AoB Plants最新文献

{"title":"Presence of microbiome decreases fitness and modifies phenotype in the aquatic plant <i>Lemna minor</i>.","authors":"Mark Davidson Jewell,&nbsp;Sofia J van Moorsel,&nbsp;Graham Bell","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants live in close association with microbial organisms that inhabit the environment in which they grow. Much recent work has aimed to characterize these plant-microbiome interactions, identifying those associations that increase growth. Although most work has focused on terrestrial plants, <i>Lemna minor</i>, a floating aquatic angiosperm, is increasingly used as a model in host-microbe interactions and many bacterial associations have been shown to play an important role in supporting plant fitness. However, the ubiquity and stability of these interactions as well as their dependence on specific abiotic environmental conditions remain unclear. Here, we assess the impact of a full <i>L. minor</i> microbiome on plant fitness and phenotype by assaying plants from eight natural sites, with and without their microbiomes, over a range of abiotic environmental conditions. We find that the microbiome systematically suppressed plant fitness, although the magnitude of this effect varied among plant genotypes and depended on the abiotic environment. Presence of the microbiome also resulted in phenotypic changes, with plants forming smaller colonies and producing smaller fronds and shorter roots. Differences in phenotype among plant genotypes were reduced when the microbiome was removed, as were genotype by environment interactions, suggesting that the microbiome plays a role in mediating the plant phenotypic response to the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 4","pages":"plad026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10327544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10168265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaf physiological and morphological constraints of water-use efficiency in C₃ plants.","authors":"Peter Petrík,&nbsp;Anja Petek-Petrik,&nbsp;Mohammad Mukarram,&nbsp;Bernhard Schuldt,&nbsp;Laurent J Lamarque","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing evaporative demand due to climate change will significantly affect the balance of carbon assimilation and water losses of plants worldwide. The development of crop varieties with improved water-use efficiency (WUE) will be critical for adapting agricultural strategies under predicted future climates. This review aims to summarize the most important leaf morpho-physiological constraints of WUE in C₃ plants and identify gaps in knowledge. From the carbon gain side of the WUE, the discussed parameters are mesophyll conductance, carboxylation efficiency and respiratory losses. The traits and parameters affecting the waterside of WUE balance discussed in this review are stomatal size and density, stomatal control and residual water losses (cuticular and bark conductance), nocturnal conductance and leaf hydraulic conductance. In addition, we discussed the impact of leaf anatomy and crown architecture on both the carbon gain and water loss components of WUE. There are multiple possible targets for future development in understanding sources of WUE variability in plants. We identified residual water losses and respiratory carbon losses as the greatest knowledge gaps of whole-plant WUE assessments. Moreover, the impact of trichomes, leaf hydraulic conductance and canopy structure on plants' WUE is still not well understood. The development of a multi-trait approach is urgently needed for a better understanding of WUE dynamics and optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 4","pages":"plad047"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10407996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10345261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Projecting Podocarpaceae response to climate change: we are not out of the woods yet.","authors":"Thando C Twala,&nbsp;Jolene T Fisher,&nbsp;Kelsey L Glennon","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Under the changing climate, the persistence of Afrotemperate taxa may be threatened as suitable habitat availability decreases. The unique disjunct ranges of podocarps in southern Africa raise questions about the persistence of these species under climate change. Here, we identified likely environmental drivers of these distributions, characterized the current and future (2070) environmental niches, and projected distributions of four podocarp species in South Africa. Species distribution models were conducted using species locality data for <i>Afrocarpus falcatus</i>, <i>Podocarpus latifolius</i>, <i>Pseudotropheus elongatus</i> and <i>Podocarpus henkelii</i> and both historical climate data (1970-2000) and future climate scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathway [RCP] 4.5 and 8.5, 2061-2080) to estimate the current and future distributions. We also used this opportunity to identify the most important climatic variables that likely govern each species' distribution. Using niche overlap estimates, a similarity test, and indices of niche expansion, stability and unfilling, we explored how niches change under different climate scenarios. The distribution of the study species was governed by the maximum temperature of the warmest month, temperature annual range, mean temperature of the wettest quarter, and precipitation of the wettest, driest and warmest quarters. The current distribution of <i>A. falcatus</i> was predicted to expand to higher elevations under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. <i>Podocarpus henkelii</i> was predicted to lose most of its suitable habitat under RCP 4.5 and expand under RCP 8.5; however, this was the opposite for <i>P. elongatus</i> and <i>P. latifolius</i>. Interestingly, <i>P. elongatus,</i> which had the smallest geographic distribution, showed the most vulnerability to climate change in comparison to the other podocarps. Mapping the distribution of podocarps and understanding the differences in their current and future climate niches provide insight into potential climate drivers of podocarp persistence and the potential for adaptation of these species. Overall, these results suggest that <i>P. elongatus</i> and <i>P. henkelii</i> may expand to novel environmental niches.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 4","pages":"plad034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10321399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10182389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant environmental memory: implications, mechanisms and opportunities for plant scientists and beyond.","authors":"Gabriela Auge,&nbsp;Valentin Hankofer,&nbsp;Martin Groth,&nbsp;Rea Antoniou-Kourounioti,&nbsp;Irja Ratikainen,&nbsp;Christian Lampei","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants are extremely plastic organisms. They continuously receive and integrate environmental information and adjust their growth and development to favour fitness and survival. When this integration of information affects subsequent life stages or the development of subsequent generations, it can be considered an environmental memory. Thus, plant memory is a relevant mechanism by which plants respond adaptively to different environments. If the cost of maintaining the response is offset by its benefits, it may influence evolutionary trajectories. As such, plant memory has a sophisticated underlying molecular mechanism with multiple components and layers. Nonetheless, when mathematical modelling is combined with knowledge of ecological, physiological, and developmental effects as well as molecular mechanisms as a tool for understanding plant memory, the combined potential becomes unfathomable for the management of plant communities in natural and agricultural ecosystems. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of plant memory, discuss the ecological requirements for its evolution, outline the multilayered molecular network and mechanisms required for accurate and fail-proof plant responses to variable environments, point out the direct involvement of the plant metabolism and discuss the tremendous potential of various types of models to further our understanding of the plant's environmental memory. Throughout, we emphasize the use of plant memory as a tool to unlock the secrets of the natural world.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 4","pages":"plad032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10321398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10182390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertile <i>Goeppertella</i> from the Jurassic of Patagonia: mosaic evolution in the Dipteridaceae-Matoniaceae lineage.","authors":"Agustina Yañez,&nbsp;Ignacio H Escapa,&nbsp;Thereis Y S Choo","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Goeppertella</i> has been postulated as a monophyletic group, whose precise position within the Gleichenoid families Dipteriaceae and Matoniaceae, remains poorly understood. Previously described <i>Goeppertella</i> specimens are based on frond fragments and its fertile morphology is represented by a few, poorly preserved specimens. We describe a new species based on the largest collection of fertile specimens known to date and discuss the evolutionary history of the genus based on the additional reproductive characters provided by the fossils described. Plant impressions were collected in Early Jurassic sediments of Patagonia, Argentina. The specimens were described, and silicone rubber casts were developed to examine in detail vegetative and reproductive features. The new species was compared with other <i>Goeppertella</i> species. Finally, a backbone analysis was performed in the context of a previously published combined matrix of Dipteridaceae, using the maximum parsimony criterion. The new species is described based on a combination of features that have not been previously reported. The vegetative morphology shows affinities with most fossil and extant Dipteriaceae, contrasting with the reproductive morphology which is more comparable with the scarce number of fossil dipteridaceous forms and it is more spread in the sister family, Matoniaceae. The backbone analysis indicates that the position of the new species vary among different positions among Dipteridaceae and Matoniaceae. Additional analyses, discriminating the signal of reproductive and vegetative character, are provided to discuss the base of this uncertainty. We consider <i>Goeppertella</i> as a member of the family Dipteridaceae since we interpret most shared features with Matoniaceae as plesiomorphic conditions for the family. In contrast, most shared features with Dipteridaceae represent apomorphies for the group. Thus, <i>Goeppertella</i> would represent an early diverging genus in Dipteridaceae, considering the venation characters as the most important in order to define the family.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 4","pages":"plad007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10324646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10187000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating multiple regulations on enzyme activity: the case of phospho<i>enol</i>pyruvate carboxykinases.","authors":"Bruno E Rojas,&nbsp;Alberto A Iglesias","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data on protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) increased exponentially in the last years due to the refinement of mass spectrometry techniques and the development of databases to store and share datasets. Nevertheless, these data per se do not create comprehensive biochemical knowledge. Complementary studies on protein biochemistry are necessary to fully understand the function of these PTMs at the molecular level and beyond, for example, designing rational metabolic engineering strategies to improve crops. Phospho<i>enol</i>pyruvate carboxykinases (PEPCKs) are critical enzymes for plant metabolism with diverse roles in plant development and growth. Multiple lines of evidence showed the complex regulation of PEPCKs, including PTMs. Herein, we present PEPCKs as an example of the integration of combined mechanisms modulating enzyme activity and metabolic pathways. PEPCK studies strongly advanced after the production of the recombinant enzyme and the establishment of standardized biochemical assays. Finally, we discuss emerging open questions for future research and the challenges in integrating all available data into functional biochemical models.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 4","pages":"plad053"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10441589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10048654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen viabilities and gene expression profiles across <i>Musa</i> genomes.","authors":"Yonlada Mingmanit,&nbsp;Thanita Boonsrangsom,&nbsp;Kawee Sujipuli,&nbsp;Kumrop Ratanasut,&nbsp;Phithak Inthima","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Banana (<i>Musa</i> spp.) is a major global economic fruit crop. However, cross-pollination from other <i>Musa</i> cultivars grown in nearby plantations results in seeded fruit that exceeds market demand. This study investigated pollen viability and germination and examined the expression profiles of pollen development-related genes across seven <i>Musa</i> genomes (AA, BB, AAA, BBB, AAB, ABB and ABBB). Twenty-three <i>Musa</i> cultivars were assessed for pollen viability using lacto-aceto-orcein and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining methods. Results revealed that pollen viability obtained from both methods was significantly different among all the studied cultivars. Cultivars carrying BB (diploid) genomes had higher viability percentages than AA (diploid), AAA, BBB, AAB and ABB (triploid) and ABBB (tetraploid) genomes. Germination of the studied cultivars was also investigated on pollen culture medium, with results showing significant differences between the pollen of each cultivar. The best germinating cultivar was TKM (11.0 %), carrying BB genome. Expression profiles of pollen development-related genes by RT-qPCR indicated that both <i>TPD1A</i> and <i>MYB80</i> genes were highly expressed in triploid <i>Musa</i> genomes but the <i>PTC1</i> gene showed down-regulated expression, resulting in non-viable pollen. Pollen viability, pollen germination and pollen development-related genes differed across <i>Musa</i> cultivars. This knowledge will be useful for the selection of male parents for <i>Musa</i> cross-breeding programs. Pollen viability should also be considered when planning <i>Musa</i> production to avoid seeded fruit.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 4","pages":"plad052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10411045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9976657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional strategy underlying plant specialization to gypsum soils.","authors":"Andreu Cera,&nbsp;Gabriel Montserrat-Martí,&nbsp;Sara Palacio","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gypsum soils are amongst the most widespread extreme substrates of the world, occurring in 112 countries. This type of hypercalcic substrate has a suite of extreme physical and chemical properties that make it stressful for plant establishment and growth. Extreme chemical properties include low plant-available nitrogen and phosphorus and high plant-available sulphur and calcium, which impose strong nutritional imbalances on plants. In spite of these edaphic barriers, gypsum soils harbour rich endemic floras that have evolved independently on five continents, with highly specialized species. Plants that only grow on gypsum are considered soil specialists, and they have a foliar elemental composition similar to the elemental availability of gypsum soils, with high calcium, sulphur and magnesium accumulation. However, the physiological and ecological role of the unique foliar elemental composition of gypsum specialists remains poorly understood, and it is unknown whether it provides an ecological advantage over other generalist species on gypsum soils. This article reviews available literature on the impact of gypsum soil features on plant life and the mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to gypsum environments. We conclude with a hypothesis on the potential role of the nutritional strategy underlying plant specialization to gypsum soils: Gypsum specialists primarily use SO₄^2- as a counter anion to tolerate high Ca²⁺ concentrations in cells and avoid phosphorus depletion, which is one of the most limiting nutrients in gypsum soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 4","pages":"plad041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10337853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10199044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contextualizing the ecology of plant-plant interactions and constructive networks.","authors":"Gianalberto Losapio","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aobpla/plad035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Botanical concepts have traditionally viewed the environment as a static box containing plants. In this box, plants compete with one another and act as passive resource consumers subjected to the environment in a top-down manner. This entails that plants have only negative effects on other plants and have no influence on the environment. By contrast, there is increasing evidence that plants have positive, bottom-up engineering effects and diversity effects on other plants and on the environment. Here, to overcome the limitations of top-down environmental control, antagonistic-only and pairwise interactions, I propose the concept of constructive networks. Constructive networks unify niche construction and network theory recognizing that (i) plants have manifold ecological functions and impacts on their neighbours, and (ii) the environment shapes and is shaped by diverse organisms, primarily plants. Constructive networks integrate both plant-environment and plant-plant interactions in a relational context. They address how plants influence the environment and support or inhibit other plant species by physically, biochemically and ecologically shaping environmental conditions. Constructive networks acknowledge the fact that diverse plants change and create novel environmental conditions and co-produce, share and transform resources, thereby influencing biological communities and the environment in constructive ways. Different interaction types are considered simultaneously in constructive networks. Yet, the main limitation to understanding constructive networks is the identification of plant links. This barrier may be overcome by applying complexity theory and statistical mechanics to comparative data and experimental field botany. Considering multiple interaction types and feedback between plants and the environment may improve our understanding of mechanisms responsible for biodiversity maintenance and help us to better anticipate the response of plant systems to global change.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 4","pages":"plad035"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10414809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10053857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant optics: underlying mechanisms in remotely sensed signals for phenotyping applications.","authors":"Christopher Y S Wong","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical-based remote sensing offers great potential for phenotyping vegetation traits and functions for a range of applications including vegetation monitoring and assessment. A key strength of optical-based approaches is the underlying mechanistic link to vegetation physiology, biochemistry, and structure that influences a spectral signal. By exploiting spectral variation driven by plant physiological response to environment, remotely sensed products can be used to estimate vegetation traits and functions. However, oftentimes these products are proxies based on covariance, which can lead to misinterpretation and decoupling under certain scenarios. This viewpoint will discuss (i) the optical properties of vegetation, (ii) applications of vegetation indices, solar-induced fluorescence, and machine-learning approaches, and (iii) how covariance can lead to good empirical proximation of plant traits and functions. Understanding and acknowledging the underlying mechanistic basis of plant optics must be considered as remotely sensed data availability and applications continue to grow. Doing so will enable appropriate application and consideration of limitations for the use of optical-based remote sensing for phenotyping applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"15 4","pages":"plad039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10407989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10345259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}