Primary Care Diabetes最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of prediabetes according to sleep apnea status","authors":"Yoo Jin Um ,&nbsp;Ho Kim ,&nbsp;Joohon Sung ,&nbsp;Yoo Hyun Um ,&nbsp;Sung-il Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and prediabetes using the STOP-Bang questionnaire remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of prediabetes among people based on their sleep apnea status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 10131 Korean adults without diabetes with information of STOP-Bang scores, drawn from the dataset of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2021. Prediabetes was defined in three subsets: only by fasting blood glucose (FBG) (FBG 100–125 mg/dL, HbA1c &lt;5.7 %), only by HbA1c (FBG &lt;100 mg/dL, HbA1c 5.7–6.4 %) or by both. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for prediabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 3828 subjects reported a STOP-Bang score of ≥ 3, which shows increased risk of OSA. Multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) showed that a STOP-Bang score ≥ 3 was associated with prediabetes meeting both FBG and HbA1c criteria (OR 1.06; 95 % CI 1.01–1.12). This association was statistically significant among women, particularly postmenopausal women (OR 1.20, 95 % CI 1.10–1.30; OR 1.21, 95 % CI 1.11–1.32, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In Korean general population, a significant correlation between higher OSA risk and prediabetes was observed, especially in postmenopausal women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48997,"journal":{"name":"Primary Care Diabetes","volume":"19 1","pages":"Pages 61-65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain management and social functioning limitations among adults with chronic pain by diabetes status: National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2019–2020","authors":"Ibrahim Zaganjor,&nbsp;Ryan Saelee,&nbsp;Yoshihisa Miyamoto,&nbsp;Fang Xu,&nbsp;Meda E. Pavkov","doi":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aims to describe pain management technique usage and social functioning limitations among adults with chronic pain by diabetes status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The 2019 and 2020 National Health Interview Survey data were pooled to complete this analysis. Use of the following techniques in the past 3 months were measured: 1) prescription opioids; 2) physical, rehabilitative, or occupational therapy; 3) talk therapies; 4) chiropractic care; 5) yoga, Tai Chi, or Qi Gong; 6) massage; and 7) relaxation techniques. The social functioning limitations assessed were: 1) doing errands alone; 2) participating in social activities; and 3) work limitations. Weighted prevalence and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for each outcome by diabetes status. Logistic regression was used to estimate age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios (aORs) to assess differences by diabetes status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Adults with diabetes and chronic pain were more likely to use prescription opioids (aOR: 1.4; 95 % CI: 1.2, 1.6) but less likely to use various nonpharmacological techniques than those without diabetes. Additionally, adults with diabetes and chronic pain were more likely to report each social functioning limitation than those without diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results suggest adults with diabetes and chronic pain may be missing beneficial opportunities to manage pain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48997,"journal":{"name":"Primary Care Diabetes","volume":"19 1","pages":"Pages 40-45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive association of oscillometrically estimated baseline arterial stiffness with incident diabetes and prediabetes: A large population-based cohort study","authors":"Angela L. Beros ,&nbsp;John D. Sluyter ,&nbsp;Alun D. Hughes ,&nbsp;Bernhard Hametner ,&nbsp;Siegfried Wassertheurer ,&nbsp;Robert Scragg","doi":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This large population-based study aimed to investigate whether arterial stiffness, assessed oscillometrically, was associated with incident diabetes/prediabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study sample comprised 4240 participants from the Vitamin D Assessment (ViDA) Study (mean±SD age = 66 ± 8). Arterial stiffness was assessed from 5 April 2011–6 November 2012 by way of aortic PWV (aPWV) and estimated carotid-femoral PWV (ecfPWV). Incident diabetes/prediabetes was determined by linkage to dispensed prescription and national hospital discharge registers. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the risk of diabetes/prediabetes in relation to chosen arterial stiffness measures both overall and over quartiles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During a mean±SD follow-up of 10.5 ± 0.4 years, 470 participants developed diabetes/prediabetes. Following adjustment for potential confounders, aPWV (hazard ratio (HR) per SD increase, 1.40, 95 % CI, 1.19–1.64) was associated with the incidence of diabetes. The risk of incident diabetes was, compared to the first quartile, higher in the fourth quartile of aPWV (HR, 1.98, 95 %CI, 1.26–3.11)(<em>P</em>_trend=0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Arterial stiffness, as measured by aPWV may be a useful predictor of incident diabetes that can be utilized in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48997,"journal":{"name":"Primary Care Diabetes","volume":"19 1","pages":"Pages 66-73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for mortality among people with diabetes in Spain: The DIMORTES study","authors":"Elena Caride-Miana ,&nbsp;Domingo Orozco-Beltrán ,&nbsp;Jose Antonio Quesada ,&nbsp;Jose Joaquin Mira-Solves","doi":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic disease with an increasing global prevalence.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study was to analyse all-cause mortality and its associated factors in people with DM in Spain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a population-based retrospective study based on the 2011/2012 Spanish National Health Survey and the Spanish national death register, with six years of follow-up. The response variable was all-cause mortality, and explanatory variables included sociodemographic characteristics, health characteristics, use of health services, and lifestyle habits.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 14,784 respondents aged over 40 years, 1781 (12.0 %) had a diagnosis of DM. There were 350 deaths during follow-up (19.7 % cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality). The most common comorbidities in people with DM included overweight and obesity (68.7 %), hypertension (60.9 %) and hypercholesterolemia (51.4 %). The main factors associated with mortality were a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.43 95 % CI 1.01–2.03); hospital admission in the last year (HR 1.52, 95 % CI 1.15–2.01); depressive disorder (HR 1.53, 95 % CI 1.05–2.23); and smoking (HR 1.84, 95 % CI 1.11–3.05). The association between mortality and history of acute myocardial infarction was time dependent, strengthening considerably over the follow-up period.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Among people with DM, there are significant associations between mortality and concomitant chronic respiratory disease, depressive disorder, hospital admission in the last year, and smoking. Greater efforts are required in the detection and management of these comorbidities in DM owing to their implication in mortality risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48997,"journal":{"name":"Primary Care Diabetes","volume":"19 1","pages":"Pages 15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on new-onset adult diabetes and its one-year follow-up","authors":"Elif Ece Doğan ,&nbsp;Nubar Rasulova ,&nbsp;Fatima Bayramova ,&nbsp;Hülya Hacisahinoğulları ,&nbsp;Gülşah Yenidünya Yalın ,&nbsp;Özlem Soyluk Selçukbiricik ,&nbsp;Nurdan Gül ,&nbsp;Ayşe Kubat Üzüm ,&nbsp;Kubilay Karşıdağ ,&nbsp;İlhan Satman","doi":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Bidirectional detrimental relationships between COVID-19 infection and diabetes have been described globally. However, new-onset diabetes in adults and its follow-up during the pandemic have not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, new-onset autoimmune and type 2 diabetes cases during the pandemic were compared to those before the pandemic, and the clinical course of new-onset diabetes during the pandemic was examined.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this single-center retrospective cohort study, clinical and laboratory characteristics of new-onset diabetes patients before the pandemic (n = 161) and during the pandemic (n = 144) were evaluated between March 2018 and March 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A 1.85-fold increase in new-onset adult diabetes cases was observed during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic period (p = 0.010), while the proportion of autoimmune and type 2 diabetes (T2D) did not change. During the pandemic, there was a 6.2-fold increase in autoimmune diabetes presented with DKA (p = 0.003). Insulin was preferred 1.7 times more frequently as initial treatment during the pandemic (p = 0.014), and mean HbA1c (p = 0.003) and C-peptide (p = 0.010) were higher. Clinical and laboratory data did not differ between PCR (+) and PCR (-) patients. At one-year follow-up, while only HbA1c decreased in the autoimmune diabetes; in T2D group fasting glucose, HbA1c, C-peptide, and lipid profile were significantly improved.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The pandemic led to increased new-onset adult diabetes presented with DKA. However, clinical and laboratory features were similar between PCR positive and negative cases. PCR-confirmed COVID-19 may not adversely affect the medium-term clinical course of new diabetes in adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48997,"journal":{"name":"Primary Care Diabetes","volume":"19 1","pages":"Pages 74-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cohort study on the risk of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes patients with serum TG/HDL-C ratio","authors":"Chunhui Li ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Dongmei Feng ,&nbsp;Xiyun Bian ,&nbsp;Hu You ,&nbsp;Chengquan Liang ,&nbsp;Jing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pcd.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcd.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision impairment in type 2 diabetes. This study aims to clarify the association between baseline triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and DR risk in type 2 diabetes patients to aid in prevention and treatment strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study included 1049 patients with type 2 diabetes who met the inclusion criteria and underwent health examinations at our hospital from January 2017 to December 2023. All patients completed seven follow-up visits within seven years. Baseline data from 2017 were utilized for the analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) method were employed to analyze the association between baseline serum TG/HDL-C ratio and the risk of DR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1049 patients were included in the cohort, with a median follow-up period of seven years. During the follow-up period, 124 new cases of DR were identified, with an incidence rate of 11.8 %. The incidence of DR showed an upward trend with increasing baseline TG/HDL-C ratio. After adjusting for various potential confounding factors in the Cox proportional hazards regression model, high TG/HDL-C ratio levels were identified as a risk factor for DR (HR=3.04, 95 % CI 1.55–5.98, P = 0.0029).In the dose-response relationship analysis, a significant nonlinear relationship was observed between the TG/HDL-C ratio and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) (nonlinear P value = 0.029). The risk of DR significantly increased when the TG/HDL-C ratio reached 3.3 (HR = 1.56, 95 % CI: 1.17–2.10, P = 0.003) and then leveled off.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High TG/HDL-C ratio is closely associated with the occurrence of DR and has a certain predictive value for the onset of DR.</div></div><div><h3>Data Availability</h3><div>The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. The data are not publicly available due to confidentiality agreements with the funding organization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48997,"journal":{"name":"Primary Care Diabetes","volume":"19 2","pages":"Pages 195-200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of general practitioner appointment frequency on disease management in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients","authors":"Miguel García-Villarino ,&nbsp;Pablo Martínez-Camblor ,&nbsp;Ana Victoria García ,&nbsp;Elsa Villa-Fernández ,&nbsp;Sonia Pérez-Fernández ,&nbsp;Carmen Lambert ,&nbsp;Pedro Pujante ,&nbsp;Elena Fernández-Suárez ,&nbsp;María-Dolores Chiara ,&nbsp;Edelmiro Menéndez Torre ,&nbsp;José María Fernández Rodríguez-Lacín ,&nbsp;Jesús De la Hera ,&nbsp;Elías Delgado","doi":"10.1016/j.pcd.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcd.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>We investigated the association between the frequency of visits to general practitioners (GPs) and the degree of disease control in patients with T2DM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included patients diagnosed with T2DM who visited their GPs between 2014 and 2018. A total of 89,674 patients, accounting for 1,203,035 visits, were included. Different clinical features such as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c%), blood pressure (BP), and c-LDL levels were analyzed. Multifactorial control of T2DM was defined as HbA1c ≤ 7 %, BP ≤ 140/90 mmHg, and LDL cholesterol ≤ 100 mg/dL. Generalized Estimating Equations models were implemented in order to deal with repeated measures for the same patient.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age of the patients is 70 years, with 52.8 % being male. An increase in the number of visits per year significantly improves the likelihood of achieving multifactorial diabetes control. Patients with more than 3-visits per year (55.6 %) have a Relative Risks (RR) of 1.258 (95 % Confidence Interval: 1.120–1.414). Frequent visits are associated with better multifactorial control and better c-LDL management. Patients visiting more than 3-times annually tend to achieve better outcomes in multifactorial and c-LDL control.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Increasing the frequency of primary care visits significantly enhances multifactorial and cholesterol control among T2DM patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48997,"journal":{"name":"Primary Care Diabetes","volume":"19 2","pages":"Pages 165-172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ramadan fasting and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A real-world data analysis","authors":"Swan- Abu Salih A ,&nbsp;G. Chodick ,&nbsp;P. Klein ,&nbsp;S. Eilat-Adar","doi":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study is to assess the impact of Ramadan intermittent fasting on glycemic control in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This historical prospective study utilized electronic health records from a major state-mandated healthcare provider. The research sample included Muslim adults aged 40–70 years, who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Their place of residence, categorized as a yes/no predominantly Muslim-Arab city, was identified for analysis purposes. Data regarding fasting plasma glucose and HbA1C levels were extracted from the 90 days preceding and the 45 days following the Ramadan period, spanning across six years (2011–2016). The annual data were aggregated and analyzed using a mixed-model ANOVA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Muslim participants during Ramadan were found to have a higher likelihood of experiencing a change in HbA1C levels of ≥ 0.5 % compared to their non-Muslim counterparts, displaying an odds ratio (OR) of 1.89 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.24–2.88). Among Muslims with initially normal HbA1C levels (≤7 %), there was a heightened risk of both decreased (≤-0.5 %) HbA1C levels (OR=2.62, 95 % CI: 1.15–6.00) and increased (≥+0.5 %) HbA1C levels (OR=2.85, 95 % CI: 1.24–6.57) in comparison to the non-Muslim group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In Muslims with type 2 diabetes, fasting during the Ramadan increases the risk of their HbA1C-levels rising by more than 0.5 %. These results underscore the potentially dual impact of Ramadan intermittent fasting on glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48997,"journal":{"name":"Primary Care Diabetes","volume":"19 2","pages":"Pages 184-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic foot ulcer in the Western Pacific Region: Current data on ulceration rates and microbial profiles, gaps and charting strategies","authors":"Quan-Hziung Lim ,&nbsp;Lawrence Chun-Wei Loy ,&nbsp;Haireen Abdul Hadi ,&nbsp;Nik Aizah Nabilla Faheem ,&nbsp;Izzati Syahirah Shaharuddin ,&nbsp;Sasheela Sri La Ponnampalavanar ,&nbsp;Lee-Ling Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Western Pacific Region hosts the largest proportion of people with diabetes. Despite being a key diabetes-related complication, diabetic foot ulcer has been neglected in both prevention and treatment efforts. This narrative review highlights available data on the burden (either prevalence or incidence), as well as microbial profiles of diabetic foot ulcers in the Western Pacific Region, identifies data gaps, and discusses strategies to address these gaps. There are substantial gaps in epidemiological data and microbial profiles for many countries in the Western Pacific Region. Addressing these gaps require developing and strengthening data collection systems for effective surveillance and benchmarking of diabetes care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48997,"journal":{"name":"Primary Care Diabetes","volume":"19 2","pages":"Pages 133-142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating socioeconomic disparities in prescribing new diabetes medications in individuals with type 2 diabetes and very high cardiovascular risk in the Netherlands","authors":"Frank H. Ardesch ,&nbsp;Rose J. Geurten ,&nbsp;Jeroen N. Struijs ,&nbsp;Dirk Ruwaard ,&nbsp;Henk J.G. Bilo ,&nbsp;Arianne M.J. Elissen","doi":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aims to analyze prescription patterns of new diabetes medication and assess socioeconomic disparities in their initiation among individuals with T2DM with very high cardiovascular risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Individuals diagnosed with T2DM and very high cardiovascular risk were identified (N = 10,768) based on general practitioner’s electronic health record data. SGLT-2is and GLP-1RAs prescription patterns were examined. Furthermore, the association between SES and the prescription of SGLT-2is and GLP-1RAs in 2022 was investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Despite the increase in prescription rates of SGLT-2is and GLP-1RAs between 2019 and 2022, approximately 85 % and 93 % of eligible individuals did not receive SGLT-2is and GLP-1RAs in 2022, respectively. We found a positive association between SGLT-2is prescription and SES in only the 4th quintile compared to 1st quintile (referent) in the fully adjusted model (OR 1.29 95 % CI:1.08–1.54).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prescription rates among eligible individuals highlight significant room for improvement in aligning prescribing practices with guidelines. We found no profound socioeconomic gradient in initiation of SGLT-2is and GLP-1RAs. The latter may be due to guidelines’ clear indication of the eligible population and GP education. Future development and potential disparities in initiation and maintenance should be monitored to ensure equitable prescribing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48997,"journal":{"name":"Primary Care Diabetes","volume":"19 2","pages":"Pages 178-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}