New Phytologist最新文献_第3页

Paleobotany reframes the fiery debate on Australia's rainforest edges. 古植物学重构了关于澳大利亚热带雨林边缘的激烈辩论。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20301

Peter Wilf, Robert M Kooyman

{"title":"Paleobotany reframes the fiery debate on Australia's rainforest edges.","authors":"Peter Wilf, Robert M Kooyman","doi":"10.1111/nph.20301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20301","url":null,"abstract":"The tall eucalypt forests (TEFs) of the Australian tropics are often portrayed as threatened by 'invasive' neighboring rainforests, requiring 'protective' burning. This framing overlooks that Australian rainforests have suffered twice the historical losses of TEFs and ignores the ecological and paleobiological significance of rainforest margins. Early Eocene fossils from Argentina show that biodiverse rainforests with abundant Eucalyptus existed > 50 million years ago (Ma) in West Gondwana, shaped by nonfire disturbance factors such as landslides and volcanic flows. Humid volcanic environments with eucalypts were also present in eastern Australia over much of the Cenozoic. The dominance of fire-adapted eucalypts appears to be geologically recent and is linked to Neogene C4 grassland expansion, Pleistocene climate cycles, and human activity. We suggest that characterizing TEFs and rainforests as adversarial results from misinterpreting the evolutionary history and expansion-contraction dynamics of a single humid forest system, whose features are now heavily modified by human activities. The resulting management practices damage the outstanding World Heritage values and carbon storage of affected areas and thus have impacts far beyond Australia. The fossil evidence shows that rainforest margins preserve ancient, still evolving, and globally significant forest interactions that should be prioritized for restoration and research.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Piecing together oomycete effector processing and host translocation. 拼凑卵菌效应子处理和宿主转运。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20291

Claudia-Nicole Meisrimler, Sophie Eccersall

引用次数: 0

Linking leaf dark respiration to leaf traits and reflectance spectroscopy across diverse forest types. 将不同森林类型的叶片暗呼吸与叶片特征和反射光谱学联系起来。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20267

Fengqi Wu, Shuwen Liu, Julien Lamour, Owen K Atkin, Nan Yang, Tingting Dong, Weiying Xu, Nicholas G Smith, Zhihui Wang, Han Wang, Yanjun Su, Xiaojuan Liu, Yue Shi, Aijun Xing, Guanhua Dai, Jinlong Dong, Nathan G Swenson, Jens Kattge, Peter B Reich, Shawn P Serbin, Alistair Rogers, Jin Wu, Zhengbing Yan

{"title":"Linking leaf dark respiration to leaf traits and reflectance spectroscopy across diverse forest types.","authors":"Fengqi Wu, Shuwen Liu, Julien Lamour, Owen K Atkin, Nan Yang, Tingting Dong, Weiying Xu, Nicholas G Smith, Zhihui Wang, Han Wang, Yanjun Su, Xiaojuan Liu, Yue Shi, Aijun Xing, Guanhua Dai, Jinlong Dong, Nathan G Swenson, Jens Kattge, Peter B Reich, Shawn P Serbin, Alistair Rogers, Jin Wu, Zhengbing Yan","doi":"10.1111/nph.20267","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.20267","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf dark respiration (Rdark), an important yet rarely quantified component of carbon cycling in forest ecosystems, is often simulated from leaf traits such as the maximum carboxylation capacity (Vcmax), leaf mass per area (LMA), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations, in terrestrial biosphere models. However, the validity of these relationships across forest types remains to be thoroughly assessed. Here, we analyzed Rdark variability and its associations with Vcmax and other leaf traits across three temperate, subtropical and tropical forests in China, evaluating the effectiveness of leaf spectroscopy as a superior monitoring alternative. We found that leaf magnesium and calcium concentrations were more significant in explaining cross-site Rdark than commonly used traits like LMA, N and P concentrations, but univariate trait-Rdark relationships were always weak (r2 ≤ 0.15) and forest-specific. Although multivariate relationships of leaf traits improved the model performance, leaf spectroscopy outperformed trait-Rdark relationships, accurately predicted cross-site Rdark (r2 = 0.65) and pinpointed the factors contributing to Rdark variability. Our findings reveal a few novel traits with greater cross-site scalability regarding Rdark, challenging the use of empirical trait-Rdark relationships in process models and emphasize the potential of leaf spectroscopy as a promising alternative for estimating Rdark, which could ultimately improve process modeling of terrestrial plant respiration.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A fungal sRNA silences a host plant transcription factor to promote arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. 真菌的 sRNA 能抑制宿主植物的转录因子，促进丛枝菌根共生。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20273

Alessandro Silvestri, William Conrad Ledford, Valentina Fiorilli, Cristina Votta, Alessia Scerna, Jacopo Tucconi, Antonio Mocchetti, Gianluca Grasso, Raffaella Balestrini, Hailing Jin, Ignacio Rubio-Somoza, Luisa Lanfranco

{"title":"A fungal sRNA silences a host plant transcription factor to promote arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.","authors":"Alessandro Silvestri, William Conrad Ledford, Valentina Fiorilli, Cristina Votta, Alessia Scerna, Jacopo Tucconi, Antonio Mocchetti, Gianluca Grasso, Raffaella Balestrini, Hailing Jin, Ignacio Rubio-Somoza, Luisa Lanfranco","doi":"10.1111/nph.20273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20273","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-kingdom RNA interference (ckRNAi) is a mechanism of interspecies communication where small RNAs (sRNAs) are transported from one organism to another; these sRNAs silence target genes in trans by loading into host AGO proteins. In this work, we investigated the occurrence of ckRNAi in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis (AMS). We used an in silico prediction analysis to identify a sRNA (Rir2216) from the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis and its putative plant gene target, the Medicago truncatula MtWRKY69 transcription factor. Heterologous co-expression assays in Nicotiana benthamiana, 5' RACE reactions and AGO1-immunoprecipitation assays from mycorrhizal roots were used to characterize the Rir2216-MtWRKY69 interaction. We further analyzed MtWRKY69 expression profile and the contribution of constitutive and conditional MtWRKY69 expression to AMS. We show that Rir2216 is loaded into an AGO1 silencing complex from the host plant M. truncatula, leading to cleavage of a host target transcript encoding for the MtWRKY69 transcription factor. MtWRKY69 is specifically downregulated in arbusculated cells in mycorrhizal roots and increased levels of MtWRKY69 expression led to a reduced AM colonization level. Our results indicate that MtWRKY69 silencing, mediated by a fungal sRNA, is relevant for AMS; we thus present the first experimental evidence of fungus to plant ckRNAi in AMS.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A systematic review of nurse objects as safe sites for seedling establishment and implications for restoration. 对作为育苗安全场所的哺育对象及其对恢复的影响进行系统审查。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20247

Hagai Shemesh

{"title":"A systematic review of nurse objects as safe sites for seedling establishment and implications for restoration.","authors":"Hagai Shemesh","doi":"10.1111/nph.20247","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.20247","url":null,"abstract":"Direct human activity and global climatic changes are threatening the existence of many vegetated habitats. Seedling establishment, one of the riskiest plant life stages, must be successful for such habitats to persist. The establishment of seedlings is known to be enhanced by nurse effects, but most studies to date have looked at the nursing effects of plants while sidelining inanimate objects. Nevertheless, nurse objects can support seedling establishment via diverse mechanisms such as moderating abiotic stresses like extreme temperatures and drought, reducing negative biological interactions such as herbivory while enhancing positive processes like seed dispersal, and providing protection from physical disturbances such as trampling and fire. The robust nature of nurse objects highlights their potential in habitat restoration. The addition of nurse objects allows a simple, single-effort rehabilitation strategy that can later draw on natural seed dispersal and establishment. By achieving a better understanding of the processes in which nurse objects are involved we should be able to better predict vegetation dynamics and manipulate them to minimize adverse processes and support regeneration in natural habitats.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phosphorylation-dependent activation of the bHLH transcription factor ICE1/SCRM promotes polarization of the Arabidopsis zygote. 磷酸化依赖性激活 bHLH 转录因子 ICE1/SCRM 可促进拟南芥子实体的极化。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20265

Houming Chen, Feng Xiong, Alexa-Maria Wangler, Torren Bischoff, Kai Wang, Yingjing Miao, Daniel Slane, Rebecca Schwab, Thomas Laux, Martin Bayer

{"title":"Phosphorylation-dependent activation of the bHLH transcription factor ICE1/SCRM promotes polarization of the Arabidopsis zygote.","authors":"Houming Chen, Feng Xiong, Alexa-Maria Wangler, Torren Bischoff, Kai Wang, Yingjing Miao, Daniel Slane, Rebecca Schwab, Thomas Laux, Martin Bayer","doi":"10.1111/nph.20265","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.20265","url":null,"abstract":"In Arabidopsis thaliana, the asymmetric cell division (ACD) of the zygote gives rise to the embryo proper and an extraembryonic suspensor, respectively. This process is controlled by the ERECTA-YODA-MPK3/6 receptor kinase-MAP kinase-signaling pathway, which also orchestrates ACDs in the epidermis. In this context, the bHLH transcription factor ICE1/SCRM is negatively controlled by MPK3/6-directed phosphorylation. However, it is unknown whether this regulatory module is similarly involved in the zygotic ACD. We investigated the function of SCRM in zygote polarization by analyzing the effect of loss-of-function alleles and variants that cannot be phosphorylated by MPK3/6, protein accumulation, and target gene expression. Our results show that SCRM has a critical function in zygote polarization and acts in parallel with the known MPK3/6 target WRKY2 in activating WOX8. Our work further demonstrates that SCRM activity in the early embryo is positively controlled by MPK3/6-mediated phosphorylation. Therefore, the effect of MAP kinase-directed phosphorylation of the same target protein fundamentally differs between the embryo and the epidermis, shedding light on cell type-specific, differential gene regulation by common signaling pathways.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unraveling the in planta population dynamics of the plant pathogen Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum by mathematical modeling. 通过数学建模揭示植物病原体 Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum 在植物体内的种群动态。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20216

Caroline Baroukh, Léo Gerlin, Antoine Escourrou, Stéphane Genin

{"title":"Unraveling the in planta population dynamics of the plant pathogen Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum by mathematical modeling.","authors":"Caroline Baroukh, Léo Gerlin, Antoine Escourrou, Stéphane Genin","doi":"10.1111/nph.20216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20216","url":null,"abstract":"Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum, a plant pathogen responsible for bacterial wilt in numerous plant species, exhibits paradoxical growth in the host by achieving high bacterial densities in xylem sap, an environment traditionally considered nutrient-poor. This study combined in vitro experiments and mathematical modeling to elucidate the population dynamics of R. pseudosolanacearum within plants. To simulate the xylem environment, a tomato xylem-mimicking medium was developed. Then, a mathematical model was constructed using in vitro data and employed to simulate the dynamics of bacterial density and xylem sap composition during plant infection. The model accurately reproduced in planta experimental observations, including high bacterial densities and the depletion of glutamine and asparagine. Additionally, the model estimated the minimal number of bacteria required to initiate infection, the timing of infection post-inoculation, the bacterial mortality rate within the plant and the rate at which bacterial putrescine is assimilated by the plant. The findings demonstrate that xylem sap can sustain high bacterial densities, provides an explanatory framework for the presence of acetate, putrescine and 3-hydroxybutyrate in the sap of infected xylem and give clues as to the role of putrescine in the virulence of R. pseudosolanacearum.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A global overview of insect-fern interactions and its ecological trends. 昆虫与蕨类植物相互作用及其生态趋势的全球概览。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20229

Gabriela Fraga Porto, Diego V Anjos, Pedro Luna, Kleber Del-Claro

{"title":"A global overview of insect-fern interactions and its ecological trends.","authors":"Gabriela Fraga Porto, Diego V Anjos, Pedro Luna, Kleber Del-Claro","doi":"10.1111/nph.20229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20229","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, ferns have been described as underutilized by insects. However, studies have shown a diversity of insects interacting with ferns, although the evolutionary and ecological drivers of these interactions are still to be untangled. To fill these gaps, we compiled more than 100 yr of global data on insect-fern interactions from the literature comprising 374 fern and 649 insect species. With this database we assessed how fern trophic specialization, phylogenetic relationships and climate have shaped their interactions with insects. Our findings showed that interactions between ferns and insects can be explained by the phylogenetic relations among them. We observed that insect orders part of the Endopterygota clade tend to interact with similar fern species, which might be a result of the inheritance of Endopterygota ancestors probably due to phylogenetic niche conservationism. Under an ecological context, fern specialization increased with temperature, precipitation, and climatic stability. Our results show that climate might be one of the main factors explaining the spatial variation of insect-fern interactions, postulate also supported by the observed phylogenetic clustering of the studied ferns species. Our study highlights the intricate and multifaceted nature of insect-fern interactions, where evolutionary history and ecological factors converge to shape these relationships.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phosphorylation of phyB by GSK3s, a key mechanism that brings temperature sensors together. GSK3s 磷酸化 phyB，这是温度传感器结合在一起的关键机制。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20232

Chloe Zubieta, Stephanie Hutin, Jae-Hoon Jung, Xuelei Lai

引用次数: 0

A 23-million-year record of morphological evolution within Neotropical grass pollen. 新热带禾本科花粉形态演变的 2300 万年记录。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20214

Caixia Wei, Mao Li, Limi Mao, Luke Mander, Phillip E Jardine, William D Gosling, Carina Hoorn

{"title":"A 23-million-year record of morphological evolution within Neotropical grass pollen.","authors":"Caixia Wei, Mao Li, Limi Mao, Luke Mander, Phillip E Jardine, William D Gosling, Carina Hoorn","doi":"10.1111/nph.20214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20214","url":null,"abstract":"Grass-dominated biomes in South America comprise c. 20 million years of history, yet their evolution and underlying drivers remain poorly understood. Here we apply a novel approach that combines scanning electron microscopy imaging with computational analysis to quantify the morphometrics of grass (Poaceae) pollen micro-ornamentation from the Neotropics since the Early Miocene (23 million years ago). Three spatial-temporal pollen sets were assembled to further elucidate the variation and evolutionary traits of grasses through space and time. Our results reveals that three spatial-temporal pollen groups occupy unique, partially overlapping regions of their exine morphospace. The direction of this shift is consistent over time, progressing towards less dense ornamentation. Interestingly, the extent of the occupied morphospace did not vary significantly. This is the first time that the true morphological variation in Poaceae pollen micro-ornamentation becomes apparent through time. We hypothesize that changes in grass pollen exine since the Early Miocene were driven by evolutionary processes (evolutionary drift and/or directional selection), and potentially migration at the continental scale. The high diversity in pollen micro-ornamentation is likely related to their evolutionary success in the Neogene.","PeriodicalId":48887,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0