International Journal of Paleopathology最新文献

{"title":"Tentative indicators of malaria in archaeological skeletal samples, a pilot study testing different methods","authors":"Ioana Cătălina Paica ,&nbsp;Ioana Rusu ,&nbsp;Octavian Popescu ,&nbsp;Alexandru Brînzan ,&nbsp;Ion Pencea ,&nbsp;Cătălin Dobrinescu ,&nbsp;Beatrice Kelemen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2023.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2023.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study attempts to integrate multiple methods to investigate the presence of malaria in human skeletal samples from an archaeological context.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>33 well preserved human remains originating from a 17th-century archaeological site in southeastern Romania.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The human bone samples were analyzed using rapid diagnostic tests for malaria antigens and PCR amplification of <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> apical membrane antigen 1. A preliminary test was performed to identify and briefly characterize the presence of hemozoin using a combination of TEM imaging and diffraction.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The rapid diagnostic tests indicated that more than half of the examined samples were positive for <em>Plasmodium</em> antigens, but no traces of the parasites’ genetic material were detected despite repeated attempts. The TEM images indicated that hemozoin might be a promising diagnostic marker of malaria in ancient bones.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The indisputable identification of malaria in the analyzed archaeological population was not possible as none of the applied methodological strategies turned out to be straightforward.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study reinforces the intricacy and limitations of unequivocally identifying malaria in past populations and sets the stage for future studies on such life-threatening infectious disease in a geographical space, which is currently underrepresented in the bioarchaeological literature.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The low sample size and the lack of consistency across all assays hindered understanding the role of malaria in the studied population.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Further thorough multidisciplinary approaches on malaria detection in ancient settlements would be appropriate to inform our knowledge of its origins, frequency, and pathogen changes over centuries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Pages 109-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9195312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Battle wound as a probable cause of the death of an early medieval horse in Ostrów Lednicki, Poland","authors":"Maciej Janeczek ,&nbsp;Daniel Makowiecki ,&nbsp;Aleksandra Rozwadowska ,&nbsp;Edyta Pasicka","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2023.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2023.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>In this paper we interpret a pathology observed in an early medieval horse skull discovered near the abutment of the eastern Gniezno bridge in Ostrów Lednicki in Poland. We consider the possible cause of the observed damage in the context of the armed invasion of the Czech prince Brzetysław and a battle of Ostrów Lednicki.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>A skull of a 10-year-old male horse dated to the 11th century.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The skull was examined macroscopically and through computed tomography. Metric analysis was performed using digital callipers and the shoulder height was calculated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A penetrating lesion through the left frontal and nasal bones was observed. The floor and roof of the left conchofrontal sinus were destroyed along with the dorsal ethmoturbinates of the ethmoid labyrinth.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The observed damage was most likely a result of trauma, which caused a fatal haemorrhage rather than sudden death. Considering the historical context and the area where the skull was discovered, it could be a battle wound<strong>.</strong></p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This case is a rare example of an unhealed peri-mortem lesion in an animal skeleton that can be associated with an immediate cause of death.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The lack of a complete skeleton does not allow a complete analysis of horse’s condition and circumstances associated with its death.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Identification of the tool or weapon that was used to deliver the blow.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Pages 70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9255329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic trauma: Clinical and paleopathological perspectives","authors":"Brianne Morgan ,&nbsp;Karanvir Prakash ,&nbsp;John C. Mayberry ,&nbsp;Megan B. Brickley","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Although trauma is one of the most significant areas of study in paleopathology, most studies focus on fractures of single anatomical elements. Paleopathological research on regional trauma, such as of the thorax, is rare. This paper explores the causes, complications, and consequences of adult thoracic trauma using clinical data in order to inform paleopathological research.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Trends in paleopathological thoracic trauma literature were assessed by evaluating publications from Bioarchaeology International, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, International Journal of Paleopathology, and American Journal of Biological Anthropology. Clinical publications on thoracic trauma throughout time were also assessed through a PubMed search, and modern prevalence data was found through trauma databases such as the National Trauma Databank.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Consideration of thoracic trauma involving concomitant injuries is a recent trend in clinical literature and patient care, but paleopathological research on thoracic trauma has been limited. Since thoracic fractures tend to occur in conjunction with other injuries, assessing them together is critical to the interpretation of trauma in the past.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Clinical research into thoracic fractures and concomitant injuries provides valuable data for paleopathological research. Evaluating the likelihood and consequences of concomitant injury in skeletal remains provides a more robust understanding of trauma in the past and its impact on past lifeways.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This paper provides a review of current clinical and paleopathological literature on thoracic trauma and demonstrates the importance of moving beyond the analysis of fractures or trauma of single anatomical elements.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Thoracic bones are often taphonomically altered and differentially preserved leading to difficulty in identifying and interpreting fractures.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for Further Research</h3><p>Practical application of the data presented here to archaeological samples will help to advance paleopathological understandings of thoracic trauma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 50-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10395308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal parasite infection in the Augustinian friars and general population of medieval Cambridge, UK","authors":"Tianyi Wang ,&nbsp;Craig Cessford ,&nbsp;Jenna M. Dittmar ,&nbsp;Sarah Inskip ,&nbsp;Peter M. Jones ,&nbsp;Piers D. Mitchell","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate how lifestyle may have impacted the risk of contracting intestinal parasites in medieval England . Regular clergy (such as those living in monasteries) and the lay population form interesting groups for comparison as diet and lifestyle varied significantly. Monasteries were built with latrine blocks and hand washing facilities, unlike houses of the poor.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Sediment samples from the pelvis, along with control samples from feet and skull, of 19 burials of Augustinian Friars (13th-16th century), and 25 burials from All Saints by the Castle parish cemetery (10th-14th century), Cambridge.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analysed the sediment using micro-sieving and digital light microscopy to identify the eggs of intestinal parasites.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Parasite prevalence (roundworm and whipworm) in the Augustinian friars was 58%, and in the All Saints by the Castle parishioners just 32% (Barnards Test score statistic 1.7176, p-value 0.092).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>It is interesting that the friars had nearly double the infection rate of parasites spread by poor hygiene, compared with the general population. We consider options that might explain this difference, and discuss descriptions and treatment of intestinal worms in medical texts circulating in Cambridge during the medieval period.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This is the first study to compare prevalence of parasite infection between groups with different socioeconomic status from the same location.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Quality of egg preservation was suboptimal, so our data may under-represent the true prevalence.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Larger studies with greater statistical power, covering different time periods and regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 115-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981722000316/pdfft?md5=b35aee62418703a68886fe0456c5c2df&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981722000316-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10395966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized dermatitis in the natural mummy of the Roman Catholic nun Marie-Léonie Martin (France, 1863–1941)","authors":"Ruggero D’Anastasio,&nbsp;Francesca Monza,&nbsp;Jacopo Cilli,&nbsp;Luigi Capasso","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To document skin lesions on a mummified individual from the XIX century and to diagnose the pathology based historical documentation and physical examination.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Marie Leonie Martin (1863–1941) was a Roman Catholic nun. Her naturally mummified body is currently preserved in the Monastery of the Visitation in Caen (France). On the occasion of her beatification, the body was exhumed, studied and restored for conservation purposes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The mummy was analyzed histologically and with CT imaging.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The examination of the body noted areas of skin discoloration of reddish color; the paleopathological investigations revealed the presence of skin lesions (pustules) distributed throughout the body, with the exception of the face, abdomen and palms. The histological analyses of the pustules showed the presence of a central duct for the leakage of exudate, hyperkeratosis of the stratum corneum and a proliferation of cells in the spinous layer (acanthosis) of the epidermis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The red discoloration of the skin is typical of extensive erythema.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Our understanding of skin conditions in the past is extremely limited. This study provides the first paleopathological case of diagnosed unclassified endogenous eczema and provides insight into the antiquity and effects of the disease.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>It was not possible to carry out a genetic analysis due to DNA contamination of the mummy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 64-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10397370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining pathogen DNA recovery across the remains of a 14th century Italian friar (Blessed Sante) infected with Brucella melitensis","authors":"Jessica Hider ,&nbsp;Ana T. Duggan ,&nbsp;Jennifer Klunk ,&nbsp;Katherine Eaton ,&nbsp;George S. Long ,&nbsp;Emil Karpinski ,&nbsp;Valentina Giuffra ,&nbsp;Luca Ventura ,&nbsp;Antonio Fornaciari ,&nbsp;Gino Fornaciari ,&nbsp;G. Brian Golding ,&nbsp;Tracy L. Prowse ,&nbsp;Hendrik N. Poinar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate variation in ancient DNA recovery of <em>Brucella melitensis,</em> the causative agent of brucellosis, from multiple tissues belonging to one individual</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>14 samples were analyzed from the mummified remains of the Blessed Sante, a 14 ^th century Franciscan friar from central Italy, with macroscopic diagnosis of probable brucellosis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Shotgun sequencing data from was examined to determine the presence of <em>Brucella</em> DNA.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Three of the 14 samples contained authentic ancient DNA, identified as belonging to <em>B. melitensis</em>. A genome (23.81X depth coverage, 0.98 breadth coverage) was recovered from a kidney stone. Nine of the samples contained reads classified as <em>B. melitensis</em> (7−169), but for many the data quality was insufficient to withstand our identification and authentication criteria.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We identified significant variation in the preservation and abundance of <em>B. melitensis</em> DNA present across multiple tissues, with calcified nodules yielding the highest number of authenticated reads. This shows how greatly sample selection can impact pathogen identification.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Our results demonstrate variation in the preservation and recovery of pathogen DNA across tissues. This study highlights the importance of sample selection in the reconstruction of infectious disease burden and highlights the importance of a holistic approach to identifying disease.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Study focuses on pathogen recovery in a single individual.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Further analysis of how sampling impacts aDNA recovery will improve pathogen aDNA recovery and advance our understanding of disease in past peoples</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 20-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10388402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A paleoepidemiological approach to the challenging differential diagnosis of an isolated 1500-year-old anomalous molar from Panamá","authors":"Nicole E. Smith-Guzmán","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study seeks to quantify the presence and prevalence of specific genetic and infectious diseases in the pre-Colombian Panamanian population and uses these data to consider the plausibility of these diseases as causative factors in the development of an abnormal supernumerary cusp morphology in a 1500-year-old isolated molar recovered from Cerro Juan Díaz (Los Santos, Panama).</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>267 individuals from pre-Columbian sites throughout Panama.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The anomalous tooth was analyzed through macroscopic, odontometric, and radiographic means. Tentative differential diagnosis was performed using inferences from paleopathological features of the broader regional population.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The regional sample showed evidence of treponemal infection and developmental anomalies in 10.1% and 10.9% of individuals, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While not able to rule out three potential genetic conditions, more evidence was found to support the differential diagnosis of congenital syphilis as the causative agent leading to the development of abnormal supernumerary cusps in the isolated molar.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study demonstrates how characterizing disease experience in the population can assist in differential diagnoses at the individual level and cautions against the assumption that any one lesion in isolation is unique to only one specific pathological condition.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The timing discrepancy between clinical descriptions of congenital syphilis and genetic disorders, lack of knowledge on pathophysiological mechanisms of the former, poor preservation of <em>Treponema</em> pathogen ancient DNA, and deficiencies in modern public health data from Panama limit the differential diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Inclusion and serious contemplation of genetic diseases in paleopathological differential diagnoses is necessary.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981722000389/pdfft?md5=00e1a196f2dd77294c50ebf139d2b5c7&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981722000389-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10387860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dark satanic mills: Evaluating patterns of health in England during the industrial revolution","authors":"Jo Buckberry ,&nbsp;Gillian Crane-Kramer","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>this research seeks to investigate the impact the industrial revolution had on the population of England.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Pre-existing skeletal data from 1154 pre-Industrial (1066–1700 CE) and 4157 industrial (1700–1905) skeletons from 21 cemeteries (N = 5411).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Context number, sex, age-at-death, stature and presence/absence of selected pathological conditions were collated. The data were compared using chi square, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, t-tests and logistic regression (α = 0.01).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was a statistically significant increase in cribra orbitalia, periosteal reactions, rib lesions, fractures, rickets, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, enamel hypoplasia, dental caries and periapical lesions in the industrial period. Osteomyelitis decreased from the pre-industrial to industrial period.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results confirm the industrial revolution had a significant negative impact on human health, however the prevalence of TB, treponemal disease, maxillary sinusitis, osteomalacia, scurvy, gout and DISH did not change, suggesting these diseases were not impacted by the change in environmental conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This is the largest study of health in the industrial revolution that includes non-adults and adults and considers age-at-death alongside disease status to date. This data supports the hypothesis that the rise of industry was associated with a significant decline in general health, but not an increase in all pathological conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 93-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981722000523/pdfft?md5=6a501757284e491aa7413e6322ee419b&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981722000523-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10397918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compounding vulnerabilities: Syndemics and the social determinants of disease in the past","authors":"Megan A. Perry ,&nbsp;Rebecca L. Gowland","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This article explores the theory and utility of a syndemic approach for the study of disease in the past. Syndemic principles are examined alongside other theoretical developments within bioarchaeology. Two case studies are provided to illustrate the efficacy of this approach: Tuberculosis and vitamin D deficiency in 18th and 19th century England, and malaria and helminth infections in Early Medieval England.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Public health studies of present syndemics, in addition to published bioarchaeological, clinical and social information relating to the chosen case studies.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The data from these two historical examples are revisited within a syndemic framework to draw deeper conclusions about disease clustering and heterogeneity in the past.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A syndemic framework can be applied to past contexts using clinical studies of diseases in a modern context and relevant paleopathological, archaeological, and historical data.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This approach provides a means for providing a deeper, contextualised understanding ancient diseases, and integrates well with extant theoretical tools in bioarchaeology</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Syndemics provides scholars a deep-time perspective on diseases that still impact modern populations.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Many of the variables essential for a truly syndemic approach cannot be obtained from current archaeological, bioarchaeological, or historical methods.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>More detailed and in-depth analysis of specific disease clusters within the past and the present, which draws on a comprehensive analysis of the social determinants of health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 35-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10401716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteoma of the zygomatic bone from 16th century Sardinia (Italy) in the framework of a paleoepidemiological study","authors":"Giuffra Valentina ,&nbsp;Rubino Luigi ,&nbsp;Buzic Ileana ,&nbsp;Milanese Marco","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of this paper is to evaluate a case of osteoma of the zygomatic bone in a post-medieval individual in the context of a paleoepidemiological approach.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Forty-five skulls from the plague cemetery of Alghero (Sardinia, Italy), dating back to the end of the 16th century, were evaluated for the presence of osteomata on the outer surface of the cranial vault and facial bones.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Macroscopic examination was performed using standard anthropological methods. The bone presenting the lesion was submitted to radiological examination through cone beam; a 3D reconstruction was obtained with a surface 3D scanner.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Only one case of osteoma was observed in an adolescent aged 13–15 years, located on the right zygomatic bone. The lesion consisted of a rounded mass of 0.5 cm in diameter composed of compact bone, as also the radiographic study demonstrates. The prevalence of osteoma on the outer surface of the cranial vault and facial bones in the population of Alghero was 2.2 %.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This case offers the opportunity to enrich the knowledge about the presence of benign tumors among past populations and to evaluate this lesion in dry bone.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study provides paleoepidemiological data on the scarce area of benign tumors in paleo-oncology and presents the first documented osteoma of the zygomatic bone in paleopathology.</p></div><div><h3>Limitation</h3><p>Histological study was not performed for conservative issues.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for future research</h3><p>Increasing the attention to benign tumors is essential to deepen our knowledge about paleoepidemiology of neoplastic lesions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"39 ","pages":"Pages 70-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10457038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}