Sex, gender, and sexuality in paleopathology: Select current developments and pathways forward

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ijpp.2023.02.002

Molly K. Zuckerman , Sierra W. Malis , Daniel D. Dillon , Kerri J. Widrick , Elise J. Adams , Mary E. Hill , M. Kathryn McKenna , Olivia C. Baumgartel , Hannah D. Willis

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Objective

Overall, paleopathology trails behind related fields in exploring sex, gender, and sexuality in past societies. Here, we interrogatively synthesize scholarship on topics not included in similar reviews, focusing on sex estimation methods, and considering the social determinants of health; trauma; reproduction and family; and childhood – to highlight novel, social epidemiology- and social theory-informed frameworks and interpretive devices.

Conclusions

Many paleopathological interpretations focus on sex-gender differences relative to health, with increasing use of intersectionality. Others consistently project present-day ideologies about sex, gender, and sexuality (e.g., binary sex-gender systems) into paleopathological interpretations (i.e., presentism).

Significance

Paleopathologists have an ethical imperative to generate scholarship that contributes to social justice initiatives focused on dismantling structural inequalities, especially relative to sex, gender, and sexuality (e.g., homophobia), such as through denaturalizing presentist binary systems. They also have a responsibility towards greater inclusivity relative to researcher identity and diversification of method and theory.

Limitations

In addition to material limitations complicating reconstructions of sex, gender, and sexuality relative to health and disease in the past, this review wasn’t comprehensive. The review was also limited by the relative paucity of paleopathological work on these topics.

Suggestions for Future Research: The outlook for paleopathological research on sex, gender, and sexuality is, however, positive; paleopathology is well situated to tackle these aspects of social identity. Future work should consider critical, self-reflective movement away from presentism; more robust contextualization; and further engagement with social theory and social epidemiology theory and approaches, including the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD), social determinants of health, and intersectionality.

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古病理学中的性、性别和性:选择当前的发展和前进的道路

总的来说，古病理学在探索过去社会的性、性别和性行为方面落后于相关领域。在这里，我们以疑问的方式综合了类似综述中未包括的主题的学术研究，重点关注性别估计方法，并考虑健康的社会决定因素;创伤;生育与家庭;童年——为了强调新颖的社会流行病学——以及社会理论的框架和解释手段。结论许多古病理学解释关注与健康相关的性别差异，并越来越多地使用交叉性。其他人则一贯地将关于性、性别和性的现代意识形态(例如，二元性-性别系统)投射到古病理学的解释中(即，现在主义)。意义精神病理学家在伦理上有责任创造学术成果，为社会正义倡议做出贡献，重点是消除结构性不平等，特别是与性、性别和性行为有关的不平等(例如，同性恋恐惧症)，例如通过使现代二元系统变性。他们也有责任实现更大的包容性，相对于研究人员的身份和方法和理论的多样化。局限性除了材料上的局限性使过去的性别、社会性别和性行为与健康和疾病的关系重建变得复杂之外，这篇综述并不全面。关于这些主题的古病理学工作的相对缺乏也限制了综述。对未来研究的建议:然而，关于性、性别和性的古病理学研究前景是积极的;古病理学很好地解决了社会身份的这些方面。未来的工作应该考虑批判性的、自我反思的运动，远离当下主义;更稳健的情境化;并进一步参与社会理论和社会流行病学理论和方法，包括健康和疾病的发展起源(DOHaD)，健康的社会决定因素和交叉性。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Paleopathology PALEONTOLOGY-PATHOLOGY

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

25.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Paleopathology is the study and application of methods and techniques for investigating diseases and related conditions from skeletal and soft tissue remains. The International Journal of Paleopathology (IJPP) will publish original and significant articles on human and animal (including hominids) disease, based upon the study of physical remains, including osseous, dental, and preserved soft tissues at a range of methodological levels, from direct observation to molecular, chemical, histological and radiographic analysis. Discussion of ways in which these methods can be applied to the reconstruction of health, disease and life histories in the past is central to the discipline, so the journal would also encourage papers covering interpretive and theoretical issues, and those that place the study of disease at the centre of a bioarchaeological or biocultural approach. Papers dealing with historical evidence relating to disease in the past (rather than history of medicine) will also be published. The journal will also accept significant studies that applied previously developed techniques to new materials, setting the research in the context of current debates on past human and animal health.