New Phytologist最新文献

Bacterial fitness for plant colonization is influenced by plant growth substrate. 细菌对植物定殖的适应性受植物生长基质的影响。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70617

Marta Torres, Morgan N Price, Albina Khasanova, Suzanne M Kosina, Kateryna Zhalnina, Trent R Northen, Adam M Deutschbauer

{"title":"Bacterial fitness for plant colonization is influenced by plant growth substrate.","authors":"Marta Torres, Morgan N Price, Albina Khasanova, Suzanne M Kosina, Kateryna Zhalnina, Trent R Northen, Adam M Deutschbauer","doi":"10.1111/nph.70617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70617","url":null,"abstract":"Despite advances in our understanding of bacterial plant colonization, the extent to which growth substrate influences the molecular mechanisms enabling bacteria to efficiently colonize plants remains poorly understood. To address this, we used randomly barcoded transposon mutagenesis sequencing (RB-TnSeq) in Paraburkholderia graminis OAS925, an efficient rhizosphere colonizer, and Brachypodium distachyon grown in six different substrates. Of the 382 rhizosphere colonization genes that we identified in OAS925, 348 genes (91.1%) are dependent on the growth substrate evaluated, and 34 genes (8.9%) are shared across all the substrates. Both the core and substrate-dependent colonization genes are from multiple functional categories, demonstrating the multifaceted and major impact that plant growth substrate has on bacterial colonization. The identified colonization genes and their varied importance across plant growth substrates could not be readily explained by differences in root exudate profiles, suggesting that the substrate environment itself plays an outsized role in the ability of a bacterium to colonize the rhizosphere. Our data confirm that bacterial fitness for plant colonization is strongly influenced by plant growth substrate type and highlights the importance of taking this parameter into consideration when engineering bacterial strains for improved host colonization.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA methylation contributes to plant acclimation to naturally fluctuating light. DNA甲基化有助于植物适应自然波动的光。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70567

Robyn A Emmerson, Philip Davey, Mouesanao Kandjoze, Ulrike Bechtold, Nicolae Radu Zabet, Tracy Lawson

{"title":"DNA methylation contributes to plant acclimation to naturally fluctuating light.","authors":"Robyn A Emmerson, Philip Davey, Mouesanao Kandjoze, Ulrike Bechtold, Nicolae Radu Zabet, Tracy Lawson","doi":"10.1111/nph.70567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70567","url":null,"abstract":"Plants in the natural environment experience continuous dynamic changes in light intensity. Here, we exposed Arabidopsis thaliana plants to naturally fluctuating light (FL) regimes alongside traditional square light (SQ) regimes such as those often found in control environment growth chambers. The physiological response was highly consistent across experiments in sibling plants, indicating the possibility of an epigenetic mechanism, leading us to investigate differences in DNA methylation. Our results identified a large number of changes in DNA methylation patterns between FL-acclimated plants and SQ-acclimated plants, demonstrating that natural fluctuations in light impact plant epigenetic mechanisms. Most importantly, there are more differences in DNA methylation patterns between different light pattern regimes than between different light intensities. These differences in DNA methylation were accompanied by significant changes in gene expression, some of which correlated with altered DNA methylation. One of these genes, MCCA, was found to significantly impact photosynthetic efficiency when knocked out. Thousands of transposable element (TE) copies were differentially methylated between light regimes. Interestingly, up to 30% of these TEs are linked to nearby differentially expressed genes. Our data suggest DNA methylation plays a role in acclimation to natural light, which may directly regulate gene expression and impact TE activation.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The protective role of chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex (NDH) against PSI photoinhibition under chilling stress. 低温胁迫下叶绿体NADH脱氢酶样复合物（NDH）对PSI光抑制的保护作用。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70573

Ko Takeuchi, Shintaro Harimoto, Yufen Che, Minoru Kumazawa, Hayato Satoh, Shu Maekawa, Chikahiro Miyake, Kentaro Ifuku

{"title":"The protective role of chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex (NDH) against PSI photoinhibition under chilling stress.","authors":"Ko Takeuchi, Shintaro Harimoto, Yufen Che, Minoru Kumazawa, Hayato Satoh, Shu Maekawa, Chikahiro Miyake, Kentaro Ifuku","doi":"10.1111/nph.70573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70573","url":null,"abstract":"Chilling stress induces photosystem I (PSI) photoinhibition in various plants, severely impairing their growth. However, the mechanisms suppressing chilling-induced PSI photoinhibition remain unclear. To identify factors preventing PSI photoinhibition, we compared two cucumber cultivars with different susceptibilities to PSI photoinhibition and chilling stress tolerance. Chilling stress caused uncoupling of thylakoid membrane in both cultivars, as previously reported. However, in the chilling-sensitive cultivar, electron efflux from ferredoxin (Fd) was more restricted under chilling stress, resulting in over-reduction of PSI. This over-reduction was observed not only under chilling stress but also under limited CO2 condition, suggesting that the lower alternative electron flow activity contributes to the cultivar difference in PSI photoinhibition. Indeed, the chilling-sensitive cultivar lost the activity of the chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex (NDH) due to destabilization of the PSI-NDH supercomplex under chilling stress, resulting in severe Fd over-reduction. By contrast, the chilling-tolerant cultivar maintained NDH activity and suppressed reactive oxygen species and PSI photoinhibition during chilling stress. This study provides evidence that NDH functions as a crucial electron sink to prevent PSI photoinhibition and provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying low-temperature stress tolerance.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural determinants for red-shifted absorption in higher-plants Photosystem I. 高等植物光系统中红移吸收的结构决定因素。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70562

Stefano Capaldi, Zeno Guardini, Daniele Montepietra, Vittorio Flavio Pagliuca, Antonello Amelii, Elena Betti, Chris John, Laura Pedraza-González, Lorenzo Cupellini, Benedetta Mennucci, Diane Marie Valerie Bonnet, Antonio Chaves-Sanjuan, Luca Dall'Osto, Roberto Bassi

{"title":"Structural determinants for red-shifted absorption in higher-plants Photosystem I.","authors":"Stefano Capaldi, Zeno Guardini, Daniele Montepietra, Vittorio Flavio Pagliuca, Antonello Amelii, Elena Betti, Chris John, Laura Pedraza-González, Lorenzo Cupellini, Benedetta Mennucci, Diane Marie Valerie Bonnet, Antonio Chaves-Sanjuan, Luca Dall'Osto, Roberto Bassi","doi":"10.1111/nph.70562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70562","url":null,"abstract":"Higher plants Photosystem I absorbs far-red light, enriched under vegetation canopies, through long-wavelength Chls to enhance photon capture. Far-red absorption originates from Chl pairs within the Lhca3 and Lhca4 subunits of the LHCI antenna, known as the 'red cluster', including Chls a603 and a609. We used reverse genetics to produce an Arabidopsis mutant devoid of red-shifted absorption, and we obtained high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy structures of PSI-LHCI complexes from both wild-type and mutant plants. Computed excitonic coupling values suggested contributions from additional nearby pigment molecules, namely Chl a615 and violaxanthin in the L2 site, to far-red absorption. We investigated the structural determinants of far-red absorption by producing further Arabidopsis transgenic lines and analyzed the spectroscopic effects of mutations targeting these chromophores. The two structures solved were used for quantum mechanics calculations, revealing that excitonic interactions alone cannot explain far-red absorption, while charge transfer states were needed for accurate spectral simulations. Our findings demonstrate that the molecular mechanisms of light-harvesting under shaded conditions rely on very precise tuning of chromophore interactions, whose understanding is crucial for designing light-harvesting complexes with engineered absorption spectra.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A circadian transcriptional subnetwork and EARLY FLOWERING 3 control timing of senescence and grain nutrition in bread wheat. 一个昼夜节律转录子网络和早花3控制面包小麦衰老时间和籽粒营养。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70565

Christopher R Buckley, Joshua M Boyte, Yalin Liu, Robert L Albiston, Jessica Hyles, Jesse T Beasley, Alexander A T Johnson, Ben Trevaskis, Alexandre Fournier-Level, Michael J Haydon

{"title":"A circadian transcriptional subnetwork and EARLY FLOWERING 3 control timing of senescence and grain nutrition in bread wheat.","authors":"Christopher R Buckley, Joshua M Boyte, Yalin Liu, Robert L Albiston, Jessica Hyles, Jesse T Beasley, Alexander A T Johnson, Ben Trevaskis, Alexandre Fournier-Level, Michael J Haydon","doi":"10.1111/nph.70565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70565","url":null,"abstract":"Circadian clocks control daily and seasonal timing of physiology and development. Because of their influence on photoperiodic flowering, variants in circadian clock genes have been selected for phenology during domestication of cereal crops. To explore the potential impact of this genetic variation on circadian-regulated traits, we investigated the relationship between the circadian clock and leaf senescence in hexaploid bread wheat. We phenotyped a collection of elite wheat cultivars for circadian rhythms, senescence and grain nutrition and used genotypes of multiple circadian clock genes to assign cultivars to circadian multilocus genotypes (MLGs). We compared the circadian-regulated transcriptomes in mature and senescent leaves by RNA sequencing and used near-isogenic lines (NILs) of a deletion in EARLY FLOWERING 3-D1 (ELF3-D1), a known phenology locus, to test for a functional contribution to the timing of senescence and grain protein content (GPC). We detected variation in circadian rhythms between wheat cultivars, which was significantly associated with the timing of senescence. We revealed substantial reorganisation of the circadian-regulated transcriptome during senescence and identified a transcriptional subnetwork representing a link between the circadian oscillator and regulators of leaf senescence. NILs of an ELF3-D1 deletion confirmed a significant effect on the timing of senescence and GPC. Our results demonstrate an important role for the circadian clock in controlling the timing of senescence in wheat, which highlights potential consequences of circadian clock genes selected for phenology on other valuable crop traits.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two plasmid-borne virulence genomic islands of Clavibacter michiganensis are genetically diverse and determine the development of wilt symptoms in host plants. 两个质粒携带的密歇根克拉维杆菌毒力基因组岛具有遗传多样性，并决定了宿主植物枯萎症状的发展。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70329

In Sun Hwang, Thuong Thi Nguyen, Eom-Ji Oh, Geonhui Cho, Jea Hyeoung Kim, Ki-Tae Kim, Yong-Hwan Lee, You-Kyoung Han, Chang-Sik Oh

{"title":"Two plasmid-borne virulence genomic islands of Clavibacter michiganensis are genetically diverse and determine the development of wilt symptoms in host plants.","authors":"In Sun Hwang, Thuong Thi Nguyen, Eom-Ji Oh, Geonhui Cho, Jea Hyeoung Kim, Ki-Tae Kim, Yong-Hwan Lee, You-Kyoung Han, Chang-Sik Oh","doi":"10.1111/nph.70329","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.70329","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmids contribute to the efficient adaptation of bacteria to specific niches in nature. The gram-positive bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis carries two plasmid-borne important virulence genes, celA and pat-1, necessary for wilting in tomato. The 88 C. michiganensis field isolates collected between 2011 and 2020 were examined for phenotypic variation, including virulence in host plants. Four isolates lacking plasmids with celA, pat-1, or both failed to cause wilting, and nine isolates, including these four, failed to cause wilting in Nicotiana benthamiana. Whole genome analyses revealed 11 distinct plasmid types, including 9 newly identified, and 10 bacterial groups with different plasmid compositions, despite having almost identical chromosomes. Comparative genomic analyses revealed significant genetic diversity among the plasmids, while three plasmids containing the genomic island (GI) α with celA or GIβ with pat-1 and three newly identified plasmids carrying both islands shared large blocks of synteny. In addition, GIα is closely associated with mobile genetic elements, suggesting the genetic rearrangement or transfer at this locus. These results suggest that C. michiganensis harbors a wide variety of virulence and nonvirulence plasmids, and that there is genetic rearrangement among plasmids in GI regions, determining bacterial virulence in plants.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":"2293-2311"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12329172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cryptic CAM photosynthesis in Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia, Y. jaegeriana). 约书亚树（Yucca brevifolia， Y. jaegeriana）的隐CAM光合作用。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70437

Karolina Heyduk, Sara Sciulla, Bridget Hennessy, Madeline Czymmek, Edward V McAssey, Chase Kane, G Young Kim, Ifeoluwa Sogunle, Lulu Heublein, Dhriti Sriram, Bryan MacNeill, Michael T Hren, Todd C Esque, Jeremy B Yoder, Michael R McKain, Christopher Irwin Smith, Lesley A DeFalco

{"title":"Cryptic CAM photosynthesis in Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia, Y. jaegeriana).","authors":"Karolina Heyduk, Sara Sciulla, Bridget Hennessy, Madeline Czymmek, Edward V McAssey, Chase Kane, G Young Kim, Ifeoluwa Sogunle, Lulu Heublein, Dhriti Sriram, Bryan MacNeill, Michael T Hren, Todd C Esque, Jeremy B Yoder, Michael R McKain, Christopher Irwin Smith, Lesley A DeFalco","doi":"10.1111/nph.70437","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.70437","url":null,"abstract":"Joshua trees are long-lived perennial monocots native to the Mojave Desert in North America. Composed of two species, Yucca brevifolia and Y. jaegeriana (Asparagaceae), Joshua trees are imperiled by climate change, with decreases in suitable habitat predicted under future climate change scenarios. Relatively little is understood about the ecophysiology of Joshua trees across their range, including the extent to which populations are locally adapted or phenotypically plastic to environmental stress. Plants in our common gardens showed evidence of Crassulacean acid metabolism photosynthesis (CAM) in a pilot experiment, despite no prior report of this photosynthetic pathway in these species. We further studied the variation and strength of CAM within a single common garden, measuring seedlings representing populations across the range of the two species. A combination of physiology and transcriptomic data showed low levels of CAM that varied across populations but were unrelated to home environmental conditions. Gene expression confirmed CAM activity and further suggested differences in carbon and nitrogen metabolism between Y. brevifolia and Y. jaegeriana. Together the results suggest greater physiological diversity between these species than initially expected, particularly at the seedling stage, with implications for future survival of Joshua trees under a warming climate.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144876337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Whole genome sequencing of historical specimens from the world's largest fungal collection yields high-quality assemblies. 来自世界上最大的真菌收藏的历史标本的全基因组测序产生高质量的组装。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70472

Torda Varga, Roseina Woods, Frances Pitsillides, Rowena Hill, Alona Yu Biketova, Theo Llewellyn, Brandon J P Shaw, Emily Hodgson, Brigid Wong, Jasmine Le, Josepha Becker, Alexander J Bradshaw, Seth L E Blake, Clementine Geeves, Quentin Levicky, Lottie Goodman, Ruben L Mole, Sidney L Reed, M Carly Lin, Emily Read, Keenan Harris, Raquel Pino-Bodas, László G Nagy, Anna Bazzicalupo, Ester Gaya

{"title":"Whole genome sequencing of historical specimens from the world's largest fungal collection yields high-quality assemblies.","authors":"Torda Varga, Roseina Woods, Frances Pitsillides, Rowena Hill, Alona Yu Biketova, Theo Llewellyn, Brandon J P Shaw, Emily Hodgson, Brigid Wong, Jasmine Le, Josepha Becker, Alexander J Bradshaw, Seth L E Blake, Clementine Geeves, Quentin Levicky, Lottie Goodman, Ruben L Mole, Sidney L Reed, M Carly Lin, Emily Read, Keenan Harris, Raquel Pino-Bodas, László G Nagy, Anna Bazzicalupo, Ester Gaya","doi":"10.1111/nph.70472","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.70472","url":null,"abstract":"High-throughput molecular studies of museum specimens (museomics) have great potential in biodiversity research, but fungal historical collections have scarcely been examined, leading to no comprehensive methodological assessments. Here we present a whole genome sequencing (WGS) project conducted at the Fungarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. DNA was extracted from 2104 specimens collected between 1770 and 2023, and we found that the specimen age had the smallest effect, while DNA purification and taxonomic identity had the greatest effect on DNA yield. We barcoded 771 specimens, and WGS was conducted on a subset of 394 specimens that were empirically selected for in-depth analysis. We developed an automated assembly pipeline, integrating 16 different approaches. Starting from 220 libraries (excluding lichenised specimens), we produced 3143 assemblies using these approaches and found that there is no universal assembly method that can provide good-quality genomes for all; rather, different approaches should be used depending on the library size and the specimen's age. Producing high-quality genomes from specimens over 100 yr old is possible by using customised DNA extraction protocols and applying a multimethod bioinformatic approach. Whole genomes from historical collections will enrich genomics resources, accelerating biodiversity and evolutionary research, amongst others.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144876344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Host plant and soil nutrient filters mediate long-term grazing on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in desert grasslands. 寄主植物和土壤养分过滤器调节荒漠草原丛枝菌根真菌的长期放牧。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-08-17 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70481

Jiahua Zheng, Qi Wang, Bin Zhang, Feng Zhang, Shaoyu Li, Jirong Qiao, Yunga Wu, Jiaqing Xing, Ton Bisseling, Han Y H Chen, Guodong Han, Mengli Zhao

{"title":"Host plant and soil nutrient filters mediate long-term grazing on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in desert grasslands.","authors":"Jiahua Zheng, Qi Wang, Bin Zhang, Feng Zhang, Shaoyu Li, Jirong Qiao, Yunga Wu, Jiaqing Xing, Ton Bisseling, Han Y H Chen, Guodong Han, Mengli Zhao","doi":"10.1111/nph.70481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70481","url":null,"abstract":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance plant performance through improved nutrient acquisition, stress resilience, and pathogen resistance while strengthening ecosystem functions through soil structure stabilization and carbon sequestration. Livestock grazing is the dominant grassland land-use globally, but the effects of increased grazing intensity on AMF remain debated. Importantly, the mechanistic drivers of AMF responses to grazing intensity remain poorly understood, particularly in arid grasslands. Based on an 18-yr experiment with four grazing intensities (no grazing, light grazing, moderate grazing, and heavy grazing) in a desert grassland in Inner Mongolia, we examined the response of the AMF community to grazing and the mechanisms underlying the observed changes in AMF communities. AMF diversity, as well as the number of nodes, edges, and overall complexity of the AMF inter-species network, decreased progressively from no grazing to heavy grazing. Grazing also altered AMF community composition, with a significant increase in the abundance of the genus Glomus under heavy grazing. These changes in AMF communities were dominated by deterministic processes. Specifically, intensifying grazing is accompanied by reduced plant diversity and soil nutrient availability, as well as the prevalence of more stress-tolerant plant ecological strategies, all of which contribute to the simplification of AMF communities. Our results demonstrate that both host plants and soil nutrient availability are the key drivers shaping AMF communities in grazed desert grasslands. Given the important functions of AMF and the negative impacts of long-term grazing on it, there is an urgency to promote diverse grazing systems and reduce grazing pressure to improve grassland management.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144876339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When the novelty wears off: enemy spillover drives plant invasion success. 当新鲜感消退时：敌人的溢出效应推动了植物入侵的成功。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-08-17 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70486

Ian A Dickie, Warwick J Allen, Lauren P Waller

引用次数: 0