Francesco Bettariga, Dennis R Taaffe, Daniel A Galvão, Robert U Newton
{"title":"Effects of short- and long-term exercise training on cancer cells in vitro: Insights into the mechanistic associations.","authors":"Francesco Bettariga, Dennis R Taaffe, Daniel A Galvão, Robert U Newton","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise is a therapeutic approach in cancer treatment, providing several benefits. Moreover, exercise is associated with a reduced risk for developing a range of cancers and for their recurrence, as well as with improving survival, even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Preclinical and clinical evidence shows that the acute effects of a single exercise session can suppress the growth of various cancer cell lines in vitro. This suppression is potentially due to altered concentrations of hormones (e.g., insulin) and cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6) after exercise. These factors, known to be involved in tumorigenesis, may explain why exercise is associated with reduced cancer incidence, recurrence, and mortality. However, the effects of short- (<8 weeks) and long-term (≥8 weeks) exercise programs on cancer cells have been reported with mixed results. Although more research is needed, it appears that interventions incorporating both exercise and diet seem to have greater inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth in both apparently healthy subjects as well as in cancer patients. Although speculative, these suppressive effects on cancer cells may be driven by changes in body weight and composition as well as by a reduction in low-grade inflammation often associated with sedentary behavior, low muscle mass, and excess fat mass in cancer patients. Taken together, such interventions could alter the systemic levels of suppressive circulating factors, leading to a less favorable environment for tumorigenesis. While regular exercise and a healthy diet may establish a more cancer-suppressive environment, each acute bout of exercise provides a further \"dose\" of anticancer medicine. Therefore, integrating regular exercise could potentially play a significant role in cancer management, highlighting the need for future investigations in this promising area of research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"100994"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simon Herger, Corina Nüesch, Anna-Maria Liphardt, Christian Egloff, Annegret Mündermann
{"title":"Effect of older age and/or ACL injury on the dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and immediate load-induced change in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein.","authors":"Simon Herger, Corina Nüesch, Anna-Maria Liphardt, Christian Egloff, Annegret Mündermann","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the influence of older vs. younger age and previous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on resting serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP(t<sub>pre</sub>)) concentration, on immediate load-induced sCOMP kinetics after a 30-min treadmill walking stress (∆_sCOMP(t<sub>post</sub>)), and on the dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and ∆_sCOMP(t<sub>post</sub>).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 85 participants were recruited in 4 groups (20-30 years: 24 healthy, 23 ACL-injured; 40-60 years: 23 healthy, 15 ACL-injured). Blood samples were collected immediately before and after a walking stress at 80%, 100%, or 120% bodyweight (BW) on 3 test days and analyzed for sCOMP concentration. Linear models were used to estimate the effect of age, knee status (unilateral ACL injury, 2-10 years prior), and sex on sCOMP(t<sub>pre</sub>), ∆_sCOMP(t<sub>post</sub>), and the dose-response between ambulatory load magnitude and ∆_sCOMP(t<sub>post</sub>).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that sCOMP(t<sub>pre</sub>) was 21% higher in older than younger participants (p < 0.001) but did not differ between ACL-injured and healthy participants (p = 0.632). Also, ∆_sCOMP(t<sub>post</sub>) was 19% lower in older than younger participants (p = 0.030) and increased with body mass index (p < 0.001), sCOMP(t<sub>pre</sub>) (p = 0.008), and with 120%BW (p < 0.001), independent of age, ACL injury, or sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age but not prior ACL injury influences resting sCOMP and load-induced sCOMP. The dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and load-induced sCOMP changes is not affected by age, ACL injury, or sex. A better understanding of systemic sCOMP and the role of its mechanoresponse for the understanding of osteoarthritis pathophysiology and monitoring intervention efficacy may require knowledge of individual cartilage composition and tissue-level loading parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"100993"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Sun, Jinwen Luan, Jinbiao Wang, Xiaoli Li, Wenqian Zhang, Xiaohui Ji, Longhua Liu, Ru Wang, Bingxiang Xu
{"title":"GEPREP: A comprehensive data atlas of RNA-seq-based gene expression profiles of exercise responses.","authors":"Lei Sun, Jinwen Luan, Jinbiao Wang, Xiaoli Li, Wenqian Zhang, Xiaohui Ji, Longhua Liu, Ru Wang, Bingxiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity can regulate and affect gene expression in multiple tissues and cells. Recently, with the development of next-generation sequencing, a large number of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq)-based gene expression profiles about physical activity have been shared in public resources; however, they are poorly curated and underutilized. To tackle this problem, we developed a data atlas of such data through comprehensive data collection, curation, and organization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data atlas, termed gene expression profiles of RNA-seq-based exercise responses (GEPREP), was built on a comprehensive collection of high-quality RNA-seq data on exercise responses. The metadata of each sample were manually curated. Data were uniformly processed and batch effects corrected. All the information was well organized in an easy-to-use website for free search, visualization, and download.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GEPREP now includes 69 RNA-seq datasets of pre- and post-exercise, comprising 26 human datasets (1120 samples) and 43 mouse datasets (1006 samples). Specifically, there were 977 (87.2 %) human samples of skeletal muscle and 143 (12.8 %) human samples of blood. There were also samples across 9 mice tissues with skeletal muscle (359, 35.7 %) and brain (280, 27.8 %) accounting for the main fractions. Metadata-including subject, exercise interventions, sampling sites, and post-processing methods-are also included. The metadata and gene expression profiles are freely accessible at http://www.geprep.org.cn/.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GEPREP is a comprehensive data atlas of RNA-seq-based gene expression profiles responding to exercise. With its reliable annotations and user-friendly interfaces, it has the potential to deepen our understanding of exercise physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"100992"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marit Hjorth, Casey L Egan, Guilherme D Telles, Martin Pal, David Gallego-Ortega, Oliver K Fuller, Emma D McLennan, Ryan D Gillis, Tae Gyu Oh, George E O Muscat, Surafel Tegegne, Michael S M Mah, Joanna Skhinas, Emma Estevez, Timothy E Adams, Matthew J McKay, Mark Molloy, Kevin I Watt, Hongwei Qian, Paul Gregorevic, Thomas R Cox, Pernille Hojman, Julie Midtgaard, Jesper F Christensen, Martin Friedrichsen, Renato V Iozzo, Erica K Sloan, Brian G Drew, Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski, Martin Whitham, Mark A Febbraio
{"title":"Decorin, an exercise-induced secretory protein, is associated with improved prognosis in breast cancer patients but does not mediate anti-tumorigenic tissue crosstalk in mice.","authors":"Marit Hjorth, Casey L Egan, Guilherme D Telles, Martin Pal, David Gallego-Ortega, Oliver K Fuller, Emma D McLennan, Ryan D Gillis, Tae Gyu Oh, George E O Muscat, Surafel Tegegne, Michael S M Mah, Joanna Skhinas, Emma Estevez, Timothy E Adams, Matthew J McKay, Mark Molloy, Kevin I Watt, Hongwei Qian, Paul Gregorevic, Thomas R Cox, Pernille Hojman, Julie Midtgaard, Jesper F Christensen, Martin Friedrichsen, Renato V Iozzo, Erica K Sloan, Brian G Drew, Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski, Martin Whitham, Mark A Febbraio","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Regular exercise can reduce incidence and progression of breast cancer, but the mechanisms for such effects are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanisms behind the protective effects of exercise.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a variety of rodent and human experimental model systems to determine whether exercise training can reduce tumor burden in breast cancer and to identify mechanism associated with any exercise training effects on tumor burden.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We show that voluntary wheel running slows tumor development in the mammary specific polyomavirus middle T antigen overexpression (MMTV-PyMT) mouse model of breast cancer but only when mice are not housed alone. We identify the proteoglycan decorin as a contraction-induced secretory factor that systemically increases in patients with breast cancer immediately following exercise. Moreover, high expression of decorin in tumors is associated with improved prognosis in patients, while treatment of breast cancer cells in vitro with decorin reduces cell proliferation. Notwithstanding, when we overexpressed decorin in murine muscle or injected recombinant decorin systemically into mouse models of breast cancer, elevated plasma decorin concentrations did not result in higher tumor decorin levels and tumor burden was not improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exercise training is anti-tumorigenic in a mouse model of luminal breast cancer, but the effect is abrogated by social isolation. The proteoglycan decorin is an exercise-induced secretory protein, and tumor decorin levels are positively associated with improved prognosis in patients. The hypothesis that elevated plasma decorin is a mechanism by which exercise training improves breast cancer progression in humans is not, however, supported by our pre-clinical data since elevated circulating decorin did not increase tumor decorin levels in these models.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"100991"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Commentary on \"The association of diet quality and physical activity with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 85,545 alder Australians: A longitudinal study\".","authors":"Barbara E Ainsworth, Zeyun Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100990","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"100990"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cortney Armitano-Lago,Elizabeth Bjornsen,Caroline Lisee,Ashley Buck,Christin Büttner,Adam W Kiefer,Todd A Schwartz,Brian Pietrosimone
{"title":"Lower limb coordination patterns following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction:A longitudinal study: Longitudinal lower limb coordination patterns following ACLR.","authors":"Cortney Armitano-Lago,Elizabeth Bjornsen,Caroline Lisee,Ashley Buck,Christin Büttner,Adam W Kiefer,Todd A Schwartz,Brian Pietrosimone","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100988","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDChanges in lower limb joint coordination have been shown to increase localized stress on knee joint soft tissue-a known precursor of osteoarthritis. While 50% of individuals who undergo anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) develop radiographic osteoarthritis, it is unclear how underlying joint coordination during gait changes post-ACLR. The purpose of this study was twofold: to determine differences in lower limb coordination patterns during gait in ACLR individuals 2, 4, and 6 months post-ACLR and to compare the coordination profiles of the ACLR participants at each timepoint post-ACLR to uninjured matched controls.METHODSWe conducted a longitudinal assessment to quantify lower limb coordination at 3 timepoints post-ACLR and compared the ACLR coordination profiles to uninjured controls. Thirty-four ACLR (age = 21.43 ± 4.24 years, mean ± SD; 70.59% female) and 34 controls (age = 21.42 ± 3.43 years; 70.59% female) participated. The ACLR group completed 3 overground gait assessments (2,4, and 6 months post-ACLR), and the controls completed 1 assessment, at which lower limb kinematics were collected. Cross-recurrence quantification analysis was used to characterize sagittal and frontal plane ankle-knee, ankle-hip, and knee-hip coordination dynamics. Comprehensive general linear mixed models were constructed to compare between-limb and within-limb coordination outcomes over time post-ACLR and a between-group comparison across timepoints.RESULTSThe ACLR limb demonstrated a more \"stuck\" sagittal plane knee-hip coordination profile (greater trapping time (TT); p = 0.004) compared bilaterally. Between groups, the ACLR participants exhibited a more predictable ankle-knee coordination pattern (percent determinism (%DET); p < 0.05), stronger coupling between joints (meanline (MNLine)) across all segments (p < 0.05), and greater knee-hip TT (more \"stuck\"; p < 0.05) compared to the controls at each timepoint in the sagittal plane. Stronger frontal plane knee-hip joint coupling (MNLine) persisted across timepoints within the ACLR group compared to the controls (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThe results indicate ACLR individuals exhibit a distinct and rigid coordination pattern during gait compared to controls within 6-month post-ACLR, which may have long-term implications for knee-joint health.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"100988"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel K Y Zheng,Jae Q J Liu,Jeremy R Chang,Jeffrey C Y Ng,Zhixing Zhou,Jinlong Wu,Chelsia K C Cheung,Frank F Huang,Sabina M Pinto,Dino Samartzis,Manuela L Ferreira,Kanchana Ekanayake,Stephen Lord,Xueqiang Wang,Arnold Y L Wong
{"title":"Are changes in pain intensity related to changes in balance control in individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Daniel K Y Zheng,Jae Q J Liu,Jeremy R Chang,Jeffrey C Y Ng,Zhixing Zhou,Jinlong Wu,Chelsia K C Cheung,Frank F Huang,Sabina M Pinto,Dino Samartzis,Manuela L Ferreira,Kanchana Ekanayake,Stephen Lord,Xueqiang Wang,Arnold Y L Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100989","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSEThe aim of this study is to summarize the evidence regarding whether pain reduction in individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) following conservative interventions is related to corresponding improvements in balance control.METHODSRandomized controlled trials were identified from 5 databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO). Two reviewers independently screened and identified relevant studies that investigated the effects of nonsurgical or nonpharmacological CNSLBP treatments on both pain intensity and balance control. Meta-regression analyses were performed to establish the associations between post-treatment changes in these 2 variables.RESULTS31 studies involving 1280 participants with CNSLBP were included. Moderate-quality evidence suggested that pain reduction was associated with and explained 34%-45% of decreases in body sway, as measured by center-of-pressure (CoP) area and CoP velocity with eyes open. However, no significant association was observed between pain reduction and CoP area or velocity in anteroposterior/mediolateral directions. Similarly, there was no significant association between pain reduction and CoP distance or radius. Low-quality evidence indicated that pain relief explained a 15% improvement in one-leg stance with eyes open but not in the eyes-closed condition. Additionally, very low-quality evidence suggested that pain relief explained a 44% decrease in the static anteroposterior stability index with eyes closed but not in the eyes-open, mediolateral, or overall conditions. Furthermore, low-quality evidence indicated that reduced pain was associated with and accounted for 25%-43% of the improved composite and posteromedial scores of the star-excursion balance test, rather than the anterior and posterolateral scores.CONCLUSIONDepending on the type of balance assessment, pain relief following conservative interventions may slightly to moderately enhance balance control in individuals with CNSLBP. Clinicians should pay close attention to the balance control in patients with CNSLBP, particularly among older adults.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"9 1","pages":"100989"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142246795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bart Cillekens, Pieter Coenen, Maaike A. Huysmans, Andreas Holtermann, Richard P. Troiano, Paul Jarle Mork, Steinar Krokstad, Els Clays, Dirk De Bacquer, Mette Aadahl, Line Lund Kårhus, Anette Sjøl, Lars Bo Andersen, Jussi Kauhanen, Ari Voutilainen, Richard Pulsford, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Uri Goldbourt, Annette Peters, Barbara Thorand, Annika Rosengren, Lena Björck, Kyle Sprow, Kristin Franzon, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Leila Luján-Barroso, Lars Alfredsson, Martin Bahls, Till Ittermann, Miriam Wanner, Matthias Bopp, Jacob Louis Marott, Peter Schnohr, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Knut Eirik Dalene, Ulf Ekelund, Johan Clausen, Magnus T. Jensen, Christina Bjørk Petersen, Niklas Krause, Jos Twisk, Willem van Mechelen, Allard J. van der Beek
{"title":"Should workers be physically active after work? Associations of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels—An individual participant data meta-analysis","authors":"Bart Cillekens, Pieter Coenen, Maaike A. Huysmans, Andreas Holtermann, Richard P. Troiano, Paul Jarle Mork, Steinar Krokstad, Els Clays, Dirk De Bacquer, Mette Aadahl, Line Lund Kårhus, Anette Sjøl, Lars Bo Andersen, Jussi Kauhanen, Ari Voutilainen, Richard Pulsford, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Uri Goldbourt, Annette Peters, Barbara Thorand, Annika Rosengren, Lena Björck, Kyle Sprow, Kristin Franzon, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Leila Luján-Barroso, Lars Alfredsson, Martin Bahls, Till Ittermann, Miriam Wanner, Matthias Bopp, Jacob Louis Marott, Peter Schnohr, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Knut Eirik Dalene, Ulf Ekelund, Johan Clausen, Magnus T. Jensen, Christina Bjørk Petersen, Niklas Krause, Jos Twisk, Willem van Mechelen, Allard J. van der Beek","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100987","url":null,"abstract":"There is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations for leisure-time physical activity among workers across various occupational physical activity levels. This study aimed to assess the association of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ben Singh,Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez,Bruno G G da Costa,José Castro-Piñero,Jean-Philippe Chaput,Magdalena Cuenca-García,Carol Maher,Nuria Marín-Jiménez,Ryan McGrath,Pablo Molina-Garcí,Jonathan Myers,Bethany Gower,Francisco B Ortega,Justin J Lang,Grant R Tomkinson
{"title":"Comparison of objectively measured and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness to predict all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 studies representing 35 cohorts and 3.8 million observations.","authors":"Ben Singh,Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez,Bruno G G da Costa,José Castro-Piñero,Jean-Philippe Chaput,Magdalena Cuenca-García,Carol Maher,Nuria Marín-Jiménez,Ryan McGrath,Pablo Molina-Garcí,Jonathan Myers,Bethany Gower,Francisco B Ortega,Justin J Lang,Grant R Tomkinson","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100986","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a powerful health marker recommended by the American Heart Association as a clinical vital sign. Comparing the predictive validity of objectively measured CRF (the \"gold standard\") and estimated CRF is clinically relevant because estimated CRF is more feasible. Our objective was to meta-analyze cohort studies to compare the associations of objectively measured, exercise-estimated, and non-exercise-estimated CRF with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in adults.METHODSSystematic searches were conducted in 9 databases (MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library) up to April 11, 2024. We included full-text refereed cohort studies published in English that quantified the association (using risk estimates with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs)) of objectively measured, exercise-estimated, and non-exercise-estimated CRF with all-cause and CVD mortality in adults. CRF was expressed as metabolic equivalents (METs) of task. Pooled relative risks (RR) for all-cause and CVD mortality per 1-MET (3.5 mL/kg/min) higher level of CRF were quantified using random-effects models.RESULTSForty-two studies representing 35 cohorts and 3,813,484 observations (81% male) (362,771 all-cause and 56,471 CVD deaths) were included. The pooled RRs for all-cause and CVD mortality per higher MET were 0.86 (95%CI: 0.83-0.88) and 0.84 (95%CI: 0.80-0.87), respectively. For both all-cause and CVD mortality, there were no statistically significant differences in RR per higher MET between objectively measured (RR range: 0.86-0.90) and maximal exercise-estimated (RR range: 0.85-0.86), submaximal exercise-estimated (RR range: 0.91-0.94), and non-exercise-estimated CRF (RR range: 0.81-0.85).CONCLUSIONObjectively measured and estimated CRF showed similar dose-response associations for all-cause and CVD mortality in adults. Estimated CRF could provide a practical and robust alternative to objectively measured CRF for assessing mortality risk across diverse populations. Our findings underscore the health-related benefits of higher CRF and advocate for its integration into clinical practice to enhance risk stratification.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"100986"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Commentary on “Association of accelerometer-measured sleep duration and different intensities of physical activity with incident type 2 diabetes in a population-based cohort study”","authors":"Barbara E. Ainsworth, Haili Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100984","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}