European Journal for Philosophy of Science最新文献_第8页

Potentiality realism: a realistic and indeterministic physics based on propensities 潜在现实主义：基于倾向性的现实和非确定物理学

IF 1.5 1区哲学

European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.1007/s13194-023-00561-6

Flavio Del Santo, Nicolas Gisin

引用次数: 0

Epistemic possibilities in climate science: lessons from some recent research in the context of discovery 气候科学的认知可能性:来自发现背景下的一些近期研究的教训

IF 1.5 1区哲学

European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1007/s13194-023-00560-7

Joel Katzav

{"title":"Epistemic possibilities in climate science: lessons from some recent research in the context of discovery","authors":"Joel Katzav","doi":"10.1007/s13194-023-00560-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13194-023-00560-7","url":null,"abstract":"A number of authors, including me, have argued that the output of our most complex climate models, that is, of global climate models and Earth system models, should be assessed possibilistically. Worries about the viability of doing so have also been expressed. I examine the assessment of the output of relatively simple climate models in the context of discovery and point out that this assessment is of epistemic possibilities. At the same time, I show that the concept of epistemic possibility used in the relevant studies does not fit available analyses of this concept. Moreover, I provide an alternative analysis that does fit the studies and broad climate modelling practices as well as meshes with my existing view that climate model assessment should typically be of real possibilities. On my analysis, to assert that a proposition is epistemically possible is to assert that it is not known to be false and is consistent with at least approximate knowledge of the basic way things are. I, finally, consider some of the implications of my discussion for available possibilistic views of climate model assessment and for worries about such views. I conclude that my view helps to address worries about such assessment and permits using the full range of climate models in it.","PeriodicalId":48832,"journal":{"name":"European Journal for Philosophy of Science","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138297690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the consistency of relative facts 关于相关事实的一致性

IF 1.5 1区哲学

European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.1007/s13194-023-00551-8

Eric G. Cavalcanti, Andrea Di Biagio, Carlo Rovelli

引用次数: 5

Machine learning, misinformation, and citizen science 机器学习、错误信息和公民科学

IF 1.5 1区哲学

European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.1007/s13194-023-00558-1

Adrian K. Yee

引用次数: 0

The sky is blue, and other reasons quantum mechanics is not underdetermined by evidence 天空是蓝色的，还有一些其他的原因，量子力学不是没有证据的

IF 1.5 1区哲学

European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-18 DOI: 10.1007/s13194-023-00557-2

David Wallace

引用次数: 13

Appearance and reality: Einstein and the early debate on the reality of length contraction 表象与现实：爱因斯坦与早期关于长度收缩现实性的争论

IF 1.5 1区哲学

European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13194-023-00555-4

Marco Giovanelli

{"title":"Appearance and reality: Einstein and the early debate on the reality of length contraction","authors":"Marco Giovanelli","doi":"10.1007/s13194-023-00555-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13194-023-00555-4","url":null,"abstract":"In 1909, Ehrenfest published a note in the Physikalische Zeitschrift showing that a Born rigid cylinder could not be set into rotation without stresses, as elements of the circumference would be contracted but not the radius. Ignatowski and Varićak challenged Ehrenfest’s result in the same journal, arguing that the stresses would emerge if length contraction were a real dynamical effect, as in Lorentz’s theory. However, no stresses are expected to arise, according to Einstein’s theory, where length contraction is only an apparent effect due to an arbitrary choice of clock synchronization. Ehrenfest and Einstein considered this line of reasoning dangerously misleading and took a public stance in the Physikalische Zeitschrift, countering that relativistic length contraction is both apparent and real. It is apparent since it disappears for the comoving observer, but it is also real since it can be experimentally verified. By drawing on his lesser-known private correspondence with Varićak, this paper shows how Einstein used the Ehrenfest paradox as a tool for an ‘Einsteinian pedagogy’. Einstein’s argumentative stance is contrasted with Bell’s use of the Dewan-Beran thread-between-spaceships paradox to advocate for a ‘Lorentzian pedagogy’. The paper concludes that the disagreement between the two ways of ‘teaching special relativity’ stems from divergent interpretations of philosophical categories such as ‘reality’ and ‘appearance’.","PeriodicalId":48832,"journal":{"name":"European Journal for Philosophy of Science","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71524318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the condition of Setting Independence 论设置独立性的条件

IF 1.5 1区哲学

European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13194-023-00550-9

Thomas Müller, Tomasz Placek

{"title":"On the condition of Setting Independence","authors":"Thomas Müller, Tomasz Placek","doi":"10.1007/s13194-023-00550-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13194-023-00550-9","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum mechanics predicts non-local correlations in spatially extended entangled quantum systems, and these correlations are empirically very well confirmed. This raises philosophical questions of how nature could be that way, prompting the study of purported completions of quantum mechanics by hidden variables. Bell-type theorems connect assumptions about hidden variables with empirical predictions for the outcome of quantum correlation experiments. From among these assumptions, the Setting Independence assumption has received the least formal attention. Its violation is, however, central in the recent discussion about super-deterministic models for quantum correlation experiments. In this paper, we focus on the non-local modal correlations in the GHZ experiment. We model the introduction of hidden variables in the form of instruction sets via structure extensions in the framework of Branching Space-Times. This framework allows us to show in formal detail how the introduction of non-contextual instruction sets results in a specific violation of Setting Independence; a similar result is derived for contextual instruction sets. Our discussion provides additional reasons for foregoing the introduction of local hidden variables, and for accepting non-local quantum correlations as a resource provided by nature.","PeriodicalId":48832,"journal":{"name":"European Journal for Philosophy of Science","volume":"53 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71516928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testability and viability: is inflationary cosmology “Scientific”? 可测试性和可行性：膨胀宇宙学是“科学的”吗？

IF 1.5 1区哲学

European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13194-023-00556-3

Richard Dawid, Casey McCoy

引用次数: 3

Efficiency and fairness trade-offs in two player bargaining games 两人讨价还价博弈中的效率与公平权衡

IF 1.5 1区哲学

European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s13194-023-00553-6

David Freeborn

{"title":"Efficiency and fairness trade-offs in two player bargaining games","authors":"David Freeborn","doi":"10.1007/s13194-023-00553-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13194-023-00553-6","url":null,"abstract":"Recent work on the evolution of social contracts and conventions has often used models of bargaining games, with reinforcement learning. A recent innovation is the requirement that every strategy must be invented either through through learning or reinforcement. However, agents frequently get stuck in highly-reinforced “traps” that prevent them from arriving at outcomes that are efficient or fair to the both players. Agents face a trade-off between exploration and exploitation, i.e. between continuing to invent new strategies and reinforcing strategies that have already become highly reinforced by yielding high rewards. In this paper I systematically study the relationship between rates of invention and the efficiency and fairness of outcomes in two-player, repeated bargaining games. I use a basic reinforcement learning model with invention, and five variations of this model, designed introduce various forms of forgetting, to prioritize more recent reinforcement, or to maintain a higher rate of invention. I use computer simulations to investigate the outcomes of each model. Each models shows qualitative similarities in the relationship between the efficiency and fairness of outcomes, and the relative amount of exploration or exploitation that takes place. Surprisingly, there are often trade-offs between the efficiency and the fairness of the outcomes.","PeriodicalId":48832,"journal":{"name":"European Journal for Philosophy of Science","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71435168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three arguments for wave function realism 波函数实在论的三个论点

IF 1.5 1区哲学

European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s13194-023-00554-5

Alyssa Ney

引用次数: 0