International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Health Literacy in Africa-A Scoping Review of Scientific Publications.","authors":"Kristine Sørensen, Verena Knoll, Neida Ramos, Millicent Boateng, Guda Alemayehu, Laura Schamberger, Stefanie Harsch","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111456","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Africa's health landscape is rapidly changing, requiring new solutions such as a focus on health literacy. However, there is currently a limited overview of the development and application of health literacy in African countries and societies. This scoping review aims to analyze scientific publications on health literacy in Africa with regards to research approaches, historical developments, geographic origins, target populations and settings, and topical interests. The research followed Arksey and O'Malley six steps of scoping reviews and employed the Joanna Briggs Institute's PCC method for search string formulation and the PRISMA-SCR checklist for reporting. On 11 July 2022, the following six databases were searched for scientific articles including included reports, policy briefs, book chapters, and research publications: PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ERIC, African Journals Online, and African Index Medicus. A total of 336 articles were identified. The research team co-developed a codebook and three researchers independently extracted data. The analysis provided the most comprehensive overview of the current scope and scale of health literacy in Africa to date. The publications represented 37 of the 54 African Union countries and dated back to 2001, although most were published in the last decade. The content analysis identified 13 broad themes, including mental health, communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, maternal health, digital health, information and communication, health care, prevention and health promotion, conceptual perspectives, cultural perspectives, and outcomes and measurement. The analysis of target groups revealed a wide range of actors involved in different settings, mostly in health care or community settings. These comprehensive and novel findings can be used to prioritize future actions for public and professional capacity building, policy development, and improved practice to improve health literacy for all in Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Impact of Event Scores Among Ontario Education Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Iris Gutmanis, Brenda L Coleman, Robert G Maunder, Kailey Fischer, Veronica Zhu, Allison McGeer","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111448","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is limited information regarding factors related to education workers' responses to traumatic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study goal was to determine whether personal factors, behaviours that mitigate viral spread, and work-related factors were associated with post-traumatic symptoms. This observational study, embedded within a cohort study, recruited Ontario education workers from February 2021 to June 2023. Exposure data were collected at enrollment and updated annually. Participants completed the Impact of Event Scale (IES) at withdrawal/study completion. Modified Poisson regression was used to build hierarchical models of dichotomized IES scores (≥26: moderate/severe post-traumatic symptoms). Of the 1518 education workers who submitted an IES between September 2022 and December 2023, the incidence rate ratio of IES scores ≥26 was significantly higher among participants who usually/always wore a mask at work (1.48; 95% confidence interval 1.23, 1.79), usually/always practiced physical distancing (1.31; 1.06, 1.62), lived in larger households (1.06; 1.01, 1.12), and reported poor/fair/good health (1.27; 1.11, 1.46). However, models accounted for little of the variance in IES scores, suggesting the need for future studies to collect data on other factors associated with the development of PTSD, such as pre-existing mental health challenges. Early identification of those experiencing traumatic stress and the implementation of stress reduction strategies are needed to ensure the ongoing health of education workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cigar-Specific Health Warnings: Attention, Recall, and Perceived Effectiveness Among Young Adult Users and Non-Users.","authors":"Elizabeth G Klein, Anne E Driscoll, Abigail B Shoben, Joseph M Macisco, Stephanie Pike Moore, Amanda J Quisenberry, Erika S Trapl","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111442","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Limited research has examined attention to these cigar-specific health warnings and their perceived effectiveness among young people. The objective of our study was to evaluate the attention to and perceptions of a set of cigar-specific health warnings among young adult tobacco users and non-users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Young adults ages 18-24 in Columbus, Ohio, were recruited into an eye-tracking experiment examining cigarillo packaging between May 2022 and February 2023. Participants (<i>n</i> = 124) were shown 12 unique, branded cigarillo packages featuring a rotation of four of the Food and Drug Administration's mandated health warnings: (1) Cigar smoking can cause lung cancer and heart disease (\"disease\"); (2) tobacco smoke increases the risk of lung cancer and heart disease, even in nonsmokers (\"nonsmokers\"); (3) cigar smoking can cause cancers of the mouth and throat, even if you do not inhale (\"inhale\"); and (4) cigars are not a safe alternative to cigarettes (\"alternative\"). Software captured visual attention to each product package, including the health warning. Participants also ranked the most effective message to motivate people to quit; one week later, the participants (<i>n</i> = 118) self-reported unaided recall of the experiment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study participants were an average of 21.2 years old, 54.2% were female, 73.7% were White, 65.3% had some college education, and 26.3% reported tobacco use in the previous month. The health warning, \"Cigar smoking can cause cancers of the mouth and throat, even if you do not inhale\" was ranked the most effective cigar warning (41.5%) and drew the greatest proportion of visual attention (26.1%). More than half (52.5%) recalled details regarding the health warning messages one week following the experiment, with few recalling (17.7%) specific warning message themes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding the best performing health warnings is a crucial strategy to share accurate information on the risks of tobacco use. Our findings suggest that the warning on cancer risk even without inhaling drew the greatest visual attention and highest rating of perceived effectiveness among this sample of young adult cigarillo users and non-users.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the Quality of Groundwater in Mankweng, Limpopo Province, South Africa, Using the Water Quality Index.","authors":"Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe, Nelisiwe Mavingo, Tlou Nelson Selepe, Peter Masoko, Frederick Mokibelo Mashao, Neville Nyamutswa","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111444","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a lack of groundwater quality monitoring, especially in developing countries like South Africa. This study aimed to evaluate borehole water quality. Groundwater was analysed for pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDSs), turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen (N), sulphate (SO₄^2-), fluoride (F^-), chloride (Cl^-), calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺), potassium (K⁺), and sodium (Na⁺) using a multi-parameter device, spectrophotometer, turbidity meter, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer. Total coliforms and <i>Escherichia coli</i> were quantified using the Colilert system. The water quality index (WQI) was calculated using the arithmetic weighting method. The parameters ranged as follows: pH (6.71-7.94), DO (2.19-7.79 mg/L), EC (379.67-1317.33 µS/cm), TDSs (190-659 mg/L), temperature (16.75-22.31 °C), turbidity (0.17-3.21 NTU), COD (9-50 mg/L), F^- (0.17-2.09 mg/L), Cl^- (36.1-184.55 mg/L), N (0.64-28.56 mg/L), SO₄^2- (27.18-112.13 mg/L), K⁺ (1.71-21.77 mg/L), Ca²⁺ (29.59-134.59 mg/L), Mg²⁺ (16.72-110.78 mg/L), and Na⁺ (38.52-170.63 mg/L). One borehole was polluted with <i>E. coli</i> (9 MPN/100 mL) and 25% were contaminated with coliforms beyond 10 MPN/100 mL. The WQI ranged from 50.430 to 190.220. The results underscore the importance of regular monitoring of groundwater.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Examination of Underlying Domains in Childhood Adversity: A Scoping Review of Studies Conducting Factor Analyses on Adverse Childhood Experiences.","authors":"Keith Willoughby, Serena Atallah, Kim Arbeau, Jenn Pearce, Thomas Ketelaars, Jeff St Pierre","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111441","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is an abundance of research linking experiences of childhood adversity to negative physical and mental health outcomes. Areas that remain to be explored and expanded upon include the ideal set of events for inclusion in measures of childhood adversity and testing the models of risk (e.g., cumulative, specificity, dimensional). In the current paper, we performed a scoping review to develop a comprehensive list of studies that conducted factor analyses of childhood adversity measures. There were 89 articles that met the inclusion criteria; trends in the underlying factor structures are reported. Highly associated yet distinct constructs of adversity have demonstrated empirical utility in predicting outcomes in dozens of studies, with consensus that physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical and emotional neglect, and household dysfunction offer important predictive value to understanding developmental mechanisms of change. We endorse revisions to one commonly used scale that could offer researchers a consistent and psychometrically robust measure of adversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young Adults with a History of Residential Youth Care: A Cohort Profile of a Hard-to-Reach Population.","authors":"Hanne Klæboe Greger, Maria C Stuifbergen, Thomas Jozefiak, Nanna Sønnichsen Kayed, Stian Lydersen, Tormod Rimehaug, Inga Schalinski, Astrid Røsland Seim, Marianne Tevik Singstad, Jan Wallander, Lars Wichstrøm, Stine Lehmann","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111447","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adults with a history of living in residential youth care (RYC) face elevated risks across various life domains. In this cohort profile paper, we outline the design of a comprehensive follow-up study-the VINGO study-targeting young adults (22-30 years) with a history of living in RYC (T2). We describe the recruitment strategy and present sample characteristics. Data were collected in the baseline study (T1) from 2011 to 2014. At T1, the 400 adolescent participants showed a high prevalence of mental disorders, maltreatment experiences, substance use, and self-reported suicide attempts. Data collection at T2 10 years later (2021-2023) included self-reported sociodemographic information, physical health, childhood maltreatment, dissociation, quality of life, social support, and self-esteem using standardized and validated instruments. A diagnostic psychiatric assessment and subjective evaluation of service utilization were conducted by telephone interviews. Additionally, a qualitative sub-study involved in-depth interviews of fourteen participants. We reached a 52% response rate at T2. Comparing participants (n = 157, 107 females) to non-participants (n = 243, 123 females) based on T1 data revealed that T2 participants had a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, and conduct disorder and a lower prevalence of ADHD at T1. Furthermore, T2 participants reported more suicide attempts, experiences of maltreatment, and problematic substance use at T1. Our results show that we reached a burdened population, positioning the VINGO study as a unique opportunity to examine a vulnerable population of emerging adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Lived Experiences of Students with Bullying in King Khalid University: A Qualitative Approach Study.","authors":"Yousef Zahrani","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111445","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychological health and physiological health are crucial issues for educational institutes. However, bullying in universities remains a significant social issue that requires a deep understanding from the bully's perspective. This qualitative study investigated students with lived experiences of bullying in two medical colleges at King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. Nine male students participated in this study through semi-structured group discussions using open-ended questions. The discussions were transcribed, and the data were thematically analyzed. Four themes were identified: (i) the prevalence of bullying, (ii) bullying experiences, (iii) the institutional policy of bullying, and (iv) factors contributing to bullying. Findings showed that students lacked knowledge of their colleges' anti-bullying policies, and verbal bullying was the prevalent form of bullying in interactions among students and between students and lecturers. In addition, cyberbullying was extended to digital platforms, as indicated by a number of participants. The participants also highlighted the significance of anti-bullying policies, believing that better awareness would empower students to address bullying more effectively. Recommendations were made for universities to implement anti-bullying policies and ensure their visibility to assist students in dealing with bullying situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Adult Attachment Patterns, Attachment to Group and Mental Health in Israel Following the October 7th Attack: The Role of Emotion Regulation Strategies.","authors":"Yitshak Alfasi, Avi Besser","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111443","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined the associations between attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and attachment to group (to Israel) and mental health scores. The study used a community sample of 434 participants in response to the October 7th attack on Israel. Additionally, we explored the potential mechanisms linking these attachment patterns to mental health scores. We focused on emotion regulation strategies, such as task-focused, emotion-focused, and distance-focused strategies, as potential mediators. The results indicated that the negative direct association between attachment anxiety and mental health is fully mediated by a high emotion-focused strategy and a low task-focused strategy. Attachment avoidance did not have a significant direct association with mental health scores. However, it had significant negative indirect associations through a high emotion-focused strategy and a low task-focused strategy. Attachment to the group (to Israel) showed both direct and indirect positive associations with mental health through a low emotion-focused strategy and a high task-focused strategy. The discussion highlights the role of internal representations of insecure attachment, group attachment, and emotion regulation strategies (especially emotion- and task-focused strategies) in how highly stressful external situations affect mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Downward Intergenerational Support and Well-Being in Older Chinese Adults.","authors":"Xin Liu, Shuying Bai","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111440","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Life satisfaction, as an important indicator of subjective well-being, is crucial for older adults. This study aims to examine the effects of downward intergenerational financial and practical support on life satisfaction among older adults in China, while exploring the mediating role of self-esteem and the potential differences across gender. Data were collected from 507 older adults aged 60 and above in China. The findings indicate that both financial and practical support provided by older adults positively predict their life satisfaction. Mediation analysis reveals that self-esteem partially mediates the relationship between downward intergenerational support and life satisfaction. This suggests that helping their children enhances older adults' sense of self-worth, which in turn improves their overall well-being. Gender differences were also observed: financial support had a stronger impact on life satisfaction for men, while practical support was more significant for women. These results highlight the influence of traditional gender roles and cultural expectations on the dynamics of intergenerational support in contemporary Chinese families.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Midwife-Led Mobile Antenatal Clinic: An Innovative Approach to Improve Utilization of Services in Pwani, Tanzania.","authors":"Beatrice E Mwilike, Joanne Welsh, Kasusu K Nyamuryekung'e, Alex J Nyaruchary, Andrea B Pembe, Mechthild M Gross","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111446","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Participating in antenatal clinics is a major determinant in reducing poor maternal and neonatal birth outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the utilization of antenatal clinic (ANC) services provided by a mobile clinic led by skilled midwives and determine the acceptability in the Pwani region, Tanzania. For a year, the mobile clinic, nicknamed \"Mkunga Kitaani\" and equipped with necessary tools and staff, served seven villages in the Kisarawe district that lacked health facilities. The research was conducted using a descriptive study design, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through 12 interviews and 214 medical records among pregnant women, respectively. The results show that approximately 17% of the women initiated ANC early, while 36% made their visit during their third trimester. Participants generally preferred the mobile clinic over traditional facilities due to its provision of comprehensive care. However, challenges such as clinic unreliability during the rainy season and limited availability of tests, including obstetric ultrasounds, were noted. Despite hurdles, the study highlighted increased ANC access and community engagement, suggesting potential for expansion to other underserved rural areas. The findings underscore the importance of innovative approaches to ANC delivery in regions with limited healthcare infrastructure.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}