Samantha Johnstone, Maryam Sorkhou, Molly Zhang, Sarah S Dermody, Rachel A Rabin, Tony P George
{"title":"Cannabis cravings predict cigarette use in schizophrenia: a secondary analysis from two cannabis abstinence studies.","authors":"Samantha Johnstone, Maryam Sorkhou, Molly Zhang, Sarah S Dermody, Rachel A Rabin, Tony P George","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2292010","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2292010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical trial name: </strong>Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) on Cannabis Use and Cognitive Outcomes in SchizophreniaURL: www.clinicaltrials.gov; Registration Number: NCT03189810.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"95-105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139425756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai-Ting Chen, Ming-Chyi Huang, Chun Lin, Hu-Ming Chang, Chung-Feng Kao
{"title":"GxE interaction effects of <i>HCRTR2</i> single nucleotide polymorphism and adverse childhood experiences on methamphetamine use disorder.","authors":"Kai-Ting Chen, Ming-Chyi Huang, Chun Lin, Hu-Ming Chang, Chung-Feng Kao","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2297661","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2297661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is a worldwide health concern. The hypothalamic orexin system regulates stress response and addictive behaviors. The genetic variation in the hypocretin receptor 2 (HCRTR2), rs2653349, is associated with substance use disorder.<i>Objectives:</i> We explored the gene-environment (GxE) interaction of rs2653349 and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) associated with MUD susceptibility.<i>Methods:</i> Four hundred and one individuals (336 males, 65 females) with MUD and 348 healthy controls (288 males, 60 females) completed a self-report questionnaire evaluating ACEs, encompassing childhood abuse and household dysfunction categories, and were genotyped for SNP rs2653349. Methamphetamine use variables were collected using the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies. We used regression analyses to assess the GxE effect on MUD risk.<i>Results:</i> The MUD group had a comparable genotypic distribution for rs2653349 to the control group, albeit with a higher prevalence and number of types of ACEs, correlating with an increased MUD risk (<i>p</i> < .05). No significant genetic impact of rs2653349 on MUD risk was found. However, we observed a GxE interaction effect between the minor allele of rs2653349 and the number of childhood abuse or household dysfunction types, correlating with a reduced MUD risk (OR = -0.71, <i>p</i> = .04, Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted <i>p</i> = .08 and OR = -0.59, <i>p</i> = .045, Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted <i>p</i> = .09, respectively).<i>Conclusion:</i> HCRTR2 SNP rs2653349 has no significant impact on MUD risk, but ACEs may increase this risk. GxE results suggest that rs2653349 could offer protection against developing MUD in individuals experiencing multiple types of ACEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"84-94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139651987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel P A Costa, Julio C Nunes, Daniel L Heringer, Akhil Anand, Joao P De Aquino
{"title":"The impact of cannabis on non-medical opioid use among individuals receiving pharmacotherapies for opioid use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.","authors":"Gabriel P A Costa, Julio C Nunes, Daniel L Heringer, Akhil Anand, Joao P De Aquino","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2287406","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2287406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> The relationship between cannabis use and the risk of returning to using opioids non-medically during treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) remains unclear.<i>Objective:</i> We sought to quantify the impact of cannabis use on the risk of non-medical opioid use among people receiving pharmacotherapies for OUD.<i>Methods:</i> A comprehensive search was performed using multiple databases from March 1 to April 5 of 2023. Eligible studies longitudinally assessed the association between cannabis use and non-medical opioid use among people with OUD receiving treatment with buprenorphine, methadone, or naltrexone. We utilized a random-effects model employing the restricted maximum likelihood method. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to understand potential differences between each OUD treatment modality.<i>Results:</i> A total of 10 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. There were 8,367 participants (38% female). The average follow-up time across these studies was 9.7 months (SD = 3.77), ranging from 4 to 15 months. The pharmacotherapies involved were methadone (76.3%) buprenorphine (21.3%), and naltrexone (2.4%). The pooled odds ratio did not indicate that cannabis use significantly influenced non-medical opioid use (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.97-1.04, <i>p</i> = .98). There is evidence of moderate heterogeneity and publication bias.<i>Conclusion:</i> There was no significant association between cannabis use and non-medical opioid use among patients receiving pharmacotherapies for OUD. These findings neither confirm concerns about cannabis increasing non-medical opioid use during MOUD, nor do they endorse its efficacy in decreasing non-medical opioid use with MOUD. This indicates a need for individualized approaches for cannabis use and challenges the requirement of cannabis abstinence to maintain OUD pharmacotherapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"12-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda M Bunting, Riley Shearer, Ashley N Linden-Carmichael, Arthur Robin Williams, Sandra D Comer, Magdalena Cerdá, Jennifer Lorvick
{"title":"Are you thinking what I'm thinking? Defining what we mean by \"polysubstance use.\"","authors":"Amanda M Bunting, Riley Shearer, Ashley N Linden-Carmichael, Arthur Robin Williams, Sandra D Comer, Magdalena Cerdá, Jennifer Lorvick","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2248360","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2248360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise in drug overdoses and harms associated with the use of more than one substance has led to increased use of the term \"polysubstance use\" among researchers, clinicians, and public health officials. However, the term retains no consistent definition across contexts. The current authors convened from disciplines including sociology, epidemiology, neuroscience, and addiction psychiatry to propose a recommended definition of polysubstance use. An iterative process considered authors' formal and informal conversations, insights from relevant symposia, talks, and conferences, as well as their own research and clinical experiences to propose the current definition. Three key concepts were identified as necessary to define polysubstance use: (1) substances involved, (2) timing, and (3) intent. Substances involved include clarifying either (1) the number and type of substances used, (2) presence of more than one substance use disorder, or (3) primary and secondary substance use. The concept of timing is recommended to use clear terms such as simultaneous, sequential, and same-day polysubstance use to describe short-term behaviors (e.g., 30-day windows). Finally, the concept of intent refers to clarifying unintentional use or exposure when possible, and greater attention to motivations of polysubstance use. These three components should be clearly defined in research on polysubstance use to improve consistency across disciplines. Consistent definitions of polysubstance use can aid in the synthesis of evidence to better address an overdose crisis that increasingly involves multiple substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10939915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41154068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yasin Yalniz, Oruç Yunusoğlu, Mehmet Berköz, Mustafa Enes Demirel
{"title":"Effects of fisetin on ethanol-induced rewarding properties in mice.","authors":"Yasin Yalniz, Oruç Yunusoğlu, Mehmet Berköz, Mustafa Enes Demirel","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2292976","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2292976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder associated with compulsive drinking of alcohol. Natural flavonoid fisetin affects a variety of transmitter systems relevant to AUD, such as aminobutyric acid, N-methyl-D-aspartate, and dopamine, as well as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors.<i>Objectives:</i> This study investigated fisetin's impact on the motivational properties of ethanol using conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice (<i>n</i> = 50).<i>Methods:</i> Mice were conditioned with ethanol (2 g/kg, i.p.) or saline on alternating days for 8 consecutive days and were given intragastric (i.g.) fisetin (10, 20, or 30 mg/kg, i.g.), 45 min before ethanol conditioning. During extinction, physiological saline was injected to the control and ethanol groups, and fisetin was administered to the fisetin groups. To evaluate the effect of fisetin on the reinstatement of ethanol-induced CPP, fisetin was given 45 min before a priming dose of ethanol (0.4 g/kg, i.p.; reinstatement test day).<i>Results:</i> Fisetin decreased the acquisition of ethanol-induced CPP (30 mg/kg, <i>p</i> < .05) and accelerated extinction (20 and 30 mg/kg, <i>p</i> < .05). Furthermore, fisetin attenuated reinstatement of ethanol-induced CPP (30 mg/kg, <i>p</i> < .05).<i>Conclusions:</i> Fisetin appears to diminish the rewarding properties of ethanol, as indicated by its inhibitory effect and facilitation of extinction in ethanol-induced CPP. These findings imply a potential therapeutic application of fisetin in preventing ethanol-seeking behavior, promoting extinction, and reducing the risk of relapse.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"75-83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139486570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda von Horn, David Hathaway, Janet Richmond, Grace Chang
{"title":"Fiduciary assignment as a potential intervention for substance use disorder: a retrospective chart review.","authors":"Amanda von Horn, David Hathaway, Janet Richmond, Grace Chang","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2286584","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2286584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Assignment of fiduciaries to veterans with disability payments is an intervention thought to improve quality of life; however, in veterans who use substances, a proportion of these payments may be misspent on drugs and/or alcohol. While fiduciary assignment may reduce funds available to purchase substances, clinical efficacy of this intervention in the management of substance use disorders has not been rigorously demonstrated.<i>Objectives:</i> The purpose of this study is to evaluate changes in clinical status before and after fiduciary assignment.<i>Methods:</i> This was a retrospective chart review of 50 (44 male, 6 female) veterans who were assigned a fiduciary and determined to have a substance use disorder (SUD). SUD-related data including outpatient and inpatient treatment, toxicology testing, and measures of psychosocial functioning for the three years before and after fiduciary assignment were extracted and compared.<i>Results:</i> Veterans were found to have higher rates of any form of employment after fiduciary assignment (Wilcoxon, Signed Ranked S-statistic = 0.22, pr = 0.02). Two changes in measures of substance use were found after fiduciary assignment. There was a reduction in positive screens for heroin (tstatistic = -2.7, <i>p</i> = .01), but an increase in positive screens for fentanyl (t statistic = 2.53, <i>p</i> = .02). There were some potentially clinically but not statistically significant trends in increased adherence with mental health appointments, number of medical hospitalizations, and rates of employment post-fiduciary assignment.<i>Conclusions:</i> Understanding the clinical impact of fiduciary assignment for veteran's benefits is desirable but still pending at this time.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"117-122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139651986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomas Chao, McWelling Todman, Richard W Foltin, Suzette M Evans, Gillinder Bedi
{"title":"Laboratory method to induce state boredom increases impulsive choice in people who use cocaine and controls.","authors":"Thomas Chao, McWelling Todman, Richard W Foltin, Suzette M Evans, Gillinder Bedi","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2248544","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2248544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Impulsive choice is associated with both cocaine use and relapse. Little is known about the influence of transient states on impulsive choice in people who use cocaine (PWUC).<i>Objective:</i> This study investigated the direct effects of induced boredom on impulsive choice (i.e., temporal discounting) in PWUC relative to well-matched community controls.<i>Methods:</i> Forty-one PWUC (≥1× cocaine use in past 3 months; 7 females) and 38 demographically matched controls (5 females) underwent two experimental conditions in counterbalanced order. Temporal discounting was assessed immediately after a standardized boredom induction task (peg-turning) and a self-selected video watched for the same duration (non-boredom). Subjective mood state and perceived task characteristics were assessed at baseline, during experimental manipulations, and after the choice task.<i>Results:</i> PWUC and controls were well matched on sex, age, and socioeconomic status. Groups were also similar in reported use of drugs other than cocaine, except for recent cigarette and alcohol use (PWUC > controls). As expected, peg-turning increased boredom in the sample overall, with higher boredom reported during peg-turning than the video (<i>p</i> < .001, η<sup>2</sup><sub>p </sub>= .20). Participants overall exhibited greater impulsive choice after boredom than non-boredom (<i>p</i> = .028, η<sup>2</sup><sub>p </sub>= .07), with no preferential effects in PWUC (<i>p</i> > .05, BF<sub>01</sub> = 2.9).<i>Conclusion:</i> Experimentally induced boredom increased state impulsivity irrespective of cocaine use status - in PWUC and carefully matched controls - suggesting a broad link between boredom and impulsive choice. This is the first study to show that transient boredom directly increases impulsive choice. Data support a viable laboratory method to further parse the effects of boredom on impulsive choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"42-53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erik M Benau, Jillian H Zavodnick, Rebecca C Jaffe
{"title":"Initial evidence of reliability and validity of an implicit association test assessing attitudes toward individuals who use substances.","authors":"Erik M Benau, Jillian H Zavodnick, Rebecca C Jaffe","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2300398","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2300398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Substance use disorders (SUDs) are stigmatized conditions, with individual biases driving poor health outcomes. There are surprisingly few validated measures of bias or stigma toward individuals who use substances. Bias can be classified as explicit (self-report) or implicit (behaviorally based).<i>Objectives:</i> The goal of the present study was to establish preliminary indices of reliability and validity of an implicit association test (IAT) designed to measure implicit bias toward individuals who use substances.<i>Methods:</i> A large United States-based, crowd-sourced sample (<i>n</i> = 394, 51.5% male, 45.4% female, 2.5% nonbinary) completed the IAT and a small battery of survey instruments that assessed social distance to mental illness (including heroin use), attitude toward and perceived controllability of injection drug use, perception of public stigma, and social desirability.<i>Results:</i> Nearly all (92%; <i>n</i> = 363) scores on the IAT indicated greater negative than positive attitudes toward those who use substances. Spearman-Brown corrected split-half reliability on the IAT scores was excellent, <i>r</i> = .953. Controlling for social desirability, IAT scores positively correlated with all included measures pertaining to substance use as well as social distance for heroin and schizophrenia (but not diabetes). A principal component analysis resulted in two interpretable components representing disapproval (perceived controllability and negative attitudes) and perceived stigma (social stigma and social distance). Scores on the IAT positively correlated to scores on both components, again, controlling for social desirability.<i>Conclusion:</i> These results provide compelling preliminary evidence of validity of an IAT designed to measure bias toward individuals who use substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"64-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139651988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah R Tierney, Yifei Ma, Peter Bacchetti, Adaora A Adimora, Aruna Chandran, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Lauren F Collins, Jack DeHovitz, Ralph J DiClemente, Audrey L French, Deborah L Jones, Anjali Sharma, Amanda B Spence, Judith A Hahn, Jennifer C Price, Phyllis C Tien
{"title":"Pivoting from in-person to phone survey assessment of alcohol and substance use: effects on representativeness in a United States prospective cohort of women living with and without HIV.","authors":"Hannah R Tierney, Yifei Ma, Peter Bacchetti, Adaora A Adimora, Aruna Chandran, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Lauren F Collins, Jack DeHovitz, Ralph J DiClemente, Audrey L French, Deborah L Jones, Anjali Sharma, Amanda B Spence, Judith A Hahn, Jennifer C Price, Phyllis C Tien","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2267745","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2267745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Many clinical and population-based research studies pivoted from in-person assessments to phone-based surveys due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The impact of these transitions on survey response remains understudied, especially for people living with HIV. Given that there are gender-specific trends in alcohol and substance use, it is particularly important to capture these data for women.<i>Objective:</i> Identify factors associated with responding to an alcohol and substance use phone survey administered during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Women's Interagency HIV Study, a multicenter US prospective cohort of women living with and without HIV.<i>Methods:</i> We used multivariable logistic regression to assess for associations of pre-pandemic (April-September 2019) sociodemographic factors, HIV status, housing status, depressive symptoms, alcohol use, and substance use with response to an early-pandemic (August-September 2020) phone survey.<i>Results:</i> Of 1,847 women who attended an in-person visit in 2019, 78% responded to a phone survey during the pandemic. The odds of responding were lower for women of Hispanic ethnicity (aOR 0.47 95% CI 0.33-0.66, ref=Black/African American) and those who reported substance use (aOR 0.63 95% CI 0.41-0.98). By contrast, the odds were higher for White women (aOR 1.64 95% CI 1.02-2.70, ref=Black/African American) and those with stable housing (aOR 1.74 95% CI 1.24-2.43).<i>Conclusions:</i> Pivoting from an in-person to phone-administered alcohol and substance use survey may lead to underrepresentation of key subpopulations of women who are often neglected in substance use and HIV research. As remote survey methods become more common, investigators need to ensure that the study population is representative of the target population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"54-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10939835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92157023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John L Havlik, Taeho Greg Rhee, Robert A Rosenheck
{"title":"Characterization of quality of life among individuals with current treated, untreated, and past alcohol use disorder.","authors":"John L Havlik, Taeho Greg Rhee, Robert A Rosenheck","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2245125","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2245125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Understanding health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among those who seek treatment for their alcohol use disorder (AUD) and those not seeking AUD treatment is critical to decreasing morbidity and mortality, yet HRQOL in these groups has been little characterized.<i>Objectives:</i> Characterize HRQOL among those who meet diagnostic criteria for AUD, both receiving and not receiving treatment.<i>Methods:</i> This analysis used the NESARC-III database (<i>n</i> = 36,309; female = 56.3%), a nationally representative survey of US adults, to compare four groups: those treated for current AUD; those untreated for current AUD; those with past AUD only; and those who never met criteria for AUD. Multiple regression analysis was used to account for differences in sociodemographic and other behavioral factors across these groups. HRQOL was operationalized using annual quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).<i>Results:</i> Patients treated for past-year AUD had a deficit of 0.07 QALYs/year compared to those who never met criteria for AUD (<i>P</i> < .001). They retained a still clinically meaningful 0.03 QALYs/year deficit after controlling for concomitant psychiatric disorders and other behavioral health factors (<i>P</i> < .001). Those with past-year untreated AUD or past AUD had a near-zero difference in QALYs compared with those who never met criteria for AUD.<i>Conclusion:</i> These findings suggest that previously-reported differences in HRQOL associated with AUD may be due to the problems of the relatively small sub-group who seek treatment. Clinicians seeking to treat those with currently untreated AUD may do better to focus on the latent potential health effects of AUD instead of current HRQOL concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"787-798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41162027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}