A look into the wild. Pathological analysis of a modern collection of guanacos from the Dry Chaco and its implications for South American camelid paleopathological studies

IF 1.3 3区 地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY
María Paula Weihmüller
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Abstract

Objective

This article evaluates the prevalence of lesions in a modern osteological collection of guanacos (Lama guanicoe) and discusses the potential of paleopathological data to assess human intervention and environmental stress.

Materials

A modern osteological collection of guanacos (NISP = 862) from north-western Córdoba, Central Argentina.

Methods

The prevalence of pathological specimens per skeletal element and the pathological index (Bartosiewicz et al., 1997) was used. The prevalence of arthropathies, trauma and infections was quantified. Additionally, thorn lesions in the autopodium were recorded.

Results

11.03 % of the specimens presented pathological changes and the mean pathological index was 0.01. Degenerative lesions were the most prevalent type (10.34 %), followed by traumatic (0.81 %) and infectious pathologies (0.12 %). Thorn lesions (2.55 %) were recorded especially in metapodials.

Conclusions

Guanacos are exposed to the development of degenerative lesions, mainly in the autopodium and vertebrae. These lesions are probably common in camelids and should not be used to argue human management. Traumatic and infectious lesions are less frequent.

Significance

This work provides baseline information for the paleopathological study of South American camelids and contributes to the characterization of a regionally endangered species.

Limitations

The nature of the faunal assemblage did not allow for direct correlations between pathologies and individual variables such as sex or age.

Suggestions for further research

The comparison of our results with other wild and domesticated modern populations would be valuable to expand the baseline information for paleopathological studies. The use of quantitative methods is encouraged for future comparative and diachronic studies.

看一看野外。干查科现代群瓜纳瓜的病理分析及其对南美骆驼类古病理研究的意义
目的评价现代番瓜骨学标本中病变的患病率,并探讨古病理数据在评估人为干预和环境应激方面的潜力。资料:阿根廷中部Córdoba西北部的一种现代骨标本(NISP = 862)。方法采用各骨单元病理标本的患病率和病理指数(Bartosiewicz etal ., 1997)。对关节病变、创伤和感染的发生率进行量化。结果11.03%的标本出现病理改变,平均病理指数为0.01。退行性病变是最常见的类型(10.34%),其次是创伤性病变(0.81%)和感染性病变(0.12%)。棘状病变(2.55%)主要发生在跖部。结论瓜纳科斯鼠易发生退行性病变,主要发生在自椎体和椎体。这些病变可能在骆驼类动物中很常见,不应该用来争论人类的管理。创伤性和感染性病变较少见。意义本研究为南美骆驼科动物的古病理学研究提供了基础资料,并有助于对一个区域性濒危物种的特征进行鉴定。限制:动物群的性质不允许病理与个体变量(如性别或年龄)之间存在直接关联。将我们的研究结果与其他野生和驯化的现代种群进行比较,将为古生物病理学研究提供有价值的基础信息。鼓励在未来的比较和历时研究中使用定量方法。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
25.00%
发文量
43
期刊介绍: Paleopathology is the study and application of methods and techniques for investigating diseases and related conditions from skeletal and soft tissue remains. The International Journal of Paleopathology (IJPP) will publish original and significant articles on human and animal (including hominids) disease, based upon the study of physical remains, including osseous, dental, and preserved soft tissues at a range of methodological levels, from direct observation to molecular, chemical, histological and radiographic analysis. Discussion of ways in which these methods can be applied to the reconstruction of health, disease and life histories in the past is central to the discipline, so the journal would also encourage papers covering interpretive and theoretical issues, and those that place the study of disease at the centre of a bioarchaeological or biocultural approach. Papers dealing with historical evidence relating to disease in the past (rather than history of medicine) will also be published. The journal will also accept significant studies that applied previously developed techniques to new materials, setting the research in the context of current debates on past human and animal health.
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