BioEnergy Research最新文献

{"title":"Turning Wastelands into Bioenergy Hubs: Exploiting the Hyperaccumulator Calotropis procera for High-Yield Biodiesel and Zero-Waste Valorization","authors":"Naveen Kumar,&nbsp;Sanjay Mehra,&nbsp;Virendra Kumar Mishra,&nbsp;Kavita Shah","doi":"10.1007/s12155-026-11023-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12155-026-11023-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>India is prioritizing transition to renewable energy sources aiming to address the impacts of energy crisis and climate change. To support India’s 2030 renewable energy and land degradation neutrality targets, this study evaluates <i>Calotropis procera</i>, a resilient hyperaccumulator, as a sustainable biofuel source cultivated on heavy metal (HM) contaminated abandoned waste sites. The plant parts of <i>C. procera</i> were systematically processed to obtain crude oil, followed by transesterification to convert the extracted oil into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for biofuel production. Remarkably, the plant outperformed typical growth benchmarks under metal stress, yielding 54.20 ± 1.9 g of seeds per plant and path-breaking crude oil content of 32.75%, surpassing values reported in normal Indian farmlands. Transesterification achieved an 87.2% conversion efficiency, producing 32.1% Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME). The resulting biodiesel exhibited oxidative stability with high concentration of methyl oleate (~ 45%) and other esters. Pre- and post-oil extraction yielded gross calorific value (GCV) per plant as 22.35 ± 0.29 MJkg^-1and 4.35 ± 0.28 MJkg^-1 respectively suggesting this biofuel to be as effective as other popular non-edible oils currently used in the industry. Furthermore, beyond fuel the study revealed circular economy and a zero-waste approach, as the leftover seed residuals post-extraction generated a GCV of 5.79 ± 0.24 MJkg^-1and can be used for energy. With a large harvest potential of 2276.11 kgha^-1, <i>C. procera</i> proves to have potential to turn metal-contaminated wasteland into productive green energy hubs. This innovation offers a dual solution: cleaning up India’s polluted landscapes while providing a sustainable way to fight the energy crisis.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating Metabolic Shifts in Thermophilic Biohydrogen Production: Effects of Inoculum Source, Pre-treatment and Substrate Hydrolysis","authors":"Paula Fontoura Procópio,&nbsp;Oscar Fernando Herrera Adarme,&nbsp;Maria Paula Cardeal Volpi,&nbsp;Michelle Fernandes Araujo,&nbsp;Thiago Ribas Bella,&nbsp;Marcelo Falsarella Carazzolle,&nbsp;Gonçalo Amarantes Guimarães Pereira,&nbsp;Gustavo Mockaitis","doi":"10.1007/s12155-026-11021-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12155-026-11021-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biohydrogen production through dark fermentation (DF) is a promising process that attracts increasing attention in the context of energy transition. However, a deeper understanding is necessary to enable its upscale to industrial applications. This study investigated DF using three inocula sources - anaerobic UASB sludge (PS), activated sludge (AS), and cow manure (CM) – all subjected to acid (APT) and thermal pretreatments (TPT). To assess microbial dynamics, three substrates were tested: a simple sugar (glucose); sugarcane vinasse with filter cake (<i>in natura</i>), and sugarcane vinasse with filter cake enzymatically hydrolysed. The process was evaluated from the metabolic and microbiological perspectives, based on electron balance, volatile fatty acids (VFA) profiles and 16S rRNA sequencing. With glucose, thermally pretreated inocula showed stronger acidogenic activity, and electron balance calculations revealed distinct metabolic pathways for each microbial community, even with similar hydrogen yields (HY). Using vinasse and filter cake - both <i>in natura</i> and pretreated - AS achieved higher HY, followed by PS and then CM. Hydrolysis improved HY until 262%, correlating with increased butyrate concentration in the digestates and reduced homoacetogenesis. Acid pretreatment was able to inhibit homoacetogenesis in PS inoculum. Microbial analysis highlighted the crucial role of diversity in AS community and revealed that <i>Thermoanaerobacterium</i> strongly depend on the presence of hydrolytic or lactic acid bacteria for efficient H₂ production from sugarcane byproducts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12155-026-11021-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148010076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agroindustrial Banana Wastes Applied in Biogas Production: Evaluation of Thermal Pretreatment on Alkaline Hydrolysis","authors":"Larissa Ayumi Yamamoto,&nbsp;Ana Gabriela Oliveira Ferreira Janas,&nbsp;Sandra Imaculada Maintinguer","doi":"10.1007/s12155-026-11024-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12155-026-11024-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Banana waste is a promising substrate for anaerobic digestion due to its high organic content; however, the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic structures limits hydrolysis efficiency. This study evaluated the effect of alkaline thermal pretreatment of banana waste using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at concentrations ranging from 0.2% to 3.0%, aiming to enhance carbohydrate solubilization and methane production. Anaerobic batch reactors (1 L) fed with pretreated banana waste in alkaline hydrolysis with NaOH as the main substrate were operated at 37 °C for 15 days under mesophilic conditions, with co-digestion using synthetic sewage. Seven assays were evaluated: assay 1 (0.2% NaOH), assay 2 (0.4% NaOH), assay 3 (0.5% NaOH), assay 4 (1.0% NaOH), assay 5 (2.0% NaOH), assay 6 (3.0% NaOH) and assay 7 (control). The highest carbohydrate release was obtained by assay 1 (0.2% NaOH) with 12,110 mgL^− 1, whereas untreated waste exhibited the lowest solubilization (4785 mgL^− 1). The highest cumulative methane production was observed in assay 2 (0.4% NaOH), reaching 2471 mLCH₄Lr^− 1, while the maximum methane production rate was achieved in assay 1 (0.2% NaOH), with 525.21 mL CH₄ Lr⁻¹ d⁻¹. Carbohydrate removal exceeded 98% in all assays, whereas COD removal ranged from 71.58% to 94.54%. Metagenomic analysis of assay 2 revealed the predominance of <i>Paraclostridium</i> and <i>Clostridium</i> among bacteria and <i>Methanothrix</i> and <i>Methanoregula</i> among archaea, indicating a shift from acetoclastic to hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Overall, the management of lignocellulosic biomass, aligned with circular economy principles, promotes the valorization of lignocellulosic agricultural waste into value-added products such as biogas, enhancing resource recovery and sustainability.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><p>Graphical abstract illustrating the effect of alkaline hydrolysis pretreatment on banana waste anaerobic digestion, highlighting the trade-off between methane production rate and cumulative yield and the associated microbial pathway shifts.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12155-026-11024-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148009817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Different Incubation Periods on the Nutritional Quality and In Vitro Rumen Characteristics of Alkali-Pretreated Rice Straw","authors":"Reena Yora,&nbsp;Anupam Chatterjee,&nbsp;Sachin Tripura,&nbsp;Piyali Kuri,&nbsp;Tapan Kumar Dutta,&nbsp;Saroj Rai,&nbsp;Asif Mohammad","doi":"10.1007/s12155-026-11020-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12155-026-11020-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urea treatment of straw is a widely established method but because of longer incubation period adoption rate is low. Present study aims to determine minimum incubation period for optimum nutrient enrichment of rice straw. Straw was treated with 4% urea, 3% lime &amp; 2% molasses (w/w) maintaining 40% moisture level, which was anaerobically incubated for eight different incubation periods (2, 5, 7, 10, 14, 18, 21 and 28 days) along with control as untreated rice straw (C) without incubation. Each period had three replicates (9 × 3 = 27samples). After the completion of each incubation period, the straw was analysed for its nutritive value. The results showed significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) higher crude protein content and reduced cell wall components (neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin) from 14 days incubation onwards, however, among 18, 21 and 28 days of incubation, it remained non-significant (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05). Hence, 14- and 18-days incubated samples were taken for in vitro rumen fermentation parameters. The results indicated that dry matter and organic matter digestibility significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) greater in 18 day incubated straw (61.53% and 62.86%) followed by 14-day incubated straw (54.27% and 56.49%) as compared to untreated rice straw (C) having 47.12% and 51.68% respectively. Rumen metabolites (total volatile fatty acid, NH₃-N) showed similar trends i.e., substantially highest in 18 day incubated straw (8.11% and 15.83%) followed by 14-day incubated straw (7.17% and 14.23%) and lowest in untreated rice straw (C) having 5.87 mmol/dL TVFA and 11.04 mg/dL NH₃-N, respectively. Thus, straw pretreated with 4% urea, 3% lime and 2% molasses at 18 day incubation had improved the nutritive value of straw and enhanced its in vitro digestibility.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148009816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of HHV and Ash of Biochars Obtained from cow dung and Prediction of HHV using Machine Learning","authors":"Vedat Adıgüzel,&nbsp;Sevilay Demirci,&nbsp;Muhammet Ali Karabulut,&nbsp;Erman Öztürk,&nbsp;Fikret Akdeniz","doi":"10.1007/s12155-026-11022-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12155-026-11022-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prediction of higher heating value (HHV) of biochar is critical to optimize its application as a renewable energy source. A total of 13 biochar samples were produced by hydrochar method guided by a Response Surface Methodology design to ensure wide experimental coverage. It presents the development of robust models for HHV prediction using a total of 211 char data with the help of multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks (MLP-ANN). The combined use of machine learning and RSM is important both for experimental design and for producing high-accuracy outputs. Input datasets were derived from proximate analysis, ultimate analysis and a combined set of both. MLP-ANN models were trained and validated using a supervised learning approach using mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error and coefficient of determination (R²) as key performance indicators to evaluate model accuracy. Among the MLP-ANN models produced, the combined proximate-ultimate analysis-based model produced the best results in terms of correlation coefficient (R²: 0.9785), root mean square error (RMSE: 0.5120), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE: 0.0385). These findings demonstrate the superior ability of MLP-ANN to capture the complex, nonlinear relationships between biochar composition and energy content and highlight the added value of integrating proximate and ultimate analyses. The study provides a reliable tool for rapid estimation of biochar HHV, which supports the advancement of biomass energy applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148009560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Drivers of Biomass Yield and Climate Benefits in Short Rotation Forestry: A Semi-Quantitative Review of 80 Years of German Research","authors":"Leonardo Amthauer Gallardo,&nbsp;Andrea Biertümpfel,&nbsp;Andreas Gurgel,&nbsp;Kerstin Jäkel","doi":"10.1007/s12155-026-11019-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12155-026-11019-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148009559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Hydrothermal Carbonization By-Products from Olive Mill Waste on Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis Cultures Devoted to Biogas Upgrading","authors":"Bruna Sampaio de Mello,&nbsp;Laura Vargas-Estrada,&nbsp;Arnaldo Sarti,&nbsp;Raúl Muñoz","doi":"10.1007/s12155-026-11018-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12155-026-11018-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the influence of by-products from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of olive mill waste on <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Arthrospira platensis</i> metabolism during biogas upgrading. Three different HTC by-products were assessed: the raw suspension (total fraction, RS), solid biochar (SB), and the resulting supernatant (SU) after separation of solid biochar from the total fraction. The SU had a minor impact on the metabolism of both cultures while SB positively influenced only the metabolism of <i>A. platensis</i>, significantly enhancing the carbohydrate content by 56%. Moreover, RS promoted a superior performance, increasing CO₂ biofixation, biomass yield, productivity, and specific growth rate of <i>A. platensis</i> by 21, 22, 33, and 46%, respectively. Similarly, RS increased by 55% the carbohydrate content in <i>C. vulgaris.</i> A further optimization of RS dosage (1-, 2- and 3-mL L^-1) revealed that 1 mL L^-1 supported the highest CO₂ consumption, O₂ production and biomass productivity in both photosynthetic microorganisms. Interestingly, the highest carbohydrate content was achieved when 3 mL L^-1 were supplemented to <i>C. vulgaris</i>. Therefore, the addition of RS positively influenced microalgal and cyanobacterial metabolism during biogas upgrading and modified the macromolecular composition of biomass from both cultures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148008835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass Classification for Prediction of Elemental Composition From Proximate Analysis Using Machine Learning","authors":"Sindy Dayana Puerto-Vargas,&nbsp;Elias Martinez-Hernandez","doi":"10.1007/s12155-026-11012-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12155-026-11012-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biomass is a valuable renewable resource to produce sustainable fuels and chemicals; its efficient utilization depends on accurate compositional characterization. This study presents a machine learning framework to predict the elemental composition of biomass carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur from proximate analysis, net calorific value, and biomass clustering. A dataset of 426 samples from the Phyllis2 database was used, with outliers removed using the Local Outlier Factor (LOF) method. Biomass samples were first grouped using k-means clustering based on proximate analysis and net calorific value, identifying four distinct clusters with different compositional characteristics. These clusters were encoded and, together with the input variables, used as inputs to an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict elemental composition. The ANN achieved high predictive performance, with a mean squared error of 1.84 and R² of 0.994 on the test set. For validation, new samples were classified using a logistic regression model trained on the clustering results, and their elemental composition was subsequently predicted using the ANN. The proposed approach outperformed literature models for carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Lower accuracy for nitrogen and sulfur was attributed to their high variability and skewed distributions. The integration of biomass classification extends the applicability of the model to a wide range of carbonaceous materials, including organic residues and coal, providing a practical tool for biomass selection in thermochemical processes such as gasification.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upgrading of Biomass Pyrolysis Oil Quality Via the Coupled Process of Small Molecule Catalytic Activation and Biomass Pyrolysis","authors":"Lixia He,&nbsp;Ruiyuan Tang,&nbsp;Zhibing Shen,&nbsp;Tingting Yang,&nbsp;Juntao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12155-026-11017-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12155-026-11017-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Currently, the comprehensive utilization of biomass has attracted significant attention, and fast pyrolysis is increasingly regarded as one of the most promising technologies for biomass conversion. In this study, a fixed-bed reactor was employed to investigate the effects of rice husk pyrolysis under various atmospheres (H₂, CH₄, H₂-CH₄) and catalysts conditions. The results indicate that the bio-oil yield reached 37.30 wt% at 500 ℃ for 30 min under an H₂-CH₄ (11:5) mixed atmosphere. Among the metal-modified HZSM-5 catalysts with different zinc loadings, the variant containing 5% Zn demonstrated superior catalytic performance. This improvement was attributed to the uniform crystalline morphology and hierarchical porous structure of HZSM-5, which facilitate biomass pyrolysis. Furthermore, ¹³CH₄ isotope tracer experiments combined with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of bio-oil confirmed that the small-molecule gases produced reactive •CHₓ and •H radicals via catalytic activation. These radicals participated in the biomass pyrolysis reaction and promoted the formation of phenolic compounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Chicken Manure Valorization in China: An Integrated Environmental and Economic Assessment","authors":"Qi Li,&nbsp;Hanqiao Liu,&nbsp;Guoxia Wei,&nbsp;Hanyang Lu,&nbsp;Qiuyu Yu,&nbsp;Shuo Ma","doi":"10.1007/s12155-026-11016-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12155-026-11016-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The sustainable management of chicken manure (CM) is critical for China’s cultivation industry to achieve its green development goals. However, the diversity of valorization technologies and the lack of comprehensive sustainability assessments hinder the selection of optimal pathways. This study employs an integrated life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC) approach to evaluate the environmental and economic performance of twelve CM valorization technologies in China. Concurrently, the scenario analysis of the baseline, technical optimization, optimal layout and integrated optimization scenarios of CM management was conducted. The results indicate that, under the system boundaries and assumptions of this study, black soldier fly-based bioconversion (BC-BSF) showed the most favorable combined environmental and economic performance among the assessed technologies, reducing carbon emissions by 583 kg CO₂ eq/t and generating a net income of 394.9 CNY/t. Relative to the baseline scenario, the integrated optimization scenario enhances national carbon emission reduction by 32.09% and improves energy saving by 27.69%. These findings underscore that advancing CM management is a vital strategy for agricultural decarbonization. It is recommended that policies prioritize the tailored promotion of technologies for efficient CM nutrient utilization based on local conditions, and encourage circular economy models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}