New Phytologist最新文献

{"title":"Allelochemicals and soil microorganisms jointly mediate sex-specific belowground interactions in dioecious Populus cathayana","authors":"Zhichao Xia,&nbsp;Yue He,&nbsp;Helena Korpelainen,&nbsp;Ülo Niinemets,&nbsp;Chunyang Li","doi":"10.1111/nph.19224","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.19224","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Little is known about how sex differences in root zone characteristics, such as contents of allelochemicals and soil microbial composition, mediate intra- and intersexual interactions in dioecious plants.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>We examined the processes and mechanisms of sex-specific belowground interactions mediated by allelochemicals and soil microorganisms in <i>Populus cathayana</i> females and males in replicated 30-yr-old experimental stands <i>in situ</i> and in a series of controlled experiments.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Female roots released a greater amount and more diverse phenolic allelochemicals into the soil environment, resulting in growth inhibition of the same sex neighbors and deterioration of the community of soil microorganisms. When grown with males, the growth of females was consistently enhanced, especially the root growth. Compared with female monocultures, the presence of males reduced the total phenolic accumulation in the soil, resulting in a shift from allelopathic inhibition to chemical facilitation. This association was enhanced by a favorable soil bacterial community and increased bacterial diversity, and it induced changes in the orientation of female roots.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Our study highlighted a novel mechanism that enhances female performance by males through alterations in the allelochemical content and soil microbial composition. The possibility to improve productivity by chemical mediation provides novel opportunities for managing plantations of dioecious plants.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10416026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The CAP superfamily protein PsCAP1 secreted by Phytophthora triggers immune responses in Nicotiana benthamiana through a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein","authors":"Haibin Jiang,&nbsp;Yeqiang Xia,&nbsp;Sicong Zhang,&nbsp;Zhichao Zhang,&nbsp;Hui Feng,&nbsp;Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Xi Chen,&nbsp;Junhua Xiao,&nbsp;Sen Yang,&nbsp;Mengzhu Zeng,&nbsp;Zhaodan Chen,&nbsp;Haibing Ouyang,&nbsp;Xinyi He,&nbsp;Guangzheng Sun,&nbsp;Jinbin Wu,&nbsp;Suomeng Dong,&nbsp;Wenwu Ye,&nbsp;Zhenchuan Ma,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Yuanchao Wang","doi":"10.1111/nph.19194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19194","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The role of cysteine-rich secretory proteins, antigen 5, and pathogenesis-related 1 (CAP) superfamily proteins in the innate immune responses of mammals is well characterized. However, the biological function of CAP superfamily proteins in plant–microbe interactions is poorly understood.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>We used proteomics and transcriptome analyses to dissect the apoplastic effectors secreted by the oomycete <i>Phytophthora sojae</i> during early infection of soybean leaves. By transiently expressing these effectors in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>, we identified PsCAP1, a novel type of secreted CAP protein that triggers immune responses in multiple solanaceous plants including <i>N. benthamiana</i>. This secreted CAP protein is conserved among oomycetes, and multiple PsCAP1 homologs can be recognized by <i>N. benthamiana</i>.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>PsCAP1-triggered immune responses depend on the N-terminal immunogenic fragment (aa 27–151). Pretreatment of <i>N. benthamiana</i> with PsCAP1 or the immunogenic fragment increases plant resistance against <i>Phytophthora</i>. The recognition of PsCAP1 and different homologs requires the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein RCAP1, which associates with two central receptor-like kinases BRI1-associated receptor kinase 1 (BAK1) and suppressor of BIR1-1 (SOBIR1) <i>in planta</i>.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>These findings suggest that the CAP-type apoplastic effectors act as an important player in plant–microbe interactions that can be perceived by plant membrane-localized receptor to activate plant resistance.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41081828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraspecific variation in realized dispersal probability and host quality shape nectar microbiomes","authors":"Jacob S. Francis,&nbsp;Tobias G. Mueller,&nbsp;Rachel L. Vannette","doi":"10.1111/nph.19195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19195","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Epiphytic microbes frequently affect plant phenotype and fitness, but their effects depend on microbe abundance and community composition. Filtering by plant traits and deterministic dispersal-mediated processes can affect microbiome assembly, yet their relative contribution to predictable variation in microbiome is poorly understood.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>We compared the effects of host-plant filtering and dispersal on nectar microbiome presence, abundance, and composition. We inoculated representative bacteria and yeast into 30 plants across four phenotypically distinct cultivars of <i>Epilobium canum</i>. We compared the growth of inoculated communities to openly visited flowers from a subset of the same plants.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>There was clear evidence of host selection when we inoculated flowers with synthetic communities. However, plants with the highest microbial densities when inoculated did not have the highest microbial densities when openly visited. Instead, plants predictably varied in the presence of bacteria, which was correlated with pollen receipt and floral traits, suggesting a role for deterministic dispersal.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>These findings suggest that host filtering could drive plant microbiome assembly in tissues where species pools are large and dispersal is high. However, deterministic differences in microbial dispersal to hosts may be equally or more important when microbes rely on an animal vector, dispersal is low, or arrival order is important.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41087758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spliceosomal protein U2B″ delays leaf senescence by enhancing splicing variant JAZ9β expression to attenuate jasmonate signaling in Arabidopsis","authors":"Qi Yang,&nbsp;Shuya Tan,&nbsp;Hou-Ling Wang,&nbsp;Ting Wang,&nbsp;Jie Cao,&nbsp;Hairong Liu,&nbsp;Yueqi Sha,&nbsp;Yaning Zhao,&nbsp;Xinli Xia,&nbsp;Hongwei Guo,&nbsp;Zhonghai Li","doi":"10.1111/nph.19198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19198","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The regulatory framework of leaf senescence is gradually becoming clearer; however, the fine regulation of this process remains largely unknown.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, genetic analysis revealed that U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein B (U2B″), a component of the spliceosome, is a negative regulator of leaf senescence. Mutation of U2B″ led to precocious leaf senescence, whereas overexpression of <i>U2B″</i> extended leaf longevity. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway was activated in the <i>u2b″</i> mutant. U2B″ enhances the generation of splicing variant JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN 9β (JAZ9β) with an intron retention in the Jas motif, which compromises its interaction with CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 and thus enhances the stability of JAZ9β protein. Moreover, JAZ9β could interact with MYC2 and obstruct its activity, thereby attenuating JA signaling. Correspondingly, overexpression of <i>JAZ9β</i> rescued the early senescence phenotype of the <i>u2b″</i> mutant.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Furthermore, JA treatment promoted expression of U2B″ that was found to be a direct target of MYC2. Overexpression of <i>MYC2</i> in the <i>u2b″</i> mutant resulted in a more pronounced premature senescence than that in wild-type plants.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Collectively, our findings reveal that the spliceosomal protein U2B″ fine-tunes leaf senescence by enhancing the expression of JAZ9β and thereby attenuating JA signaling.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41087606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orosomucoid proteins limit endoplasmic reticulum stress in plants","authors":"Ling-Yan Wang,&nbsp;Jian Li,&nbsp;Benqiang Gong,&nbsp;Rui-Hua Wang,&nbsp;Yi-Li Chen,&nbsp;Jian Yin,&nbsp;Chang Yang,&nbsp;Jia-Ting Lin,&nbsp;Hao-Zhuo Liu,&nbsp;Yubing Yang,&nbsp;Jianfeng Li,&nbsp;Chunyu Li,&nbsp;Nan Yao","doi":"10.1111/nph.19200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19200","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Sphingolipids are cell membrane components and signaling molecules that induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Orosomucoid proteins (ORMs) negatively regulate serine palmitoyltransferase activity, thus helping maintain proper sphingolipid levels in humans, yeast, and plants.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>In this report, we explored the roles of ORMs in regulating ER stress in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Loss of ORM1 and ORM2 function caused constitutive activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), as did treatment with the ceramide synthase inhibitor Fumonisin B1 (FB1) or ceramides. FB1 treatment induced the transcription factor bZIP28 to relocate from the ER membrane to the nucleus. The transcription factor WRKY75 positively regulates the UPR and physically interacted with bZIP28. We also found that the <i>orm</i> mutants showed impaired ER-associated degradation (ERAD), blocking the degradation of misfolded MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS-O 12 (MLO-12). ORM1 and ORM2 bind to EMS-MUTAGENIZED BRI1 SUPPRESSOR 7 (EBS7), a plant-specific component of the Arabidopsis ERAD complex, and regulate its stability. These data strongly suggest that ORMs in the ER membrane play vital roles in the UPR and ERAD pathways to prevent ER stress in Arabidopsis.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Our results reveal that ORMs coordinate sphingolipid homeostasis with ER quality control and play a role in stress responses.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41087603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic regulation of female germline development through ERECTA signaling pathway","authors":"Youmei Huang,&nbsp;Liping Liu,&nbsp;Mengnan Chai,&nbsp;Han Su,&nbsp;Suzhuo Ma,&nbsp;Kaichuang Liu,&nbsp;Yaru Tian,&nbsp;Zhuangyuan Cao,&nbsp;Xinpeng Xi,&nbsp;Wenhui Zhu,&nbsp;Jingang Qi,&nbsp;Ravishankar Palanivelu,&nbsp;Yuan Qin,&nbsp;Hanyang Cai","doi":"10.1111/nph.19217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19217","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Germline development is a key step in sexual reproduction. Sexual plant reproduction begins with the formation of haploid spores by meiosis of megaspore mother cells (MMCs). Although many evidences, directly or indirectly, show that epigenetics plays an important role in MMC specification, how it controls the commitment of the MMC to downstream stages of germline development is still unclear.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), western blot, immunofluorescence, and chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative PCR analyses were performed. Genetic interactions between BZR1 transcription factor family and the SWR1-SDG2-ER pathway in the control of female germline development were further studied.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>The present findings showed in Arabidopsis that two epigenetic factors, the chromatin remodeling complex SWI2/SNF2-RELATED 1 (SWR1) and a writer for H3K4me3 histone modification SET DOMAIN GROUP 2 (SDG2), genetically interact with the ERECTA (ER) receptor kinase signaling pathway and regulate female germline development by restricting the MMC cell fate to a single cell in the ovule primordium and ensure that only that single cell undergoes meiosis and subsequent megaspore degeneration. We also showed that SWR1-SDG2-ER signaling module regulates female germline development by promoting the protein accumulation of BZR1 transcription factor family on the promoters of primary miRNA processing factors, <i>HYPONASTIC LEAVES 1</i> (<i>HYL1</i>), <i>DICER-LIKE 1</i> (<i>DCL1</i>), and <i>SERRATE</i> (<i>SE</i>) to activate their expression.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Our study elucidated a Gene Regulation Network that provides new insights for understanding how epigenetic factors and receptor kinase signaling pathways function in concert to control female germline development in Arabidopsis.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41087608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordination of growth and drought responses by GA-ABA signaling in rice","authors":"Zhigang Liao,&nbsp;Yunchao Zhang,&nbsp;Qing Yu,&nbsp;Weicong Fang,&nbsp;Meiyao Chen,&nbsp;Tianfei Li,&nbsp;Yi Liu,&nbsp;Zaochang Liu,&nbsp;Liang Chen,&nbsp;Shunwu Yu,&nbsp;Hui Xia,&nbsp;Hong-Wei Xue,&nbsp;Hong Yu,&nbsp;Lijun Luo","doi":"10.1111/nph.19209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19209","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>The drought caused by global warming seriously affects the crop growth and agricultural production. Plants have evolved distinct strategies to cope with the drought environment. Under drought stress, energy and resources should be diverted from growth toward stress management.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>However, the molecular mechanism underlying coordination of growth and drought response remains largely elusive.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Here, we discovered that most of the gibberellin (GA) metabolic genes were regulated by water scarcity in rice, leading to the lower GA contents and hence inhibited plant growth. Low GA contents resulted in the accumulation of more GA signaling negative regulator SLENDER RICE 1, which inhibited the degradation of abscisic acid (ABA) receptor PYL10 by competitively binding to the co-activator of anaphase-promoting complex TAD1, resulting in the enhanced ABA response and drought tolerance.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>These results elucidate the synergistic regulation of crop growth inhibition and promotion of drought tolerance and survival, and provide useful genetic resource in breeding improvement of crop drought resistance.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41087546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An interplay between bZIP16, bZIP68, and GBF1 regulates nuclear photosynthetic genes during photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis","authors":"Louise Norén Lindb?ck,&nbsp;Yan Ji,&nbsp;Luis Cervela-Cardona,&nbsp;Xu Jin,&nbsp;Ullas V. Pedmale,&nbsp;?sa Strand","doi":"10.1111/nph.19219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19219","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nph.19219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41087549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QuantAS: a comprehensive pipeline to study alternative splicing by absolute quantification of splice isoforms","authors":"Yu-Chen Song,&nbsp;Mo-Xian Chen,&nbsp;Kai-Lu Zhang,&nbsp;Anireddy S. N. Reddy,&nbsp;Fu-Liang Cao,&nbsp;Fu-Yuan Zhu","doi":"10.1111/nph.19193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19193","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alternative splicing (AS) is a mechanism by which cells generate abundant protein diversity from a limited number of genes (Baralle &amp; Giudice, <span>2017</span>). AS plays a crucial role in regulating various life activities such as growth, development, and aging in plants (Zhu <i>et al</i>., <span>2017</span>; Godoy Herz &amp; Kornblihtt, <span>2019</span>; Jabre <i>et al</i>., <span>2019</span>; Chen <i>et al</i>., <span>2020</span>; Reddy <i>et al</i>., <span>2020</span>; Zhang <i>et al</i>., <span>2020</span>), where it greatly influences plant growth, development, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses (Motion <i>et al</i>., <span>2015</span>; Laloum <i>et al</i>., <span>2018</span>; Chaudhary <i>et al</i>., <span>2019</span>; Chen <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>; Ganie &amp; Reddy, <span>2021</span>; Saini <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>; Zhu <i>et al</i>., <span>2023</span>; Supporting Information Fig. S1). The traditional method for the identification of AS is semi-quantitative RT-PCR, which is easy to perform (Palusa <i>et al</i>., <span>2007</span>; Li <i>et al</i>., <span>2020</span>; Riegler <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>; Han <i>et al</i>., <span>2022</span>). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) is also widely used in AS research, as it enables real-time monitoring of fluorescence signals and accurate quantification of isoform copy numbers through the use of specific primers (Hefti <i>et al</i>., <span>2018</span>; Liu <i>et al</i>., <span>2018</span>; Huang <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>). With the emergence of digital PCR (dPCR), the identification methods of AS have become more diversified, which disperses each single target fragment into separate droplets as much as possible through the calculation of positive droplets (Fig. S2; Gao <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>).</p><p>Based on the urgent need for the accurate quantification of various isoforms, an AS detection method called QuantAS was established (Fig. 1), which allows us to accurately quantify all isoforms of genes based on absolute quantification technology and specific primer design. The method utilizes isoform-specific primers to overcome the isoform identification difficulty caused by different AS events and is designed by using the functional coding region as the isoform structure classification unit to ensure isoform independence (Fig. 2a). RT-qPCR enables real-time monitoring of changes in the fluorescence signal, quantification of differences between expression levels, and simultaneous detection of multiple in a single reaction. According to the copy number of different isoforms, isoform expression patterns can be identified by combining with absolute quantitative techniques. This method greatly increases the accuracy of identification and reduces the cost of repeated experiments. Furthermore, the absolute quantification of AS isoforms employing the combination of qPCR and dPCR could provide their respective advantages, thus rapidly obtaining all isoform info","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nph.19193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41087797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron-dependent regulation of leaf senescence: a key role for the H2B histone variant HTB4","authors":"Christian Dubos","doi":"10.1111/nph.19199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19199","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Iron is an essential micronutrient for plant growth and development, as well as for crop productivity and the quality of their derived products (Briat <i>et al</i>., <span>2015</span>). This is because iron is a co-factor for several metalloproteins involved in essential physiological processes such as respiration in mitochondria or photosynthesis in chloroplasts. In most soils, iron is present in the form of insoluble oxides/hydroxides rendering it poorly available to plants. To cope with this poor bioavailability, plants have evolved sophisticated strategies to take up iron from soils (Berger <i>et al</i>., <span>2023</span>; Li <i>et al</i>., <span>2023</span>). Arabidopsis plants preferentially use the reduction-based strategy (the so-called Strategy I), as do most dicots and nongraminous monocots. This strategy relies on the secretion of protons into the rhizosphere by AHA2 (ARABIDOPSIS H⁺ ATPASE 2) to decrease the pH of the soil solution and solubilize oxidized iron (Fe³⁺), which is then reduced to Fe²⁺ by FRO2 (ferric reduction oxidases 2), and subsequently taken up into the root by IRT1 (iron-regulated transporter 1). This process is tightly regulated since, in excess, iron is also detrimental to the plant because of its capacity to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the Fenton reaction.</p><p>The regulation of Iron homeostasis is well-conserved in plants, and is primarily controlled at the transcriptional level (Berger <i>et al</i>., <span>2023</span>; Li <i>et al</i>., <span>2023</span>). It relies on an intricate regulatory network involving several regulatory proteins, among which the bHLH (basic helix–loop–helix) transcription factors play a preponderant role (Fig. 1). For instance, Arabidopsis has 17 different bHLH proteins (from six bHLH clades) that regulate iron homeostasis. This regulatory network is composed of two modules. The first module relies on FIT/bHLH29 (FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; clade IIIa). FIT is a direct positive regulator of <i>FRO2</i> and <i>IRT1</i> expression (Fig. 1). To achieve its function, FIT interacts with bHLH38, bHLH39, bHLH100, and bHLH101 (clade Ib), forming heterodimers with partially overlapping roles. In the second module, another set of bHLH transcription factors positively regulate the expression of <i>FIT</i> and clade Ib bHLHs (Fig. 1). It involves ILR3/bHLH105 (iaa-leucine resistant 3), IDT1/bHLH34 (iron deficiency tolerant 1), bHLH104, bHLH115 from clade IVc, and URI/bLHL121 (UPSTREAM REGULATOR OF IRT1) from clade IVb (Tissot <i>et al</i>., <span>2019</span>; Gao <i>et al</i>., <span>2020</span>). By contrast, PYE/bHLH47 (POPEYE; clade IVb) is a negative regulator of clade Ib bHLH expression (Pu &amp; Liang, <span>2023</span>).</p><p>In their study, Yang <i>et al</i>. demonstrated that the H2B histone variant HTB4 negatively regulates leaf senescence in an iron-dependent manner. For instance, <i>HTB4</i> expression is in","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nph.19199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41081785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}