Journal of Sport and Health Science最新文献

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-powered social robots for promoting physical activity in older adults: A systematic review.","authors":"Jing Shen,Jiahua Yu,Hao Zhang,Michael A Lindsey,Ruopeng An","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101045","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe aging global population necessitates innovative strategies to enhance older adults' health and quality of life. Physical activity (PA) is crucial for healthy aging, yet many older adults struggle to exercise regularly. Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered social robots offer an interactive, engaging, and personalized solution to promote PA among this demographic. This systematic review investigates the role of AI-powered social robots in encouraging PA in older adults.METHODSWe conducted a systematic literature search in databases including PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, focusing on studies published until February 2024. We included peer-reviewed articles reporting empirical findings on designing, implementing, and evaluating AI-enabled social robots to promote PA among older adults. Studies were conducted in nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, community centers, and home environments.RESULTSA total of 19 studies were included in the review. Analysis reveals that AI-powered social robots effectively motivate older adults to engage in PAs, leading to increased exercise adherence, higher engagement levels, and extended training durations. Social robots have demonstrated effectiveness across various environments, including nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, community centers, home environments, and elder care facilities. In structured environments like nursing homes and rehabilitation centers, robots help maintain regular exercise routines, improving adherence and recovery outcomes. In community and elder care centers, robots promote PA and social engagement by facilitating group exercises and enhancing participation. In home environments, robots provide personalized support for daily activities, offering reminders and engagement, which fosters long-term activity engagement. User acceptance and satisfaction are high, with participants finding the robots engaging and enjoyable. Additionally, several studies indicate potential health benefits, such as improved medication adherence, better sleep patterns, and enhanced overall well-being. Nevertheless, additional research is imperative to address unresolved issues concerning the technological maintenance costs, design constraints, and adaptability of AI-powered social robots to specific user demographics.CONCLUSIONAI-powered social robots play a promising role in promoting PA among older adults, enhancing their health, well-being, and independence. This review provides insights for researchers, designers, and healthcare professionals developing AI-enabled social robotic systems for older adults.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"16 1","pages":"101045"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143885481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of acute exercise or short-term exercise interventions on metabolic markers during experimentally-induced sleep loss in humans: A systematic literature review.","authors":"Vinicius S Faria,Laura McManus,Anna Donnla O'Hagan,Brendan Egan","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101044","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDExercise has positive impacts on metabolic health, whereas sleep loss has potentially negative impacts. This systematic literature review investigates whether acute and short-term exercise interventions can mitigate negative effects of experimentally-induced sleep loss on metabolic markers in humans.METHODSA systematic search (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane) following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines was conducted up to June 2024 for studies that compared glucose and insulin concentrations, insulin sensitivity, skeletal muscle gene expression, and other molecular markers following an acute or short-term (<14 days) exercise intervention during experimentally-induced sleep loss in adult humans. Articles were considered for inclusion and assessed for eligibility using the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study design) framework, and critically appraised with the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool.RESULTSOf the identified records, 4026 records were screened, with 12 studies meeting all the inclusion criteria and including 177 participants. Sleep intervention varied from a single night of total sleep deprivation to 5 consecutive nights of 4-h sleep opportunity (e.g., early or late sleep restriction), while exercise intervention varied in terms of model (walking/running, cycling, and resistance exercise), volume (e.g., minute to hour), and intensity (e.g., maximum efforts to low-intensity exercise). Most studies indicated a negative effect of insufficient sleep on glucose and insulin concentration as well as mitochondrial adaptations, whereas exercise had a positive impact, mitigating the negative effects on the aforementioned parameters.CONCLUSIONExercise is likely to be effective as a therapeutic intervention for mitigating the negative effects of sleep loss on metabolic markers, at least in short-term intervention studies.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"101044"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arrhythmias and structural remodeling in lifelong and retired master endurance athletes.","authors":"Paolo D'Ambrosio,Jarne De Paepe,Kristel Janssens,Amy M Mitchell,Stephanie J Rowe,Luke W Spencer,Tim Van Puyvelde,Jan Bogaert,Olivier Ghekiere,Rik Pauwels,Lieven Herbots,Tomas Robyns,Peter M Kistler,Jonathan M Kalman,Hein Heidbuchel,Rik Willems,Guido Claessen,André La Gerche","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101043","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDA greater prevalence of arrhythmias has been described in endurance athletes, but it remains unclear whether this risk persists after detraining. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of arrhythmias and their relationship with cardiac remodeling in lifelong and retired master endurance athletes compared to non-athletic controls.METHODSWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of observational studies that used echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance to detail cardiac structure and function, and Holter monitors to identify atrial and ventricular arrhythmias in 185 endurance athletes and 81 non-athletic controls aged ≥ 40 years. Athletes were categorised as active lifelong (n = 144) or retired (n = 41) based on hours per week of high-intensity endurance exercise within 5 years of enrollment and validated by percentage of predicted maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Athletes with overt cardiomyopathies, channelopathies, pre-excitation, and/or myocardial infarction were excluded.RESULTSLifelong athletes (median age = 55 years (interquartile range (IQR): 46-62), 79% male) were significantly fitter than retired athletes (median age = 66 years (IQR: 58-71), 95% male) and controls (median age = 53 years (IQR: 48-60), 96% male), respectively (predicted VO2max: 131% ± 18% vs. 99% ± 14% vs. 98% ± 15%, p < 0.001). Compared to controls, athletes in our cohort had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation ((AF): 32% vs. 0%, p < 0.001) and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia ((NSVT): 9% vs. 1%, p < 0.001). There was no difference in prevalence of any arrhythmia between lifelong and retired athletes. Lifelong athletes had larger ventricular volumes than retired athletes, who had ventricular volumes similar to controls (left ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed to body surface area (LVEDVi): 101 ± 20 mL/m2vs. 86 ± 16 mL/m2vs. 94 ± 18 mL/m2, p < 0.001; right ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed to body surface area (RVEDVi): 117 ± 23 mL/m2vs. 101 ± 19 mL/m2vs. 100 ± 19 mL/m2, p < 0.001). Athletes had more scar (40% vs. 18%, p = 0.002) and larger left atria (median volume = 45 mL/m2 (IQR: 38-52) vs. 31 mL/m2 (IQR: 25-38), p < 0.001) than controls, with no difference in atrial volumes and non-ischaemic scar between the athlete groups.CONCLUSIONMaster endurance athletes have a higher prevalence of AF and NSVT than non-athletic controls. Whereas ventricular remodeling tends to reverse with detraining, the propensity to arrhythmias persists regardless of whether they are actively exercising or retired.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"101043"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on “International norms for adult handgrip strength: A systematic review of data on 2.4 million adults aged 20 to 100+ years from 69 countries and regions”","authors":"Barbara E. Ainsworth, Zhining Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise-induced extracellular vesicles delay tumor development by igniting inflammation in an immunologically cold triple-negative breast cancer mouse model.","authors":"Agata Mlynska,Neringa Dobrovolskiene,Karolina Suveizde,Gabija Lukaseviciute,Krizia Sagini,Beatriz Martin Gracia,Silvana Romero,Alicia Llorente,Aija Line,Austeja Butkute,Beatrice Gudaite,Tomas Venckunas,Nijole Matuseviciene,Vita Pasukoniene","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101041","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPreclinical studies demonstrate that exercise reduces tumor incidence and growth. Rapid release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) during exercise suggests their potential role as mediators of exercise-induced systemic effects and physiological adaptation. This study investigated the impact of exercise-induced plasma EVs on tumor growth and immune tumor microenvironment in murine models of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): EO771 (a C57BL/6-derived TNBC cell line) and 4T1 (a BALB/c-derived TNBC cell line).METHODSSize exclusion chromatography was used to isolate exercise-induced EVs from plasma of healthy female mice (BALB/c and C56BL/6, n = 30 per strain) that underwent ten 30-min moderate-intensity treadmill running sessions over 2 weeks. Nanoparticle tracking analysis, Western blot, and electron microscopy confirmed the presence of EVs in the samples. Tumor-bearing mice (n = 72 per strain) were administered with exercise-induced EVs before or/and after tumor implantation. Local and systemic immune responses were assessed using flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).RESULTSAdministration of exercise-induced EVs, particularly before tumor implantation, significantly suppressed tumor growth and reduced tumor burden in both TNBC models. In EO771, endpoint tumor volumes were 278-330 mm³ in treated groups compared to 799 mm³ in untreated (p < 0.0001), while in 4T1, treated groups showed volumes of 287-564 mm³ vs. 696 mm³ in untreated (p = 0.0002). Notable differences in tumor-infiltrating lymphoid and myeloid cell subpopulations indicated immunomodulatory effects of exercise-induced EVs, particularly in the 4T1 model, where their continuous administration significantly increased intratumoral cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) T lymphocyte proportion (5.77% vs. 0.90% in untreated, p < 0.0001). Similarly, in the EO771 model, exercise-induced EVs administered before tumor implantation led to a marked rise in intratumoral CD8 T lymphocytes (2.24% vs. 1.08% in untreated, p = 0.0181).CONCLUSIONOur findings indicate that exercise-induced EV treatment elicits a pro-inflammatory antitumor immune response, suggesting a shift of immunologically cold TNBC tumors towards a more inflamed phenotype associated with better outcomes. Our study supports the further investigation of EVs as modulators of antitumor immunity and their potential utility in enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"247 1","pages":"101041"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, grip strength, and grip strength asymmetry with incident musculoskeletal disorders in 406,080 White adults.","authors":"Yuexin Yu,Yulong Tang,Xiangnan Li,Zixin Hu,Li Jin,Jiucun Wang,Shuai Jiang,Hui Zhang,Jing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101040","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent a significant global health burden. While physical activity (PA) and physical fitness are both thought to reduce MSD risk, their independent and joint associations with MSD incidence have not been fully explored. This study investigated the independent and combined effects of PA, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), grip strength (GS), and GS asymmetry on MSD incidence in a large prospective cohort.METHODSWe analyzed data from the UK Biobank cohort (2006-2023), including 406,080 participants aged 37-73 years (age = 55.7 ± 8.2 years, mean ± SD; 53.0% female) who were free of MSD at baseline and during the first 2 years of follow-up. PA, derived from self-reported data and expressed in total metabolic equivalent hours per week (MET-h/week); CRF (watts (W)/kilogram (kg)), measured using a cycling exercise test; and GS (kg), measured by hydraulic hand dynamometer, were included as exposures. GS asymmetry was defined by the left-to-right hand strength ratio. MSD incidence was determined via hospital records. Time-to-event associations were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models with restricted cubic splines to account for non-linear relationships. The analysis was conducted in April 2024.RESULTSOver a median follow-up of 14.7 years, a total of 73,002 incident cases of MSDs were recorded (rheumatoid arthritis: 2923; osteoarthritis: 54,955; degenerative spinal diseases: 15,124). Lower self-reported PA (<4.8 MET-h/week) was associated with increased MSD risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.07, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.07-1.08). Low CRF (<1.7 W/kg; HR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.06-1.13), low GS (<30.0 kg mean GS; HR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.10-1.13), and GS asymmetry (HR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.08-1.13) were also significantly associated with increased MSD risk. Good CRF and GS, and lower GS asymmetry mitigated the higher MSD risk associated with low PA levels.CONCLUSIONLow levels of PA, CRF, GS, and GS asymmetry were associated with a higher risk of incident MSD. Meanwhile, improvements in CRF, GS, and GS balance could help offset the risk of MSD incidence in populations with insufficient PA.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"101040"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Prevotella copri abundance linked to elevated post-exercise inflammation.","authors":"David C Nieman, Camila A Sakaguchi, James C Williams, Jackie Lawson, Kevin C Lambirth, Ashraf M Omar, Fayaj A Mulani, Qibin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to examine the linkage between gut microbiome taxa and exercise-induced inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five cyclists provided 4 stool samples during a 10-week period and cycled vigorously for 2.25 h at 67% maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) in a laboratory setting. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-exercise, with additional samples collected at 1.5-h, 3-h, and 24-h post exercise. Primary outcomes included stool microbiome composition and alpha diversity via whole genome shotgun (WGS) sequencing (averaged from 4 stool samples) and a targeted panel of 75 plasma oxylipins. A total of 5719 taxa were identified, and the 339 that were present in more than 20% of stool samples were used in the analysis. Alpha diversity was calculated by evenness, and the Analysis of Composition of Microbiomes (ANCOM) differential abundance analysis was performed using Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology-2 (QIIME2). A composite variable was calculated from 8 pro-inflammatory oxylipins generated from arachidonic acid (ARA) and cytochrome P-450 (CYP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ARA-CYP oxylipins were significantly elevated for at least 3-h post-exercise (p < 0.001); they were strongly and positively related to Prevotella copri (P. copri) abundance (R² = 0.676, p < 0.001) and negatively related to gut microbiome alpha diversity (R² = 0.771, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This analysis revealed for the first time a novel, positive relationship between gut microbiome P. copri abundance in cyclists and post-exercise pro-inflammatory oxylipins. These data demonstrate that about two-thirds of the wide variance in inflammation following prolonged and intensive exercise is largely explained by the abundance of a single gut bacterial species: P. copri.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101039"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Should workers be physically active after work? Associations of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels-An individual participant data meta-analysis\" (J Sport Health Sci 14 [2025] 100987).","authors":"Bart Cillekens, Pieter Coenen, Maaike A Huysmans, Andreas Holtermann, Richard P Troiano, Paul Jarle Mork, Steinar Krokstad, Els Clays, Dirk De Bacquer, Mette Aadahl, Line Lund Kårhus, Anette Sjøl, Lars Bo Andersen, Jussi Kauhanen, Ari Voutilainen, Richard Pulsford, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Uri Goldbourt, Annette Peters, Barbara Thorand, Annika Rosengren, Lena Björck, Kyle Sprow, Kristin Franzon, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Leila Luján-Barroso, Lars Alfredsson, Martin Bahls, Till Ittermann, Miriam Wanner, Matthias Bopp, Jacob Louis Marott, Peter Schnohr, Børge G Nordestgaard, Knut Eirik Dalene, Ulf Ekelund, Johan Clausen, Magnus T Jensen, Christina Bjørk Petersen, Niklas Krause, Jos Twisk, Willem van Mechelen, Allard J van der Beek","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101037"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits and harms of exercise therapy and physical activity for low back pain: An umbrella review.","authors":"Josielli Comachio, Paula R Beckenkamp, Emma Kwan-Yee Ho, Christina Abdel Shaheed, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Manuela Loureiro Ferreira, Qianwen Lan, Paul Jarle Mork, Andreas Holtermann, Daniel Xin Mo Wang, Paulo H Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this umbrella review was to synthesize the evidence from systematic reviews on the benefits and harms of exercise therapy and physical activity (PA) for the secondary prevention and management of low back pain (LBP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An umbrella review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise therapy and PA in the management and secondary prevention of LBP. A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), including reference lists of relevant reviews, covering studies published between January 1, 2010 and May 20, 2024. Eligible studies were systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials and observational studies, with or without meta-analyses. The primary outcome for secondary prevention was LBP recurrence, while for management, primary outcomes included pain intensity and disability, with adverse events as secondary outcomes. Data were extracted across immediate, short-term, intermediate, and long-term follow-up periods. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework was used to assess the certainty of evidence, and the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews tool (AMSTAR) tool was applied by 2 independent reviewers (JC, QL, and/or DXMW) to evaluate the quality of the included reviews. The study was prospectively registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 70 systematic reviews were included, 43 with meta-analyses, 7 with network meta-analyses, and 20 without meta-analyses. Six (out of 10) reviews with meta-analyses for secondary prevention indicated a small benefit from general exercises and leisure-time PA (low-to-moderate certainty). For LBP management, 35 (out of 36) reviews reported that exercise therapies such as Pilates, motor control, mixed exercise, Tai Chi, water-based exercises, and yoga showed small beneficial effects on pain and disability compared to minimal intervention mainly in the short-term (low-to-moderate certainty). Seven network meta-analyses favored motor control and Pilates over other forms of exercise to reduce pain (low certainty). Adverse events were reported in less than 31% of the reviews, predominantly involving post-exercise soreness and temporary increases in pain, mainly in yoga-related studies. Adverse events were considered minor, and no serious adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is low-to-moderate certainty that exercise therapy and leisure-time PA are beneficial for improving pain and preventing the recurrence of LBP. However, evidence on the potential harms of these interventions is limited, and adverse events related to exercise and PA remain under-investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101038"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise on inflammation, circulating tumor cells, and circulating tumor DNA in colorectal cancer.","authors":"Justin C Brown, Stephanie L E Compton, Andrew Kang, Anjana Jayaraman, L Anne Gilmore, Brian J Kirby, Frank L Greenway, Shengping Yang, Guillaume Spielmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The biological mechanisms by which postdiagnosis physical activity improves disease-free survival in colorectal cancer survivors remain incompletely understood. This trial tested the hypothesis that 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, when compared with a control group, would change inflammation, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in a manner consistent with an improved cancer prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This trial randomized Stages I-III colorectal cancer survivors to 12 weeks of home-based moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or a waitlist control group. The co-primary endpoints were high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), secondary endpoints were soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 2 (sTNFαR2) and CTCs, and the exploratory endpoint was tumor fraction quantified from ctDNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty subjects were randomized (age = 60.6 ± 10.8 years, mean ± SD; 39 (65%) females; 46 (77%) colonic primary tumor), and 59 (98%) subjects completed the study. Over 12 weeks, exercise adherence was 92% (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 86‒99). Exercise improved submaximal fitness capacity (0.36 metabolic equivalents; 95%CI: 0.05‒0.67; p = 0.025) and objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (34.8%, 95%CI: 11.3‒63.1; p = 0.002) compared to control. Exercise did not change hs-CRP (20.9%, 95%CI: -17.1 to 76.2; p = 0.32), IL-6 (11.4%, 95%CI: -7.5 to 34.0; p = 0.25), or sTNFαR2 (-3.6%, 95%CI: -13.7 to 7.7; p = 0.52) compared to control. In the subgroup of subjects with elevated baseline hs-CRP (n = 35, 58.3%), aerobic exercise reduced hs-CRP (-35.5%, 95%CI: -55.3 to -3.8; p = 0.031). Exercise did not change CTCs (0.59 cells/mL, 95%CI: -0.33 to 1.51; p = 0.21) or tumor fraction (0.0005, 95%CI: -0.0024 to 0.0034; p = 0.73). In exploratory analyses, higher aerobic exercise adherence correlated with a reduction in CTCs (ρ = -0.37, 95%CI: -0.66 to -0.08; p = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Colorectal cancer survivors achieved high adherence to a home-based moderate-intensity aerobic exercise prescription that improved fitness capacity and physical activity but did not reduce inflammation or change tumor endpoints from a liquid biopsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101036"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12341639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}