Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care最新文献_第6页

Matters of care and the good death - rhetoric or reality? 关心和善终的问题——修辞还是现实?

IF 2.1 4区医学

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000663

Aileen Collier, Michael Chapman

引用次数: 0

Non-invasive cortical stimulation for drug-resistant pain. 非侵入性皮质刺激治疗耐药疼痛。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000654

Luis Garcia-Larrea

{"title":"Non-invasive cortical stimulation for drug-resistant pain.","authors":"Luis Garcia-Larrea","doi":"10.1097/SPC.0000000000000654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SPC.0000000000000654","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Neuromodulation techniques are being increasingly used to alleviate pain and enhance quality of life. Non-invasive cortical stimulation was originally intended to predict the efficacy of invasive (neurosurgical) techniques, but has now gained a place as an analgesic procedure in its own right.Recent findings: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS): Evidence from 14 randomised, placebo-controlled trials (~750 patients) supports a significant analgesic effect of high-frequency motor cortex rTMS in neuropathic pain. Dorsolateral frontal stimulation has not proven efficacious so far. The posterior operculo-insular cortex is an attractive target but evidence remains insufficient. Short-term efficacy can be achieved with NNT (numbers needed to treat) ~2-3, but long-lasting efficacy remains a challenge.Like rTMS, transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) induces activity changes in distributed brain networks and can influence various aspects of pain. Lower cost relative to rTMS, few safety issues and availability of home-based protocols are practical advantages. The limited quality of many published reports lowers the level of evidence, which will remain uncertain until more prospective controlled studies are available.Summary: Both rTMS and tDCS act preferentially upon abnormal hyperexcitable states of pain, rather than acute or experimental pain. For both techniques, M1 appears to be the best target for chronic pain relief, and repeated sessions over relatively long periods of time may be required to obtain clinically significant benefits. Patients responsive to tDCS may differ from those improved by rTMS.","PeriodicalId":48837,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10030185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Editorial introductions. 编辑介绍。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000667

引用次数: 0

Vitamin D is a potential treatment for the management of gastrointestinal mucositis. 维生素D是治疗胃肠道黏膜炎的一种潜在治疗方法。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000651

Fizza Munem, Phir C K Thianhlun, Paul H Anderson, Andrea M Stringer

{"title":"Vitamin D is a potential treatment for the management of gastrointestinal mucositis.","authors":"Fizza Munem, Phir C K Thianhlun, Paul H Anderson, Andrea M Stringer","doi":"10.1097/SPC.0000000000000651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SPC.0000000000000651","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the review: Gastrointestinal mucositis (GM) is a severe side effect of cancer treatments, negatively impacting the patient's quality of life, and has limited treatment. GM consists of complex biological processes involving apoptosis and inflammation, leading to damage and ulceration of the gastrointestinal system. Recently, vitamin D has been shown to have multiple roles in the gut, including immunomodulation, epithelial barrier regulation and microbiome regulation. Hence, this review aims to put forth vitamin D as a potential therapeutic due to its protective role in the intestine.Recent findings: Recent studies have shown that vitamin D can reduce intestinal inflammation by reducing NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) activation. Vitamin D also targets and maintains the intestinal epithelial barrier via the tight junction protein expression and the inhibition of microbiome translocation. Significant evidence also suggests that vitamin D exerts multiple therapeutic effects through binding to vitamin D receptors (VDRs), and the downregulation of VDR has been associated with the severity of the disease. Additionally, vitamin D deficiency is reported in cancer patients.Summary: There is a dire need for effective treatment for GM, and recent animal and human studies show that vitamin D may be a potential therapy to prevent or treat GM.","PeriodicalId":48837,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10038962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An integrative literature review examining the key elements of bereavement follow-up interventions in critical care. 一篇综合文献综述，探讨重症监护中丧亲随访干预的关键要素。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000666

Aileen H Labram, Bridget Johnston, Margaret McGuire

{"title":"An integrative literature review examining the key elements of bereavement follow-up interventions in critical care.","authors":"Aileen H Labram, Bridget Johnston, Margaret McGuire","doi":"10.1097/SPC.0000000000000666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SPC.0000000000000666","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The aim of this review is to examine bereavement follow-up intervention studies in critical care, with the purpose of integrating results on the timing, content, aims and outcomes of interventions. The impact of a death in critical care is well documented, and bereavement follow-up is recognised as an important topic, but there is limited research with little consensus on the content and structure of interventions.Recent findings: A total of 18 papers were selected; 11 are intervention studies, with only one randomised control trial. Six papers were from national surveys and are not the focus of this review. Bereavement follow-up mainly consisted of information giving, condolence interventions, telephone calls and meetings with families. The timing, content, aims and outcomes depended on the intervention and were influenced by the design of the study.Summary: Overall, bereavement follow-up is acceptable for relatives but outcomes are mixed. Calls for more research are valid, but how do we utilise the current research to better inform the critical care community? Researchers suggest that bereavement follow-up interventions need to be designed with specific aims and outcomes, in collaboration with bereaved families that are appropriate to the intervention.","PeriodicalId":48837,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ef/09/spc-17-193.PMC10371062.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10386131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supportive care for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell patients. 嵌合抗原受体t细胞患者的支持性护理。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000657

Deborah Springell, Maeve O'Reilly, Claire Roddie

{"title":"Supportive care for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell patients.","authors":"Deborah Springell, Maeve O'Reilly, Claire Roddie","doi":"10.1097/SPC.0000000000000657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SPC.0000000000000657","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The purpose of this review is to provide clear guidance to health professionals delivering chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy on the best supportive management throughout the CAR-T pathway, from referral to long-term follow-up, including psychosocial aspects.Recent findings: CAR-T therapy has changed the treatment landscape for relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell malignancy. Approximately 40% of r/r B-cell leukaemia/lymphoma patients receiving CD19-targeted CAR-T therapy achieve durable remission following a single dose. The field is rapidly expanding to encompass new CAR-T products for indications such as multiple myeloma, mantle cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, and the number of patients eligible to receive CAR-T therapy is likely to continue to grow exponentially. CAR-T therapy is logistically challenging to deliver, with involvement of many stakeholders. In many cases, CAR-T therapy requires an extended inpatient hospital admission, particularly in older, comorbid patients, and is associated with potentially severe immune side effects. Further, CAR-T therapy can lead to protracted cytopenias that can last for several months accompanied by a susceptibility to infection.Summary: For the reasons listed above, standardised, comprehensive supportive care is critically important to ensure that CAR-T therapy is delivered as safely as possible and that patients are fully informed of the risks and benefits, as well as the requirement for extended hospital admission and follow-up, to fully realise the potential of this transformative treatment modality.","PeriodicalId":48837,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10404673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Harnessing the power of endogenous pain control mechanisms for novel therapeutics: how might innovations in neuroimaging help? 利用内源性疼痛控制机制的力量开发新型疗法：神经影像学的创新会带来哪些帮助？

IF 1.9 4区医学

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000653

Matthew A Howard, Timothy Lawn, Olivia S Kowalczyk

{"title":"Harnessing the power of endogenous pain control mechanisms for novel therapeutics: how might innovations in neuroimaging help?","authors":"Matthew A Howard, Timothy Lawn, Olivia S Kowalczyk","doi":"10.1097/SPC.0000000000000653","DOIUrl":"10.1097/SPC.0000000000000653","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review explores the potential of using novel imaging approaches to deepen our understanding of descending modulatory mechanisms in pain, focussing on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the spinal cord and novel approaches to combining molecular and fMRI data. This review sheds light on the neural processes involved in pain modulation, paving the way for the development of targeted treatments.Recent findings: The reviewed literature demonstrates significant advancements in pain research. Recent studies show the potential of using fMRI to investigate the spinal cord's role in pain modulation. Furthermore, novel analytical approaches integrating molecular and fMRI data show promise in elucidating the complex neurobiological processes underlying pain regulation. The main themes explored here include the identification of neurochemical markers associated with pain modulation and the characterisation of neural circuits involved in descending pain control.Summary: A comprehensive understanding of descending modulatory mechanisms in pain can inform the development of novel treatments, targeting dysfunction of these key pathways. By leveraging spinal fMRI and integrating molecular data into brain fMRI, researchers can identify potential therapeutic targets throughout the neuraxis. These advances may contribute to the development of personalised medicine approaches, allowing for tailored interventions based on individual pain profiles.","PeriodicalId":48837,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10371061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10029395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychological support for chronic conditions. 对慢性疾病的心理支持。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000659

Luke Solomons, Catherine Farrar, Lindsay Carpenter

{"title":"Psychological support for chronic conditions.","authors":"Luke Solomons, Catherine Farrar, Lindsay Carpenter","doi":"10.1097/SPC.0000000000000659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SPC.0000000000000659","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Haematological conditions are varied, and every condition presents unique psychosocial challenges to patients and their families. There is a growing body of evidence about high levels of psychological distress, negative impact on outcomes and evidence-based treatments, yet service provision is patchy and demand far exceeds supply.Recent findings: This article focuses on the major subspecialty areas and associated neuropsychiatric comorbidities - haematological malignancies, issues related to stem cell transplants, haemoglobinopathies and haemophilia. The subsequent sections focus on common psychiatric comorbidities, considerations across the life span and models of care.Summary: Anxiety disorders and depression have higher prevalence in people with haematological conditions. The stressors faced by the individual can vary based on their condition and their stage of life. Early diagnosis and integrated management of comorbid psychiatric illness can improve quality of life and clinical outcomes. A stepped care model is recommended to ensure that psychological distress is identified and managed appropriately, and evidence for a collaborative care model is provided.","PeriodicalId":48837,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10386132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Loss of appetite in patients with cancer: an update on characterization, mechanisms, and palliative therapeutics. 癌症患者食欲减退:特征、机制和姑息治疗的最新进展。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000669

Robert J Haemmerle, Aminah Jatoi

{"title":"Loss of appetite in patients with cancer: an update on characterization, mechanisms, and palliative therapeutics.","authors":"Robert J Haemmerle, Aminah Jatoi","doi":"10.1097/SPC.0000000000000669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SPC.0000000000000669","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Over the past year, loss of appetite in patients with cancer has continued to be an area of active investigation. This review provides an update of recently published findings.Recent findings: Despite the emergence of new cancer therapeutic agents, this symptom of loss of appetite continues to trouble patients, and it continues to be associated with poor survival. Recent preclinical research promises to lead to newer approaches and newer, more effective palliative agents. Recent clinical research shows that agents such as olanzapine, anamorelin, and cannabis either do or might palliate this symptom.Summary: Loss of appetite in patients with cancer remains an important area of clinical and research focus. Recent published data provide greater clarity with respect to how to palliate this symptom. Today, although clinicians have more options to palliate cancer-associated loss of appetite than ever before, questions remain unanswered about how to palliate this symptom optimally and how to improve the quality of life of patients who suffer from it.","PeriodicalId":48837,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10386643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Palliative sedation: autonomy, suffering, and euthanasia. 缓和镇静:自主、痛苦和安乐死。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000665

Ben Colburn, Bridget Johnston

{"title":"Palliative sedation: autonomy, suffering, and euthanasia.","authors":"Ben Colburn, Bridget Johnston","doi":"10.1097/SPC.0000000000000665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SPC.0000000000000665","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This contemporary and novel review of palliative sedation explores some of the distinctive ethical problems associated with that intervention. It is timely in light of recent reviews of palliative care guidelines on the topic and given the current public debates around the related but distinct practice of euthanasia.Recent findings: The main themes discussed are patient autonomy, the nature of suffering and how to alleviate it, and the relationship between palliative sedation and euthanasia.Summary: First, palliative sedation poses a significant problem for patient autonomy, both in terms of securing informed consent and in terms of the ongoing effect on individual well-being. Second, as an intervention to alleviate suffering, it is appropriate only in limited cases and counterproductive in others, for example, where an individual values their ongoing psychological or social agency more than the relief of pain or negative experience. Third, people's ethical views about palliative sedation are often coloured by their understanding of the legal and moral status of assisted dying and euthanasia; this is unhelpful and occludes the interesting and urgent ethical questions raised by palliative sedation as a distinct end-of-life intervention.","PeriodicalId":48837,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10020259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0