AoB Plants最新文献

{"title":"Soil Seed Bank Dynamics of Two Invasive Alien Plants in Nigeria: Implications for Ecosystem Restoration","authors":"Gbenga F Akomolafe, Rusly Rosazlina, Bernard Omomoh","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plae003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plae003","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of seed banks could provide useful hints towards ensuring restoration planning and invasive species management. In this study, the impacts of two invaders, Hyptis suaveolens and Urena lobata on the soil seed banks were investigated. We also assessed the seed characteristics of the invaders at the invaded sites. This was achieved using 10 sites each for H. suaveolens, U. lobata invaded habitats and non-invaded habitats making a total of 30 sites. We collected 200 soil samples in each habitat type. A seedling emergence method was used to determine the seed bank recruitment of both invasive plants. The diversity indices of the above-ground vegetation of sites invaded by the two plants were significantly lower than those of the non-invaded sites. Only two plant species emerged from the seed banks of H. suaveolens and five plants from those of U. lobata as compared with non-invaded sites where 53 species emerged. A larger portion of the seeds was located in the soil's lower layer at all the sites invaded by H. suaveolens while those of U. lobata and non-invaded sites were found in the upper layers and there are significant associations between the habitats . The lower soil layers of the two species have the highest percentage of viable seeds. These results help to understand more about the invasiveness of both species as related to their impacts on the seed banks and native vegetation. It also indicates that the native species that emerged from the invaded seed banks could be used for the restoration of the invaded habitats.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139507390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flowering phenology differs among wet and dry sub-alpine meadows in southwestern China","authors":"Shristhi Nepal, Judith Trunschke, Zong-Xin Ren, Kevin S Burgess, Hong Wang","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plae002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plae002","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of floral traits, floral rewards and plant water availability on plant-pollinator interactions are well-documented; however, empirical evidence of their impact on flowering phenology in high-elevation meadows remains scarce. In this study, we assessed three levels of flowering phenology, i.e., population-, individual- and flower-level (floral longevity), in two nearby but contrasting (wet versus dry) sub-alpine meadows on Yulong Snow Mountain, southwestern China. We also measured a series of floral traits (pollen number, ovule number, and the ratio of pollen to ovule number per flower, i.e., pollen:ovule ratio [P/O]) and floral rewards (nectar availability and pollen presentation) as plausible additional sources of variation for each phenological level. Floral longevity in the wet meadow was significantly longer than that for the dry meadow, whereas population and individual flowering duration were significantly shorter. Our results showed a significant positive relationship between flowering phenology with pollen number and P/O per flower; there was no relationship with ovule number per flower. Further, we found a significant effect of flowering phenology on nectar availability and pollen presentation. Our findings suggest that shorter floral longevity in dry habitats compared to wet might be due to water-dependent maintenance costs of flowers, where the population- and individual-level flowering phenology may be less affected by habitats. Our study shows how different levels of flowering phenology underscore the plausible effects of contrasting habitats on reproductive success.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"40 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139507387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near extinct Argyreia versicolor and rare Argyreia mekongensis are dependent on carpenter bee pollinators","authors":"Awapa Jirabanjongjit, Paweena Traiperm, Chakkrapong Rattanamanee, Alyssa B Stewart","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plae001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plae001","url":null,"abstract":"Argyreia versicolor (Kerr) Staples & Traiperm and A. mekongensis Gagnep. & Courchet are extremely rare plant species. The former had not been seen for nearly 100 years, until two individuals were found in Thailand in 2018, and only a handful of populations are known for the latter. The aims of this study were to examine the breeding systems of A. versicolor and A. mekongensis using pollination experiments and to determine their potential pollinators via floral observations. Our controlled pollination experiments uncovered the self-incompatibility of both species. Pollinator censuses indicated that females of two carpenter bee species, Xylocopa aestuans and X. latipes, were the predominant floral visitors for both Argyreia species. Our observations confirmed a harmonious match between the floral shape of both Argyreia species and the body sizes of these pollinators, ensuring effective pollen transfer and validating their role as putative pollinators. In line with the high frequency of pollinator visits observed, our controlled pollination experiments found no evidence of pollen limitation under field conditions. The findings of this study hold significance for the conservation of these endangered species, yet the situation is dire for A. versicolor, with one of the two individuals under study recently lost. Hence, it is crucial to intensify monitoring efforts for the species, aiming to identify additional individuals for potential inclusion in an ex-situ conservation program. Simultaneously, safeguarding the habitat of these plant species and their pollinators will be critical.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139500023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The links between wood traits and species demography change during tree development in a lowland tropical rainforest","authors":"Andrés González-Melo, Juan Manuel Posada, Jacques Beauchêne, Romain Lehnebach, Sébastian Levionnois, Géraldine Derroire, Bruno Clair","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad090","url":null,"abstract":"One foundational assumption of trait-based ecology is that traits can predict species demography. However, the links between traits and demographic rates are, in general, not as strong as expected. These weak associations may be due to the use of traits that are distantly related to performance, and/or the lack of consideration of size-related variations in both traits and demographic rates. Here, we examined how wood traits were related to demographic rates in 19 tree species from a lowland forest in eastern Amazonia. We measured eleven wood traits (i.e., structural, anatomical and chemical traits) in sapling, juvenile and adult wood; and related them to growth and mortality rates at different ontogenetic stages. The links between wood traits and demographic rates changed during tree development. At the sapling stage, relative growth rates (RGR) were negatively related to wood specific gravity (WSG) and total parenchyma fractions, while mortality rates (MR) decreased with radial parenchyma fractions, but increased with vessel lumen area (VA). Juvenile RGR were unrelated to wood traits, whereas juvenile MR were negatively related to WSG and axial parenchyma fractions. At the adult stage, RGR scaled with VA and wood potassium concentrations. Adult MR were not predicted by any trait. Overall, the strength of the trait-demography associations decreased at later ontogenetic stages. Our results indicate that the associations between traits and demographic rates can change as trees age. Also, wood chemical or anatomical traits may be better predictors of growth and mortality rates than WSG. Our findings are important to expand our knowledge on tree life-history variations and community dynamics in tropical forests, by broadening our understanding on the links between wood traits and demography during tree development.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptional survey of abiotic stress response in maize (Zea mays L.) in the level of gene co-expression network and differential gene correlation analysis","authors":"Leyla Nazari, Z. Zinati","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad087","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Maize may be exposed to several abiotic stresses in the field. Therefore, identifying the tolerance mechanisms of naturally field stress is mandatory. Gene expression data of maize upon abiotic stress were collected, and 560 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through meta-analysis. The most significant gene ontology terms in up-regulated genes were “response to abiotic stress” and “chitinase activity”. “Phosphorelay signal transduction system” was the most significant enriched biological process in down-regulated DEGs. The co-expression analysis unveiled seven modules of DEGs, with a notable positive correlation between the modules and abiotic stress. Furthermore, the statistical significance was strikingly high for the turquoise, green, and yellow modules. The turquoise group played a central role in orchestrating crucial adaptations in metabolic and stress response pathways in maize when exposed to abiotic stress. Within three up-regulated modules, Zm.7361.1.A1_at, Zm.10386.1.A1_a_at, and Zm.10151.1.A1_at emerged as hub genes. These genes might introduce novel candidates implicated in stress tolerance mechanisms, warranting further comprehensive investigation and research. In parallel, the R package glmnet was applied to fit a logistic LASSO regression model on the DEGs profile to select candidate genes associated with abiotic responses in maize. The identified hub genes and LASSO regression genes were validated on an independent microarray dataset. Additionally, Differential Gene Correlation Analysis (DGCA) was performed on LASSO and hub genes to investigate the gene-gene regulatory relationship. The p-value of DGCA of 16 pairwise gene comparisons was lower than 0.01, indicating a gene-gene significant change in correlation between control and abiotic stress. Integrated WGCNA and logistic LASSO analysis revealed Zm.11185.1.S1_at, Zm.2331.1.S1_x_at, and Zm.17003.1.S1_at. Notably, these three genes were identified in the 16 gene-pair comparisons. This finding highlights the notable significance of these genes in the abiotic stress response. Additional research into maize stress tolerance may focus on these three genes.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"10 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138943877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and morphological evidence of hybridization between two dimorphic sympatric species of Fuchsia (Onagraceae)","authors":"Cinthya Indira Cervantes-Díaz, Violeta Patiño-Conde, Antonio González-Rodríguez, Mauricio Quesada-Avendaño, Eduardo Cuevas","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad089","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Hybridization is commonly reported in angiosperms, generally based on morphology, and in few cases confirmed by molecular markers. Fuchsia has a long tradition on ornamental cultivars with different hybrids produced by artificial crosses, so natural hybridization between sympatric Fuchsia species could be common.\u0000 Natural hybridization between F. microphylla and F. thymifolia was tested using six newly developed microsatellites for F. microphylla in addition to other molecular markers with codominant and maternal inheritance. Geometric morphometrics of leaves and floral structures were also used to identify putative hybrids.\u0000 Hybrids showed a different degree of genetic admixture between both parental species. Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences indicated that hybridization occurs in both directions, in fact, some of the hybrids showed new haplotypes for cpDNA and ITS (Internal Transcriber Spacer of nuclear ribosomal RNA genes) sequences. The morphology of hybrid individuals varied between the two parental species, but they could be better identified by their leaves and floral tube.\u0000 Our study is the first to confirm the hybridization in natural populations of Fuchsia species and suggests that hybridization has probably occurred repeatedly throughout the entire distribution of the species. Phylogeographic analysis of both species will be essential to understand the impact of hybridization throughout their complete distribution.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“United we stand, divided we fall”: Intertwining as evidence of joint actions in pea plants","authors":"Bianca Bonato, Qiuran Wang, Silvia Guerra, Valentina Simonetti, Maria Bulgheroni, Silvia Quaggiotti, Benedetto Ruperti, Umberto Castiello","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad088","url":null,"abstract":"In life, it is common for almost every kind of organism to interact with one another. In the human realm, such interactions are at the basis of joint actions, when two or more agents syntonise their actions to achieve a common goal. Shared intentionality is the theoretical construct referring to the suite of abilities that enable such coordinated and collaborative interactions. Shared intentionality is the theoretical construct referring to the suite of abilities that enable such coordinated and collaborative interactions. While shared intentionality has become an important concept in research on social cognition, there is controversy surrounding its evolutionary origins. An aspect still unexplored but promising to bring new insights into this open debate is the study of aneural organisms. To fill this gap, here we investigate whether climbing plants can act jointly to achieve a common goal, i.e., reaching the light. We examined Pisum Sativum plants growing intertwined when there is a need to climb but a potential support is not present in the environment. Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of their movement revealed a coordinated and complementary behaviour. They tend to coordinate their movement in time and space to achieve a joint climbing. By deliberately extending the context in which a joint action takes place, we pay tribute to the complex nature of this social phenomenon. The next challenge for the field of joint action is to generate a perspective that links coordination mechanisms to an evolutionary framework across taxa.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138823946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining tolerant tomato genotypes to salt stress according to physiological and morphological manner","authors":"Peyman Eynizadeh, Seid Zabihallah Ravari, Mohammad Moradi, Ali Dehghani, Hamid Dehghani","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad037","url":null,"abstract":"The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an annual vegetable cultivated all over the world. It faces biotic and abiotic stresses, such as salinity, in arid and semiarid regions. Investigating the relationship between physiological and economic traits, such as fruit yield, under stress conditions is necessary to identify tolerant genotypes. This study was conducted to identify tolerant tomato families according to the relationship between several important physiological, morphological and phenological traits. Twenty S3 families were cultivated in a factorial experiment (factor1: families and factor2: normal conditions and salinity stress) based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2019. Twenty physiological, agronomic and fruit-quality-related traits were investigated. Analysis of variance was used to prove the existing effective genetic diversity. Genetic diversity and the relationships between traits were graphically shown using heatmap clustering. Finally, genetic parameters, such as Pearson’s correlation, trait stability index and heritability were used to calculate the mathematical value of families using the Modified Analytical Hierarchy Process. Families exhibited different behaviours under normal and stress conditions. The tolerant families responded physiologically to the salt stress. Therefore, they reduced both cell membrane degradation and photosynthesis disruption by increasing proline, lycopene, carotenoid and sugar content. Therefore, fewer reductions in morphological traits were observed in these families. The most important traits based on the selection strategy were lycopene content, K+/Na+ ratio, days to flowering and biological yield. In addition, three families, H4/T/30/1, H1/T/12/5 and H1/T/47/4, were selected as the most suitable alternatives to construct the breeding population of the next generation.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138575289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the genetic variability of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) in the face of combined stress: water and heat","authors":"Latifa Chaouachi, Miriam Marín-Sanz, Francisco Barro, Chahine Karmous","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad085","url":null,"abstract":"The devastating effects and extent of abiotic stress on cereal production continue to increase globally, affecting food security in several countries including Tunisia. Heat waves and the scarcity of rainfall strongly affect durum wheat yields. The present study aims to screen for tolerance to combined water and heat stresses in durum wheat at the juvenile stage. Three combined treatments were tested, namely: T0 (100% field capacity (FC) at 24°C), T1 (50% FC at 30°C), and T2 (25% FC at 35°C). The screening was carried out based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical criteria. The results showed that the combined stress significantly affects all the measured parameters. The relative water content (RWC) decreased by 37.6% under T1 compared to T0. Quantum yield (Fv/m) and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/0) decreased under severe combined stress (T2) by 37.15% and 37.22%, respectively. Under T2 stress, leaf temperature increased by 63.7%. A significant increase in osmo-protective solutes was also observed, including proline, which increased by 154.6% under T2. Correlation analyses of the combination of water and heat stress confirm that the traits RWC, chlorophyll b content (Chlb), Fv/m, proline content (PC), Fv/0, and leaf temperature (LT), can be used as reliable screening criteria for the two stresses combined. The principal component analysis highlighted that Aouija tolerates the two levels of stresses studied, while the genotypes Karim and Hmira are the most sensitive. The results show that the tolerance of durum wheat to combined water and heat stress involves several adaptation mechanisms proportional to the stress intensity.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138561511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The <i>SmERF1b-like</i> regulates tanshinone biosynthesis in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> hairy root.","authors":"Dan Li, Yu Liu, Guoliang Chen, Yan Yan, Zhenqing Bai","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad086","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aobpla/plad086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ethylene response factor family genes are involved in the regulation of secondary metabolism in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i>, but the mechanism underlying this regulation remains elusive. In the present study, based on the cDNA library of <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i>, an <i>AP2/ERF</i> gene was cloned and named <i>SmERF1b-like</i>. This gene exhibited a significant response to exogenous ethylene supply, such that ethylene remarkably upregulated <i>SmERF1b-like</i> expression levels in the leaves of <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i>. Subcellular localization showed that <i>SmERF1b-like</i> is located in the nucleus. Furthermore, <i>SmERF1b-like</i> showed a binding affinity with a GCC-box motif in the promoter region of genes associated with tanshinone biosynthesis in <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i>. Overexpression of <i>SmERF1b-like</i> in hairy roots of <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i> substantially upregulated <i>SmCPS1</i> and <i>SmKSL1</i> expression levels, resulting in increased biosynthesis of tanshinone I and cryptotanshinone contents. This finding provides valuable theoretical support for the utilization of a plant genetic engineering strategy to enhance <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i> resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"16 1","pages":"plad086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10799320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139514497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}