AoB Plants最新文献

{"title":"Indigenous Australian grass seeds as grains: Macrostructure, microstructure and histochemistry","authors":"Farkhondeh Abedi, Claudia Keitel, Ali Khoddami, Salla Marttila, Angela L Pattison, Thomas H Roberts","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad071","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Utilisation of grains of local grasses by Australia’s First Nations people for food and connection to Country has largely been lost due to colonisation. Native Australian grain production has the potential to deliver environmental, economic, nutritional and cultural benefits to First Nations people and the wider community. Revitalisation of the native grain food system can only be achieved if relevant properties of the grains are elucidated. This study aimed to characterise the grain structure and histochemistry of four Australian native grasses: Dactyloctenium radulans (Button Grass), Astrebla lappacea (Curly Mitchell Grass), Panicum decompositum (Native Millet) and Microlaena stipoides (Weeping Grass). For these species, as well as wheat and sorghum, whole-grain images were obtained via stereo microscopy, starch and the embryo were visualised, and sections of fixed grains were imaged via bright-field and fluorescence microscopy. The shape, size and colour of the whole native grains varied between the species. The aleurone layer was one-cell thick in the native species, as in the domesticated grains, except for Weeping Grass, which had a two-cell-thick aleurone. In the native grains, endosperm cell walls appeared thinner than in wheat and sorghum. Starch granules in Button Grass, Curly Mitchell Grass and Native Millet were found mainly in the central region of the starchy endosperm, with very few granules in the sub-aleurone layer, whereas Weeping Grass had abundant starch in the sub-aleurone. Protein appeared most abundant in the aleurone and sub-aleurone layers of the native grains, although in Button Grass, the starchy endosperm was observed to be rich in protein, as in wheat and sorghum. As a proportion of the whole grain, the embryo was larger in the native species than in wheat. The differences found in the grain properties among the four native Australian species have important implications for the agri-food industry in a changing climate.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135510225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking canopy chlorophyll fluorescence with a low-cost light emitting diode platform.","authors":"Logan E G Brissette, Christopher Y S Wong, Devin P McHugh, Jessie Au, Erica L Orcutt, Marie C Klein, Troy S Magney","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad069","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aobpla/plad069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chlorophyll fluorescence measured at the leaf scale through pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) has provided valuable insight into photosynthesis. At the canopy- and satellite-scale, solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) provides a method to estimate the photosynthetic activity of plants across spatiotemporal scales. However, retrieving SIF signal remotely requires instruments with high spectral resolution, making it difficult and often expensive to measure canopy-level steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence under natural sunlight. Considering this, we built a novel low-cost photodiode system that retrieves far-red chlorophyll fluorescence emission induced by a blue light emitting diode (LED) light source, for 2 h at night, above the canopy. Our objective was to determine if an active remote sensing-based night-time photodiode method could track changes in canopy-scale LED-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (LEDIF) during an imposed drought on a broadleaf evergreen shrub, <i>Polygala myrtifolia</i>. Far-red LEDIF (720-740 nm) was retrieved using low-cost photodiodes (LEDIF_photodiode) and validated against measurements from a hyperspectral spectroradiometer (LEDIF_{hyperspectral}). To link the LEDIF signal with physiological drought response, we tracked stomatal conductance (<i>g</i>_sw) using a porometer, two leaf-level vegetation indices-photochemical reflectance index and normalized difference vegetation index-to represent xanthophyll and chlorophyll pigment dynamics, respectively, and a PAM fluorimeter to measure photochemical and non-photochemical dynamics. Our results demonstrate a similar performance between the photodiode and hyperspectral retrievals of LEDIF (<i>R</i>² = 0.77). Furthermore, LEDIF_photodiode closely tracked drought responses associated with a decrease in photochemical quenching (<i>R</i>² = 0.69), <i>F</i>_v/<i>F</i>_m (<i>R</i>² = 0.59) and leaf-level photochemical reflectance index (<i>R</i>² = 0.59). Therefore, the low-cost LEDIF_photodiode approach has the potential to be a meaningful indicator of photosynthetic activity at spatial scales greater than an individual leaf and over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 5","pages":"plad069"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10626922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of <i>Huntiella decorticans</i> and drought on <i>Nothofagus dombeyi</i> seedlings.","authors":"Pablo Masera,&nbsp;María Belén Pildain,&nbsp;Mariano Aquino,&nbsp;Andrés De Errasti,&nbsp;Guillermina Dalla Salda,&nbsp;Mario Rajchenberg,&nbsp;María Florencia Urretavizcaya","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the temperate forests of Patagonia, Argentina, <i>Nothofagus dombeyi</i>, commonly known as Coihue, has shown sensitivity to intense drought events, leading to mortality. Studies have been conducted on Coihue decline and mortality using a variety of approaches, including the role of extreme heat waves and drought, pests and pathogens, particularly the fungus <i>Huntiella decorticans</i>. This work aimed to evaluate survival, vitality, necrosis extension and growth response of inoculated and non-inoculated Coihue seedlings from different provenances exposed to different soil moisture levels. To achieve this goal, 96 Coihue seedlings from 2 different provenances were assigned to 8 different experimental treatments. Treatments were composed of the presence or absence of <i>H. decorticans</i> and different soil moisture content conditions, dry, wet and the exposure to dry condition at different times of the experiment. Both dry conditions and <i>H. decorticans</i> had negative effects on the survival and growth rate of Coihue. The combination of both factors resulted in 100 % mortality, regardless of the plants' geographical provenances. Mortality began to be observed 3 months after pathogen inoculation, during the warmest month. Necrosis extension produced by the pathogen was similar for most of the inoculated treatments. The treatment under wet condition during the experiment but subjected to dry condition in the previous growing season presented lower necrosis extension (8.4 ± 3.2 %), than the other treatments. The radial increase was also affected by the treatments and geographical provenance, being those plants exposed to dry conditions which grew less (0.19 ± 0.21 mm). This study enhances our understanding of the plant-pathogen interaction. According to our results, Coihue may become more susceptible to mortality, when <i>H. decorticans</i> and water deficit conditions act synergistically.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 5","pages":"plad068"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staminal hairs increase pollinator attraction and pollination accuracy in <i>Tradescantia fluminensis</i> (Commelinaceae).","authors":"Deng-Fei Li,&nbsp;Yi-Dan Chen,&nbsp;Zhen Liu,&nbsp;Ai-Ting Liang,&nbsp;Ju Tang,&nbsp;Xian-Chun Yan","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Staminal hairs are the particular appendages of stamens, which may affect pollinator foraging behaviour and pollen transfer. However, experimental evidence of the functions of staminal hairs in pollination remains scarce. Here, we conducted staminal hair manipulation experiments in <i>Tradescantia fluminensis</i> (Commelinaceae) to investigate their effects on visitation and pollen transfer by bees. Our observations revealed that both visitation rates and visit duration of honeybees (<i>Apis cerana</i>) to control flowers were significantly higher than that of hairless flowers. Moreover, removing the staminal hairs significantly decreased pollen deposition by honeybees (<i>A. cerana</i>), but did not affect pollen removal. The staminal hair was similar in length to the stamen and the pistil of <i>T. fluminensis</i>. The staminal hairs provide more footholds for honeybees, and they lay prone on the staminal hairs to collect pollen, which increased the accuracy of pollination through the consistent pollen placement and pick-up on the ventral surface of honeybees. These results showed that the staminal hairs in <i>T. fluminensis</i> may represent an adaptation to attract pollinators and enhance pollination accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 5","pages":"plad067"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of secretion in floral bracts of Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae), with emphasis on the secretory scales.","authors":"Igor Ballego-Campos,&nbsp;Rafaela C Forzza,&nbsp;Élder A S Paiva","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bromeliaceae display many water-use strategies, from leaf impounding tanks to Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis and absorbing trichomes. Recent studies show that trichomes in inflorescences of bromeliads can exude viscous secretions, protecting against various stresses, including excessive water loss. In light of this, and considering the knowledge gap regarding inflorescence trichomes in bromeliads, we aimed to investigate the presence, source and chemical nature of inflorescence secretions in species of the Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae) and to describe the anatomy of their floral bracts focusing on trichome structure and position. We conducted a prospection of secretory activity and anatomy in floral bracts in 52 species of Tillandsioideae and 1 early divergent Bromeliaceae species. We used histochemical tests to investigate the presence and nature of secretion combined with standard light microscopy methods. Secretion appears in all studied species of tribe Vrieseeae, in <i>Guzmania</i> species, <i>Wallisia cyanea</i>, <i>Tillandsia streptopylla</i> (Tillandsieae) and <i>Catopsis morreniana</i> (Catopsideae). It is absent in <i>Vriesea guttata</i> (Vrieseeae), <i>Racinaea crispa</i> and various <i>Tillandsia</i> species (Tillandsieae). Secretion is produced by peltate trichomes on the adaxial surface of young bracts and comprises hydrophilic and lipophilic substances. Bract anatomy revealed an internal mucilage-secreting tissue with wide distribution within the subtribe Vrieseinae. Our results point to a broad occurrence of secretion associated with bracteal scales in inflorescences of Tillandsioideae. Secretory function is strongly related to trichomes of the adaxial surface, whereas the indumentum of the abaxial side is lacking or likely associated with water absorption; the latter case is especially related to small, xeric plants. Exudates might engage in colleter-like roles, protecting against desiccation, high-radiation and herbivores. Directions for future research are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 5","pages":"plad066"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dark-centred umbels in Apiaceae: diversity, development and evolution.","authors":"Regine Claßen-Bockhoff,&nbsp;Ferhat Celep,&nbsp;Yousef Ajani,&nbsp;Lisa Frenken,&nbsp;Kerstin Reuther,&nbsp;Musa Doğan","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The wild carrot (<i>Daucus carota</i>) is famous for its dark flowers in the umbel centre. Several studies have been conducted to figure out their functional significance, but the evolution of the dark centre remains an enigma. In the present paper, we consider all known apioid species with dark-centred umbels to get a deeper understanding of their biology and evolution. Based on herbaria studies, literature and field work, we reconstructed the distribution area of 10 species (7 genera, 6 clades) of Apiaceae-Apioideae. To recognize homology of the dark structures, developmental studies were conducted in <i>Artedia squamata</i> and <i>Echiophora trichophylla</i> Field studies included architecture, flower morph distribution (andromonoecy) and flowering sequence within the plants, abundancy and behaviour of umbel visitors and preliminary manipulation experiments (removal/adding of dark structures). The dark structures are not homologous to each other. In the <i>Daucus</i> alliance, central flowers or umbellets are conspicuous, whereas in other species dark brush-like (<i>A. squamata</i>) or club-shaped structures (<i>Dicyclophora persica</i>, <i>Echinophora trichophylla</i>, <i>Tordylium aegyptiacum</i>, <i>T. cappadocicum</i>) develop from a naked receptacle. Species are andromonoecious, have a modular architecture and flower in multicyclic protandrous sequence. Among the many umbel visitors, beetles were the most abundant group. Only visitors found on umbels in both flowering phases were recognized as possible pollinators. Manipulation experiments indicated that the dark structures influence the behaviour of some, but not all umbel visitors. In <i>Echinophora trichophylla</i>, a massive gall infection was observed. It is evident that the dark structures evolved several times in parallel. The brush- and club-shaped structures are interpreted as the results of mutations affecting umbel development. Dark umbel centres are most likely stabilized by selection due to their general adaptive function. Their appearance in an area known as a hotspot of beetle pollination gives rise to the assumption that they may act as beetle marks.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 5","pages":"plad065"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10614004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal variation in the xylem sap composition of six Australian trees and shrubs.","authors":"Adriano Losso,&nbsp;Alice Gauthey,&nbsp;Brendan Choat,&nbsp;Stefan Mayr","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, xylem sap composition has been shown to affect xylem hydraulics. However, information on how much xylem sap composition can vary across seasons and specifically under drought stress is still limited. We measured xylem sap chemical composition ([Ca²⁺], [K⁺], [Na⁺], electrical conductivity EC and pH) and surface tension (<i>γ</i>) of six Australian angiosperm trees and shrubs over 1 year, which comprised of exceptional dry and wet periods. Percentage losses of hydraulic conductivity and predawn leaf water potential were also monitored. In all species, measured parameters changed considerably over the annual time course. Ions and pH tended to decrease during winter months whereas <i>γ</i> showed a slight increase. No clear correlation was found between sap and hydraulic parameters, except for pH that was higher when plants suffered higher drought stress levels. Results indicate xylem sap composition to be complex and dynamic, where most variation in its composition seems to be dictated by season, even under severe dry conditions. However, pH might play a role as signals of drought stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 5","pages":"plad064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild and cultivated comestible plant species in the Gulf of Mexico: phylogenetic patterns and convergence of type of use.","authors":"Milton H Díaz-Toribio,&nbsp;J Arturo de-Nova,&nbsp;Eva María Piedra-Malagón,&nbsp;Diego F Angulo,&nbsp;Victoria Sosa","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cross-cultural research on edible plants might include ecological and evolutionary perspectives to understand processes behind species selection and management. With a database of approximately 500 comestible plants of the Province of the Gulf of Mexico in Mesoamerica, phylogenetic analyses are conducted to identify convergence and phylogenetic signal of type of use and significant clustering in the resulting phylogenetic trees. Analyses considered type of management (wild/managed vs. cultivated), type of use (edible, condiment, for wrapping food) and organ utilized. Elevated phylogenetic diversity and signal are expected for wild comestible taxa, indicating that people are using lineages across the angiosperm tree for food, resulting in broadness in diet and use of their regional resources. Main results are: (i) condiment species were identified in groups with an elevated phylogenetic signal; (ii) hot nodes for lineages utilized for wrapping food were found in many monocot groups as well as in epiphytes of cloud forests with leathery leaves; (iii) edible taxa were identified with the highest significant clustering restricted to certain branches in the phylogeny; (iv) wild and cultivated edible plants belong to identical lineages with replacement of species, implying that same plant groups known for their comestible benefits are substituted by species distributed in the Province and (v) wild versus cultivated lineages for condiment are different. Most food species in the Province belong to four families, namely Fabaceae, Cactaceae, Solanaceae and Asparagaceae. Analyses discovered underutilized wild species in identical clades to managed/cultivated taxa that can be studied further to identify cultivation practices. Results suggest that people are utilizing different lineages in the angiosperm tree available locally, for particular uses, like condiment or for wrapping food. Evidence can be used to study further undervalued edible species closely related to the most common food taxa as well as for bioprospection of their nutritional content.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 5","pages":"plad063"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentially methylated genomic regions of lettuce seeds relate to divergence across morphologically distinct horticultural types.","authors":"Ivan Simko","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heritable cytosine methylation plays a role in shaping plant phenotypes; however, no information is available about DNA methylation in cultivated lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>), one of the most important leafy vegetables. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) performed on seeds of 95 accessions from eight morphologically distinct horticultural types (Batavia, butterhead, iceberg, Latin, leaf, oilseed, romaine and stem) revealed a high level of methylation in lettuce genome with an average methylation of 90.6 % in the CG context, 72.9 % in the CHG context and 7.5 % in the CHH context. Although WGBS did not show substantial differences in overall methylation levels across eight horticultural types, 350 differentially methylated regions (DMR) were identified. Majority of the 41 pivotal DMR overlapped with genomic features predicted or confirmed to be involved in plant growth and development. These results provide the first insight into lettuce DNA methylation and indicate a potential role for heritable variation in cytosine methylation in lettuce morphology. The results reveal that differences in methylation profiles of morphologically distinct horticultural types are already detectable in seeds. Identified DMR can be a focus of the future functional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 5","pages":"plad060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10482144/pdf/plad060.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10189112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Starch depletion in the xylem and phloem ray parenchyma of grapevine stems under drought.","authors":"Kyra A Prats,&nbsp;Ana C Fanton,&nbsp;Craig R Brodersen,&nbsp;Morgan E Furze","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aobpla/plad062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) storage can support long-lived woody plants during abiotic stress, the timing and extent of their use are less understood, as are the thresholds for cell mortality as NSCs and water supplies are consumed. Here, we combine physiological and imaging tools to study the response of <i>Vitis riparia</i> to a 6-week experimental drought. We focused on the spatial and temporal dynamics of starch consumption and cell viability in the xylem and phloem of the stem. Starch dynamics were further corroborated with enzymatic starch digestion and X-ray microcomputed tomography imaging. Starch depletion in the stems of droughted plants was detected after 2 weeks and continued over time. We observed distinct differences in starch content and cell viability in the xylem and phloem. By the end of the drought, nearly all the starch was consumed in the phloem ray parenchyma (98 % decrease), and there were almost no metabolically active cells in the phloem. In contrast, less starch was consumed in the xylem ray parenchyma (30 % decrease), and metabolically active cells remained in the ray and vessel-associated parenchyma in the xylem. Our data suggest that the higher proportion of living cells in the phloem and cambium, combined with smaller potential NSC storage area, rapidly depleted starch, which led to cell death. In contrast, the larger cross-sectional area of the xylem ray parenchyma with higher NSC storage and lower metabolically active cell populations depleted starch at a slower pace. Why NSC source-sink relationships between xylem and phloem do not allow for a more uniform depletion of starch in ray parenchyma over time is unclear. Our data help to pinpoint the proximate and ultimate causes of plant death during prolonged drought exposure and highlight the need to consider the influence of within-organ starch dynamics and cell mortality on abiotic stress response.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"1 1","pages":"plad062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42796110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}