Journal of Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Bridging medical expertise in crisis: The development and implementation of a novel mobile application for Ukrainian physicians during wartime.","authors":"Ali Dzhemiliev, Alexis G Antunez, Darya Kizub, Kateryna Potapova, Olena Tytarenko, Taras Ivanykovych, Anastasiia Prystaia, Svitlana Bielichenko, Inesa Huivaniuk, Jennifer S Davids, Nelya Melnitchouk","doi":"10.7189/jogh.14.04245","DOIUrl":"10.7189/jogh.14.04245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The full-scale invasion disrupted health care in Ukraine, leading to the displacement of physicians and affecting their access to subspecialist consultations. HealUA, a mobile application, was designed to provide secure and timely remote physician-to-physician consultations. We aimed to assess the implementation of the HealUA mobile application for peer-to-peer physician consultations in Ukraine during the Russian invasion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HealUA was developed in May 2022. Security measures included user verification, privacy policies, and legal disclaimers. The application allowed physicians to submit cases and receive remote consultations from physicians in Ukraine and worldwide. We assessed the implementation of the HealUA application using Proctor's implementation outcomes framework, specifically adoption and feasibility. Adoption was measured by user downloads, characteristics of registered physicians, and case submissions. Feasibility was evaluated through clinical case response times, translation services, and technical issues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From May 2022 to May 2024, 3861 physicians registered. The majority were from Ukraine (95%). Of 474 submitted cases, 97.3% received timely responses from other physicians. The application demonstrated prompt response times (84.6% within the first day), successful translation services, and effective resolution of technical issues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The HealUA application achieved broad adoption across medical specialties, fostering robust clinical information exchange during the ongoing conflict. Security standards were upheld and routine technical issues were satisfactorily addressed. Future efforts will focus on broader dissemination and assessing additional implementation outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48734,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 ","pages":"04245"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging trends in cognitive impairment and dementia among older populations in Asia: A systematic review.","authors":"Binish Islam, Tianjiao Li, Mengying Xu, Dan Yang, Hanxiao Lv, Goudja Gassara, Tasiu I Ibrahim, Bakeel A Radman, Jianwu Wang","doi":"10.7189/jogh.14.04233","DOIUrl":"10.7189/jogh.14.04233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dementia and cognitive impairment rates in Asia have significant policy implications. Contrary to the existing literature, which primarily focused on the Western region, in this study, we provide novel insights into previously unexplored geographical contexts. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in Asia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, we searched six bibliographic databases: Web of Science, Medline, Science Direct, Ovid, Google Scholar, and PubMed. We targeted cross-sectional studies on dementia and cognitive impairment in Asia, published between 2019-23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our extensive search yielded 2593 original articles, of which 39 met eligibility criteria. This selection unveiled a significant rise in dementia and cognitive impairment prevalence in Asia, aligning now with trends observed in Western countries - a novel finding that challenges previous assumptions about regional prevalence disparities. The studies predominantly conducted in East Asia (n = 29), along with limited research from Southeast (n = 2), South (n = 7), and Central Asia (n = 1), underscore the geographical gaps in current research. This shift in prevalence patterns is potentially linked to demographic changes, urbanisation, environmental factors, ethnic diversity, and neuroimaging advancements. Identifying modifiable risk factors associated with dementia in these regions presents new avenues for prevention and intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current dementia research in Asia is concentrated in East Asia, with limited data from Southeast, South, and Central Asia. Comprehensive studies across all parts of Asia are crucial to establishing robust data collection methods and identifying modifiable risk factors. This can help manage and mitigate the growing burden of dementia in these societies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48734,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 ","pages":"04233"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulated blood biomarkers in women with acute and chronic respiratory conditions due to air pollutant exposure: An exploratory systematic review.","authors":"Ariana N Pritha, Tanisha N Medha, Andrea A Pasmay, Md Al Mamun, Farzana Afroze, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti","doi":"10.7189/jogh-14-04207","DOIUrl":"10.7189/jogh-14-04207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Air pollution exposure poses significant health risks for the general population, but particularly for women with acute and chronic respiratory conditions. Given the increasing global burden of air pollution-related illnesses, understanding these biomarkers is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving respiratory health outcomes in vulnerable populations. In this systematic review, we aimed to determine potential dysregulated respiratory inflammatory blood biomarker candidates in adult female patients who experience varying levels and sources of inhaled pollutant exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science with nuanced search terms to retrieve articles published in English between 1 January 2000 and 12 June 2023, to ensure relevancy. We filtered our findings to generate a focussed narrative analysis and used the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Exposures (ROBINS-E) and Risk-of-bias VISualization (robVIS) tools to ensure the validity of the data and the quality of the conclusions being made.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 916 articles from the databases used in our search, 16 of which met the criteria of our focussed narrative analysis. Among blood biomarkers, platelet-activating factor and eosinophilia could be used to assess the severity of asthma conditions, as a lack or reduction thereof indicates specific conditions. Pro-inflammatory cytokines require further validation, as some studies with a high risk of bias have reported conflicting results compared to more recent research on whether these markers are up-regulated or down-regulated. We found one study to be at a very high risk of bias, two had a high risk of bias, one had some concerns of confounding factors which may not have affected their results, and 12 studies had a low risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There were narrowed-down blood biomarker candidates that could be used in future research and avenues of research like generating specific microRNA sequences to test for prognostic/diagnostic tests.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO: 42023435721.</p>","PeriodicalId":48734,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 ","pages":"04207"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global burden and cross-country inequalities in diseases associated with high body mass index from 1990 to 2019: Result from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.","authors":"Ping Wang, Shu Huang, Ruiyu Wang, Xiaomin Shi, Huan Xu, Jieyu Peng, Qi Chen, Wei Zhang, Lei Shi, Xian Zhou, Xiaowei Tang","doi":"10.7189/jogh.14.04200","DOIUrl":"10.7189/jogh.14.04200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High body mass index (BMI) has gradually become an increased risk factor for the global burden of diseases (GBD). As the disease burden and the number of elders globally increase, it is crucial for policymakers to realise the associations between high BMI and disease burden worldwide in a timely manner and to develop effective interventions for different countries and ages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the GBD 2019 database to analyse the deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in the disease burden associated with high BMI and indicated the health inequality at the global, regional, and national levels. We applied the slope index of inequality and concentration index, two standard metrics of absolute and relative gradient inequality recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), to quantify the distributive inequalities in the burden of diseases associated with high BMI. These rates were reported per 100 000 population as crude incidence rates, death rates, and DALYs rates. All the estimates were generated with a 95% uncertainty interval (UIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, we revealed that an estimated age-standardised mortality rate associated with high BMI is 6.26 million (95% UIs = 3.99, 8.91). The age-standardised DALYs rate is 19.32 million (95% UIs = 12.77, 26.40), and the global population attributable fraction was 9% (95% UIs = 5, 12) in 2019. The largest number of high-BMI-related deaths in women mainly concentrated in the age group of 65-79 years, whereas the largest number in men was in the age group of 60-69 years. The age-standardised DALYs rate of diseases associated with high BMI was larger in the high-middle and middle socio-demographic index (SDI) (population attributable fraction (PAF) = 11 and PAF = 9) regions than those with high SDI (PAF = 1) and low SDI (PAF = 5) regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, our results showed that the disease burden of global deaths and DALYs associated with high BMI has substantially increased between 1990-2019. Furthermore, we demonstrated that countries with higher SDI development levels shoulders higher burden of diseases associated with high BMI. Future policies to prevent and reduce the burden should be developed and implemented based on country-specific development status.</p>","PeriodicalId":48734,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 ","pages":"04200"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to affordable daycare and women's mental health in Rajasthan, India: Evidence from a cluster-randomised social intervention.","authors":"Arijit Nandi, Parul Agarwal, Anoushaka Chandrashekar, Shannon Maloney, Robin Richardson, Laxmi Thakur, Sam Harper","doi":"10.7189/jogh.14.04063","DOIUrl":"10.7189/jogh.14.04063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women in India are often responsible for unpaid household work, family caregiving, and paid work, which can contribute to poorer mental health. The provision of childcare has the potential to improve women's mental health, but evidence on the effects of providing access to daycare is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed a cluster-randomised trial and used data from a sample of 2858 mothers with age-eligible children from 160 village hamlets in rural Rajasthan, India, to evaluate the impact of providing access to a community-based daycare programme on social and emotional aspects of women's mental health. We conducted a baseline survey in early 2016, randomised hamlets to intervention or control groups approximately six months later, and delivered the final post-intervention survey approximately two years thereafter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment assignment increased the probability that a respondent used a daycare over the two-year follow-up by 40.9 percentage points. Providing randomised access to a daycare resulted in 0.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.1, 0.4) fewer symptoms of mental distress, representing a 9.5% decline compared to the baseline mean of 2.1 symptoms, as well as a 3.7 (95% CI = -0.8, 8.3) percentage point increase in the proportion of women who reported feeling very happy, equivalent to an 11.0% increase relative to the baseline mean of 33.6%. Among social indicators, treatment assignment was associated with a 5.6 (95% CI = -1.2, 12.4) percentage point increase in membership in an association, a relative increase of 43.4% compared to the baseline mean of 12.9%. The intervention did not have an appreciable impact on measures of life satisfaction or trust in institutions. Two-stage least squares instrumental variable analyses showed that daycare use decreased mental distress by 0.4 (95% CI = -0.1, 0.8) symptoms, increased the proportion of women who were very happy by 9.4 (95% CI = 0.0, 17.6) percentage points, and increased membership in an organisation by 15.9 (95% CI = 8.4, 23.7) percentage points.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The provision of affordable, community-based daycare was associated with substantial uptake and showed potential for improving mothers' mental health in a rural context where most women were not employed in the formal labour force.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>ISRCTN clinical trial registry (ISRCTN45369145), registered on 16 May 2016; American Economic Association's registry for randomised controlled trials (AEARCTR-0000774), registered on 15 July 2015.</p>","PeriodicalId":48734,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 ","pages":"04063"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aetiology of diarrhoea in children aged zero to nine years in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.","authors":"Sinjini Das, Raghavee Neupane, Jennifer Beard, Hiwote Solomon, Monalisa Das, Neil Errickson, Jon L Simon, Yasir B Nisar, William B MacLeod, Davidson H Hamer","doi":"10.7189/jogh.14.04168","DOIUrl":"10.7189/jogh.14.04168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While diarrhoeal disease remains a leading cause of death in children aged <5 years in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), it also poses significant health risks for older children, underscoring the importance of our study focusing on children aged <10 years. In this systematic review, we assessed common diarrhoea aetiologies in children aged <10 years in LMICs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified relevant articles in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science using pre-defined search criteria. We included case series and case-control studies of children aged <10 years with non-bloody, bloody, acute, persistent, and chronic diarrhoea. Articles that evaluated two or more diarrhoea pathogens in LMICs conducted between 1 January 1990 and 31 July 2020 were eligible for inclusion. We stratified combined data from case series and case-control studies by age and World Health Organization (WHO) regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>76 studies published between 1990-2020 were eligible for inclusion. Among these, eight were case-control studies. 56 papers focused only on children aged <5 years, while 20 also included children aged ≥5 years. The most common viral pathogens among <5 years old children were rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus, and astrovirus. Bacterial pathogens included Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Shigella species, and Campylobacter species, while parasitic pathogens included Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Entamoeba species. Rotavirus was the most common viral pathogen among children across all age groups and every WHO region. Escherichia coli was prevalent in all age groups and was responsible for most diarrhoea cases in the African Region. Among parasitic pathogens, Entamoeba species and Giardia were prevalent in children aged three to five years, with the former a major cause of diarrhoea in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Similarly, in children aged six to 10 years, bacterial pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Shigella, suggest a continued significance of these pathogens beyond the age of five. Common viral pathogens for this group were rotavirus, norovirus, and sapovirus, although the number of studies for this age group is limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Escherichia coli, rotavirus, and Entamoeba species were the most common pathogens responsible for diarrhoea in children aged <5 years in LMICs. Future research should focus on characterising the pathogens responsible for causing diarrhoea in children aged six to 10 years stratified by geographic area of residence, i.e. WHO region and urban vs rural. Case-control or cohort studies covering a full 12-month period to account for seasonality are needed for a more accurate picture of diarrhoea aetiology among children.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO (CRD42020204005).</p>","PeriodicalId":48734,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 ","pages":"04168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the impact of disease severity changes on the burden of blindness: A global decomposition analysis.","authors":"Jianqi Chen, Xiaohong Chen, Yingting Zhu, Zhidong Li, Xuhao Chen, Xu Cao, Yangyang Li, Yuwen Wen, Liyan Liu, Yue Xiao, Jinan Zhan, Haishun Huang, Yingfeng Zheng, Yiqing Li, Yantao Wei, Yehong Zhuo","doi":"10.7189/jogh.14.04248","DOIUrl":"10.7189/jogh.14.04248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the significant impact of blindness on the affected individuals' quality of life, its burden has not been assessed according to temporal cause-specific changes in severity, impeding our ability to evaluate the impact of blindness on population health accurately. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively quantify the changes in cause-specific blindness burden according to changes in disease severity for 18 causes of blindness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this cross-sectional population-based study, we derived data on prevalence, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and population size between 1990 and 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. Using the decomposition method, we attributed changes in total DALYs to population growth, population ageing, and changes in prevalence rate and disease severity between 1990 and each subsequent year globally, regionally, nationally, and by sex, cause, and sociodemographic index (SDI). The absolute and relative contributions to the variation in blindness-related DALYs between 1990 and each year from 1991 to 2019 then served as a measure of changes in disease severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Changes in disease severity from 1990 to 2019 were associated with 15 165.11 DALYs in men and 20 639.32 DALYs in women. We observed disease severity increases in most countries/territories, with attributable DALY proportions ranging from -0.07% to 1.30% in men and from -0.06% to 1.73% in women. Notably, both attributable proportions and DALYs were greater in women than men. The largest increases in attributable DALYs were observed for cataracts, refraction disorders, and glaucoma globally; age-related macular degeneration in high-SDI countries; and trachoma and retinopathy of prematurity in lower-SDI countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Growth in the burden of cause-specific blindness due to increased disease severity reflects the lag of healthy vision life behind increasing life expectancy, necessitating the implementation of preventive and long-term therapeutic measures focussed on improving visual outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48734,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 ","pages":"04248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of diarrhoea and treatment-seeking practices among children <2 years of age in the Birhan cohort, Ethiopia, 2018-19.","authors":"Gedefaw Abeje Fekadu, Damen Hailemariam, Muluemebet Abera, Firmaye Bogale Woldie, Bezawit Mesfin Hunegnaw, Clara Pons-Duran, Robera Olana Fite, Kassahun Alemu, Lisanu Taddesse, Delayehu Bekele, Getachew Tolera, Grace J Chan","doi":"10.7189/jogh.14.04181","DOIUrl":"10.7189/jogh.14.04181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Estimating the proportion of children with diarrhoea and those who are taken in as inpatients or outpatients is important for policy planning, resource allocation, and to evaluate the effectiveness of diarrhoea prevention and control interventions. We aimed to estimate the proportion of children <2 years of age with diarrhoea, explore their treatment-seeking practices, and identify factors associated with both diarrhoea and treatment seeking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed a longitudinal study based on a sample of children <2 years of age in the Birhan field site from September 2018 to September 2019. The study site collected data on child mortality and morbidity and treatment-seeking practice for those with a history of illness every three months. Mothers/caregivers were asked about signs or symptoms of illnesses for a two-week period prior to each study visit. We estimated the proportion of children <2 years of age with diarrhoea and treatment-seeking practices for each of the four rounds of data collection and identified associated factors through bivariable and multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 4678 children <2 years of age. The proportion of children with diarrhoea was the highest from 11 September 2018 to 9 December 2018 (4.47%; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.70-5.35) and the lowest from 10 December 2018 to 9 March 2019 (2.48%; 95% CI = 1.90-3.19). Children from households with chlorinated drinking water had a 50% (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.28-0.88) lower odds of developing diarrhoea compared to those who did not. Among 339 children with diarrhoea, 275 (81.12%; 95% CI = 76.54-85.15) were taken to health facilities for treatment. Female children had lower odds of being taken to health facilities for treatment (aOR = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.17-0.80) compared to males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the proportion of children with diarrhoea in our study was lower than that observed in prior research conducted in Ethiopia, treatment-seeking practices were higher. Female children and children from the poorest families had lower odds of treatment. We recommend more studies to explore gender-based and socioeconomic differences affecting treatment-seeking practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":48734,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 ","pages":"04181"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11531709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review of the quality of care provided to sick children in Ethiopian health facilities.","authors":"Negalign Berhanu Bayou, Biruk Hailu Tesfaye, Kassahun Alemu, Alemayehu Worku, Lisanu Tadesse, Delayehu Bekele, Getachew Tolera, Grace Chan, Tsinuel Girma Nigatu","doi":"10.7189/jogh.14.04243","DOIUrl":"10.7189/jogh.14.04243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the increasing number of primary studies on the quality of health care for sick children in Ethiopia, the findings have not been systematically synthesised to inform quality improvement in policies or strategies. This systematic review provides a narrative synthesis of published evidence on the quality of care provided to sick children in Ethiopia's health facilities and on related barriers and enablers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched studies that measured the structure, process, and outcome measures of quality of care as proposed by Donabedian's framework. We searched in PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science using the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework. Grey literature was searched in Google Scholar and institutional websites. We appraised the studies' quality using the Mixed Method Quality Appraisal Tool version 2018. Data were analysed using content thematic analysis and presented using a narrative approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 36 of 701 studies. Thirty (83.3%) were nonexperimental including 21 (70%) cross-sectional studies and five (16.7%) qualitative studies. Of the 31 facility-based studies, 29 (93.5%) were conducted in public facilities. The structural, technical, and interpersonal processes of care were low quality. While some studies reported the effectiveness of interventions in reducing child mortality, the uptake of services and providers' and caretakers' experiences were suboptimal. The major structural barriers to providing quality care included inadequacy of essential drugs, supplies and equipment, training, clinical guidelines, and ambulance services. Caretakers' non-compliance to referral advice was a common demand-side barrier. The enabling factors were implementing various health system strengthening interventions including quality improvement strategies such as user-centred service delivery and optimising engagement of community-level structures such as health promotors and religious leaders to create demand.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The quality of care provided to sick children in health facilities is generally low in Ethiopia. Shortages of essential drugs, supplies and equipment, physical space, water, and electricity; and human resource-related challenges such as shortage, training, supervision, and retention were common structural barriers. Various health systems strengthening and quality improvement interventions, ranging from enhanced demand creation to realising a reliable and consumer-centred service delivery were key enablers. More research is needed on the quality of care provided in private facilities.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO: CRD42021285064.</p>","PeriodicalId":48734,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 ","pages":"04243"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined short-term exposure to meteorological, pollution factors and pertussis in different groups from Jining, China.","authors":"Haoyue Cao, Weiming Hou, Jingjing Jiang, Wenguo Jiang, Xiang Yun, Wenjun Wang, Juxiang Yuan","doi":"10.7189/jogh.14.04234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.14.04234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have typically explored daily lagged relationships among pertussis and meteorology, with little assessment of effect and interaction among pollutants mixtures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our researchers collected pertussis cases data from 2017-2022 as well as meteorological and contaminative factors for the Jining region. First, we reported the application of the Moving Epidemic Method (MEM) to estimate epidemic threshold and intensity level. Then we developed a Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) model to assess single, multiple effects and interaction of meteorological and pollution factors on pertussis cases for different sex, delayed and epidemic threshold groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There has been a yearly upward trend in the incidence of pertussis in Jining regions. High prevalence threshold years were in 2018-2019, the epidemic peak was mainly concentrated in 32 weeks. Totally, pertussis infections disease was separately 2.1% (95% confidence Interval (CI) = 1.3, 2.8) and 1.1% (95% CI = 0.3, 1.9) higher per decile increase in temperature and sulphur dioxide (SO₂). And pertussis infections disease was 1.1% lower per decile increase in humidity. In the different stratified analyses, air pressure was a strong negative effect in males and in the lagged 11-20 days group, with 7.3 and 14.7%, respectively. Sulphur dioxide had a relatively weak positive effect in males, females and the group after 20 days lag, ranging from 0.5 to 0.6%. The main positive effectors affecting the onset of disease at low and high threshold levels were ozone (O₃) and SO₂, respectively, while the negative effectors were SO₂ and carbon monoxide (CO), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first mathematically based study of seasonal threshold of pertussis in China, which allows accurate estimation of epidemic level. Our findings support that short-term exposure to pollutants is the risk factor for pertussis. We should concentrate on pollutants monitoring and effect modeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":48734,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 ","pages":"04234"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}