tailored materials, hybrid procedures, and modest incentives can substantially improve participation of ethnically diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations in pain research. Standardized CONSORT-style reporting of recruitment/retention flowcharts according to strategy and ethnicity/socioeconomic status is essential to refine evidence-based strategies in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13512727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coaching the Caregivers: A Burnout Intervention for Military Physicians and Medical Students.","authors":"Lisa M Foglia, Erin Keyser, Jason Massengill, Sorana Raiciulescu, Monica A Lutgendorf","doi":"10.3390/ijerph23081087","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph23081087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Burnout results from chronic stress, consisting of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased personal accomplishment. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of coaching on physician burnout in military obstetrician gynecologists (OB/GYNs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an IRB-approved observational study of coaching for military OB/GYN physicians and students. Physicians and medical students were assigned to attend six virtual group coaching sessions over three months with professional coaches. Coaching groups were organized by level of training. Participants completed surveys (Maslach Burnout Survey for Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) with Areas of Worklife Survey (AWS)) at baseline and following coaching. A latent profile analysis (LPA) used MBI scores to identify burnout profiles in dimensions of depersonalization (DP), emotional exhaustion (EE), and personal accomplishment (PA). Statistical analysis included paired <i>t</i>-test, and chi squared analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>59 participants completed coaching and surveys from August-October 2024. There were no significant differences in MBI scores pre- and post-coaching. LPA identified three profiles: (a) low DP, low EE, high PA, (b) low DP, moderate EE, high PA, (c) high DP, high EE, high PA. When analyzed on MBI definitions, those with a burnout profile (high DP and high EE) had significant improvements in workload, control, and fairness scores on the AWS following coaching (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A professional coaching intervention in military OB/GYN physicians with a burnout profile was associated with significant improvements in workload, control and fairness. Professional coaching may positively impact clinicians, particularly those experiencing burnout, and has the potential to improve retention of the workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13512648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fragrance-Free Policies: A Scoping Review of Definitions, Implementation, and Gaps.","authors":"Sudipta Roy, John Molot, Robert Lattanzio, Jennifer Armstrong, Riina Bray, Adrianna Trifunovski, Rohini Peris","doi":"10.3390/ijerph23081089","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph23081089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fragrance-free policies are increasingly adopted to improve indoor air quality and reduce fragrance exposure linked to adverse health outcomes and accessibility barriers. This scoping review mapped the evidence on fragrance-free policies across sectors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following Arksey and O'Malley's framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we searched five peer-reviewed databases and grey literature sources. Documents describing formal scent-free or fragrance-free policies or guidance in workplaces, healthcare, educational, or public settings were included. Data were charted on policy characteristics, enforcement mechanisms, implementation supports, and governance features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-three documents were included. Findings revealed substantial variability in terminology, scope, and enforcement. Many policies relied on voluntary compliance and awareness-based strategies, with limited integration of structural supports such as procurement controls, staff training, and evaluation frameworks. Enforcement mechanisms were predominantly reactive, responsibilities were inconsistently defined, and consequences for non-compliance were limited. Although many policies referenced multiple chemical sensitivity or fragrance sensitivity, accommodation pathways and accountability structures were frequently lacking. Four key themes indicate that many fragrance-free policies function as accommodation tools rather than integrated environmental health interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Strengthening definitional clarity, institutional accountability, and structural integration may enhance effectiveness and support more consistent, equitable, and evidence-informed approaches to reducing fragrance-related exposures in indoor environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13513036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoimmune Reporting Signals in FAERS Reports Listing COVID-19 Vaccines as Suspect Products: An Active-Comparator Disproportionality Analysis.","authors":"Assylzhan M Messova, Makhmutbay Sanbayev, Sagira T Abdrahmanova, Raikhan Temirkhanova, Nadiar M Mussin, Amin Tamadon","doi":"10.3390/ijerph23081088","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph23081088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Autoimmune and immune-mediated adverse events coded in reports listing COVID-19 vaccines as suspect products are rare, heterogeneous, and difficult to evaluate in spontaneous reporting systems. We characterized autoimmune reporting signals using strict case definitions and an active-comparator disproportionality design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>FAERS reports from 2021Q1 to 2023Q4 were deduplicated and harmonized by vaccine product, platform, sex, age group, and MedDRA Preferred Term (PT). COVID-19 vaccine reports recorded as primary or secondary suspect products were compared with traditional non-COVID vaccine reports. Strict autoimmune events were grouped into neurological, endocrine, rheumatological, hematological, dermatological, and cardiac categories. Reporting odds ratios (RORs), proportional reporting ratios (PRRs), PT-level rankings, masking audits, and sensitivity analyses were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary analysis included 4191 COVID-19 vaccine reports, 2817 comparator reports, and 311 strict-autoimmune reports contributing 316 report-category observations. Positive category-level signals were identified for dermatological (ROR 10.49; 95% CI: 2.51-43.86), endocrine (ROR 5.39; 95% CI: 1.24-23.48), hematological (ROR 4.68; 95% CI: 2.32-9.44), and neurological events (ROR 1.63; 95% CI: 1.16-2.29). Rheumatological reporting was lower, strict cardiac events were absent, and hematological signals were most consistent across sensitivity analyses. Among five adjusted-positive finite PT signals, immune thrombocytopenia was more stable, multiple sclerosis intermediate, and acquired hemophilia, myasthenia gravis, and optic neuritis sparse/imprecise. A post hoc audit identified four potential clusters among 20 acquired-hemophilia reports; cluster collapse reduced the ROR to 2.70 (95% CI 0.30-24.18; <i>p</i> = 0.654).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings are hypothesis-generating and do not establish incidence, absolute risk, or causality.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13513629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Level of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Adherence of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Towards the Triple Elimination Program (HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B) in Maternal Services at Government and Private Hospitals in Jakarta.","authors":"Yudianto Budi Saroyo, Baihaki, Mohammad Adya F Dilmy, Lisa Novianti, Thalia Amila Elsiyana","doi":"10.3390/ijerph23081090","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph23081090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Syphilis, and Hepatitis B significantly contribute to high morbidity and mortality rates associated with mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), particularly in developing nations. The study delves into the adherence levels of obstetricians and gynecologists to the Triple Elimination Program in Jakarta.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design, conducted across government and private hospitals in Jakarta from January to December 2023. The study sample comprises obstetricians and gynecologists selected through consecutive sampling. Data collection involves questionnaires measuring knowledge, attitude, practice, and adherence, with validity and reliability assessed through pilot studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 106 respondents, 47.2% lacked adequate knowledge of the Triple Elimination Program, while 52.8% demonstrated higher knowledge. Insufficient attitude was observed in 50% of respondents, with the remaining 50% reporting a good attitude towards the program. Inadequate practice was noted in 49% of respondents and 51% perceived themselves as having fair practice. Most respondents demonstrated only fair adherence (74.5%), whereas only 25.5% achieved good adherence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The research findings highlight existing gaps in knowledge, attitude, practice, and adherence among healthcare providers, emphasizing the need for improvement in these areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13513085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated Overview of the Geographical Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Diagnostic Criteria, Phenotypes, Race, and Ethnicity.","authors":"Makenna J O Noland, Melissa D Olfert","doi":"10.3390/ijerph23081085","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph23081085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Newly named Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS), previously Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), affects women worldwide. The prevalence of PCOS is thought to range from 5 to 15% depending on the diagnostic criteria used. The 2023 International Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of PCOS recognize the 2003 Rotterdam criteria as the gold standard diagnostic tool. The objective was to examine the global prevalence of PCOS across diagnostic criteria, phenotypes, geographical locations, races, and ethnicities by reviewing current research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Researchers searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus. The study included 27 articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence varies globally, ranging from 1.6% to 28.5% in North America. In Brazil, the prevalence was 30.4%. Europe showed rates ranging from 5.9% to 19.9%. In Asia, the prevalence ranged from 4.21% in rural India to 35.3% in the Kashmir Valley. Oceania showed a prevalence of 6.8% among Samoan women and 12% in Australian women. The Middle East ranged from 1.6% in Dubai to 48.5% in Pakistan. In Africa, the prevalence was 32.5% in Sudan.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study's findings highlight significant variations in the prevalence and phenotype distributions influenced by demographic factors and diagnostic criteria. Limitations include inconsistent diagnostic criteria, underrepresentation of geographical regions, and reliance on self-reported data, emphasizing the importance of using standardized diagnostic criteria and focused research.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13512806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The MAPme Project: Implementing a College-Based Study of Substance Use and Mental Wellness.","authors":"Whitney L Barfield-Steward, Yijin Xiang, Dalora Najera, Jenipher Ober-Oluoch, Chelsie Benca-Bachman, Hope Derricott, Rameez Syed, Justine W Welsh, Rohan H C Palmer","doi":"10.3390/ijerph23081084","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph23081084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transitional age youth aged 18-25 years are more likely to engage in risky behaviors, displaying significantly higher alcohol and illicit drug use levels than adolescents and older adults. College students are particularly vulnerable at this critical life juncture as transitioning to adulthood may impact emotional health and well-being, contributing to anxiety, depression, and feelings of hopelessness, all of which are linked to increased risk of substance use and disorders.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study characterizes the design and status of the MAPme Project, a prospective project centered on substance use and emotional wellness during and beyond college. Herein, we describe the 2018-2024 pilot cohort that was followed during the first two years of college, remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic, and upon the return to campus. We also describe our latest 2025+ cohort with ongoing data collection.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>The 2018-2024 cohort comprised 301 college freshmen who completed online assessments at baseline (Wave 1). The 2025+ cohort has currently enrolled 618 students and counting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We provide descriptive information on both cohorts, along with preliminary associations of pre- and early collegiate substance use outcomes, psychopathology, sleep patterns, and personality traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 64% of first-year students reported use of a substance in the 90 days leading up to college in 2018. Alcohol and cannabis were the most prevalent substances used in both cohorts with males consuming more alcohol than females. Females reported greater levels of daily stressors and mood symptoms. Other health and personality characteristics and observed associations between psychosocial risk and protective factors are described. Prior studies demonstrate the ability to test research hypotheses in the social, health, and clinical areas of psychology with robust statistical power.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Substance use and emotional well-being vary considerably upon entry into college/university and at any particular moment in time. The MAPme Project encourages the engagement of students to address challenges associated with lack of awareness, inclusivity, and acceptance of scientific research. Overcoming barriers of inclusivity and empowering the community is key to the successful adoption and implementation of campus health and community-oriented research programs and systematically enhancing research training.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13513692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facing Dementia in Primary Care: A Process Evaluation of a Multicomponent Practice Change Intervention to Improve Dementia Diagnosis in General Practice.","authors":"Mark Yates, Caroline Gibson, Constance Dimity Pond, Stephanie Daly, Jessica Jebramek, Sharon Daniel, Lyn Phillipson, Kate Laver, Meredith Gresham, Edwin Tan, Henry Brodaty, Jamie Swann, Shahana Ferdousi, Annica Barcenilla-Wong, Nora Wong, Lee-Fay Low","doi":"10.3390/ijerph23081086","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph23081086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide, yet diagnosis in primary care remains substantially lower than expected, delaying access to treatment, support and future care planning. The Facing Dementia Together Practice Change Program was developed as a co-designed, multicomponent intervention to improve dementia diagnosis in Australian general practice. A mixed-methods process evaluation used the RE-AIM framework with the addition of Appropriateness. The intervention included Primary Health Network (PHN) engagement, GP education, clinical resources, audit and benchmarking reports, specialist support, and a dementia risk-alert tool. Data were collected through surveys, stakeholder interviews, website analytics and program documentation. Clinicians who participated reported increased confidence and changes in dementia-related clinical behaviours, while education, resources and benchmarking were perceived as valuable. However, overall reach was limited by competing clinical priorities, workforce pressures, lack of financial incentives, and PHN implementation challenges. The dementia risk-alert tool was feasible but achieved limited uptake because of software compatibility, usability concerns and incomplete electronic medical record data. Although the program was acceptable to participating clinicians, limited reach constrained its potential impact. These findings highlight organizational, workforce, digital infrastructure and policy factors that influenced implementation of multicomponent interventions in routine primary care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13512744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Discordance Between Self-Perceived HIV Risk and Laboratory-Confirmed HIV Status in South Africa: Insights from the 2022 National Population-Based Survey.","authors":"Sbonelo Chamane, Inbarani Naidoo, Musawenkosi Mabaso, Angeline Sibongile Ngcobo, Prudence Chambale, Tebogo Sole-Moloto, Lehlogonolo Makola, Sean Jooste, Lesiba Molopa, Thembelihle Ginyana, Sizulu Moyo, Nompumelelo Zungu, Khangelani Zuma","doi":"10.3390/ijerph23081083","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph23081083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The discordance between individuals' self-perceived risk of HIV infection and laboratory-confirmed risk has a significant impact on behaviours related to HIV prevention and timely initiation of treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data was obtained from the sixth South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence, and Behaviour Survey. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the sample characteristics and provide the prevalence of discordance. A multivariable multinomial logistic regression was employed to investigate factors associated with discordant results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 34,528 participants, 4.1% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 3.7-4.5) were classified as HIV-positive with low perceived risk, while 11.5% (95% CI: 10.4-12.6) were classified as HIV-negative with high perceived risk and 1.0% (95% CI: 0.8-1.1) as self-misdiagnosed. Being HIV-positive with low perceived risk was significant among older ages (25-54 years) and lower among other races than Black Africans and those residing in rural informal areas. In contrast, being HIV-negative with high perceived risk of HIV risk was more common among participants aged 25-44 years, as well as those living in rural informal and rural formal areas, but lower among other races than Black Africans. The factor associated with self-misdiagnosis was being female. However, participants aged 15-24 years who were never married were less likely to self-misdiagnose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight a significant discrepancy between perceived and laboratory-confirmed HIV risk, underscoring the importance of targeted interventions to improve risk perception accuracy. Enhancing individuals' understanding of their true risk may lead to better engagement in preventive measures and the timely initiation of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13512892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}