Acta Neuropsychiatrica最新文献

{"title":"Unravelling the complex tapestry of addiction: insights from recent research.","authors":"Gregers Wegener","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.8","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2024.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"36 2","pages":"65-66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma neurofilament light chain is increased in Niemann-Pick Type C but glial fibrillary acidic protein remains normal.","authors":"Dhamidhu Eratne, Courtney Lewis, Wendy Kelso, Samantha Loi, Wei-Hsuan Michelle Chiu, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Alexander F Santillo, Dennis Velakoulis, Mark Walterfang","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.14","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2024.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC) is a genetic neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder commonly associated with psychiatric symptoms and delays to accurate diagnosis and treatment. This study investigated biomarker levels and diagnostic utility of plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in NPC compared to healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with NPC were recruited from a specialist assessment and management service. Data was available from an age and sex-matched healthy control group. NfL and GFAP were measured on Quanterix Simoa HD-X analysers and groups compared using generalised linear models. NfL levels were compared to, and percentiles derived from, recently developed NfL reference ranges.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma NfL was significantly elevated in 11 patients with NPC compared to 25 controls (mean 17.1 vs. 7.4 pg/ml, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and reference ranges (all >98^th percentile). NfL distinguished NPC from controls with high accuracy. GFAP levels were not elevated in NPC (66.6 vs. 75.1 pg/ml).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study adds important evidence on the potential diagnostic utility of plasma NfL in NPC, extends the literature of NfL as a diagnostic tool to differentiate neurodegenerative from primary psychiatric disorders, and adds support to the pathology in NPC primarily involving neuronal, particularly axonal, degeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White matter tract alterations in schizophrenia identified by DTI-based probabilistic tractography: a multisite harmonisation study.","authors":"Young Tak Jo, Sung Woo Joo, Woohyeok Choi, Soohyun Joe, Jungsun Lee","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2024.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It has been suggested that schizophrenia involves dysconnectivity between functional brain regions and also the white matter structural disorganisation. Thus, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has widely been used for studying schizophrenia. However, most previous studies have used the region of interest (ROI) based approach. We, therefore, performed the probabilistic tractography method in this study to reveal the alterations of white matter tracts in the schizophrenia brain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of four different datasets consisted of 189 patients with schizophrenia and 213 healthy controls were investigated. We performed retrospective harmonisation of raw diffusion MRI data by dMRIharmonisation and used the FMRIB Software Library (FSL) for probabilistic tractography. The connectivities between different ROIs were then compared between patients and controls. Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between the connection probabilities and the symptoms and cognitive measures in patients with schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After applying Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, 11 different tracts showed significant differences between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Many of these tracts were associated with the basal ganglia or cortico-striatal structures, which aligns with the current literature highlighting striatal dysfunction. Moreover, we found that these tracts demonstrated statistically significant relationships with few cognitive measures related to language, executive function, or processing speed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We performed probabilistic tractography using a large, harmonised dataset of diffusion MRI data, which enhanced the statistical power of our study. It is important to note that most of the tracts identified in this study, particularly callosal and cortico-striatal streamlines, have been previously implicated in schizophrenia within the current literature. Further research with harmonised data focusing specifically on these brain regions could be recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on cortical thickness in depression: a systematic review.","authors":"Tommaso Toffanin, Giulia Cattarinussi, Niccolò Ghiotto, Marialaura Lussignoli, Chiara Pavan, Luca Pieri, Sami Schiff, Francesco Finatti, Francesca Romagnolo, Federica Folesani, Maria Giulia Nanni, Rosangela Caruso, Luigi Zerbinati, Martino Belvederi Murri, Maria Ferrara, Giorgio Pigato, Luigi Grassi, Fabio Sambataro","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.6","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2024.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most studied and validated available treatments for severe or treatment-resistant depression. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying ECT. This systematic review aims to critically review all structural magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating longitudinal cortical thickness (CT) changes after ECT in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a search on PubMed, Medline, and Embase to identify all available studies published before April 20, 2023. A total of 10 studies were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The investigations showed widespread increases in CT after ECT in depressed patients, involving mainly the temporal, insular, and frontal regions. In five studies, CT increases in a non-overlapping set of brain areas correlated with the clinical efficacy of ECT. The small sample size, heterogeneity in terms of populations, comorbidities, and ECT protocols, and the lack of a control group in some investigations limit the generalisability of the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings support the idea that ECT can increase CT in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. It remains unclear whether these changes are related to the clinical response. Future larger studies with longer follow-up are warranted to thoroughly address the potential role of CT as a biomarker of clinical response after ECT.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggressive behaviours associated with MDMA and psychedelics: a narrative review.","authors":"Negar Sayrafizadeh, Nicole Ledwos, M Ishrat Husain, David J Castle","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.3","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2024.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Monoamine neurotransmitters play a role in aggression, especially when altered by illicit substances. However, some literature suggests that not all illicit substances may lead to aggression, notably psychedelics. This narrative review investigates the associations between serotonergic psychedelics and MDMA on aggressive behaviour.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed and PsycINFO were searched for original, peer-reviewed articles evaluating the effects of serotonergic psychedelics and 3,4-methyl enedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA) on violent and aggressive behaviour using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After removing duplicates, a total of 555 articles were screened, with 16 meeting the inclusion criteria. One additional article was obtained through reference screening bringing the total to 17 articles. Of these 17 articles, 14 studies focused on MDMA and three on serotonergic psychedelics. Findings were mixed, with some results demonstrating increased aggression following psychedelics and others suggesting protective effects. Limitations in the current literature include varied definitions of psychedelics, lack of standardised objective outcome measures and failure to control for confounding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As psychedelic research continues to expand, further assessment on the effects of serotonergic psychedelics and MDMA on aggressive behaviour is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between common mental disorders and tuberculosis: a case-control study from Guinea-Bissau.","authors":"Lena Larson, Grethe Lemvik, Frauke Rudolf, Victor Francisco Gomes, Andreas Schröder, Christian Wejse","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.5","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2024.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to explore the association between tuberculosis (TB) and common mental disorders (CMD), in an area with high prevalence of TB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a case-control study of TB patients and unmatched healthy controls, from a demographic surveillance site in Guinea-Bissau. Screening for CMD was performed once for controls and at inclusion and follow-up for TB patients. Kessler 10 (K-10) and a brief version of Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25 (SCL-8d) were used as screening instruments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>571 controls were interviewed and 416 interviews were performed for 215 TB cases. Estimated CMD prevalence at the time of diagnosis of TB was 33.6 % (SCL-8d) and 46.2 % (K-10), compared with 6.8 % (SCL-8d) and 6.7 % (K-10) among controls; adjusted OR 7.18 (95 % CI 4.07 to 12.67) and 14.52 (95 % CI 8.15 to 25.84), respectively. No significant difference in CMD prevalence rates was observed between TB patients, after 6 months of treatment, and controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychological distress and common mental disorders were more prevalent among TB patients at the time of diagnosis compared with the background population, but after completion of TB treatment no increased prevalence of psychological distress was found.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Fagiolini et al. (2023).","authors":"David S Baldwin, Vasilios G Masdrakis","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.59","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"61-62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"About the paper 'Apathy associated with antidepressants: a systematic review'.","authors":"Andrea Fagiolini","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.58","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.58","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social cognition, emotion regulation and social competence in classical galactosemia patients without intellectual disability.","authors":"Merel E Hermans, Gert J Geurtsen, Carla E M Hollak, Mirian C H Janssen, Janneke G Langendonk, Valerie L V Merckelbach, Esmee Oussoren, Kim J Oostrom, Annet M Bosch","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.61","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.61","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Classical galactosemia (CG) is an inborn error of galactose metabolism. Many CG patients suffer from long-term complications including poor cognitive functioning. There are indications of social dysfunction but limited evidence in the literature. Therefore, this study aims to improve our understanding of social competence in CG by investigating social cognition, neurocognition and emotion regulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive (neuro)psychological test battery, including self and proxy questionnaires, was administered to CG patients without intellectual disability. Social cognition was assessed by facial emotion recognition, Theory of Mind and self-reported empathy. Standardised results were compared to normative data of the general population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 23 patients (aged 8-52) were included in the study. On a group level, CG patients reported satisfaction with social roles and no social dysfunction despite the self-report of lower social skills. They showed deficits in all aspects of social cognition on both performance tests (emotion recognition and Theory of Mind) and self-report questionnaires (empathy). Adults had a lower social participation than the general population. Parents reported lower social functioning, less adaptive emotion regulation and communication difficulties in their children. Individual differences in scores were present.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that CG patients without intellectual disability are satisfied with their social competence, especially social functioning. Nevertheless, deficits in social cognition are present in a large proportion of CG patients. Due to the large variability in scores and discrepancies between self- and proxy-report, an individually tailored, comprehensive neuropsychological assessment including social cognition is advised in all CG patients. Treatment plans need to be customised to the individual patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139098963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytokines in hepatitis C-infected patients with or without opioid maintenance therapy.","authors":"Kristin Nygaard-Odeh, Hedda Soloy-Nilsen, Magnhild Gangsoy Kristiansen, Ole Lars Brekke, Tom Eirik Mollnes, Michael Berk, Jorgen G Bramness, Terje Oiesvold","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2023.56","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Both chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and opioids cause altered blood levels of cytokines. Previous studies have investigated levels of selected groups of cytokines in patients on opioid maintenance treatment. Little is known about the levels of multiple cytokines in patients with chronic HCV infection on opioid maintenance treatment. Our aim was to investigate the cytokine profile in patients with active HCV infection with and without opioid maintenance treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study in an out-patients population included upon referral for antiviral hepatitis C infection treatment. The level of 27 cytokines was measured in serum using multiplex technology. Patients were interviewed using a modified version of the European addiction severity index. Data pertaining to weight, height, current medication, smoking habits, allergies, previous medical history and ongoing withdrawal symptoms were collected. Non-parametric testing was used to investigate differences in levels of cytokines between the two groups. A 3-model hierarchical regression analysis was used to analyse associations between cytokines and confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 120 included patients, 53 were on opioid maintenance treatment. Median duration of opioid treatment was 68.4 months. There were no demographical differences between the two groups other than age. IL-1β was lower and eotaxin-1 higher in the group on opioid maintenance treatment than in the non-opioid group. No other inter-group differences in the remaining cytokine levels were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In HCV infection patients, the impact of chronic opioid administration on peripheral circulating cytokine level is minimal.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}