New Phytologist最新文献

{"title":"Xin Cheng.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/nph.71032","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.71032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":"2775-2777"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global bioregionalisation for orchids.","authors":"Derio Antonio Jiménez-López, Santiago Ramírez-Barahona, Alexander Zizka, Michael Kessler, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, Susana Maza-Villalobos, Maria Judith Carmona-Higuita, André Luís de Gasper, Michael F Fay, Glenda Mendieta-Leiva, Neptalí Ramírez-Marcial","doi":"10.1111/nph.71093","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.71093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioregionalisation is a hierarchical system that categorises geographical areas according to their biotic composition and evolutionary history. While a global bioregionalisation has been proposed for angiosperms, this is lacking for plant families with global relevance, such as orchids. We used 732 359 orchid distribution records and a phylogeny of 19 123 species to define the global bioregionalisation of orchids based on phylogenetic beta diversity at 200 × 200 km resolution. Using the resulting bioregionalisation, we analysed the environmental drivers that determine the formation of realms. Additionally, we assessed the effect of sampling completeness, different metrics, and spatial resolutions. We identified six global orchid realms (Australian, Andean-Patagonian, Neotropical, Afrotropical, Indo-Malaysian, and Holarctic) and 10 bioregions; four main transition zones were also detected. Mean annual precipitation and temperature, and precipitation and temperature seasonality, had the strongest influence on the delimitation of realms. We present a global bioregionalisation for orchids, identifying the environmental factors that determine the realms. More generally, these results highlight the importance of bioregionalisation for understanding evolutionary patterns of taxonomic families. Using a comprehensive seven-step methodology, we emphasize the need to account for sampling completeness and spatial resolution in such analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":"3444-3459"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vast, overlooked peat, and organic soils in Brazil's Cerrado: carbon storage, dynamics, and stability.","authors":"Larissa S Verona, Amy E Zanne, Susan Trumbore, Paulo N Bernardino, Guilherme M Alencar, Thalia Andreuccetti, David Herrera-Ramírez, João C F Cardoso, Demetrius Lira-Martins, Guilherme G Mazzochini, Natashi Pilon, Rafael S Oliveira","doi":"10.1111/nph.71027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.71027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tropical peatlands are critical for climate mitigation due to their dual role as major carbon sinks and methane sources. In rainforests, high and stable rainfall supports peat accumulation in tropical climates. However, groundwater-fed peatlands in seasonally dry tropical ecosystems remain poorly understood, despite their potential importance in global carbon dynamics. Here, we present an integrated carbon assessment in organic soil ecosystems (locally known as Veredas and Campos úmidos) in the Brazilian savanna. We quantified carbon in soil and biomass, dated carbon using radiocarbon, and evaluated chemical stability using infrared spectrometry. We used machine learning models to map their potential area. Additionally, we measured soil CO₂ and CH₄ efluxes to evaluate the influence of climatic seasonality on emissions. Veredas contained exceptionally high carbon stocks (c. 1200 Mg C ha^-1) accumulated over c. 20 000 yr and spanning c. 16.7 Mha. However, spectroscopy indicated low carbon stability compared to other tropical peatlands, and c. 70% of annual CO₂ and CH₄ emissions occurred during the dry season. Our findings show that the Brazilian Cerrado harbors one of the largest carbon-storing ecosystems in the tropical Americas, yet one that is highly vulnerable to land-use change and intensified drought. Despite their wide distribution, peat accumulation and the extent of Veredas remain uncertain.</p>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":"2946-2965"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13150300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shaping future forests: how can ecophysiology support climate-smart forest management?","authors":"Arthur Gessler, José M Grünzweig, Laura Bigio, Henrik Hartmann, Nate McDowell, Frank Krumm, Arun K Bose, Andreas Rigling, Harald Bugmann, Valentina Vitali, Pascal Schneider, J Jelle Lever, Janine Schweier, Anne Kempel, Niklaus E Zimmermann, Philipp Brun, Jürgen Bauhus, Micah Wilhelm, Alessandra Bottero","doi":"10.1111/nph.71007","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.71007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change, particularly the associated increase in extreme events and disturbances, threatens the numerous environmental, social, and economic benefits that forests provide, both locally and globally. Heat and drought pose significant risks to forest ecosystems; the anticipated future climate is expected to exacerbate this trend. Management interventions should aim to maximise the provision of ecological functions amid the uncertain conditions ahead. A better understanding of the mechanisms regulating forest responses to drought, heat, pests, and diseases - and how management interventions interact with these - is necessary for evidence-based, climate-smart forest management. We first provide an overview of the ecophysiological mechanisms that drive the loss of ecosystem functioning induced by heat and drought. We then explore how various commonly adopted management interventions at the stand level - such as tree species selection and mixture, stand density regulation, measures to optimise stand structure, tree height, and age distribution, as well as nutrient management - may positively or negatively influence forest ecophysiological responses to heat and drought. In this work, we present a mechanism-based critical assessment of forest management practices to support climate-smart forestry/forest management in response to shifting environmental and climatic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":"2778-2813"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13150318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzoxazinoid-mediated microbiome feedbacks enhance Arabidopsis growth and defence.","authors":"Katja Stengele, Lea Stauber, Lisa Thoenen, Henry Janse van Rensburg, Viola D'Adda, Klaus Schlaeppi","doi":"10.1111/nph.71098","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.71098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants modulate their surrounding microbiome via root exudates and such conditioned soil microbiomes feed back on the performance of the next generation of plants. How plants perceive altered soil microbiomes and modulate their performance in response to such microbiome feedbacks, however, remains largely unknown. As tool to condition contrasting microbiomes in soil, we made use of two maize lines, which differ in their ability to exude benzoxazinoids (BXs). Based on these differentially conditioned soil microbiomes we have established a model system with Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) to investigate the mechanisms of microbiome feedbacks. Arabidopsis plants responding to the BX-conditioned soil microbiome grew better and were developmentally more advanced. Further, these plants harboured differential root bacterial communities, showed enhanced defence signatures in transcriptomes of their shoots, and they were more resistant to the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Intriguingly, Arabidopsis responded with both improved growth and enhanced defence to the BX-conditioned soil microbiome, and we found that this simultaneous increase of growth and defence was mediated by priming of the defences. Further advancing our basic understanding of how plants respond to soil microbiomes and mediate their feedbacks is particularly important for the goal to improve crops so they can benefit from their soil microbiome.</p>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":"3334-3348"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13150306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147476040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleomorph phylogenomics suggests a deep and ancient origin of cryptophyte plastids within Rhodophyta.","authors":"Lukáš V F Novák, Sergio A Muñoz-Gómez, Maria Ciobanu, Fabian van Beveren, Laura Eme, Purificación López-García, David Moreira","doi":"10.1111/nph.71116","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.71116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evolutionary origin of red algae-derived complex plastids remains obscure. Cryptophyta, one of four eukaryotic lineages harboring these plastids, still contains nucleomorphs, which are highly reduced remnants of red algal nuclei. The genes present on nucleomorph genomes can be used for phylogenomic reconstruction in order to unravel the evolutionary origin of red complex plastids and provide data independent from previously analyzed plastid-encoded proteins. Here, we leverage these genes in a first phylogenomic attempt at pinpointing the position of cryptophyte nucleomorphs within a comprehensive diversity of Rhodophyta, including new sequence representatives from seven deep-branching red algae. Our analysis, supported by a series of rigorous topology tests, places cryptophyte nucleomorphs as sister to the extremophilic, freshwater subphylum Cyanidiophytina. This conflicts with previously published analyses based on plastidial genes that placed red complex plastids closer to the mesophilic Rhodophytina. While the precise sister group remains debated, our results robustly reject a nucleomorph origin from within any currently recognized class of Rhodophyta, instead suggesting an ancient origin of complex red plastids among the deepest branches of the red algal tree of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":"3103-3113"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13150296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ligand-induced ubiquitination regulates endocytosis and homeostasis of the ERECTA receptor kinase for stomatal development.","authors":"Liangliang Chen, Minh Huy Vu, Pengfei Bai, Alicia M Cochran, Crystal F Ying, Keiko U Torii","doi":"10.1111/nph.71151","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.71151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stomatal patterning on the plant epidermis is regulated by the ERECTA family of leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases (LRR-RKs). While ubiquitination has emerged as a key regulatory mechanism for the endocytosis of receptor kinases, the precise molecular connections among ERECTA ubiquitination, endocytosis, and its biological functions remain unclear. Here, we uncover a critical role of ligand-induced ubiquitination in regulating the endocytosis and homeostasis of the ERECTA receptor kinase for stomatal development and elongation of inflorescence pedicels in Arabidopsis thaliana. Previous ubiquitome profiling of plant membrane proteins identified one ubiquitination site in ERECTA, and our sequence alignment analysis identified two additional ubiquitination sites within the juxtamembrane domain. We subsequently performed site-directed mutagenesis of these lysine residues (K617, K625, and K668) to arginine (ERECTA_3KR). Our phenotypic analyses demonstrate that the mutant version of ERECTA confers over-inhibition of stomatal development and excessive pedicel growth, indicating that the absence of ubiquitination confers hyperactivity of ERECTA. Our biochemical analyses further demonstrate that the perception of EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR2 (EPF2) peptide ligand induces K63-linked ubiquitination of ERECTA mediated by PUB30 and PUB31. By contrast, the ligand-induced K63-linked polyubiquitination is impaired in ERECTA_3KR. K63-ubiquitin chains are considered to be a general signal for endocytosis for plasma membrane proteins. Notably, impaired K63-linked ubiquitination of ERECTA compromises its ligand-induced endocytosis, as well as subsequent trafficking to multivesicular bodies and the vacuole for degradation. Moreover, ERECTA_3KR exhibits reduced co-localization with endocytic trafficking markers (ARA6 and SYP43). Consistently, ERECTA_3KR accumulates to a higher protein level than wild-type ERECTA and exhibits reduced sensitivity to ligand application, as well as pharmacological inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis or vacuolar degradation. Together, our findings reveal that K63-linked ubiquitination of ERECTA is essential for its ligand-induced endocytosis and vacuolar degradation, thereby ensuring proper signal attenuation. The absence of this post-translational modification leads to sustained plasma membrane accumulation of active receptors, resulting in excessive inhibition of stomatal development. Therefore, our study highlights that ERECTA signals at the plasma membrane and that ubiquitination serves as a key mechanism for fine-tuning receptor kinase activity and developmental outcomes in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":"3167-3181"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13150308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"StLAX5 regulates stolon initiation to control the tuber number and productivity of potato.","authors":"Tingting Wang, Sifan Sun, Guangdong Zhou, Rui Yang, Yongchao Wu, Yongbin Wang, Ping Wang, Kaiyuan Zhao, Baozhen Jiao, Binquan Huang","doi":"10.1111/nph.71253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.71253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The stolon, whose subapical swelling produces the edible tuber and thus determines the ultimate yield, is one of the most striking features of potato. However, the initiation of this critical organ is a complex process whose regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. This study demonstrated that StLAX5, an auxin influx carrier, is a key determinant of stolon and tuber number in potato. Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, StLAX5-knockout (KO) lines showed a significant reduction in stolon and tuber number, while StLAX5-overexpression (OE) lines exhibited a marked increase in these traits. Compared with the WT plants, StLAX5-KO lines had fewer lateral stolon primordia and lower indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content, whereas StLAX5-OE lines showed increases in both indices. This indicates that StLAX5-mediated auxin accumulation is critical for stolon initiation in potato. In conclusion, StLAX5 regulates stolon emergence by modulating IAA content, and node density via internode elongation, thereby ultimately determining potato tuber number and productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photosynthesis regulation impacts carbon and nitrogen assimilation in the diazotrophic cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120.","authors":"Anna Santin, Mattia Storti, Massimo Mezzavilla, Anna Fortunato, Filippo Fiorin, David C A Gaboriau, Francesca Arcudi, Enrique Flores, Tomas Morosinotto, Giorgio Perin","doi":"10.1111/nph.71225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.71225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diazotrophic cyanobacteria fix both atmospheric carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) into biomass, but the two assimilation pathways are not compatible. Species like Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 physically separate C and N assimilation in different cell types. Even if separated, they are strongly intertwined, as N assimilation relies on the C skeletons and reducing power from photosynthesis, that in turn depends on N-rich molecules as pigments and proteins. Whereas the two pathways have been extensively studied individually, this work investigates their interaction by analysing photosynthetic properties upon exposure to changes in light, carbon dioxide (CO₂) and N availability, including the contribution of photosynthetic electron fluxes. Growth depended on the availability of both light and CO₂, whilst the N₂ fixation activity mainly relied on the C supply. Upon diazotrophic conditions, the total photosynthetic electron transport increased, with a modified contribution of different electron pathways. A mutant strain affected in the vehiculation of fixed N between cell types showed that the modulation of photosynthesis depended on the metabolic connection between assimilation pathways. Overall, data showed that the regulation of photosynthetic electron fluxes is a major component of the synergic metabolic relationship between C and N assimilation pathways upon dynamic environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled allometric scaling in biomass allocation and hydraulic resistance partitioning sustains water homeostasis throughout ontogeny.","authors":"Han Zhao, Rong Luo, Jing Cai, Yaxuan Wang, Fengying Luo, Lin Li, Hui Liu, Shujiang Li","doi":"10.1111/nph.71245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.71245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water homeostasis is essential for plant survival, yet how size-dependent shifts in hydraulic resistance between stems and leaves, coupled with allometric biomass allocation to sustain water homeostasis, remains unresolved. Here, using 141 poplar saplings spanning a size gradient in different ontogenetic stages, we quantified aboveground biomass (AGB) (a proxy for tree size), biomass allocation, and hydraulic resistance partitioning between stems and leaves, as well as leaf gas exchange and water potential. We found that leaves scaled with stems following nonlinear allometries: exponent of 0.80 for biomass and 1.35 for absolute hydraulic resistance, both significantly differing from isometric scaling. Consequently, both the leaf-to-stem biomass ratio and hydraulic resistance ratio declined with tree size, while hydraulic resistance on a leaf-area basis increased. Increasing resistance under stable leaf water potentials explained the decline in leaf-level transpiration with tree size. Asymptotic models fitted all traits better than power-law models, indicating biomass allocation and hydraulic properties approached constant values as trees grow. Our results demonstrate that the coupled allometric scaling between AGB allocation and hydraulic resistance partitioning biomass is synchronized with stomatal closure that collectively maintains constant leaf water potential with size during early tree ontogeny, providing empirical scaling rules for large-scale vegetation models.</p>","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}