Clinical Interventions in Aging最新文献

{"title":"Association of Vegetable and Fruit Consumption Patterns with Cognitive Function in Older People with Different BMI Ranges: Findings from China.","authors":"Liang Huang, Zixuan Hong, Ying Guo, Wenjin Song, Jiawei Huang, Wenwen Cao, Chenglin Cao, Ren Chen, Zhongliang Bai","doi":"10.2147/CIA.S515094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S515094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is a lack of research on how vegetable and fruit consumption patterns affect cognitive function in older adults with varying BMIs. Therefore, this study aims to explore their relationship, with a special focus on gender differences.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Anhui Province, China, between July and September 2019, and information was collected from 6211 participants regarding socio-demographics, the frequency of vegetable and fruit consumption per week, and cognitive function. The study utilized descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression to determine the association between cognitive function and consumption patterns of vegetable and fruit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistically significant associations between vegetable and fruit consumption patterns and cognitive function in underweight and obese older adults. Among normal weight men, older adults in the V+/F- (AOR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.16-2.35) and V-/F- (AOR=3.95; 95% CI: 1.86-8.42) groups were more likely to have cognitive impairment compared with the V+/F+ group. However, no associations were observed between the two in women of normal weight. For the overweight women, a higher risk of cognitive impairment was found in the V+/F- group (AOR=1.54; 95% CI: 1.12-2.11), while older men did not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The correlation between vegetable and fruit consumption patterns and cognitive function varies among older adults with different BMIs. Findings suggest the need for targeted nutritional interventions for these communities to maintain cognitive function in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":48841,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Interventions in Aging","volume":"20 ","pages":"587-596"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Prior Anti-Osteoporosis Treatments on Sequential Denosumab Responses in BMD Changes Among Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Women in East China: Real-World Data Analysis.","authors":"Guoyu Guan, Yanping Du, Wenjing Tang, Minmin Chen, Weijia Yu, Huilin Li, Qun Cheng","doi":"10.2147/CIA.S511622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S511622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the impacts of prior anti-osteoporosis treatments on bone mineral density (BMD) changes in Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis following 1-year Denosumab (Dmab) therapy.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study enrolled 381 postmenopausal women, all receiving a 1-year Dmab treatment. Participants were stratified into five groups based on prior anti-osteoporosis treatments: no treatment (NT), alendronate (ALN), zoledronic acid (ZOL), teriparatide (TPT), and raloxifene (RAL). Potential factors influencing BMD changes were screened using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). The selected variables were then incorporated into a multivariate regression model to identify independent risk factors. Finally, after adjusting for confounders, the impacts of prior anti-osteoporosis treatment on sequential Dmab responses were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1) Further BMD increases were observed after sequential 1-year Dmab with prior use of other anti-osteoporosis drugs; 2) Compared to the NT group, ZOL significantly reduced BMD changes at the lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN), and total hip (TH) (LS: β = -0.01, P = 0.016; FN: β = -0.01, <i>P</i> = 0.010; TH: β = -0.01, <i>P</i> = 0.011); Significant negative associations with FN BMD changes were observed for the ALN group (β = -0.01, <i>P</i>< 0.001), and the RAL group (β = -0.01, <i>P</i> = 0.010) compared to the NT group; TPT showed no significant differences with the NT group at all sites; 3) Multiple analysis revealed baseline BMD were independently associated with changes in BMD (LS: β = -0.04, <i>P</i> = 0.009; FN: β = -0.19, <i>P</i> <0.001; TH: β = -0.14, <i>P</i> <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicated that prior anti-osteoporosis treatments differentially influenced BMD responses to 1-year Dmab therapy. While patients who had previously been treated with ZOL had limited subsequent BMD improvement, patients who had previously used TPT and had lower baseline BMD benefited more.</p>","PeriodicalId":48841,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Interventions in Aging","volume":"20 ","pages":"573-586"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All-Cause Mortality Risk in Elderly Patients with Femoral Neck and Intertrochanteric Fractures: A Predictive Model Based on Machine Learning.","authors":"Aoying Min, Yan Liu, Mingming Fu, Zhiyong Hou, Zhiqian Wang","doi":"10.2147/CIA.S511935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S511935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify the influencing factors for all-cause mortality in elderly patients with intertrochanteric and femoral neck fractures and to construct predictive models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively collected elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures and femoral neck fractures who underwent hip fractures surgery in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022. Cox proportional hazards regression is used to explore the association between fractures type and mortality. Boruta algorithm was used to screen the risk factors related to death. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the independent risk factors, and a nomogram prediction model was established. The ROC curve, calibration curve and DCA decision curve were drawn by R language, and the prediction model was established by machine learning algorithm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1373 patients. There were 6 variables that remained in the model for intertrochanteric fractures: age (HR 1.048, 95% CI 1.014-1.083, p = 0.006), AMI (HR 4.631, 95% CI 2.190-9.795, P < 0.001), COPD (HR 3.818, 95% CI 1.516-9.614, P = 0.004), CHF (HR 2.743, 95% CI 1.510-4.981, P = 0.001), NOAF (HR 1.748, 95% CI 1.033-2.956, P = 0.037), FBG (HR 1.116, 95% CI 1.026-1.215, P = 0.011). There were 3 variables that remained in the model for femoral neck fractures: age (HR 1.145, 95% CI 1.097-1.196, P < 0.001), HbA1c (HR 1.264, 95% CI 1.088-1.468, P = 0.002), BNP (HR 1.001, 95% CI 1.000-1.002, P = 0.019). The experimental results showed that the model has good identification ability, calibration effect and clinical application value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intertrochanteric fractures is an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in elderly patients with hip fractures. By constructing a prognostic model based on machine learning, the risk factors of mortality in patients with intertrochanteric fractures and femoral neck fractures can be effectively identified, and personalized treatment strategies can be developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48841,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Interventions in Aging","volume":"20 ","pages":"559-571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T Cell Aging: An Important Target for Perioperative Immunomodulation.","authors":"Haoning Lan, Songchao Xu, Huili Li, Ruijuan Guo, Zhong Feng, Yun Wang","doi":"10.2147/CIA.S519438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S519438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although T cells are crucially involved in maintaining immune function, their roles change with age. Furthermore, T cell aging has a unique onset and progression mechanism and several clinical indicators have been developed to detect it. Moreover, perioperative pain and stressful stimuli could affect the body's immune status, influencing patients' recovery. This article examines how preoperative and intraoperative complications influence T cell aging. These factors include conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, acute respiratory distress syndrome, hypoxemia, depression, pain, obesity, neurologic diseases, tumors, autoimmune diseases, as well as aspects like anesthetic modalities, types of surgery, and medications. This analysis could help identify groups at a high risk of perioperative T cell aging. For example, elderly cancer patients with multiple chronic diseases may be the most affected by T cell aging. We also discuss the effects of T cell aging on postoperative phenomena such as neurological dysfunction and recovery quality. Based on insights from this discussion, we deduced that prehabilitation, pharmacological treatment, and adoptive neuro-immunotherapy could modulate T cell aging in the perioperative period, thus improving clinical prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48841,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Interventions in Aging","volume":"20 ","pages":"537-557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Premorbid Frailty Status and Functional Independence in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Following Endovascular Treatment in the Late Window.","authors":"Liping Huang, Chen Gong, Zhongming Qiu, Shuyu Jiang, Min Song, Zhiyuan Wang, Yankun Chen, Tao Xu, Pan Hu, Shengli Chen, Yangmei Chen, Thanh N Nguyen, Chang Liu","doi":"10.2147/CIA.S504456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S504456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although the predictive role of cerebral tissue impairment has been extensively investigated in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT) in the late window, the impact of peripheral organs on clinical outcomes in these patients remains largely unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether frailty, a reflection of the patient's physical status based on peripheral organ health at admission, could be associated with outcomes among AIS patients treated by EVT in the late window of 6-24 hours from stroke onset.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This was a post-hoc analysis of our RESCUE-BT trial, with findings validated in an external cohort. The 5-factor modified frailty index (mFI-5), a scale of five factors that could reflect premorbid physical conditions, was applied to estimate frailty status. The primary outcome was functional independence, defined as a 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 755 patients included in this study. After identifying the cut-off value of mFI-5 by the marginal effects approach, patients were divided into the frail group (mFI-5≥2) and the non-frail group (mFI-5<2). In multivariable analysis, frailty significantly reduced the likelihood of functional independence (aOR 0.37, 95% CI 0.21-0.65, P<0.001). Similar results were detected in the novel cohort constructed with propensity score matching (aOR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22-0.85, P=0.015) and in the external validation cohort (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.16-0.89, P=0.028). Moreover, frailty significantly improved the predictive performance of traditional predictors with an AUC of 0.77 (P=0.036 by DeLong's test).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that frailty according to the mFI-5 index was inversely associated with functional independence among AIS patients receiving EVT in the late window.</p>","PeriodicalId":48841,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Interventions in Aging","volume":"20 ","pages":"523-535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a Neuroimmune Therapy Including Pineal Methoxyindoles, Angiotensin 1-7, and Endocannabinoids in Cancer, Autoimmune, and Neurodegenerative Diseases.","authors":"Paolo Lissoni, Franco Rovelli, Alejandra Monzon, Giusy Messina, Nicoletta Merli, Rosanna Tartarelli, Simonetta Tassoni, Francesca Zecchinato, Ana Cristina Simoes-E-Silva, Agnese Valentini, Giuseppe Di Fede, Daniel P Cardinali","doi":"10.2147/CIA.S513910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S513910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Recent advancements in psycho-neuro-endocrine-immunology indicate that numerous noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) originate from disruptions in the cytokine immune network, resulting in chronic inflammatory responses. This persistent low-degree inflammation is attributed to deficiencies in crucial endogenous anti-inflammatory neuroendocrine systems, including the pineal gland, the endocannabinoid system, and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / angiotensin 1-7 axis. The administration of pineal methoxyindoles (melatonin, 5-methoxytryptamine), cannabinoids, and angiotensin 1-7 may entail potential therapeutic benefits for NCDs, particularly for patients who do not respond to conventional treatments.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of a neuroimmune regimen comprising melatonin (100 mg/day at night), 5-methoxytryptamine (30 mg in the early afternoon), angiotensin 1-7 (0.5 mg twice daily), and cannabidiol (20 mg twice daily) in 306 patients with NCDs, including advanced cancer, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, depression, and cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The neuroimmune regimen successfully halted cancer progression in 68% of cancer patients, who also reported improvements in mood, sleep, and relief from anxiety, pain, and fatigue. In patients with autoimmune diseases, the treatment effectively controlled the disease process, remarkable in cases of multiple sclerosis. Additionally, positive outcomes were observed in patients with Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Randomized controlled trials are required to assess this therapeutic approach for NCDs that includes endogenous neuroendocrine molecules regulating immune responses in an anti-inflammatory manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":48841,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Interventions in Aging","volume":"20 ","pages":"513-522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12050209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"D-Dimer Levels and NIHSS as Prognostic Predictors in Elderly Patients with Cerebral Infarction.","authors":"Zhong Zheng","doi":"10.2147/CIA.S502994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S502994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluates the relationship between D-dimer levels and NIHSS scores with prognosis in elderly patients with cerebral infarction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a retrospective study that included 112 elderly patients with cerebral infarction admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to assess the prognosis at six-month follow-up, and patients were divided into two groups: good prognosis (mRS 0-2) and poor prognosis (mRS 3-6). Detailed data collection and statistical analysis were conducted, including descriptive statistics of baseline data, correlation analysis between D-dimer and NIHSS scores, and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors for poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in the poor prognosis group had significantly higher age, BMI, proportions of smoking history, alcohol consumption history, transient ischemic attack (TIA) history, atrial fibrillation history, admission NIHSS scores, and D-dimer levels compared to the good prognosis group (P<0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in D-dimer levels among patients with mild (NIHSS 1-4), moderate (NIHSS 5-14), and severe (NIHSS≥15) strokes (P<0.001), and D-dimer levels were significantly positively correlated with NIHSS scores (r=0.58, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that D-dimer levels, admission NIHSS scores, age, atrial fibrillation, and TIA history were independent predictors of poor prognosis (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of D-dimer in predicting poor prognosis was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.67-0.85), with a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 74%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>D-dimer and NIHSS showed a significant positive correlation (r=0.58, P<0.001), with an AUC of 0.76 for predicting poor prognosis. Independent risk factors included age, atrial fibrillation, and a history of TIA. These findings support the use of D-dimer as a critical biomarker in risk stratification for elderly stroke patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":48841,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Interventions in Aging","volume":"20 ","pages":"505-511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum sST2, IL-33, and Hcy Expression in Older Adults Patients with Myocardial Infarction and Their Predictive Value for MACE.","authors":"Liu-Chang Zheng, Fang Liu, Pei-Ming Zheng, Zheng Xiao, Fa-Cai Cui","doi":"10.2147/CIA.S519437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S519437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the elderly is associated with high morbidity and mortality, with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) remaining a major concern despite early revascularization. This study aimed to evaluate the association of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), interleukin-33 (IL-33), and homocysteine (Hcy) with coronary stenosis severity and their predictive value for MACE in elderly AMI patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 143 elderly AMI patients (≥65 years) admitted between June 2022 and June 2024. Patients were divided into two groups based on MACE occurrence: Group A (no MACE, n=56) and Group B (MACE, n=87). Serum sST2, IL-33, and Hcy levels were measured using ELISA, and coronary stenosis severity was assessed using the Gensini score. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlation, multivariate logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate predictive performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum sST2, IL-33, and Hcy levels were significantly higher in the MACE group compared to the non-MACE group (72.37±10.68 vs 38.76±11.15, p<0.05; 60.61±10.89 vs 33.74±11.23, p<0.05; 32.76±4.15 vs 15.38±4.62, p<0.05, respectively). Biomarker levels positively correlated with coronary stenosis severity (sST2: r=0.647, p<0.05; IL-33: r=0.659, p<0.05; Hcy: r=0.582, p<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that sST2 (OR=1.056, 95% CI: 1.015-1.094, p=0.005), IL-33 (OR=1.069, 95% CI: 1.024-2.016, p=0.001), and Hcy (OR=1.037, 95% CI: 1.008-1.077, p=0.033) were independent risk factors for MACE. ROC analysis showed that sST2, IL-33, and Hcy had AUCs of 0.841 (95% CI: 0.762-0.915, p<0.001), 0.803 (95% CI: 0.724-0.878, p<0.001), and 0.729 (95% CI: 0.642-0.812, p<0.001), respectively. Combined detection of all three biomarkers significantly improved MACE prediction (AUC=0.910, 95% CI: 0.851-0.956, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum sST2, IL-33, and Hcy levels are positively correlated with coronary stenosis severity and independently associated with MACE in elderly AMI patients. Their combined detection significantly enhances MACE prediction, providing a potential strategy for improved risk stratification and management in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48841,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Interventions in Aging","volume":"20 ","pages":"495-504"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12039929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Risk Group for Root Caries and Analysis of Associated Factors in Older Adults Using Unsupervised Machine Learning Clustering.","authors":"Linxin Jiang, Shaohong Huang, Daniel R Reissmann, Gerhard Schmalz, Jianbo Li","doi":"10.2147/CIA.S520229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S520229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to identify the high-risk group for root caries using unsupervised machine learning and to explore the associated factors.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 423 adults aged 65 to 74 years, surveyed in 2021. Clusters representing root caries risk were identified using k-prototypes clustering, with the optimal number of clusters determined by the maximum silhouette index. The confusion matrix and alluvial diagram were used to visualize the predictive accuracy and composition of the clustering results. Binary logistic regression models further analyzed the associated factors, while ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves and the random forest model visualized the predictive performance and the most important associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two clusters were identified: cluster 1, with low root caries risk (21.5% with and 78.5% without root caries), and cluster 2, with high root caries risk (83.7% with and 16.3% without root caries). The clustering results predicted root caries with an accuracy of 0.81, sensitivity of 0.79, and specificity of 0.83. Overlapping results from binary logistic regression and the random forest model indicated that older age, more periodontal pockets, more attachment loss, female, a history of systemic diseases, presence of xerostomia, and presence of unrestored tooth loss were positively associated with cluster 2. Brushing tooth ≥2 times per day and a high level of oral health knowledge were negatively associated with cluster 2. The ROC curve for the binary logistic regression model showed an AUC (area under the curve) of 0.84.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals who are older, female, with poorer oral and systemic health status, suboptimal oral hygiene behaviors, and lower oral health knowledge levels are more likely to be identified as high-risk group. The identified factors, revealed through unsupervised machine learning, can facilitate personalized prevention and management strategies for root caries in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":48841,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Interventions in Aging","volume":"20 ","pages":"483-493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12036594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic Capacity Deficits and 6-Month Outcomes in Older Adults with Acute LRTIs: A Multi-Center Study.","authors":"Bingxuan Weng, Jin Jin, Lixue Huang, Wenshu Jiao, Mengyuan Wang, Xinyue Zhang, Xunliang Tong, Yanming Li","doi":"10.2147/CIA.S501592","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CIA.S501592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Intrinsic capacity (IC), representing an individual's physical and mental abilities, is associated with adverse outcomes. Acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) contribute to poor long-term prognosis, yet effective assessment and intervention strategies remain limited. Given the critical role of IC in the aging population, understanding its prevalence and impact in older adults with LRTIs is crucial for improving management strategies. This study aims to characterize the domains and patterns of IC deficits and assess their influence on 6-month mortality and re-hospitalization in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multi-center prospective cohort study conducted in China. Patients aged over 65 years hospitalized for acute LRTIs were consecutively enrolled and underwent IC evaluations upon admission between April 15, 2021, and January 15, 2023. Outcomes included 6-month mortality and re-hospitalization. Latent class analysis identified patterns of IC deficits, and multivariable logistic regression models assessed associations between IC deficit domains/patterns and adverse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,001 older patients were included, with a mean age of 76 years (IQR: 69-84). Most of (839, 83.8%) the patients had at least one IC domain deficit. The 6-month re-hospitalization and mortality rates were 20.7% (190/933) and 7.7% (70/914). More domains of IC deficits, particularly in cognition (OR 1.873) and vitality (OR 1.737) deficits were associated with increased 6-month re-hospitalization rates. Three distinct IC deficit patterns were identified: relatively robust (73.5%), limited vitality and locomotion (18.6%), and impaired cognition, vision, and hearing group (7.9%). Compared to the relatively robust group, the limited vitality and locomotion group had a significantly higher risk of re-hospitalization (OR 2.025, 95% CI 1.388-2.932).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IC deficits were prevalent and associated with increased re-hospitalization in older adults with LRTIs. Early detection and targeted interventions may reduce re-hospitalization rates and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48841,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Interventions in Aging","volume":"20 ","pages":"471-482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12034263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}