American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse最新文献

{"title":"Cocaine self-administration behavior is associated with subcortical and cortical morphometry measures in individuals with cocaine use disorder.","authors":"Robert J Kohler, Simon Zhornitsky, Marc N Potenza, Sarah W Yip, Patrick Worhunsky, Gustavo A Angarita","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2318585","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2318585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Individual differences in gray-matter morphometry in the limbic system and frontal cortex have been linked to clinical features of cocaine use disorder (CUD). Self-administration paradigms can provide more direct measurements of the relationship between the regulation of cocaine use and gray-matter morphometry when compared to self-report assessments.<i>Objectives:</i> Our goal was to investigate associations with self-administration behavior in subcortical and cortical brain regions. We hypothesized the number of cocaine infusions self-administered would be correlated with gray-matter volumes (GMVs) in the striatum, amygdala, and hippocampus. Due to scarcity in human studies, we did not hypothesize subcortical directionality. In the frontal cortex, we hypothesized thickness would be negatively correlated with self-administered cocaine.<i>Methods:</i> We conducted an analysis of cocaine self-administration and structural MRI data from 33 (n_Females = 10) individuals with moderate-to-severe CUD. Self-administration lasted 60-minutes and cocaine (8, 16, or 32 mg/70 kg) was delivered on an FR1 schedule (5-minute lockout). Subcortical and cortical regression analyses were performed that included combined bilateral regions and age, experimental variables and use history as confounders.<i>Results:</i> Self-administered cocaine infusions were positively associated with caudal GMV (b = 0.18, <i>p</i> = 0.030) and negatively with putamenal GMV (b = -0.10, <i>p</i> = 0.041). In the cortical model, infusions were positively associated with insular thickness (b = 0.39, <i>p</i> = 0.008) and women appeared to self-administer cocaine more frequently (b = 0.23, <i>p</i> = 0.019).<i>Conclusions:</i> Brain morphometry features in the striatum and insula may contribute to cocaine consumption in CUD. These differences in morphometry may reflect consequences of prolonged use, predisposed vulnerability, or other possibilities.Clinical Trial Numbers: NCT01978431; NCT03471182.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"345-356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11305926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140319566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol withdrawal and amphetamine co-use in an animal model for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.","authors":"Pooja M Shah, Nicholas R Pillarella, Marta Telatin, Natalie C Negroni, Jessica N Baals, Grace L Haemmerle, Bruno T Pillari, Dennis E Rhoads","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2349885","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2349885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Non-medical use of amphetamine and other stimulants prescribed for treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is of special concern when combined with alcohol consumption. In a previous study, we modeled chronic ethanol-amphetamine co-use in adolescent Long-Evans (LE) rats and provided evidence that amphetamine attenuates alcohol withdrawal symptoms.<i>Objectives:</i> This project modeled co-use of amphetamine with alcohol in adolescents with ADHD-like symptoms by examining ethanol-amphetamine administration in adolescent Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR), an experimental model for the study of ADHD. Withdrawal symptoms were compared among SHR and two control rat strains, LE and Wistar Kyoto (WKY).<i>Methods:</i> At postnatal day 32, parallel groups of 12-24 male SHR, WKY and LE rats were administered a liquid diet containing ethanol (3.6%) and/or amphetamine (20 mg/L). Following administration periods up to 26 days, rats were withdrawn from their treatment and tested for overall severity of alcohol withdrawal symptoms, general locomotor activity, and anxiety-like behavior.<i>Results:</i> Overall withdrawal severity was lower for SHR than for LE (<i>p</i> < .001) or WKY (<i>p</i> = .027). Co-consumption of amphetamine decreased withdrawal severity for LE (<i>p</i> = .033) and WKY (<i>p</i> = .011) but not SHR (<i>p</i> = .600). Only WKY showed increased anxiety-like behavior during withdrawal (<i>p</i> = .031), but not after amphetamine co-administration (<i>p</i> = .832).<i>Conclusion:</i> Alcohol withdrawal severity may be attenuated when co-used with amphetamine. However, as a model for ADHD, SHR adolescents appeared resistant to developing significant signs of alcohol withdrawal following alcohol consumption. Whether alcohol withdrawal symptoms are attenuated or absent, potential consequences could include a decreased awareness of an emerging problem with alcohol use.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"334-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic meta-epidemiologic review on nonabstinence-inclusive interventions for substance use: inclusion of race/ethnicity and sex assigned at birth/gender.","authors":"Silvi C Goldstein, Noam G Newberger, Melissa R Schick, Jewelia J Ferguson, Susan E Collins, Angela M Haeny, Nicole H Weiss","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2308087","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2308087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Minoritized racial/ethnic and sex assigned at birth/gender groups experience disproportionate substance-related harm. Focusing on reducing substance-related harm without requiring abstinence is a promising approach.<i>Objectives:</i> The purpose of this meta-epidemiologic systematic review was to examine inclusion of racial/ethnic and sex assigned at birth/gender in published studies of nonabstinence-inclusive interventions for substance use.<i>Methods:</i> We systematically searched databases (PubMed and PsycINFO) on May 26, 2022 following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Articles were eligible for inclusion if they: 1) reported in English language, 2) had a primary goal of investigating a nonabstinence-inclusive intervention to address substance use, 3) used human subjects, and 4) only included adults aged 18 or older. Two coders screened initial articles and assessed eligibility criteria of full text articles. A third consensus rater reviewed all coding discrepancies. For the remaining full-length articles, an independent rater extracted information relevant to study goals<i>Results:</i> The search strategy yielded 5,759 records. 235 included articles remained. Only 73 articles (31.1%) fully reported on both racial/ethnic and sex assigned at birth/gender, and only seven articles (3.0%) reported subgroup analyses examining treatment efficacy across minoritized groups. Nine articles (3.8%) mentioned inclusion and diversity regarding both racial/ethnic and sex assigned at birth/gender in their discussion and four articles (1.7%) broadly mentioned a lack of diversity in their limitations<i>Conclusion:</i> Findings highlight that little is known about nonabstinence-inclusive interventions to address substance use for individuals from minoritized racial/ethnic and sex assigned at birth/gender groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"276-290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient experiences with outpatient opioid use disorder treatment before and during COVID-19: results from a survey of Medicaid members.","authors":"Sarah J Marks, Huyen Pham, Neil McCray, Jennifer Palazzolo, Ashley Harrell, Jason Lowe, Chethan Bachireddy, Lauren Guerra, Peter J Cunningham, Andrew J Barnes","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2328543","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2328543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Payers are increasingly interested in quality improvement for opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment, including incorporating patient experiences. Medicaid is the largest payer for OUD treatment, yet we know little about the treatment benefits Medicaid members report, how these vary across members, or changed with the COVID-19 pandemic.<i>Objective:</i> To examine Medicaid members' report of outpatient treatment benefits, employment, and housing outcomes before and during the pandemic.<i>Methods:</i> A representative sample of 1,032 Virginia Medicaid members (52% women) receiving OUD treatment completed a survey of treatment benefits, health status and social needs. A reported treatment benefit index was created based on seven self-reported items. Multivariable linear regression models, pooled and stratified by time (pre-COVID-19/COVID-19), assessed member characteristics associated with reported treatment benefit, employment and housing outcomes.<i>Results:</i> Members reported strong treatment benefit (mean: 21.8 [SD: 5.9] out of 28 points) and improvements in employment (2.4 [1.3] out of 5) and housing (2.8 [1.2] out of 5). After adjustment, mental distress (regression coefficient: -3.00 [95% CI:-3.97;-2.03]), polysubstance use (-1.25 [-1.99;-0.51]), and food insecurity (-1.00 [-1.71;-0.29]), were associated with decreased benefits from treatment. During COVID-19, justice-involved individuals reported decreased benefits (-2.17 [-3.54; -0.80]) compared to before the pandemic (-0.09 [-1.4-;1.24] <i>p</i> < .05).<i>Conclusions:</i> Medicaid members receiving outpatient OUD treatment reported positive treatment benefits, and housing and employment outcomes. However, those with comorbid health and social conditions often benefited the least. As payers move toward quality improvement and value-based purchasing initiatives, collecting and integrating patient reported outcomes into quality metrics is critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"357-370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140958868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Missouri's Overdose Field Report: descriptive analysis, survival trends, and naloxone dosing patterns from a community-based survey tool, 2018-2022.","authors":"Zach Budesa, Kyle Vance, Ryan Smith, Ryan Carpenter, Devin Banks, Lauren Green, Brandon D L Marshall, Bruce R Schackman, Xiao Zang, Rachel Winograd","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2358046","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2358046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Missouri's Overdose Field Report (ODFR) is a community-based reporting system which intends to capture overdoses which may not be otherwise recorded.<i>Objectives:</i> Describe the factors related to non-fatal overdoses reported to Missouri's ODFR.<i>Methods:</i> This study used a descriptive epidemiological approach to examine the demographics and circumstances of overdoses reported to the ODFR. We used binary logistic regression to evaluate factors associated with survival and ordinal logistic regression to evaluate factors associated with number of doses used. Factors were chosen based on their relevance to overdose education and survival, and naloxone distribution.<i>Results:</i> Between 2018 and 2022, 12,225 overdoses (67% male; 78% White) were reported through the ODFR, with a 96% (n = 11,225) survival rate. Overdose survival (ps < .02) was associated with younger age (OR = .58), no opioid and stimulant co-involvement (OR = .61), and private location (OR = .48). Intramuscular naloxone in particular was associated with a significantly higher odds of survival compared to nasal naloxone (OR = 2.11). An average of 1.6 doses of naloxone per incident were administered. Additional doses were associated (ps < .02) with being older (OR = .45), female (OR = .90), nasal naloxone (versus intravenous) (OR = .65), and the belief fentanyl was present (OR = 1.49).<i>Conclusion:</i> Our reporting form provides a comprehensive picture of the events surrounding reported overdoses, including factors associated with survival, how much naloxone was used, and the effects of respondents believing fentanyl was involved. Missouri's report can provide support for current naloxone dosing, contextualize refusing post-overdose transport, and can be used to improve overdose response by community and first responders.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"413-425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11305909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141452013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethanol causes non-communicable disease through activation of NLRP3 inflammasome: a review on mechanism of action and potential interventions.","authors":"Ruizi Liu, Bin Zhao, Jie Zhao, Meng Zhang","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2297349","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2297349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Ethanol exposure has been suggested to be implicated in the initiation and progression of several non-communicable diseases (NCD), including neurological disorders, diabetes mellitus, alcoholic liver disease, gastric injury, pancreatitis, and atherosclerosis. Recent findings show that the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in the progression of ethanol-induced NCDs.<i>Objective:</i> The aim of this review was to summarize the research progress on NCDs associated with the action of the NLRP3 inflammasome by ethanol and potential interventions, with a specific focus on preclinical literature.<i>Methods:</i> A literature search was conducted on PubMed using the keywords \"[ethanol] and [NLRP3]\" up until January 2023. Articles describing cases of NCDs caused by ethanol and associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome were included.<i>Results:</i> After removing duplicates, 35 articles were included in this review. These studies, mostly conducted in animals or in vitro, provide evidence that ethanol can contribute to the development of NCDs, such as neurological disorders, alcoholic liver disease, gastric injury, pancreatitis, and atherosclerosis, by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Ethanol exposure primarily triggers NLRP3 inflammasome activation by influencing the TRL/NF-κB, ROS-TXNIP-NLRP3 and P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) signaling pathways. Several natural extracts and compounds have been found to alleviate NCDs caused by ethanol consumption by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.<i>Conclusion:</i> Preclinical research supports a role for ethanol-induced NLRP3 inflammasome in the development of NCDs. However, the clinical relevance remains uncertain in the relative absence of clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"139-149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139490936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiencing violence and other predictors of within-person same-day use of multiple substances in youth: a longitudinal study in emergency settings.","authors":"Vivian H Lyons, Matthew G Myers, Rebecca M Cunningham, Marc A Zimmerman, Patrick M Carter, Maureen A Walton, Jason Goldstick","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2307546","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2307546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Although experiencing violence is a risk factor for substance use among youth, its association with same-day use of multiple substances (a form of polysubstance use) and mitigating factors is less well understood.<i>Objectives:</i> To identify whether prosocial factors modified the effect of experiencing violence on the frequency of same-day use, and examine gender-specific risk/protective factors for same-day use.<i>Methods:</i> We analyzed longitudinal data from a cohort of youth who use drugs aged 14-24 (<i>n</i> = 599; 58% male) presenting to an urban emergency department between 2009-2011 and assessed biannually for two years. Using Poisson-generalized linear models with person-level fixed effects, we estimated within-person associations between self-reported experiencing violence and same-day use and analyzed gender and peer/parent support as effect modifiers. We adjusted for negative peer influence, parental drug and alcohol use, family conflict, anxiety and depression, and age.<i>Results:</i> Overall, positive parental support corresponded to lower rates of same-day use (rate ratio [RR]:0.93, 95% CI:0.87-0.99) and experiencing violence was associated with higher rates of same-day use (RR:1.25, 95% CI:1.10-1.41). Violence exposure was a risk factor among males (RR:1.42, 95% CI:1.21-1.66), while negative peer influences and parental substance use were risk factors among females (RR:1.63, 95% CI:1.36-1.97 and RR:1.58, 95% CI:1.35-1.83, respectively). Positive peer support reduced the association between violence exposure and same-day use among males (RR:0.69, 95% CI:0.57-0.84, <i>p</i> < .05).<i>Conclusions:</i> Tailored interventions may address gender differences in coping with experiencing violence - including interventions that promote parental support among males and reduce influence from parental substance use among females.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"218-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Willingness to provide a hair sample for drug testing: results from an anonymous multi-city intercept survey.","authors":"Nae Y Won, Brittney Jabot, Anna Wang, Joseph J Palamar, Linda B Cottler","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2309654","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2309654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Hair provision for drug testing can provide secondary measurement to complement self-reported drug use data, thereby providing a more accurate representation of an individual's drug use. Understanding factors associated with hair provision offers valuable insights into recruitment methods.<i>Objective:</i> To identify demographic and drug-related correlates of providing hair samples in a multi-site venue-intercept study.<i>Methods:</i> We utilized venue-intercept sampling for our Rapid Street Reporting study across 12 US cities between January and November 2022. Participants reported past 12-month drug use and were asked if they would provide a hair sample. We conducted multivariable (generalized linear model with logit link) analyses on demographics and drug use characteristics correlated to hair provision for drug testing.<i>Results:</i> Among 3,045 participants, 55.8% were male, 13.6% provided hair samples. Compared to males, those identifying as \"other gender\" had higher odds of hair collection (adjusted odds ratio = 2.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.28-3.80). Participants identifying as Black (aOR = 0.32, CI: 0.23-0.45) or \"other race\" (aOR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.29-0.80) had lower odds of providing hair than those identifying as White. All levels of reported drug use - one drug (aOR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.15-1.96), two-three drugs (aOR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.11-2.05), four or more (aOR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.50-3.01) - had higher odds of providing hair samples than those reporting no drug use. Similar associations applied to reporting cannabis use with or without another drug (aOR = 1.52-1.81, 95% CI: 1.15-2.38).<i>Conclusion:</i> Differential hair provision based on participant sex, race/ethnicity, and drug use may introduce biases in drug testing, limiting generalizability to individuals from minority backgrounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"261-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11052666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140319567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting the Nlrp3 inflammasome as potential treatment for ethanol-induced non-communicable diseases.","authors":"Paul D Drew","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2332951","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2332951","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"125-127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of an online SBIRT training program.","authors":"Joseph G Pickard, Carissa van den Berk-Clark, Sharon D Johnson, Miriam Taylor","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2286582","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2023.2286582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> While human ecosystem disruptions have happened in the past, the COVID-19 pandemic is the first situation to warrant such a large, world-wide transition to online education. The pandemic has increased the need for intervention with people in varying stages of substance use disorders.<i>Objectives:</i> In response to the need for more evidence-based, online educational and training options to address this need, this study used pre-posttest evaluations to determine the efficacy of an online training for a specific evidence-based intervention, Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Services (SBIRT).<i>Methods:</i> Social Work students from two universities completed a 4-hour, online training in SBIRT which included a pre/posttest, demographic variables, a satisfaction scale, and a measure of self-efficacy. Mixed Effects Linear regression was used to model the repeated measures of SBIRT knowledge and efficacy, while a linear regression model was used to measure the relationship between satisfaction and participant characteristics.<i>Results:</i> Participants were mostly female (85.9%), mostly White/Caucasian (72.9%), and most already had a bachelor's degree (50%) or higher (9.6%). Individuals who were White, non-Hispanic/Latinx, or had master's level or doctoral level mental health training were more likely to have higher SBIRT scores. Those with the highest levels of self-efficacy had the lowest change scores on the knowledge test. Overall, there was an almost threefold increase in SBIRT knowledge posttraining, indicating the viability of this training format, which is similar to findings from studies of in-person trainings of SBIRT which also found increases in SBIRT knowledge.<i>Conclusion:</i> Recommendations based on the results are provided to encourage improved student outcomes from this type of e-learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"173-180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}