AoB Plants最新文献

{"title":"Dark-centred umbels in Apiaceae: diversity, development and evolution.","authors":"Regine Claßen-Bockhoff,&nbsp;Ferhat Celep,&nbsp;Yousef Ajani,&nbsp;Lisa Frenken,&nbsp;Kerstin Reuther,&nbsp;Musa Doğan","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The wild carrot (<i>Daucus carota</i>) is famous for its dark flowers in the umbel centre. Several studies have been conducted to figure out their functional significance, but the evolution of the dark centre remains an enigma. In the present paper, we consider all known apioid species with dark-centred umbels to get a deeper understanding of their biology and evolution. Based on herbaria studies, literature and field work, we reconstructed the distribution area of 10 species (7 genera, 6 clades) of Apiaceae-Apioideae. To recognize homology of the dark structures, developmental studies were conducted in <i>Artedia squamata</i> and <i>Echiophora trichophylla</i> Field studies included architecture, flower morph distribution (andromonoecy) and flowering sequence within the plants, abundancy and behaviour of umbel visitors and preliminary manipulation experiments (removal/adding of dark structures). The dark structures are not homologous to each other. In the <i>Daucus</i> alliance, central flowers or umbellets are conspicuous, whereas in other species dark brush-like (<i>A. squamata</i>) or club-shaped structures (<i>Dicyclophora persica</i>, <i>Echinophora trichophylla</i>, <i>Tordylium aegyptiacum</i>, <i>T. cappadocicum</i>) develop from a naked receptacle. Species are andromonoecious, have a modular architecture and flower in multicyclic protandrous sequence. Among the many umbel visitors, beetles were the most abundant group. Only visitors found on umbels in both flowering phases were recognized as possible pollinators. Manipulation experiments indicated that the dark structures influence the behaviour of some, but not all umbel visitors. In <i>Echinophora trichophylla</i>, a massive gall infection was observed. It is evident that the dark structures evolved several times in parallel. The brush- and club-shaped structures are interpreted as the results of mutations affecting umbel development. Dark umbel centres are most likely stabilized by selection due to their general adaptive function. Their appearance in an area known as a hotspot of beetle pollination gives rise to the assumption that they may act as beetle marks.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10614004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal variation in the xylem sap composition of six Australian trees and shrubs.","authors":"Adriano Losso,&nbsp;Alice Gauthey,&nbsp;Brendan Choat,&nbsp;Stefan Mayr","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, xylem sap composition has been shown to affect xylem hydraulics. However, information on how much xylem sap composition can vary across seasons and specifically under drought stress is still limited. We measured xylem sap chemical composition ([Ca²⁺], [K⁺], [Na⁺], electrical conductivity EC and pH) and surface tension (<i>γ</i>) of six Australian angiosperm trees and shrubs over 1 year, which comprised of exceptional dry and wet periods. Percentage losses of hydraulic conductivity and predawn leaf water potential were also monitored. In all species, measured parameters changed considerably over the annual time course. Ions and pH tended to decrease during winter months whereas <i>γ</i> showed a slight increase. No clear correlation was found between sap and hydraulic parameters, except for pH that was higher when plants suffered higher drought stress levels. Results indicate xylem sap composition to be complex and dynamic, where most variation in its composition seems to be dictated by season, even under severe dry conditions. However, pH might play a role as signals of drought stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild and cultivated comestible plant species in the Gulf of Mexico: phylogenetic patterns and convergence of type of use.","authors":"Milton H Díaz-Toribio,&nbsp;J Arturo de-Nova,&nbsp;Eva María Piedra-Malagón,&nbsp;Diego F Angulo,&nbsp;Victoria Sosa","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cross-cultural research on edible plants might include ecological and evolutionary perspectives to understand processes behind species selection and management. With a database of approximately 500 comestible plants of the Province of the Gulf of Mexico in Mesoamerica, phylogenetic analyses are conducted to identify convergence and phylogenetic signal of type of use and significant clustering in the resulting phylogenetic trees. Analyses considered type of management (wild/managed vs. cultivated), type of use (edible, condiment, for wrapping food) and organ utilized. Elevated phylogenetic diversity and signal are expected for wild comestible taxa, indicating that people are using lineages across the angiosperm tree for food, resulting in broadness in diet and use of their regional resources. Main results are: (i) condiment species were identified in groups with an elevated phylogenetic signal; (ii) hot nodes for lineages utilized for wrapping food were found in many monocot groups as well as in epiphytes of cloud forests with leathery leaves; (iii) edible taxa were identified with the highest significant clustering restricted to certain branches in the phylogeny; (iv) wild and cultivated edible plants belong to identical lineages with replacement of species, implying that same plant groups known for their comestible benefits are substituted by species distributed in the Province and (v) wild versus cultivated lineages for condiment are different. Most food species in the Province belong to four families, namely Fabaceae, Cactaceae, Solanaceae and Asparagaceae. Analyses discovered underutilized wild species in identical clades to managed/cultivated taxa that can be studied further to identify cultivation practices. Results suggest that people are utilizing different lineages in the angiosperm tree available locally, for particular uses, like condiment or for wrapping food. Evidence can be used to study further undervalued edible species closely related to the most common food taxa as well as for bioprospection of their nutritional content.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentially methylated genomic regions of lettuce seeds relate to divergence across morphologically distinct horticultural types.","authors":"Ivan Simko","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heritable cytosine methylation plays a role in shaping plant phenotypes; however, no information is available about DNA methylation in cultivated lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>), one of the most important leafy vegetables. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) performed on seeds of 95 accessions from eight morphologically distinct horticultural types (Batavia, butterhead, iceberg, Latin, leaf, oilseed, romaine and stem) revealed a high level of methylation in lettuce genome with an average methylation of 90.6 % in the CG context, 72.9 % in the CHG context and 7.5 % in the CHH context. Although WGBS did not show substantial differences in overall methylation levels across eight horticultural types, 350 differentially methylated regions (DMR) were identified. Majority of the 41 pivotal DMR overlapped with genomic features predicted or confirmed to be involved in plant growth and development. These results provide the first insight into lettuce DNA methylation and indicate a potential role for heritable variation in cytosine methylation in lettuce morphology. The results reveal that differences in methylation profiles of morphologically distinct horticultural types are already detectable in seeds. Identified DMR can be a focus of the future functional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10482144/pdf/plad060.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10189112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Starch depletion in the xylem and phloem ray parenchyma of grapevine stems under drought.","authors":"Kyra A Prats,&nbsp;Ana C Fanton,&nbsp;Craig R Brodersen,&nbsp;Morgan E Furze","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aobpla/plad062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) storage can support long-lived woody plants during abiotic stress, the timing and extent of their use are less understood, as are the thresholds for cell mortality as NSCs and water supplies are consumed. Here, we combine physiological and imaging tools to study the response of <i>Vitis riparia</i> to a 6-week experimental drought. We focused on the spatial and temporal dynamics of starch consumption and cell viability in the xylem and phloem of the stem. Starch dynamics were further corroborated with enzymatic starch digestion and X-ray microcomputed tomography imaging. Starch depletion in the stems of droughted plants was detected after 2 weeks and continued over time. We observed distinct differences in starch content and cell viability in the xylem and phloem. By the end of the drought, nearly all the starch was consumed in the phloem ray parenchyma (98 % decrease), and there were almost no metabolically active cells in the phloem. In contrast, less starch was consumed in the xylem ray parenchyma (30 % decrease), and metabolically active cells remained in the ray and vessel-associated parenchyma in the xylem. Our data suggest that the higher proportion of living cells in the phloem and cambium, combined with smaller potential NSC storage area, rapidly depleted starch, which led to cell death. In contrast, the larger cross-sectional area of the xylem ray parenchyma with higher NSC storage and lower metabolically active cell populations depleted starch at a slower pace. Why NSC source-sink relationships between xylem and phloem do not allow for a more uniform depletion of starch in ray parenchyma over time is unclear. Our data help to pinpoint the proximate and ultimate causes of plant death during prolonged drought exposure and highlight the need to consider the influence of within-organ starch dynamics and cell mortality on abiotic stress response.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42796110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and evolutionary relevance of autotriploid cytotypes in a relict member of the genus <i>Daphne</i> (Thymelaeaceae).","authors":"Zuzana Gajdošová,&nbsp;Marek Svitok,&nbsp;Veronika Cetlová,&nbsp;Lenka Mártonfiová,&nbsp;Jaromír Kučera,&nbsp;Vladislav Kolarčik,&nbsp;Bogdan-Iuliu Hurdu,&nbsp;Ioana-Minodora Sîrbu,&nbsp;Ingrid Turisová,&nbsp;Peter Turis,&nbsp;Marek Slovák","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Odd ploidy-level cytotypes in sexually reproducing species are considered a dead end due to absent or reduced fertility. If sterility is only partial, however, their contribution to the population gene pool can be augmented by longevity and clonal growth. To test this, we investigated the cytotype origin and spatial pattern, and pollen viability in three relict shrub species of the genus <i>Daphne</i> (Thymelaeaceae Juss.) in central Europe. <i>Daphne cneorum</i> subsp. <i>cneorum</i> is a widespread European species that has a broad ecological amplitude, whereas <i>D</i>. <i>cneorum</i> subsp. <i>arbusculoides</i> and <i>D. arbuscula</i> are narrow endemics of the western Pannonian Plain and the Western Carpathians, respectively. Our study confirmed that all three taxa are diploid. However, of more than a thousand analysed individuals of <i>D. cneorum</i> subsp<i>. cneorum</i>, five in four different populations were triploid. Our data indicate that these triploids most likely originate from recurrent autopolyploidization events caused by the fusion of reduced and unreduced gametes. High pollen viability was observed in all three taxa and in both diploid and triploid cytotypes, ranging from 65 to 100 %. Our study highlights the significant role of odd ploidy-level cytotypes in interploidy gene flow, calling for more research into their reproduction, genetic variability, and overall fitness. Interestingly, while the endemic <i>D. arbuscula</i> differs from <i>D. cneorum</i> based on genetic and genome size data, <i>D. cneorum</i> subsp. <i>arbusculoides</i> was indistinguishable from <i>D. cneorum</i> subsp. <i>cneorum</i>. However, our study reveals that the subspecies differ in the number of flowers per inflorescence. This is the first comprehensive cytogeographic study of this intriguing genus at a regional scale, and in spite of its karyological stability, it contributes to our understanding of genomic evolution in plant species with a wide ecological amplitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary history of <i>Castanea sativa</i> in the Caucasus driven by Middle and Late Pleistocene paleoenvironmental changes.","authors":"Berika Beridze,&nbsp;Katarzyna Sękiewicz,&nbsp;Łukasz Walas,&nbsp;Peter A Thomas,&nbsp;Irina Danelia,&nbsp;Giorgi Kvartskhava,&nbsp;Vahid Farzaliyev,&nbsp;Angela A Bruch,&nbsp;Monika Dering","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to global climate cooling and aridification since the Paleogene, members of the Neogene flora were extirpated from the Northern Hemisphere or were confined to a few refugial areas. For some species, the final reduction/extinction came in the Pleistocene, but some others have survived climatic transformations up to the present. This has occurred in <i>Castanea sativa</i>, a species of high commercial value in Europe and a significant component of the Caucasian forests' biodiversity. In contrast to the European range, neither the historical biogeography nor the population genetic structure of the species in its isolated Caucasian range has been clarified. Here, based on a survey of 21 natural populations from the Caucasus and a single one from Europe, we provide a likely biogeographic reconstruction and genetic diversity details. By applying Bayesian inference, species distribution modelling and fossil pollen data, we estimated (i) the time of the Caucasian-European divergence during the Middle Pleistocene, (ii) the time of divergence among Caucasian lineages and (iii) outlined the glacial refugia for species. The climate changes related to the Early-Middle Pleistocene Transition are proposed as the major drivers of the intraspecific divergence and European-Caucasian disjunction for the species, while the impact of the last glacial cycle was of marginal importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water deficit changes patterns of selection on floral signals and nectar rewards in the common morning glory.","authors":"Yedra García,&nbsp;Benjamin S Dow,&nbsp;Amy L Parachnowitsch","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aobpla/plad061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding whether and how resource limitation alters phenotypic selection on floral traits is key to predict the evolution of plant-pollinator interactions under climate change. Two important resources predicted to decline with our changing climate are pollinators and water in the form of increased droughts. Most work, however, has studied these selective agents separately and in the case of water deficit, studies are rare. Here, we use the common morning glory (<i>Ipomoea purpurea</i>) to investigate the effects of experimental reduction in pollinator access and water availability on floral signals and nectar rewards and their effects on phenotypic selection on these traits. We conducted a manipulative experiment in a common garden, where we grew plants in three treatments: (1) pollinator restriction, (2) water reduction and (3) unmanipulated control. Plants in pollinator restriction and control treatments were well-watered compared to water deficit. We found that in contrast to pollinator restriction, water deficit had strong effects altering floral signals and nectar rewards but also differed in the direction and strength of selection on these traits compared to control plants. Water deficit increased the opportunity for selection, and selection in this treatment favoured lower nectar volumes and larger floral sizes, which might further alter pollinator visitation. In addition, well-watered plants, both in control and pollinator deficit, showed similar patterns of selection to increase nectar volume suggesting non-pollinator-mediated selection on nectar. Our study shows that floral traits may evolve in response to reduction in water access faster than to declines in pollinators and reinforces that abiotic factors can be important agents of selection for floral traits. Although only few experimental selection studies have manipulated access to biotic and abiotic resources, our results suggest that this approach is key for understanding how pollination systems may evolve under climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44844988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring tissue water potential in marine macroalgae via an updated Chardakov method.","authors":"V L Gibson,&nbsp;A Richards Donà,&nbsp;C M Smith","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad055","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aobpla/plad055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regulation of tissue water potential is a key mechanism in macroalgal osmotic responses to changing external osmotic conditions, which are common in tidally influenced estuarine and intertidal systems. Nevertheless, significant knowledge gaps exist in our understanding of osmotic responses in macroalgae because few methods measure osmotic potential within macroalgal tissues. Leaf psychrometers have furthered understanding of osmotic potentials in terrestrial plant water relations, yet these have not been developed to measure the range of highly negative potential values found in marine macroalgae. To address these gaps, we present an effective, updated version of the Chardakov method to measure tissue water potential in macroalgae. Here, we present a case study examining macroalgal response in tissue water potential by two morphologically and evolutionarily distinct species, <i>Ulva lactuca</i> (Chlorophyta) and <i>Hypnea musciformis</i> (Rhodophyta) to four paired salinity and nutrient treatments at two temperatures. These treatments simulate a gradient from full coastal ocean conditions to brackish submarine groundwater discharge, an ecosystem type found on basaltic shorelines. Both algae demonstrated plasticity in osmotic response to submarine groundwater discharge with significant positive correlations between tissue water potential and proportion of submarine groundwater discharge in the treatment. These results are the first to describe macroalgal response in tissue water potential, a first step to understanding algal physiological ecology in such complex coastal environments. This revised Chardakov method is a valuable tool to better understand species-specific osmotic responses to ecologically relevant conditions, and can augment the study of other tidal systems and ontogenetic stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43123713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollination mechanism in Serapias with no pollinaria reconfiguration","authors":"M. Lanzino, A. M. Palermo, G. Pellegrino","doi":"10.1093/aobpla/plad054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad054","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Orchidaceae, one of the most numerous families in the world's flora, have evolved various pollination strategies to favour cross-pollination, such as deceptive pollination and pollinarium reconfiguration. Among the terrestrial orchids of the Mediterranean, only species belonging to the genus Serapias show a strategy defined as shelter imitation. The floral elements form a tubular structure that insects use during their resting phases. The purpose of this paper was to clarify the mechanisms that guarantee pollination with particular attention to the morphological interactions between orchids and pollinators and whether pollinaria reconfiguration is necessary in the promotion of cross-pollination in Serapias.\u0000 Breeding system experiments and hand pollination treatments indicated that Serapias was highly self-compatible, shows low value of natural fruit set and is pollinator limited. Time-lapse photos showed that the pollinarium had no refolding of the stipe or caudicle after its removal from the flower.\u0000 The morphology of the flower determined the attack of the pollinarium on the occiput/vertex of insect. When the insect left the flower, the pollinarium was unable to encounter the stigma. When the insect made a second visit to another flower, the pollen masses of the first pollinarium ended up on the stigma and at the same time, the insect picked up a second pollinarium.\u0000 Our observations and analyses suggested that morphological interactions between flower and pollinator are crucial to the success of pollination and to prevent self-pollination and thus that pollinarium reconfiguration is unnecessary in shelter deceptive orchids, such as Serapias species, for the promotion of crosspollination.\u0000 Serapias represent a case of interactions between plant and pollinator; the formation of the tubular shape of the flower is an essential preadaptation for the development of resting site mimicry originating exclusively in Serapias among Mediterranean orchids.","PeriodicalId":48955,"journal":{"name":"AoB Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47481264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}