AoB Plants最新文献

{"title":"Molecular and morphological evidence of hybridization between two dimorphic sympatric species of Fuchsia (Onagraceae)","authors":"Cinthya Indira Cervantes-Díaz, Violeta Patiño-Conde, Antonio González-Rodríguez, Mauricio Quesada-Avendaño, Eduardo Cuevas","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad089","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Hybridization is commonly reported in angiosperms, generally based on morphology, and in few cases confirmed by molecular markers. Fuchsia has a long tradition on ornamental cultivars with different hybrids produced by artificial crosses, so natural hybridization between sympatric Fuchsia species could be common.\u0000 Natural hybridization between F. microphylla and F. thymifolia was tested using six newly developed microsatellites for F. microphylla in addition to other molecular markers with codominant and maternal inheritance. Geometric morphometrics of leaves and floral structures were also used to identify putative hybrids.\u0000 Hybrids showed a different degree of genetic admixture between both parental species. Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences indicated that hybridization occurs in both directions, in fact, some of the hybrids showed new haplotypes for cpDNA and ITS (Internal Transcriber Spacer of nuclear ribosomal RNA genes) sequences. The morphology of hybrid individuals varied between the two parental species, but they could be better identified by their leaves and floral tube.\u0000 Our study is the first to confirm the hybridization in natural populations of Fuchsia species and suggests that hybridization has probably occurred repeatedly throughout the entire distribution of the species. Phylogeographic analysis of both species will be essential to understand the impact of hybridization throughout their complete distribution.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“United we stand, divided we fall”: Intertwining as evidence of joint actions in pea plants","authors":"Bianca Bonato, Qiuran Wang, Silvia Guerra, Valentina Simonetti, Maria Bulgheroni, Silvia Quaggiotti, Benedetto Ruperti, Umberto Castiello","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad088","url":null,"abstract":"In life, it is common for almost every kind of organism to interact with one another. In the human realm, such interactions are at the basis of joint actions, when two or more agents syntonise their actions to achieve a common goal. Shared intentionality is the theoretical construct referring to the suite of abilities that enable such coordinated and collaborative interactions. Shared intentionality is the theoretical construct referring to the suite of abilities that enable such coordinated and collaborative interactions. While shared intentionality has become an important concept in research on social cognition, there is controversy surrounding its evolutionary origins. An aspect still unexplored but promising to bring new insights into this open debate is the study of aneural organisms. To fill this gap, here we investigate whether climbing plants can act jointly to achieve a common goal, i.e., reaching the light. We examined Pisum Sativum plants growing intertwined when there is a need to climb but a potential support is not present in the environment. Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of their movement revealed a coordinated and complementary behaviour. They tend to coordinate their movement in time and space to achieve a joint climbing. By deliberately extending the context in which a joint action takes place, we pay tribute to the complex nature of this social phenomenon. The next challenge for the field of joint action is to generate a perspective that links coordination mechanisms to an evolutionary framework across taxa.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138823946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining tolerant tomato genotypes to salt stress according to physiological and morphological manner","authors":"Peyman Eynizadeh, Seid Zabihallah Ravari, Mohammad Moradi, Ali Dehghani, Hamid Dehghani","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad037","url":null,"abstract":"The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an annual vegetable cultivated all over the world. It faces biotic and abiotic stresses, such as salinity, in arid and semiarid regions. Investigating the relationship between physiological and economic traits, such as fruit yield, under stress conditions is necessary to identify tolerant genotypes. This study was conducted to identify tolerant tomato families according to the relationship between several important physiological, morphological and phenological traits. Twenty S3 families were cultivated in a factorial experiment (factor1: families and factor2: normal conditions and salinity stress) based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2019. Twenty physiological, agronomic and fruit-quality-related traits were investigated. Analysis of variance was used to prove the existing effective genetic diversity. Genetic diversity and the relationships between traits were graphically shown using heatmap clustering. Finally, genetic parameters, such as Pearson’s correlation, trait stability index and heritability were used to calculate the mathematical value of families using the Modified Analytical Hierarchy Process. Families exhibited different behaviours under normal and stress conditions. The tolerant families responded physiologically to the salt stress. Therefore, they reduced both cell membrane degradation and photosynthesis disruption by increasing proline, lycopene, carotenoid and sugar content. Therefore, fewer reductions in morphological traits were observed in these families. The most important traits based on the selection strategy were lycopene content, K+/Na+ ratio, days to flowering and biological yield. In addition, three families, H4/T/30/1, H1/T/12/5 and H1/T/47/4, were selected as the most suitable alternatives to construct the breeding population of the next generation.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138575289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the genetic variability of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) in the face of combined stress: water and heat","authors":"Latifa Chaouachi, Miriam Marín-Sanz, Francisco Barro, Chahine Karmous","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad085","url":null,"abstract":"The devastating effects and extent of abiotic stress on cereal production continue to increase globally, affecting food security in several countries including Tunisia. Heat waves and the scarcity of rainfall strongly affect durum wheat yields. The present study aims to screen for tolerance to combined water and heat stresses in durum wheat at the juvenile stage. Three combined treatments were tested, namely: T0 (100% field capacity (FC) at 24°C), T1 (50% FC at 30°C), and T2 (25% FC at 35°C). The screening was carried out based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical criteria. The results showed that the combined stress significantly affects all the measured parameters. The relative water content (RWC) decreased by 37.6% under T1 compared to T0. Quantum yield (Fv/m) and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/0) decreased under severe combined stress (T2) by 37.15% and 37.22%, respectively. Under T2 stress, leaf temperature increased by 63.7%. A significant increase in osmo-protective solutes was also observed, including proline, which increased by 154.6% under T2. Correlation analyses of the combination of water and heat stress confirm that the traits RWC, chlorophyll b content (Chlb), Fv/m, proline content (PC), Fv/0, and leaf temperature (LT), can be used as reliable screening criteria for the two stresses combined. The principal component analysis highlighted that Aouija tolerates the two levels of stresses studied, while the genotypes Karim and Hmira are the most sensitive. The results show that the tolerance of durum wheat to combined water and heat stress involves several adaptation mechanisms proportional to the stress intensity.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138561511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The <i>SmERF1b-like</i> regulates tanshinone biosynthesis in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> hairy root.","authors":"Dan Li, Yu Liu, Guoliang Chen, Yan Yan, Zhenqing Bai","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad086","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aobpla/plad086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ethylene response factor family genes are involved in the regulation of secondary metabolism in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i>, but the mechanism underlying this regulation remains elusive. In the present study, based on the cDNA library of <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i>, an <i>AP2/ERF</i> gene was cloned and named <i>SmERF1b-like</i>. This gene exhibited a significant response to exogenous ethylene supply, such that ethylene remarkably upregulated <i>SmERF1b-like</i> expression levels in the leaves of <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i>. Subcellular localization showed that <i>SmERF1b-like</i> is located in the nucleus. Furthermore, <i>SmERF1b-like</i> showed a binding affinity with a GCC-box motif in the promoter region of genes associated with tanshinone biosynthesis in <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i>. Overexpression of <i>SmERF1b-like</i> in hairy roots of <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i> substantially upregulated <i>SmCPS1</i> and <i>SmKSL1</i> expression levels, resulting in increased biosynthesis of tanshinone I and cryptotanshinone contents. This finding provides valuable theoretical support for the utilization of a plant genetic engineering strategy to enhance <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i> resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"16 1","pages":"plad086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10799320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139514497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome-based network analysis of cell cycle-related genes in response to blue and red light in maize","authors":"Tiedong Liu, Xiwen Zhang, Shengqun Liu","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad079","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In maize, blue and red light are key environmental factors regulating cell-cycle progression. We used transcriptomics to investigate and compare differential gene expression under the four light conditions: red light, blue light, red converted to blue and blue converted to red. A total of 23 differentially expressed genes were identified. The gene–gene interaction analysis indicated a significant interaction between four unidentified genes, 100191551, pco143873, 100284747 and pco060490, and cell-cycle-related genes. Using multiple sequence alignment analysis and protein structure comparisons, we show here that these four unidentified genes were characterized as ALP1-like, ALP1, cyclin P1-1 and AEBP2, respectively. By constructing a protein–protein interaction network, we inferred that 100191551 and pco143873 are potentially regulated to avoid DNA damage by abiotic stress response factors in the cell cycle. The gene 100284747 regulates the cell cycle in response to phosphate starvation signalling. The gene pco060490 potentially negatively regulates the cell cycle through the mediation of Histone H3 and CYCD6 in response to red light. In conclusion, the cell-cycle-related genes are sensitive to blue and red light, and four novel functional genes may be involved in the cell cycle.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138618250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual dimorphism and female advantage hypothesis in the gynomonoecious-gynodioecious Dianthus plumarius (Caryophyllaceae)","authors":"Sabrina S Gavini","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad084","url":null,"abstract":"To explain the co-existence and maintenance of females along with hermaphrodite plants, the female-advantage hypothesis has been proposed where females should show greater fecundity compared to their conspecific hermaphrodites. On the other hand, greater attraction would be selected in the hermaphrodites to increase their male function, potentially leading to larger showier flowers, with more rewards. Here, I tested the sexual dimorphism trade-off hypothesis with the gynomonoecious-gynodioecious Dianthus plumarius (Caryophyllaceae), in the gardens of Bariloche (Patagonia, Argentina). I measured in female and hermaphrodite plants: flower size, nectar volume and concentration, flower lifespan, ovule production, seed number, seed set, and seed weight. Additionally, bagging and pollen supplementation experiments were carried out to evaluate pollen limitation, probability of apomixis, if spontaneous autogamy is possible, and to examine the importance of pollen origin. I found that hermaphrodite flowers are more attractive, with larger-sized flowers and higher nectar volume, whereas female flowers compensate with longer lifespan of stigmatic receptivity and more concentrated nectar. Despite ovule number was lower in female flowers, these showed higher seed-set, and produced more and heavier seeds than hermaphrodites under open pollination. No evidence of apomixis was found in females, but spontaneous autogamy may occur in hermaphrodites. Hand-pollination experiments showed first that both flower-types suffered pollen-limitation, but it was higher on hermaphrodite flowers. Finally, despite self-compatibility, pollen origin is important because hand self-pollination decreased seed weight. These findings provide strong evidence in support to the mechanisms and underlying conditions that would allow the co-existence and maintenance of female and hermaphrodite individuals within populations.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"34 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the physiological responses and identifying stress-tolerance of Akabare chili landraces to individual and combined drought and heat stresses","authors":"Damodar Poudyal, Bal Krishna Joshi, Rong Zhou, Carl-Otto Ottosen, Kishor Chandra Dahal","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad083","url":null,"abstract":"Akabare chili (Capsicum annuum L.) contributes to Nepalese rural livelihoods but suffers from low productivity due to various abiotic stresses including drought and heat. This study aimed to assess the physiological responses of Akabare chili landraces to heat and drought stress, individually and together, and to identify stress-tolerant genotypes in the early vegetative stage. Selected eight Akabare chili landraces and chili variety ‘Jwala’ were subjected to control (30/22°C day/night) and heat stress (40/32°C) conditions with irrigation, and drought stress (30/22°C) and combined drought-heat stress conditions without irrigation for seven days, followed by a five-day recovery under control condition. Stress-tolerant landraces showed better performance compared to sensitive ones in terms of efficacy of PS II (Fv/Fm), transpiration rate (E), net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), leaf temperature depression (LTD), water use efficiency (WUE), and the ratio of stomata pore area to stomata area (PASA) under stress conditions, resulting in improved biomass. Although all genotypes performed statistically similar under control conditions, their responses Fv/Fm, PN, E, gs, and WUE were significantly reduced under thermal stress, further reduced under drought stress, and severely declined under the combination of both. Total biomass exhibited a 57.48% reduction due to combined stress, followed by drought (37.8%) and heat (21.4%) compared to the control. Among the landraces, C44 showed the most significant gain in biomass (35%), followed by DKT77 (33.48%), while the lowest gain percentage was observed for C64C and PPR77 during the recovery phase (29%). The tolerant landraces also showed a higher percentage of leaf cooling, chlorophyll content, and leaf relative water content with fewer stomata but broader openings of pores. The study identifies potential stress-tolerant Akabare chili landraces and discusses the stress-tolerant physiological mechanisms to develop resilient crop varieties in changing climates.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"154 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed coat color and structure are related to the seed dormancy and overwintering ability of crop-to-wild hybrid soybean","authors":"Li Zhang, Ruizong Jia, Laipan Liu, Wenjing Shen, Zhixiang Fang, Bin Zhou, Biao Liu","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad081","url":null,"abstract":"The possible persistence of genetically modified (GM) crop-to-wild hybrid seeds in the soil seed bank is a major concern in risk assessment and is closely related to seed characteristics such as dormancy. In the present study, we generated F3 hybrids via crosses between GM soybean accessions and wild soybean and evaluated the dormancy, overwintering ability and inheritance of foreign genes in different-colored hybrid seeds (yellow, green, brown, and black). The results revealed that the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) transgene may have no influence on crop wild hybrid seed dormancy and overwintering ability, and the dormancy of the hybrid seeds was closely related to seed coat color. F3 hybrid seeds with light colors (yellow and green) were relatively nondormant, while seeds that were dark (brown and black) in color were relatively dormant. Moreover, the hybrid seeds that were dark in color had a much stronger overwintering ability than the lighter-colored seeds, with 21.33% of the black seeds and 33.33% of the brown seeds remaining viable after 240 days of soil burial. In contrast, almost all the F3 yellow and green seeds were no longer viable during winter. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the lighter-colored seeds had a thin palisade layer and very few surface deposits, while the darker-colored seeds had a thicker palisade layer and a large area of honeycomb-like surface deposits similar to those of wild soybean seeds. Thus, the physical dormancy and overwintering ability of the darker-colored seeds may be related to the seed coat. Our results suggest that transgenes of GM soybean might disperse into wild populations and persist in seed banks.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degeneration of oil bodies by rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER)-associated protein during seed germination in Cannabis sativa L","authors":"Eun-Soo Kim, Joon-Hee Han, Kenneth J Olejar, Sang-Hyuck Park","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad082","url":null,"abstract":"Oil bodies serve as a vital energy source of embryos during germination and contribute to sustaining the initial growth of seedlings until photosynthesis initiation. Despite high stability in chemical properties, how oil bodies break down and go into the degradation process during germination is still unknown. This study provides a morphological understanding of the mobilisation of stored compounds in the seed germination of Cannabis. The achenes of fibrous hemp cultivar (Cannabis sativa cv. ‘Chungsam’) were examined in this study using light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Oil bodies in Cannabis seeds appeared spherical and sporadically distributed in the cotyledonary cells. Protein bodies contained electron-dense globoid and heterogeneous protein matrices. During seed germination, rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) and high electron-dense substances were present adjacent to the oil bodies. The border of the oil bodies became a dense cluster region and appeared as a sinuous outline. Later, irregular hyaline areas were distributed throughout oil bodies, showing the destabilised emulsification of oil bodies. Finally, the oil bodies lost their morphology and fused with each other. The storage proteins were concentrated in the center of the protein body as a dense homogenous circular mass surrounded by a light heterogeneous area. Some storage proteins are considered emulsifying agents on the surface region of oil bodies, enabling them to remain stable and distinct within and outside cotyledon cells. At the early germination stage, rER appeared and dense substances aggregated adjacent to the oil bodies. Certain proteins were synthesised within the rER and then translocated into the oil bodies by crossing the half membrane of oil bodies. Our data suggests that rER-associated proteins function as enzymes to lyse the emulsifying proteins, thereby weakening the emulsifying agent on the surface of the oil bodies. This process plays a key role in the degeneration of oil bodies and induces coalescence during seed germination.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":"153 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}