International Journal of Paleopathology最新文献

{"title":"Schmorl's nodes in a historic adult skeletal sample (19th to 20th centuries): An analysis of age, sex and occupation","authors":"João Tiago Brito ,&nbsp;Ana Luísa Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study explores the interplay between age-at-death, sex and occupation and the presence, location and severity of Schmorl’s nodes.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Vertebral columns of 327 individuals, 180 (55.1%) males and 147 (44.9%) females, with age-at-death between 20 and 65 years old, with known occupation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Schmorl’s nodes were recorded as present/absent and by location and severity.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this sample, 58.7% (192/327) of individuals were affected by Schmorl’s nodes, 75.6% (136/180) were males and 38.1% (56/147) were females, with statistically significant differences (<em>p=</em>0.000). Schmorl’s nodes were most commonly found on the T7-L2 (77.1% of all Schmorl’s nodes) vertebrae and at the center (73.4%) of the vertebral body surface. Age and occupational categories did not correlate with prevalence, quantity or severity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Males appear more prone to develop Schmorl's nodes than females. In this study, the prevalence of Schmorl’s nodes does not increase with age, nor with the type of occupation held by males.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study rejects the purported associations between prevalence of Schmorl’s nodes and age and physical stress.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>It is unknown whether individuals had the same occupation throughout their lives or for how long they performed it. Additionally, it is impossible to access when the individual developed the Schmorl’s node.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Evaluate the onset of Schmorl’s nodes in individuals under 20 and explore possible links between vertebral morphology and the occurrence of Schmorl’s nodes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002882/pdfft?md5=505a54d41981c3f934ac574cb5c68dec&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002882-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A probable case of hypophosphatasia in St Bride’s Lower Churchyard (1770–1849, London, UK)","authors":"Pierre-Hadrien Decaup ,&nbsp;Ana Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Christine Couture ,&nbsp;Sacha Kacki ,&nbsp;Tania Kausmally ,&nbsp;Elsa Garot","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The objective of this study was to analyse an individual whose remains are characterised by early deciduous tooth loss and multi-focal lesions on the post-cranial skeleton.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Skeletal remains of an immature individual buried between 1770 and 1849 in London.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The remains were examined by visual macroscopic inspection, supplemented by radiographic examination of the mandible and maxillae. A differential diagnosis with possible conditions, frequent in this archaeological context, was conducted. A comprehensive examination of dental lesions was performed to investigate the aetiologies of deciduous tooth loss.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The individual exhibited a mosaic of skeletal and dental pathological changes, including premature loss of deciduous dentition, premature eruption of permanent teeth generalised bone loss in both the mandible and maxilla; osteomyelitis of the left radius; osteolytic lesion on the body of the second lumbar vertebra, and marked expansions of the rib shafts due to sub-periosteal new bone formation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A differential diagnosis considered indicates that the pathological changes of the individual were most likely associated with a comorbidity involving hypophosphatasia and tuberculosis.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>We present in this study several oral signs that could alert paleopathologists and bioarcheologists to systematically consider the potential of a condition that is rarely encountered in archaeological contexts.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Due to poor preservation, this study was confined to the analysis of a partial maxilla and mandible, a left radius shaft and the axial skeleton (rib heads and vertebrae) of the individual.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Further radiographic, histological and genetic analyses would confirm the diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 24-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002997/pdfft?md5=cda5986f6b0cac781ffb0f957640095f&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002997-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal indicators of pathology in the context of early tooth loss in children: A systematic literature review","authors":"Ana Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Pierre-Hadrien Decaup ,&nbsp;Marion Andriantavy ,&nbsp;Christine Couture ,&nbsp;Elsa Garot","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To provide an evidence-based resource for paleopathologists to consider multiple skeletal indicators of pathology associated with early tooth loss in children to aid in diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Three databases (Cochrane Library, MedLine, and Scopus) were used for a review.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>According to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria, a systematic review guideline, 85 articles were selected.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 189 children had a syndrome or disease associated with early tooth loss. Our review, based on 25 diseases, lists the bone and dental lesions observable in archeological remains.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Based on a review of the literature, a synthesis of 25 diseases and syndromes that may be associated with premature loss of permanent or deciduous teeth in children was developed for paleopathologists. It highlights the importance of a thorough dental examination by paleopathologists to further assess past health conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This paper provides an extensive resource addressing early tooth loss in childhood to assist researchers with differential diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The articles included in this review are case reports based on living populations.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Further studies into diseases and their association with early tooth loss would complement this work, as would utilizing the differential diagnoses on archeological individuals to clarify its value and limitations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724003000/pdfft?md5=5c55bd966e1545a809a5f47513e256ef&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724003000-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplement to the International Journal of Paleopathology. Abstracts for contributions presented at the Paleopathology Association meetings in 2023.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142075796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis: A comparison of osteological and CT methods of diagnosis","authors":"Maia Casna,&nbsp;Sarah A. Schrader","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the differences between endoscopic and radiological methods of analysis for diagnosing chronic maxillary sinusitis (CMS) in archaeological skeletal remains.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>32 crania from a Dutch post-medieval rural population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We assessed the presence of bone changes indicative of CMS (i.e., bone growth and bone resorption) both endoscopically and through computed tomography (CT), and then compared results.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We observed moderate agreement between bone growth scores obtained through endoscopy and CT, and fair agreement when assessing bone resorption.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>CMS prevalence rates observed through CT may be comparable to rates assessed endoscopically, although caution is needed when making direct comparisons.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This is the first study comparing data obtained through endoscopy and radiological methods in the study of CMS, informing paleopathologists about potential biases in data comparison.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Our small sample size likely impacted results.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Further research is advised to fully explore the comparability of endoscopic and radiological method of analysis in the study of sinusitis.</p></div><div><h3>Data Availability</h3><p>The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available upon request.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724001980/pdfft?md5=27f5c47c6913be9bce37225919f47263&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724001980-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140621905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of non-adult vitamin C deficiency in three early medieval sites in the Jaun/Podjuna Valley, Carinthia, Austria","authors":"Magdalena T. Srienc-Ściesiek ,&nbsp;Nina Richards ,&nbsp;Sabine Ladstätter ,&nbsp;Sylvia Kirchengast","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aims to determine and discuss the prevalence of non-adult scurvy cases from the early medieval Jaun/Podjuna Valley in southern Austria.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>86 non-adult individuals were assessed from three early medieval sites.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Morphological characteristics associated with suggestive and probable scurvy were observed macroscopically and under 20–40x magnification.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A significant relationship between the prevalence of scurvy and age group was observed. Perinates (46%, 6/13) and children (27.5%, 8/28) showed a high prevalence of skeletal features indicating a diagnosis of scurvy, while no cases of scurvy were observed in adolescents and adults.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In this Alpine region, scurvy occurred frequently in infants and children. Seasonal fluctuations of diet are discussed as factors triggering scurvy.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study sheds new light on the prevalence of scurvy in the Alpine region and how the region developed after the fall of the Roman Noricum. It also models ways in which multiple lines of evidence can contribute to the diagnostic process.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Poor preservation posed a challenge to identifying probable cases of scurvy. Likewise, non-adult remains are difficult to diagnose due to their developing nature and it is not always possible to distinguish between normal bone growth and pathological growth.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Future applications of biomolecular studies will help illustrate changes in diet that may have contributed to vitamin deficiencies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 18-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140191954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A macroscopic assessment of porosity and new bone formation on the inferior pars basilaris: Normal growth or an indicator of scurvy?","authors":"Jack Eggington ,&nbsp;Rebecca Pitt ,&nbsp;Claire Hodson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This research aims to determine the aetiology of porosity and subperiosteal new bone formation on the inferior surface of the <em>pars basilaris</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>A total of 199 non-adult individuals aged 36 weeks gestation to 3.5 years, from a total of 12 archaeological sites throughout the UK, including Iron Age (n=43), Roman (n=12), and post-medieval (n=145) sites, with a preserved <em>pars basilaris</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The <em>pars basilaris</em> was divided into six segments, with porosity (micro and macro) and subperiosteal new bone formation recorded on the inferior surface in scorbutic and non-scorbutic individuals. Scurvy was diagnosed using criteria from the palaeopathological literature that was developed using a biological approach.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was no statistically significant difference in microporosity between scorbutic and non-scorbutic individuals in four out of the six segments analysed. There was a significant negative correlation between age and microporosity in non-scorbutic and scorbutic individuals. A significant difference in subperiosteal new bone formation was observed between scorbutic and non-scorbutic individuals.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Microporosity on the inferior pars basilaris should not be considered among the suite of lesions included in the macroscopic assessment of scurvy in non-adult skeletal remains (less than 3.5 years).</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study highlights the risk of over diagnosing scurvy in past populations.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>It is difficult to distinguish between physiological (normal) and pathological (abnormal) bone changes in the skeleton of individuals less than one year of age.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Future research should focus on the analysis of individuals over 3.5 years of age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 62-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002870/pdfft?md5=e79b56cb8348d3050e4b27bc559c6414&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002870-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141084570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontitis and alveolar resorption in human skeletal remains: The relationship between quantitative alveolar bone loss, occlusal wear, antemortem tooth loss, dental calculus and age at death in a low socioeconomic status, modern forensic human collection from Yucatan","authors":"S. Thamara Noriega Muro ,&nbsp;Andrea Cucina","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This paper assesses the relationship between the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and alveolar crest and risk factors commonly associated with periodontitis.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Eighty individuals between 28 and 92 years old with known biological sex and age were analyzed from a 20th century forensic human collection from Merida, Yucatan (Mexico).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Macroscopic assessment, along with metric analysis, was employed using a probe.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Ante-mortem tooth loss was positively correlated with the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and alveolar crest, as was the presence of root calculus in females.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Cemento-enamel junction to alveolar crest distance is not a reliable indicator of periodontitis since it is not directly related to periodontitis-causing infectious pathogens, and since ante-mortem tooth loss can affect root exposure.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study demonstrates that a purely quantitative approach to diagnosing periodontitis in archaeological and forensic human remains can be misleading.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The skeletal collection is only representative of the low socioeconomic class of Merida, and its female cohort is underrepresented. In addition, because the Xoclan collection is modern, limitations (particularly with respect to tooth wear) of the applicability of these interpretations to older archaeological remains exist.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestion for further research</h3><p>A combination of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of alveolar bone is needed to reliably diagnose periodontitis in skeletal populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 7-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140031495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protozoan parasites of birds from the Tremembé formation (Oligocene of the Taubaté Basin), São Paulo, Brazil","authors":"Gustavo Macêdo Do Carmo ,&nbsp;Bruno Pereira Berto ,&nbsp;Felipe Bisaggio Pereira ,&nbsp;Sueli De Souza Lima ,&nbsp;Hermínio Ismael De Araújo-Júnior ,&nbsp;Ralph Maturano Pinheiro","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To analyze the presence of protozoan parasites in bird coprolites from the Tremembé Formation (Oligocene of the Taubaté Basin).</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Twenty avian coprolites embedded in pyrobituminous shale matrices.</p></div><div><h3><strong>Methods</strong></h3><p>Samples were rehydrated and subjected to spontaneous sedimentation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Paleoparasitological analyses revealed oocysts compatible with the Eimeriidae family (Apicomplexa) and one single Archamoebae (Amoebozoa) cyst.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The present work increases the amount of information about the spread of infections throughout the Cenozoic Era and reveals that the Brazilian paleoavifauna played an important role in the Apicomplexa and Amoebozoa life cycles.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This is the first record of protozoans in avian coprolites from the Oligocene of Brazil. These findings can help in the interpretation of phylogenies of coccidian parasites of modern birds, as certain taxonomic characters observed in the Oligocene Protozoa characterize monophyletic groups in current molecular phylogenetic analyses.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>None of the oocysts were sporulated; therefore, it is not possible to identify the morphotypes to genus or species.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Our results create new perspectives related to biogeographic studies of the parasitic groups described and may improve the understanding of the temporal amplitude of parasitic evolutionary relationships between Protozoans and birds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 46-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140632829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcified uterine leiomyoma from an 18th-century nunnery in North Italy","authors":"Roberta Fusco ,&nbsp;Chiara Tesi ,&nbsp;Paolo Spina ,&nbsp;Ezio Fulcheri ,&nbsp;Marta Licata","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To develop a differential diagnosis of a mass retrieved alongside skeletal remains in the crypt of the church of Santissima Annunziata of Valenza (Province of Alessandria, Northern Italy).</p></div><div><h3>Material</h3><p>A calcified mass measuring 40 × 39 mm and 17.62 × 16.3817.62 × 16.38 mm.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The analysis utilized macroscopic assessment and histologic examination (including histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Morphological traits include an irregular and spongy external surface. Holes of different sizes lead toward the inner part of the object. A section of the mass shows an “intertwined bundle” pattern, confirmed by microscopic examination.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Differential diagnosis determined the mass to be consistent with calcified leiomyoma.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Identifying uterine leiomyoma adds to the paucity of paleopathological literature on the condition and to calcified tumors more broadly. It also allows for an important discussion of women’s gynecological health in the past and potentially among nulliparous women.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Neither histochemical staining nor immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated the certain muscular nature of the specimens due to the rehydration and decalcification processes, for which there are no gold standards.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Calcified masses are common in the clinical literature but remain rare in paleopathological literature. Careful excavation and improved recognition of apparently calcified masses are necessary to improve recognition, diagnosis, and interpretation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724000056/pdfft?md5=a9d2f2b48ec42206481b342def699fee&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724000056-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139908032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}