International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Children's and Adolescents' Use of Nature During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Very Green Country.","authors":"Vegard Gundersen, Zander Venter, Line Camilla Wold, Berit Junker-Köhler, Sofie Kjendlie Selvaag","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111530","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Play, physical activity, and social interaction with other children in nature are important for healthy and social development in childhood and adolescence. The extent to which lockdown policies during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the way children engaged in outdoor activities remains unclear, especially in a country with free access to abundant nature during the pandemic. We performed a national survey of parents (<i>n</i> = 1002) in Norway in January 2021 to uncover changes in outdoor play for children (6-12 years, <i>n</i> = 396) and adolescents (13-19 years, <i>n</i> = 606) compared with the situation before the lockdown on 12 March 2020. Ten months after the start of the COVID-19 lockdown, 38% of the parents reported that their children played and spent time outside 'less than usual' in their neighborhood, compared with 15% who reported 'more than usual' time spent outside. Parents indicated that the children's play activities were highly organized and institutionalized, and when the activities ceased, their children had less motivation to spend time outdoors and tended to engage more in screen-based activities indoors. We conclude that while children and adolescents had many opportunities to be outdoors in natural settings during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, they did so much less than before the lockdown.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Is the Impact of Leaders with Emotional Intelligence on Proxy Performance Metrics in 21st Century Healthcare?-A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Aisha Chaudry, Parisah Maham Hussain, Simran Halari, Sohini Thakor, Aran Sivapalan, Abdul Ikar, Terrell Okhiria, Edgar Meyer","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111531","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotional intelligence (EQ) in healthcare leadership has been a subject of debate regarding its significance in enhancing job performance and patient-centred care. This systematic review investigates the impact of EQ on organisational performance metrics in healthcare leaders. Eleven studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified through a comprehensive database search. The findings suggest that EQ positively influences job satisfaction, with emotionally intelligent leaders fostering a positive work environment and commitment among employees. Moreover, EQ correlates negatively with emotional exhaustion, indicating its potential in mitigating burnout rates among healthcare professionals. EQ fosters teamwork, organisational culture and enhances job performance, with higher EQ levels in leaders associated with increased team empowerment and proactivity. Despite the compelling evidence, limitations in the study methodologies and heterogeneity in the reported outcomes challenge the establishment of definitive conclusions. Nevertheless, the findings underscore the importance of EQ in healthcare leadership and its potential to improve organisational dynamics and employee wellbeing. This review highlights the need for further research on EQ's impact on patient satisfaction and calls for the development of EQ training programmes tailored for healthcare leaders.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using YouTube Comments Data to Explore Postpartum Depression in Social Media: An Infodemiology Study.","authors":"Anila Virani, Bhupinder Nagra, Joyce O'Mahony, Juanita Bacsu, Jasjot Kaur Ghatore, Sourajita Panda","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111526","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent mental health issue profoundly impacting both parents and their families. This study examines YouTube comments to identify common public discourse and prevalent themes surrounding PPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 4915 comments from 33 YouTube videos to provide a comprehensive picture of PPD-related discourse on social media. We analyzed data using engagement metrics and Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The engagement metrics indicated that public discourse is primarily focused on the stigma associated with PPD in men and celebrities, with related videos receiving significant attention and high engagement metrics score. Thematic analysis revealed two themes: (1) perspectives of stigmatized, stigmatizer and people in between; and (2) adaptation despite adversity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides key insights into public discourse on PPD. It highlights the importance of family and community support and advocates for a healthcare system capable of addressing the needs of stigmatized populations. A significant finding of this study is the call for action to raise awareness and debunk myths about PPD. Misconceptions worsen stigma and deter help-seeking by affected individuals. Awareness initiatives are crucial to enhance public understanding of PPD symptoms, its impact on individuals and families, and the importance of parental mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Managers' Insights on Integrating Mental Health into Tuberculosis and HIV Care in the Free State Province, South Africa.","authors":"Christo Heunis, Gladys Kigozi-Male","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111528","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of mental health (MH) services into tuberculosis (TB) and HIV care remains a significant challenge in South Africa's Free State province. This study seeks to understand the perspectives of public health programme managers on the barriers to such integration and to identify potential strategies to overcome these challenges. Data were collected between February and October 2021 using qualitative methods including four individual semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions with a total of 15 managers responsible for the MH, primary healthcare, TB, and HIV programmes. Thematic data analysis was guided by an adapted version of the World Health Organization's \"building blocks\" framework encompassing \"service delivery\", \"workforce\", \"health information\", \"essential medicines\", \"financing\", and \"leadership/governance\". Additionally, the analysis underscored the crucial role of \"people\", acknowledging their significant contributions as both caregivers and recipients of care. Managers highlighted significant concerns regarding the insufficient integration of MH services, identifying structural barriers such as inadequate MH management structures and staff training, as well as social barriers, notably stigma and a lack of family treatment adherence support. Conversely, they recognised strong management structures, integrated screening, and social interventions, including family involvement, as key facilitators of successful MH integration. The findings emphasise the need for a whole-system approach that addresses all building blocks while prioritising the role of \"people\" in overcoming challenges with integrating MH services into TB and HIV care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Use and Abuse Among Family Caregivers of People Living with Dementia in the United States: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Afeez A Hazzan, Jessica L Sniatecki, Gary Metz, Jamia Williams","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111525","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The population of the United States is rapidly aging due to a number of factors, such as lower fertility rates and increases in life expectancy. Globally, dementia is a leading cause of disability among older adults, affecting approximately 50 million people. Family caregivers, who often have to sacrifice their health and well-being, provide most of the care needed by older adults living with dementia. Further, alcohol is one of the most commonly used substances in the United States. Considering the stress and unfavorable health outcomes that are associated with caring for a loved one with dementia, it is important to understand the prevalence of alcohol use and abuse among family caregivers. In this study, Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage approach for a scoping review is used to examine the nature and scope of a body of research related to alcohol use and abuse among family caregivers of people living with dementia in the United States. Overall, the results show a paucity of research on the prevalence and implications of alcohol use among family caregivers. The identified studies suggest that family caregivers may be less likely to misuse alcohol than non-caregivers. However, additional population-wide studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Emotionality Stigma in Adolescent Mental Health: Measure Development and Call for Systems-Level Change.","authors":"Hayley D Seely, Eileen Chen","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111523","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Youth mental health concerns, including substance abuse, continue to rise. With high co-morbidity rates and a marked lack of representation from diverse groups in study conceptualization, measurement, and implementation, efforts to understand factors impacting youth mental health from a cultural lens are needed. The theory of emotionality stigma posits that many mental health concerns can be understood based on one's endorsement of emotionality stigma-the experience of stigma around emotions-which manifests within one's context. Informed by this theory, the current study aimed to adapt and test a measure of emotionality stigma for diverse youth in combined mental health and substance use treatment. Targeted youth focus groups informed the adaptation of the pre-existing Emotionality Stigma Scale for implementation with diverse youth. Using a mixed methods approach, this measure was then tested for relevance, reliability, and validity in an outpatient youth clinic. Patients (<i>N</i> = 58, aged 13 to 21) reported their emotionality stigma, values, and attachment as part of routine monitoring. Based on qualitative feedback and quantitative analysis, our results illustrate the reliability and validity of the adapted Emotionality Stigma Scale and the relevance of this new measure for assessing youth mental health concerns and treatment outcomes. Areas for continued research are identified, and recommendations for implementation in conceptualization and treatment are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics, Epigenetics, and the Environment: Are Precision Medicine, Provider Compassion, and Social Justice Effective Public Health Measures to Mitigate Disease Risk and Severity?","authors":"Philip M Iannaccone, Rebecca J Ryznar, Lon J Van Winkle","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111522","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental forces impacting public health include exposure to toxic substances, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), diet, and exercise. Here, we examine the first two of these forces in some detail since they may be amenable to correction through cultural, medical, and practitioner intervention. At the same time, changing people's dietary and exercise routines are likely more resistant to these interventions and are referred to only incidentally in this review. That is, societal efforts could prevent exposure to toxicants and ACEs-not necessarily requiring cooperation by the affected individuals-whereas changing diet and exercise practices requires an individual's discipline. Toxic substances considered in this review include endocrine disruptors, arsenics, 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the organic solvent, Trichloroethylene (TCE), and the Benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene (B[<i>a</i>]P) produced from incomplete combustion of tobacco and other organic materials. Exposure to each of these toxic substances may have serious adverse health effects, especially in genetically more susceptible individuals. For example, children of mothers exposed to the endocrine disruptor, Atrazine, have significantly lower birth length, weight, and head circumference. Moreover, male offspring exhibit genital abnormalities, and all of these effects may be transgenerational. However, analyses of interactions among genes, the environment, and epigenetic modifications have already revealed distinctive individual risks of adverse reactions to toxic exposure. So, interventions through precision medicine might improve the health of those exposed individuals. Adults previously exposed to more than one ACE (e.g., child abuse and inter-parental violence) are more likely to develop anxiety, cancer, and diabetes. Detecting ACE exposures in children in the general population is fraught with difficulty. Thus, the risks of ACEs to our health remain even more insidious than exposures to toxicants. Nevertheless, higher provider compassion is associated with significantly better clinical outcomes for patients with these afflictions. For all these reasons, the first major aim of this review is to recount several of the major forces contributing to or impairing public health. Our second major aim is to examine mitigating influences on these forces, including social justice and provider compassion in the setting of precision medicine. Idealistically, these mitigators might eventually lead to the development of more cooperative and compassionate cultures and societies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between the Food Environment Around Schools and Food Consumption of Adolescents in Large and Small Municipalities in Southern Brazil.","authors":"Maria Beatriz Carolina da Silva, Katiany Claudete Pinheiro, Gabriele Rockenbach, Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig, Maria Gabriela Matias de Pinho, Lidiamara Dornelles de Souza, Adalberto A S Lopes, Francisco de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos, Elizabeth Nappi Corrêa","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111524","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between the consumption of healthy and unhealthy food markers among adolescents enrolled in the ninth grade of elementary school in municipal public schools and the food environment around the schools in two municipalities of different sizes, located in Southern Brazil. The data were collected between 2022 and 2023, with 449 adolescent participants. Of these, 347 were students from the municipality of Florianópolis, and 102 were students from the municipality of Governador Celso Ramos, all aged between 13 and 17 years. The establishments located around the schools were evaluated using AUDITNOVA, an instrument that investigates the environmental dimension and food dimension. The consumption of healthy eating markers (beans, vegetables, and fresh fruits) and unhealthy eating markers (ultra-processed foods, soft drinks, sweets, and fried snacks) among students was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Statistically significant associations were observed between the food environment around the school and the consumption of unhealthy food markers (OR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.41-0.98 <i>p</i> = 0.041) but only in the large municipality. No significant associations were found in the students' food consumption in the small municipality. A significant association between the school food environment and adolescents' consumption of unhealthy foods was observed in Florianópolis. Healthy food consumption was low among students in the small municipality, Governador Celso Ramos.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ripple Framework: Co-Producing Social, Cultural, and Economic Value in Care Through a Generative and Relational Approach.","authors":"Luis Soares, Sarah Kettley","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111521","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Work has been undertaken in the healthcare sector to explore ways of co-producing design responses with different communities and organisations. However, we lack empirical analysis of how design thinking can help tackle complexity. To assist the Healthier Working Lives programme, we curated the Ripple Framework to develop trust and attempt to address the challenges of complexity in residential care. Through a generative design process, data were used to collaboratively define bespoke co-design pathways with 31 participants from six Scottish care providers over ten months. Thematic, content, and matrix analyses produced insights to inform vignettes illustrating how design responded to complex social care sector needs, with a particular focus on the fulfilment and flourishing of the care workforce. Drawing on our empirical material and using the Design Research Value Model, we illustrate how we have developed social, cultural, and economic value in care through co-design, enabling an opportunity to test the novel methodology.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality Traits and Sociodemographic Variables' Effects on Parental Burnout During the Second and Fourth COVID-19 Waves in Italian Parents.","authors":"Giulia Giordano, Barbara Caci, Marianna Alesi, Ambra Gentile, Sofia Burgio, Concetta Polizzi","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21111520","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ijerph21111520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Background: Since the COVID-19 pandemic was a source of stress for families, this study aimed to investigate the influence of dispositional factors, such as personality traits and sociodemographic variables, on parental burnout among Italian parents during two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the study assessed personality traits and sociodemographic variables as protective or risk factors for parental burnout levels. (2) Methods: The study consisted of two cross-sectional samples collected during the second and fourth waves of the Italian pandemic. The participants included 600 Italian parents: 245 from the second wave (average age = 37.12, SD = 2.78) and 355 from the fourth wave (average age = 36.89, SD = 3.14). The measures used were the Balance between Risks and Resources, the Personality Inventory, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. (3) Results: The <i>t</i>-test showed that parents in the fourth wave had lower parental burnout levels. Moreover, stepwise multiple linear regression revealed that sociodemographic variables did not have an effect, while significant effects of personality traits were found. Specifically, neuroticism was identified as a risk factor for parental burnout, while agreeableness and openness were identified as protective factors. (4) Conclusions: The findings indicated that similar stress levels were reported between the two waves of parents and that personality traits play a crucial role in facilitating or limiting the management of parental competencies during a risk condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11593882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}