Infectious Diseases of Poverty最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of epilepsy in the onchocerciasis endemic middle belt of Ghana after 27 years of mass drug administration with ivermectin.","authors":"Kenneth Bentum Otabil, Blessing Ankrah, Emmanuel John Bart-Plange, Emmanuel Sam Donkoh, Fiona Amoabil Avarikame, Fredrick Obeng Ofori-Appiah, Theophilus Nti Babae, Prince-Charles Kudzordzi, Vera Achiaa Darko, Joseph Ameyaw, Joseph Gyekye Bamfo, Raji Abdul Sakibu, Daniel Antwi-Berko, Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo, María-Gloria Basáñez, Henk D F H Schallig, Robert Colebunders","doi":"10.1186/s40249-023-01117-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-023-01117-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In onchocerciasis-endemic areas with high ongoing Onchocerca volvulus transmission, a high prevalence of epilepsy has been reported. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of epilepsy in the Bono Region of Ghana following 27 years of implementation of ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between October 2020 and August 2021, cross-sectional surveys were conducted in nine communities in the Tain District and Wenchi Municipality of the Bono Region of Ghana. In the first stage, a random door-to-door approach was used to screen the population for epilepsy using a pre-tested questionnaire. Persons suspected of having epilepsy were invited for a second-stage neurological examination for case verification. Community O. volvulus microfilarial infection status and Ov16 seropositivity were also determined. Ninety-five confidence intervals (95% CI) for prevalence values were calculated using the Wilson Score Interval.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 971 participants, 500 (51.5%) were females, and the median age (interquartile range) was 26 (15‒43) years. Fourteen participants (1.4%, 95% CI: 1.0‒2.0) were diagnosed as having epilepsy with generalized seizures being the most frequent seizure type (85.7%, 12/14). The overall microfilarial prevalence of O. volvulus was 10.3% (November 2020) and 9.9% (August 2021); the Ov16 seroprevalence was 22.2% (June 2021). Only 63.2% took ivermectin in the last round of MDA distribution in March 2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 1.4% prevalence of epilepsy in the Bono region is similar to the median epilepsy prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the persistent microfilarial prevalence and low ivermectin study coverage call for the Ghana Onchocerciasis Elimination Programme to step up its efforts to ensure that the gains achieved are consolidated and improved to achieve the elimination of onchocerciasis by 2030.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10433588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10381062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel strategy for screening mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of Aedes albopictus based on multiplex PCR-mass spectrometry minisequencing technology.","authors":"Qunzheng Mu, Xin Zhao, Fengfeng Li, Wenyu Li, Xinxin Zhou, Xinchang Lun, Yiguan Wang, Dongdong Hua, Qiyong Liu, Di Xiao, Fengxia Meng","doi":"10.1186/s40249-023-01122-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-023-01122-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current prevention and control strategy for Aedes albopictus heavily relies on comprehensive management, such as environmental management and chemical control. However, the wide application of pyrethroids has facilitated the development of insecticide resistance, primarily via mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene. This study aims to develop a novel strategy for detecting mutations in the VGSC gene in Ae. albopictus using multiplex PCR-mass spectrometry (MPCR-MS) minisequencing technology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established a new strategy for detecting mutations in the VGSC gene in Ae. albopictus using MPCR-MS minisequencing technology. MPCR amplification and mass probe extension (MPE) were first used, followed by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing mass spectrometry, which allows the simultaneous detection of multiple mutation sites of the VGSC gene in 96 samples of Ae. albopictus. A total of 70 wild-collected Ae. albopictus were used to evaluate the performance of the method by comparing it with other methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three target sites (1016, 1532, 1534) in the VGSC gene can be detected simultaneously by double PCR amplification combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, achieving a detection limit of 20 fg/μl. We applied this method to 70 wild-collected Ae. albopictus, and the obtained genotypes were consistent with the routine sequencing results, suggesting the accuracy of our method.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MPCR-MS minisequencing technology provides a sensitive and high-throughput approach to Ae. albopictus VGSC gene mutation screening. Compared with conventional sequencing, this method is economical and time-saving. It is of great value for insecticide resistance surveillance in areas with a high risk of vector-borne disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10012909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate and long-term outcomes after treat-all among people living with HIV in China: an interrupted time series analysis.","authors":"Xinsheng Wu, Guohui Wu, Ping Ma, Rugang Wang, Linghua Li, Yinghui Sun, Junjie Xu, Yuwei Li, Tong Zhang, Quanmin Li, Yuecheng Yang, Lijing Wang, Xiaoli Xin, Ying Qiao, Bingxue Fang, Zhen Lu, Xinyi Zhou, Yuanyi Chen, Qi Liu, Gengfeng Fu, Hongxia Wei, Xiaojie Huang, Bin Su, Hui Wang, Huachun Zou","doi":"10.1186/s40249-023-01119-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-023-01119-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2003, China implemented free antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV (PLHIV), establishing an eligibility threshold of CD4 < 200 cells/μl. Subsequently, the entry criteria were revised in 2012 (eligibility threshold: CD4 ≤ 350 cells/μl), 2014 (CD4 ≤ 500 cells/μl), and 2016 (treat-all). However, the impact of treat-all policy on HIV care and treatment indicators in China is unknown. We aimed to elucidate the immediate and long-term impact of the implementation of treat-all policy in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anonymized programmatic data on ART initiation and collection in PLHIV who newly started ART were retrieved between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019, from two provincial and municipal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and ten major infectious disease hospitals specialized in HIV care in China. We used Poisson and quasi-Poisson segmented regression models to estimate the immediate and long-term impact of treat-all on three key indicators: monthly proportion of 30-day ART initiation, mean CD4 counts (cells/μl) at ART initiation, and mean estimated time from infection to diagnosis (year). We built separate models according to gender, age, route of transmission and region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Monthly data on ART initiation and collection were available for 75,516 individuals [gender: 83.8% males; age: median 39 years, interquartile range (IQR): 28-53; region: 18.5% Northern China, 10.9% Northeastern China, 17.5% Southern China, 49.2% Southwestern China]. In the first month of treat-all, compared with the contemporaneous counterfactual, there was a significant increase in proportion of 30-day ART initiation [+ 12.6%, incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.126, 95% CI: 1.033-1.229; P = 0.007] and mean estimated time from infection to diagnosis (+ 7.0%, IRR = 1.070, 95% CI: 1.021-1.120; P = 0.004), while there was no significant change in mean CD4 at ART initiation (IRR = 0.990, 95% CI: 0.956-1.026; P = 0.585). By December 2019, the three outcomes were not significantly different from expected levels. In the stratified analysis, compared with the contemporaneous counterfactual, mean CD4 at ART initiation showed significant increases in Northern China (+ 3.3%, IRR = 1.033, 95% CI: 1.001-1.065; P = 0.041) and Northeastern China (+ 8.0%, IRR = 1.080, 95% CI: 1.003-1.164; P = 0.042) in the first month of treat-all; mean estimated time from infection to diagnosis showed significant increases in male (+ 5.6%, IRR = 1.056, 95% CI: 1.010-1.104; P = 0.016), female (+ 14.8%, IRR = 1.148, 95% CI: 1.062-1.240; P < 0.001), aged 26-35 (+ 5.3%, IRR = 1.053, 95% CI: 1.001-1.109; P = 0.048) and > 50 (+ 7.8%, IRR = 1.078, 95% CI: 1.000-1.161; P = 0.046), heterosexual transmission (+ 12.4%, IRR = 1.124, 95% CI: 1.042-1.213; P = 0.002) and Southwestern China (+ 12.9%, IRR = 1.129, 95% CI: 1.055-1.208; P < 0.001) in the first month of treat-all.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The impleme","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10157373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection of sheep by Echinococcus multilocularis in Gansu, China: evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analysis.","authors":"Nigus Abebe Shumuye, Li Li, Wen-Hui Li, Nian-Zhang Zhang, Yan-Tao Wu, Yao-Dong Wu, Wen-Jun Tian, Lin-Sheng Zhang, Xiao-Feng Nian, Guo-Dong Dai, Wei-Gang Chen, Sheng-Zhi Gao, Xue-Qi Tian, Jun-Shi Liu, Bin Li, Nigatu Kebede, Bao-Quan Fu, Hong-Bin Yan, Wan-Zhong Jia","doi":"10.1186/s40249-023-01120-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-023-01120-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the normal life cycle of the parasite (Echinococcus multilocularis) that causes alveolar echinococcosis, domestic and wild carnivores act as definitive hosts, and rodents act as intermediate hosts. The presented study contributes to the research on the distribution and transmission pattern of E. multilocularis in China having identified sheep as an unusual intermediate host taking part in the domestic transmission of alveolar echinococcosis in Gansu Province, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2020 to 2021, nine whitish different cyst-like were collected from the liver of sheep in Gansu Province for examination. A near complete mitochondrial (mt) genome and selected nuclear genes were amplified from the cyst-like lesion for identification. To confirm the status of the specimen, comparative analysis with reference sequences, phylogenetic analysis, and network analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The isolates displayed ≥ 98.87% similarity to E. multilocularis NADH dehydrogenase sub-unit 1 (nad1) (894 bp) reference sequences deposited in GenBank. Furthermore, amplification of the nad4 and nad2 genes also confirmed all nine samples as E. multilocularis with > 99.30% similarity. Additionally, three nuclear genes, pepck (1545 bp), elp-exons VII and VIII (566 bp), and elp-exon IX (256 bp), were successfully amplified and sequenced for one of the isolates with 98.42% similarity, confirming the isolates were correctly identified as E. multilocularis. Network analysis also correctly placed the isolates with other E. multilocularis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As a result of the discovery of E. multilocularis in an unusual intermediate host, which is considered to have the highest zoonotic potential, the result clearly demonstrated the necessity for expanded surveillance in the area.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10413491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of the DNA dipstick as a rapid extraction method for Schistosoma japonicum in infected mice samples and spiked human clinical samples.","authors":"Oyime P Aula, Donald P McManus, Malcolm K Jones, Hong You, Pengfei Cai, Catherine A Gordon","doi":"10.1186/s40249-023-01118-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40249-023-01118-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schistosomiasis remains a public health issue and the need for accurate and affordable diagnostics is crucial in the elimination of the disease. While molecular diagnostics are highly effective, they are expensive, with the main costs been associated with DNA extraction. The DNA dipstick is a rapid, affordable and simple purification method that allows DNA to be extracted from diagnostic samples within 30 s. We aimed to optimise the DNA dipstick method for samples from mice and egg-spiked human samples.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Urine, blood and faeces were collected from mice exposed to Schistosoma japonicum infection at weekly intervals from Day 0 to Day 42. Urine and faecal samples were also collected from volunteer, uninfected humans and spiked with S. japonicum eggs. All samples were subject to several optimisation procedures and DNA extracted with the DNA dipstick. Amplification of the target DNA was carried out using LAMP and visualised using agarose gel electrophoresis and flocculation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DNA dipstick successfully identified S. japonicum from infected mice and human clinical samples spiked with cracked eggs or genomic DNA from S. japonicum. Amplification was observed from week 4 post infection in infected mice. For human samples, amplification was observed in sieved faecal samples, filtered urine samples heated at 95 °C for 30 min, and sera samples heated at 95 °C for 30 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The DNA dipstick combined with LAMP has huge potential in providing cost-effective, simple and accurate detection of schistosomiasis infection in endemic regions. This will allow for rapid treatment, tracking outbreaks-such as occur after typhoons, leading to better health outcomes and contributing to control and eventual elimination of schistosomiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10405380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9962116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling global health security by building an academic community for One Health action.","authors":"Xiao-Xi Zhang,&nbsp;Xin-Chen Li,&nbsp;Qi-Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Jing-Shu Liu,&nbsp;Le-Fei Han,&nbsp;Zohar Lederman,&nbsp;Janna M Schurer,&nbsp;Patrícia Poeta,&nbsp;Md Tanvir Rahman,&nbsp;Shi-Zhu Li,&nbsp;Kokouvi Kassegne,&nbsp;Kun Yin,&nbsp;Yong-Zhang Zhu,&nbsp;Shang Xia,&nbsp;Lu He,&nbsp;Qin-Qin Hu,&nbsp;Le-Shan Xiu,&nbsp;Jing-Bo Xue,&nbsp;Han-Qing Zhao,&nbsp;Xi-Han Wang,&nbsp;Logan Wu,&nbsp;Xiao-Kui Guo,&nbsp;Zhao-Jun Wang,&nbsp;Bernhard Schwartländer,&nbsp;Ming-Hui Ren,&nbsp;Xiao-Nong Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s40249-023-01124-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-023-01124-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One Health approach is crucial to tackling complex global public health threats at the interface of humans, animals, and the environment. As outlined in the One Health Joint Plan of Action, the international One Health community includes stakeholders from different sectors. Supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, an academic community for One Health action has been proposed with the aim of promoting the understanding and real-world implementation of One Health approach and contribution towards the Sustainable Development Goals for a healthy planet.</p><p><strong>Main text: </strong>The proposed academic community would contribute to generating high-quality scientific evidence, distilling local experiences as well as fostering an interconnected One Health culture and mindset, among various stakeholders on different levels and in all sectors. The major scope of the community covers One Health governance, zoonotic diseases, food security, antimicrobial resistance, and climate change along with the research agenda to be developed. The academic community will be supported by two committees, including a strategic consultancy committee and a scientific steering committee, composed of influential scientists selected from the One Health information database. A workplan containing activities under six objectives is proposed to provide research support, strengthen local capacity, and enhance global participation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed academic community for One Health action is a crucial step towards enhancing communication, coordination, collaboration, and capacity building for the implementation of One Health. By bringing eminent global experts together, the academic community possesses the potential to generate scientific evidence and provide advice to local governments and international organizations, enabling the pursuit of common goals, collaborative policies, and solutions to misaligned interests.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10398903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9948583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Successful treatment with doxycycline monotherapy for human infection with Babesia venatorum (Babesiidae, Sporozoa) in China: a case report and proposal for a clinical regimen.","authors":"Lei Huang,&nbsp;Yi Sun,&nbsp;Dan-Dan Huo,&nbsp;Ming Xu,&nbsp;Luo-Yuan Xia,&nbsp;Ning Yang,&nbsp;Wei Hong,&nbsp;Lin Huang,&nbsp;Wei-Min Nie,&nbsp;Ru-He Liao,&nbsp;Ming-Zhu Zhang,&nbsp;Dai-Yun Zhu,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;He-Cheng Ma,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Yong-Gang Li,&nbsp;Xin-An Huang,&nbsp;Jing-Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Wu-Chun Cao,&nbsp;Fu-Sheng Wang,&nbsp;Jia-Fu Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s40249-023-01123-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-023-01123-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10373333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10263197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic RNA profiles in the small intestinal epithelia of cats after Toxoplasma gondii infection.","authors":"Bintao Zhai,&nbsp;Shi-Chen Xie,&nbsp;Jiyu Zhang,&nbsp;Jun-Jun He,&nbsp;Xing-Quan Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s40249-023-01121-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-023-01121-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Felids are the only definitive hosts of Toxoplasma gondii. However, the biological features of the feline small intestine following T. gondii infection are poorly understood. We investigated the changes in the expression of RNAs (including mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs) in the small intestinal epithelia of cats following T. gondii infection to improve our understanding of the life cycle of T. gondii and cat responses to T. gondii infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen cats were randomly assigned to five groups, and the infection groups were inoculated with 600 tissue cysts of the T. gondii Pru strain by gavage. The small intestinal epithelia of cats were collected at 6, 10, 14, and 30 days post infection (DPI). Using high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we investigated the changes in RNA expression. The expression levels of differentially expressed (DE) genes and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) identified by RNA-seq were validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Differential expression was determined using the DESeq R package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 207 annotated lncRNAs, 20,552 novel lncRNAs, 3342 novel circRNAs and 19,409 mRNAs were identified. Among these, 70 to 344 DE mRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs were detected, and the post-cleavage binding sites between 725 ncRNAs and 2082 miRNAs were predicted. Using the co-location method, we predicted that a total of 235 lncRNAs target 1044 protein-coding genes, while the results of co-expression analysis revealed that 174 lncRNAs target 2097 mRNAs. Pathway enrichment analyses of the genes targeted by ncRNAs suggested that most ncRNAs were significantly enriched in immune or diseases-related pathways. NcRNA regulatory networks revealed that a single ncRNA could be directly or indirectly regulated by multiple genes or ncRNAs that could influence the immune response of cats. Co-expression analysis showed that 242 circRNAs, mainly involved in immune responses, were significantly associated with T. gondii infection. In contrast, 1352 protein coding RNAs, mainly involved in nucleic acid process/repair pathways or oocyte development pathways, were negatively associated with T. gondii infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study is the first to reveal the expression profiles of circRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs in the cat small intestine following T. gondii infection and will facilitate the elucidation of the role of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of T. gondii infection in its definitive host, thereby facilitating the development of novel intervention strategies against T. gondii infection in humans and animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10367386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9885955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful treatment with doxycycline monotherapy for human infection with Babesia venatorum (Babesiidae, Sporozoa) in China: a case report and proposal for a clinical regimen.","authors":"Lei Huang,&nbsp;Yi Sun,&nbsp;Dan-Dan Huo,&nbsp;Ming Xu,&nbsp;Luo-Yuan Xia,&nbsp;Ning Yang,&nbsp;Wei Hong,&nbsp;Lin Huang,&nbsp;Wei-Min Nie,&nbsp;Ru-He Liao,&nbsp;Ming-Zhu Zhang,&nbsp;Dai-Yun Zhu,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;He-Cheng Ma,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Yong-Gang Li,&nbsp;Xin-An Huang,&nbsp;Jing-Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Wu-Chun Cao,&nbsp;Fu-Sheng Wang,&nbsp;Jia-Fu Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s40249-023-01111-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-023-01111-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human babesiosis is a worldwide disease caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Babesia. It is transmitted by bites from ixodid ticks, and mechanically transmitted by blood transfusion. It is primarily treated with quinine and/or atovaquone, which are not readily available in China. In this study, we developed a novel treatment regimen involving doxycycline monotherapy in a patient with severe Babesia venatorum infection as an alternative therapeutic medication. The aim of our study is to provide a guidance for clinical practice treatment of human babesiosis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 73-year-old man who had undergone splenectomy and blood transfusion 8 years prior, presented with an unexplained fever, headache, and thrombocytopenia, and was admitted to the Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital. He was diagnosed with B. venatorum infection by morphological review of thin peripheral blood smears, which was confirmed by multi-gene polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and sequencing of the entire 18s rRNA and partial β-tubulin encoding genes, as well as isolation by animal inoculation. The doxycycline monotherapy regimen (peros, 0.1 g bisindie) was administered following pharmacological guidance and an effective outcome was observed. The patient recovered rapidly following the doxycycline monotherapy. The protozoan load in peripheral blood samples decreased by 88% in hematocrit counts after 8 days, and negative PCR results were obtained after 90 days of follow-up at the hospital. The treatment lasted for 3 months without any side effects or sequelae. The nine-month follow-up survey of the patient did not reveal any signs of recrudescence or anti-babesial tolerance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We have reported a clinical case of successful doxycycline monotherapy for human babesiosis caused by B. venatorum, which provides an optional medical intervention for human babesiosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10339522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9871722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus genotypes in different geographical regions of Chinese mainland and a phylogenetic analysis.","authors":"Qiao Tang,&nbsp;Zhiwei Chen,&nbsp;Hu Li,&nbsp;Li Zhang,&nbsp;Mingli Peng,&nbsp;Yi Zeng,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Liu,&nbsp;Zubi Liu,&nbsp;Peng Hu","doi":"10.1186/s40249-023-01106-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-023-01106-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a major public health problem in Chinese mainland. Investigation of the distribution of genotypes contributed to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HCV infection. Therefore, we conducted a study on the distribution of HCV genotypes and phylogenetic analysis to provide an up-to-date understanding of the molecular epidemiology of genotypes in Chinese mainland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our retrospective multicenter study enrolled 11,008 samples collected between August 2018 and July 2019 from 29 provinces/municipalities (Beijing, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Tianjin, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, Jilin Liaoning, Henan, Hubei Hunan, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Shanghai Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan). Phylogenetic analysis of each subtype was performed to infer the evolutionary relationship of sequences from diverse regions. Two independent samples t tests were used for the comparison of continuous variables, and chi-square tests were used for the comparison of categorical variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four genotypes (1, 2, 3 and 6) were found, including 14 subtypes. HCV genotype 1 was dominant, accounting for 49.2%, followed by genotypes 2, 3 and 6, accounting for 22.4%, 16.4%, and 11.9%, respectively. Additionally, the top five subtypes were 1b, 2a, 3b, 6a and 3a. Proportions of genotypes 1 and 2 decreased while genotypes 3 and 6 increased over past years (P < 0.001). Genotypes 3 and 6 were concentrated in the population aged 30 to 50 years, and male carriers had lower proportions of subtypes 1b and 2a than female carriers (P < 0.01). Genotypes 3 and 6 were more prevalent in southern parts of Chinese mainland. Nationwide spreads of subtypes 1b and 2a were associated with sequences from northern parts of Chinese mainland, while subtypes 3a, 3b and 6a were associated with sequences from southern parts of Chinese mainland.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HCV subtypes 1b and 2a remained the most common subtypes in Chinese mainland, and their proportions decreased over the past years, while the proportions of genotypes 3 and 6 increased. Our investigation provided an accurate epidemiological picture of the circulating viral strains in Chinese mainland, contributing to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HCV infection.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":48820,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10331966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9816228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}