Infectious Diseases of Poverty最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of mpox infection among men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Luqiu Tao, Yanzheng Zou, Lilei Wang, Li Pan, Hongru Zhu, Yili Qian, Yu He, Zhihui Wu, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40249-026-01493-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-026-01493-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mpox has been twice declared as public health emergency of international concern by World Health Organization. The 2022-2024 global outbreak has been primarily driven by sexual transmission within men who have sex with men (MSM) networks, predominantly involving Clade IIb, with a subsequent surge of Clade Ib in early 2024. MSM account for a large proportion of confirmed mpox cases. This review aimed to estimate the prevalence of mpox infection among MSM populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Data for studies published in English or Chinese from inception to 16 December 2024. Eligible studies reported mpox cases among MSM with confirmed diagnosis (laboratory or self-reported) during the outbreak period. Reviews, case reports, and studies without case numbers were excluded. American Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were adopted for quality assessment. Fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled prevalence of mpox among MSM. Heterogeneity was measured using Cochran's Q test and I² statistics. Meta regression analysis was performed to discover the potential source of the heterogeneity. Funnel plot, Egger's regression test and Begg's rank correlation test were conducted to evaluate the publication bias. Sensitivity analyses were performed by leave-one-out analysis and by stratified validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1606 retrieved studies, 28 studies were eligible and included, containing a total of 46,598 MSM participants and 1274 mpox cases from 15 countries. The pooled mpox prevalence among MSM population was 2.30% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29-3.57%]. Meta-regression identified continent as the most significant moderator, with prevalence in South America (9.58, 95% CI: 2.71-20.01%) being significantly higher than in Asia (1.14, 95% CI: 0.56-1.90%) (P = 0.019). Sampling method also contributed to the heterogeneity, whereas no statistically significant difference was observed in mpox prevalence among high-risk MSM, asymptomatic MSM, comparing to the general MSM populations respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirms a significant but highly heterogeneous burden of mpox among MSM worldwide. The findings suggest that the observed prevalence is shaped more by regional epidemiological contexts and study methodologies, which emphasizes the necessity for geographically prioritized interventions and standardizing surveillance to enable accurate risk assessment and guide resource allocation in future outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13483694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B and D burden in Uzbekistan: comprehensive analysis of seroprevalence and risk correlates from a countrywide study.","authors":"Erkin Isakovich Musabaev, Malika Erkinovna Khodjaeva, Aziza Saydullaevna Khikmatullaeva, Nargiz Sapievna Ibadullaeva, Fatima Shokir Kizi Shodieva, Gulnara Karimovna Khudaykulova, Nigora Ubaydullaevna Tadjieva, Sobirjon Bakhtiyorovich Amonov, Ulugbek Khudayberdievich Mirzaev","doi":"10.1186/s40249-026-01487-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-026-01487-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Uzbekistan faces a substantial burden of hepatitis B and D virus (HBV and HDV) infections despite implementing universal hepatitis B vaccination in 1998. Regional variation in disease distribution and contemporary transmission dynamics remain inadequately characterized. Our objective was to evaluate the geographically stratified prevalence of HBV and HDV, while also identifying the key risk factors fueling transmission within the adult population of Uzbekistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study of 10,552 adults across seven regions of Uzbekistan from July 2022 to June 2024. Participants were selected using stratified random sampling from a parent cohort of 1,048,575 individuals. Serological testing included hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), anti-HDV antibodies, and viral RNA detection. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent risk factors for HBV and HDV infections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall HBsAg prevalence was 4.7% (95% CI: 4.3-5.1%), with substantial geographic heterogeneity ranging from 3.2% in Tashkent to 6.3% in Bukhara. Among HBsAg-positive individuals, 68.1% had detectable HBV DNA and 12.7% had HDV superinfection. HDV RNA prevalence among HBV DNA-positive individuals ranged from 2.5% to 23.7% across regions. Age-cohort analysis demonstrated vaccination program impact, with older unvaccinated adults bearing disproportionate disease burden. Female sex associated with 31% lower odds of chronic HBsAg carriage. Married status, healthcare-associated exposures, and body piercings correlated with increased anti-HBc positivity. Remarkably, sharing personal hygiene items showed striking HDV-specific association (aOR 2.34, 95% CI: 1.16-4.74; P = 0.02) but no association with HBV markers, suggesting distinct transmission pathways for HDV superinfection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Persistent HBV burden with notable regional clustering and HDV superinfection necessitates targeted interventions. The identification of personal hygiene item sharing as a specific HDV transmission route provides an actionable household-level prevention target. Intensified screening and treatment of unvaccinated adults remain critical for hepatitis elimination efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13479457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical synergy in artemisia annua herbal tea against malaria: a systematic review of its efficacy and safety in the context of emerging Pfkelch13 resistance.","authors":"Jérôme Munyangi Wa Nkola, Pierre Akilimali Zalagile, Hendrick Lukuke Mbutshu, Spartacus Kabala Munyemo, Imani Ramazani Bin Eradi, Alioune Camara","doi":"10.1186/s40249-026-01486-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-026-01486-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Emerging Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinin derivatives, mediated principally by mutations in the Pfkelch13 propeller domain, is reshaping the antimalarial therapeutic landscape across sub-Saharan Africa and the Greater Mekong subregion. Concurrently, whole-plant Artemisia annua herbal tea has re-emerged in malaria-endemic settings, prompting renewed scrutiny of its phytochemical matrix and its clinical performance relative to artemisinin-based combination therapy. The present systematic review synthesises the contemporary evidence on the efficacy and safety of Artemisia annua herbal tea against P. falciparum malaria in the context of emerging Pfkelch13 resistance, and delineates the priorities for future clinical, phytochemical, and resistance-monitoring research on the basis of that synthesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A PRISMA-2020-compliant systematic review was conducted across six databases for the period January 2000 to December 2025. Randomised controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, in vitro phytochemical synergy assays, and rodent Plasmodium infection models were eligible. Two reviewers screened, extracted, and quality-rated the studies independently (Cohen's κ =0.83) using RoB 2.0, Newcastle-Ottawa, and the RITAM stacking criteria. A qualitative narrative synthesis with GRADE-style confidence rating across twelve outcomes was performed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Thirty studies were retained. Mechanistically, whole-plant A. annua delivers over forty co-extracted phytochemicals that act through multiple, partly redundant antimalarial targets. Chou-Talalay combination indices below 1 were documented for artemisinin co-administered with luteolin (Combination index, CI = 0.36), quercetin (CI = 0.42), and casticin (CI = 0.58) at a 1:3 molar ratio, and whole-plant IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values were 3-5 × lower than those of equivalent-concentration purified artemisinin on 3D7, chloroquine-resistant, and multidrug-resistant strains. In Pfkelch13-mutant rodent P. falciparum lines, stable resistance to whole-plant therapy emerged three times more slowly than to equivalent-dose purified dihydroartemisinin. Clinically, retained randomised trials demonstrated rapid initial parasite clearance within 72 h-Mueller day-7 cure 74% vs 91% (quinine); Blanke day-7 cure 7/10 vs 7/9 and day-28 cure 1/9 (11.1%); Magalhães first-day parasitaemia-negative at ~ 175 mg cumulative artemisinin- but day-28 parasitological cure rates of A. annua monotherapy fell consistently below the 95.5-98.6% artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) benchmark band wherever directly reported [Blanke 1/9 (11.1%) vs sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine 3/8 (37.5%); Magalhães 0/7 sustained cure]. The Mueller 2004 trial did not directly report day-28 parasitological cure as a primary endpoint; an end-of-follow-up recrudescence of approximately 26% overall precludes direct day-28 numerical benchmarking but is consistent with a sustained-c","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13471599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world analysis of depression-related adverse events associated with the adsorbed anthrax vaccine: integrating pharmacovigilance signals, machine learning risk prediction, and transcriptomic mechanisms.","authors":"Guangwei Qing, Yimei Zhao, Jian Yang, Gang Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40249-026-01483-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-026-01483-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anthrax remains a life-threatening zoonotic disease in resource-limited settings. Adsorbed anthrax vaccine (AVA, BioThrax) is the only United States-authorized preexposure prophylaxis for high-risk Bacillus anthracis exposure. Although AVA safety has been described, depression-related adverse events (AEs) remain insufficiently characterized. This study evaluated real-world depression-related safety signals associated with AVA and anthrax-related antibacterial agents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AVA-related AE reports were extracted from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), and depression-related AE reports for seven anthrax-related antibacterial agents were retrieved from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). AEs were coded using Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA). Disproportionality analyses were performed using four standard signal-detection methods, with sensitivity analysis excluding concurrent vaccination. Seven complementary machine learning algorithms, covering regression, tree-based, boosting, kernel, instance-based, and probabilistic methods, explored predictors, with Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) for interpretation. Time-to-onset, clinical priority, and exploratory transcriptomic signatures were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In VAERS, 9446 AVA-related AE reports were identified, including 180 depression-related cases [total depression population n = 180, ROR 5.02 (95% CI: 4.33-5.81)]. Males (78.2%) and individuals aged 31-45 years (49.1%) were most represented, with a median time-to-onset of 10 days and 44.1% classified as serious. Stronger signals were observed in individuals aged 46-65 years [n = 35, ROR 10.31 (95% CI: 7.37-14.42)] and males [n = 142, ROR 6.11 (95% CI: 5.16-7.24)]. Machine learning highlighted serious AEs and age as key predictors. Transcriptomic analysis suggested immune-inflammatory pathway overlap, including neutrophil activation and Yersinia infection. In FAERS, levofloxacin [n = 634, ROR 1.37 (95% CI: 1.27-1.49)] and doxycycline [n = 332, ROR 1.53 (95% CI: 1.38-1.71)] showed positive depression-related reporting signals; \"Depression suicidal\" had moderate clinical priority.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AVA was associated with a potential depression-related pharmacovigilance signal, particularly among males and adults, with early post-vaccination onset. These findings support targeted mental health monitoring after AVA, clearer safety communication in anthrax prevention programs, and vigilance when levofloxacin or doxycycline is used for anthrax therapy. As spontaneous reporting cannot establish causality or incidence, controlled epidemiological studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-managing the double burden: strategies for simultaneously tackling infectious and non-communicable diseases.","authors":"Jiao-Jiao Li, Mei-Lan Fu, Lingyun-Fei Kong, Zi-Yu Zhao, Okugbe Ebiotubo Ohore, Robert Bergquist, Marcel Tanner, Guo-Jing Yang","doi":"10.1186/s40249-026-01477-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-026-01477-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence increasingly shows close, bidirectional links between infectious diseases (IDs) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, research, health policy, and prevention practices still largely address them in separate frameworks. This scoping review summarises the current evidence on the interconnections between IDs and NCDs and explores integrated strategies for their prevention and management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for English-language systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between Jan 1, 2000, and April 20, 2026. Two reviewers independently screened eligible studies and extracted effect estimates for associations between IDs and NCDs. Evidence was grouped into two themes: associations between infectious agents and cancer, and the effects of NCDs on susceptibility to or severity of IDs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 5799 records identified, 41 meta-analyses or systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. The included reviews showed associations between pathogen infections and specific cancers, including hepatitis B and C virus infections with liver cancer, human papillomavirus infection with cervical cancer, and Helicobacter pylori infection with gastric cancer. IDs were also associated with an increased risk or burden of NCDs, as illustrated by the association between tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conversely, NCDs could affect susceptibility to and outcomes of IDs; patients with diabetes or cardiovascular disease had higher risks of severe disease or adverse outcomes following tuberculosis, influenza, or COVID-19 infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IDs and NCDs can interact through shared mechanisms, overlapping risk factors, and bidirectional pathways, underscoring the need for integrated strategies that combine prevention, early detection, treatment, and long-term management. At the public health level, this calls for health policies and financing mechanisms to move beyond disease-specific silos towards systemic frameworks that support integrated prevention and control, coordinated management, and cross-sectoral action.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13425991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148649524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening India's pandemic preparedness with the four zonal institutes of virology: stakeholder consultations for outbreak response and collaborative research priorities.","authors":"Kunal Pise, Babasaheb Tandale, Naveen Kumar, Pradip Barde, Ashok Munivenkatappa, Basavaraj Mathapati, Abhijeet Jadhav, Pankaj Rawat, Shrinivasa Basavaraj, Satish Gaikwad, Avinash Deoshatwar, Sakib Akther Pattassery, Susha Kutteyil, Anisha Pulinchani","doi":"10.1186/s40249-026-01484-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-026-01484-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM) scheme, supported by the World Bank, is establishing four zonal National Institutes of Virology (NIVs) in India. It is essential to identify the zonal disease and research priorities so as to focus research at zonal levels. This study reports a zonal viral disease prioritisation exercise to support outbreak response and collaborative research. It describes zonal-prioritised viral diseases, assesses concordance and differences in zonal priority lists and, and identifies cross‑cutting research themes and preparedness gaps using an multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA)‑based consensus process.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a cross-sectional, multi-stakeholder consultative study across four geographical zones of India in March 2024. The zonal-level consultative workshops employed a systematic consensus-building approach using the modified One Health Zoonotic Disease Prioritisation (OHZDP) tool, adapted for emerging viral diseases and applied via MCDA. We identified zonal-level stakeholders, listed 40 viral diseases and categorised them into three groups: common occurrence (Group A), limited occurrence (Group B), and rare occurrences with a chance of emergence, evolution or importation (Group C). The stakeholders from state health departments, medical colleges, research institutes and the Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL) network ranked the viral diseases and research themes in each zone. Spearman rank correlation was used to assess concordance of priority rankings between zones.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 186 participants (42-48 per zone) contributed to the four zonal workshops including collaborators from VRDL laboratories (26%), public health stakeholders from Integrated Disease Surveillance programme(IDSP) (28%), invited experts (21%), organisers (19%) and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) representatives (6%). The key outcomes included the zone-specific lists of priority viral diseases in Groups A, B and C. There were zonal variations in viral disease prioritisation, reflecting local epidemiological patterns. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed moderate positive correlation between the Central and East zones (rho = 0.697, P = 0.031), whereas other pairwise comparisons were not statistically significant, which indicated both shared and distinct priority patterns within the zones. The top five priority viral diseases across zones included dengue, influenza, measles, Japanese encephalitis and hepatitis A. The research themes and subthemes were then decided for collaborative research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;These multistakeholder consultations provided a novel, replicable template for prioritising viral diseases to develop strategies for mitigating the impact of future outbreaks through collaborative research. These zonal priorities may guide similar exercises at national,","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13411115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148609039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of climate change on the global circulation of chikungunya virus: current evidence, future projections, and adaptation strategies.","authors":"Chao Wang, Xinyao Li, Lili Wang, Xiaohui Zhao, Yan Liu, Jianhua Xiao, Haoran Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40249-026-01480-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-026-01480-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Climate change is accelerating the circulation of the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), posing a significant threat to both endemic areas and immunologically naive temperate regions. This study aims to synthesize empirical climatic drivers, future transmission projections, and global adaptation strategies to evaluate current evidence and identify key research gaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review completed protocol registration on the Open Science Framework prior to literature retrieval, with systematic searches conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and EBSCOhost to collect all relevant English peer-reviewed papers published between Jan 1, 2000 and Nov 1, 2025. Multi-level screening filtered out unqualified literature, and unified datasets related to epidemiological parameters, predictive models and adaptation measures were extracted from 104 eligible studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that: (1) Current evidence reveals post-2014 research favors Europe and South America, disproportionately focusing on temperature (n = 38) and precipitation (n = 32). CHIKV transmission exhibits a non-linear thermal optimum (23-30 °C) and a 1-to-4-week lag following extreme precipitation. (2) Future projections (n = 24) consistently indicate transboundary vector expansion into higher latitudes and altitudes. (3) Regarding adaptation strategies, we conceptualized a three-tiered intervention framework. However, a stark socioeconomic-climatic gap emerged: while 43% of the research centers on mid-tier early warning systems in high and upper-middle-income nations, evidence for the foundational infrastructural resilience in low-income regions is limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This global climate-CHIKV synthesis reveals structurally imbalanced preparedness. To mitigate escalating transboundary risks, international health policies must pivot from solely reactive surveillance. Future priorities should include proactive, climate-resilient urban infrastructure and equitable cross-border coalitions in neglected low-resource settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148585800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal prediction of scrub typhus incidence and environmental risk factors in Republic of Korea: a Bayesian hierarchical approach.","authors":"Youlim Kim, Doheon Kwon, Emmanuel Hasahya, Hu Suk Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40249-026-01481-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-026-01481-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Scrub typhus is a vector-borne infectious disease that is a major public health concern in Republic of Korea. Environmental factors are associated with disease transmission. However, comprehensive predictive models incorporating multiple environmental determinants while accounting for spatial and temporal correlations remain limited. This study aimed to characterize the spatiotemporal patterns of scrub typhus incidence and develop a Bayesian spatiotemporal prediction model incorporating multiple environmental covariates across 229 administrative units in the Republic of Korea from 2015 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a comprehensive analytical framework using national surveillance data from 229 administrative units collected from January 2015 to December 2024. Seasonal-trend decomposition, hotspot analysis, and negative binomial regression were employed to characterize spatiotemporal patterns to inform the Bayesian spatiotemporal modelling framework. Bayesian prediction modelling using an Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation was implemented to analyse environmental covariates, including temperature, relative humidity, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), elevation, and cropland ratio, while accounting for spatial clustering and temporal autocorrelation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spatiotemporal analyses revealed distinct seasonal dynamics, with November incidence rates 91-fold higher than those in February [incidence rate ratio (IRR): 91.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) 66.50-125.00], and significant geographic clustering in southern provinces. The Bayesian model identified significant positive associations between disease risk and temperature [IRR: 1.02 per 1 °C, 95% credible interval (CrI): 1.01-1.04], NDVI (IRR: 1.07 per 0.1-unit, 95% CrI: 1.03-1.11), and elevation (IRR: 1.32 per 100 m, 95% CrI: 1.15-1.51). Relative humidity showed contrasting effects depending on the lag period, with protective effects at a 1-month lag (IRR: 0.96, 95% CrI: 0.93-0.999) but increased risk at a 2-month lag (IRR: 1.16, 95% CrI: 1.12-1.21).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This comprehensive framework successfully captured spatiotemporal disease patterns and provided quantitative risk assessment capabilities for evidence-based public health planning and targeted preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13393755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, determinants, and wealth-related inequalities in malaria among under five children in Uganda: evidence from the malaria indicator survey.","authors":"Edson Mwebesa, Delight Mawufemor Agbi, Isaac Isiko, Gideon Ikemdinachi Nwankwo, Rejoice Uche Obiora, Bisola Folusho Olubiyi, Charles Natuhamya","doi":"10.1186/s40249-026-01479-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-026-01479-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five in Uganda. Despite national control efforts, significant disparities and inequalities in prevalence persist across regions, residences, and mean socio-economic status. This study examines the socio-demographic factors and wealth-related inequalities associated with malaria among children under five in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A secondary analysis of data from the Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey (UMIS) 2018-2019 was conducted. A sample of 4,600 children with malaria test results was included in the study. The distribution of malaria prevalence across socio-demographic factors was analysed using cross-tabulations and a chi-squared test. Malaria-related inequalities were measured using equity plots and the concentration index (CIX). A multilevel logistic regression model was used to examine the relationship between malaria prevalence and associated factors. The results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Almost twenty-three in every 100 children under five had malaria infection (95% CI: 19.2-27.0). Regional variations in malaria prevalence and wealth-related inequalities were observed. The multilevel model identified several significant independent factors: older child age (aOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.51-2.96, P < 0.001), child's anemia (aOR = 3.16, 95% CI: 2.33-4.29, P < 0.001), and larger household size (aOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.13-3.45, P < 0.05) were positively associated with malaria in children under five years in Uganda. A negative concentration index (CIX = - 0.334, P < 0.001) was also observed, indicating that higher malaria prevalence is concentrated among children in the poorest wealth quintile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Malaria prevalence in Uganda is associated with a complex interplay of socioeconomic and geographic factors. The substantial disparities observed highlight the need for tailored public health strategies designed for high-burden regions and vulnerable communities to reduce disease burden effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13383128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Influenza vaccine hesitancy versus uptake in seven Chinese megacities: a cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Tao Li, Qian Xiong, Peixin Wu","doi":"10.1186/s40249-026-01476-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-026-01476-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13371379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}