Palaeoworld最新文献

{"title":"Chronology and geochemistry of radiolarian chert from Zhongba, southern Xizang (Tibet): Implications for the evolution of the Neo-Tethys Ocean","authors":"Han Yan ,&nbsp;Han-Ting Zhong ,&nbsp;Zong-Qi Lin ,&nbsp;Chen-Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Ling-Xue Gao ,&nbsp;Cai Wang ,&nbsp;Ming-Cai Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The distal deep-water sedimentary successions along the northern margin of the Indian plate preserve key records of the evolution of the Neo-Tethys Ocean before and during the initial India–Asia collision. However, Upper Cretaceous radiolarian records remain relatively sparse in deep-water sediments deposited along the passive continental margin of the Indian plate. In this study, we revise the Upper Cretaceous biostratigraphy of deep-sea sediments deposited on the distal passive margin of the Indian plate at the Pianji, western Yarlung Tsangpo Suture Zone, Zhongba, southern Xizang (Tibet). Radiolarian assemblages recovered from the Weimei, Rilang, Duobeng, and Chuangde formations enable the identification of three radiolarian biozones: the <em>Turbocapsula costata</em> zone, the <em>Archaeospongoprunum tehamaensis</em> zone, and the <em>Crucella messinae</em> zone. These newly recognized radiolarian assemblages provide new insights into the evolution of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. Combined with geochemical data, the results suggest that a deep marine environment persisted in western Xizang during the Cenomanian. The faunal similarity across the Tethyan realm also indicates that this ocean was likely connected to the Neo-Tethys Ocean during the Late Cretaceous.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 201036"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new dameselloid trilobite from the Changhia Formation (Cambrian, Drumian) in central Shandong, North China","authors":"Guang-Ying Ren ,&nbsp;Jin-Liang Yuan ,&nbsp;Yi-Fan Wang ,&nbsp;Bai-Zheng An ,&nbsp;Kai Chen ,&nbsp;Xiao-Hui Cui ,&nbsp;Jian Gao ,&nbsp;Nan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Gangchengia subcylindrica</em> n. gen. n. sp., is described from the Changhia Formation (Cambrian, Drumian), central Shandong, North China. The cranidium and pygidium of the genus were predominantly found from the same stratigraphic horizon within the <em>Liopeishania lubrica</em> Zone of the upper Changhia Formation. The new genus is diagnosed by its subquadrate cranidium, broad convex subcylindrical glabella, long palpebral lobe, wide downwardly sloping preglabellar field, and narrow convex anterior border. It is also characterised by a pygidium with seven pairs of pygidial marginal spines, of which the first and sixth pairs are longer, the seventh pair is shorter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 201057"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic revision of Onaraspis Öpik, 1968 (Trilobita) and related genera from Cambrian Series 2 of the Iberian Chains (Northeast Spain)","authors":"Alexandre Sepúlveda ,&nbsp;Juan B. Chirivella Martorell ,&nbsp;Eladio Liñán ,&nbsp;Rodolfo Gozalo","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The trilobite genus <em>Onaraspis</em> has a history of taxonomic controversy. The species of this genus have been assigned to seven different families and divided into the genera <em>Onaraspis</em> and <em>Myopsolenites</em> by various authors. A careful systematic revision of <em>Onaraspis</em> from the Iberian Chains and other regions, in conjunction with related genera such as <em>Luciaspis</em> and <em>Paulaspis</em>, allows for assignment of these taxa to the Bathynotidae due to significant thoracic similarities. Additional genera from the Iberian Chains assigned to the Bathynotidae include <em>Realaspis</em> and <em>Aragotus</em>. Moreover, the morphometric analyses of <em>Onaraspis</em> species provide no morphological evidence for separation into two distinct genera. The variability of the characters included in the diagnosis of <em>Myopsolenites</em>, in conjunction with that of other characters representing the majority of the variation between species of the clade, is comparable between the two proposed genera. Consequently, <em>Myopsolenites</em> is regarded as a junior synonym of <em>Onaraspis</em>. Two new species, <em>Onaraspis schmitzi</em> n. sp. and <em>Paulaspis schmidtthomei</em> n. sp., are described. The Bathynotidae of the Iberian Chains show a wide stratigraphic range extending from the middle Marianian to upper Bilbilian (uppermost Stage 3 and Stage 4 of Cambrian Series 2). However, the majority of <em>Onaraspis</em> species are found in the upper part of the Cambrian Stage 4, which is more or less comparable with the <em>Bathynotus kueichouensis</em>-<em>Ovatoryctocara sinensis</em> Zone. An international correlation chart showing the stratigraphic ranges of genera assigned to the Bathynotidae is presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 201037"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the distribution of planktonic foraminifera guided by sea-water density?","authors":"Patrick De Deckker","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 1977, Bé and Hudson wrote a significant article on the distribution of planktonic foraminifera in the Indian Ocean. They provided modern-day data on live collections for the entire ocean and established the ranges of salinities and temperatures for each of the 32 planktonic foraminifera based on 164 plankton tows. These authors also compared the live distribution of these foraminifera with the tests of the same species found on the sea floor in some 190 core tops, assuming they were of ‘modern’ age. More recent studies contributed to a discussion concerning the importance of seawater density on planktonic foraminifera distributions in the water column. These are discussed in detail.</div><div>The Indian Ocean data are used to determine the range of water densities these foraminifera live in and an attempt is made here to determine the sea water densities the same foraminifera must have lived in during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) when surface seawater was at least 1 practical salinity unit higher as a result of a global sea level drop of some 125 m (compared with today), and oceanic temperatures had decreased significantly.</div><div>Examination of planktonic foraminifera assemblages recovered from ten core tops and samples deposited during the LGM in the same cores from the Australian region in the Eastern Indian Ocean are used to evaluate if the distribution of those foraminifera had indeed been controlled by sea water density.</div><div>In order to determine whether the Indian Ocean foraminifera at the LGM cores could live under high salinities, comparison is made with the distribution of live planktonic foraminifera in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, as in these two ‘restricted’ areas salinity is extremely high due to intense evaporation.</div><div>The contrasting foraminifera assemblages between modern and glacial conditions in all the Indian Ocean cores, with assumed density changes, clearly indicate that seawater density does not control the distribution of planktonic foraminifera. Instead, oceanic currents and oceanographic conditions such as nutrients and ephemeral upwelling as well as temperature changes, clearly affect the distribution of foraminifera when near-surface conditions change between interglacial and glacial conditions, especially concerning salinity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 201034"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of the mostly Mesozoic genus Mesypochrysa Martynov, 1927 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Limaiinae) in the lowermost Eocene Fur Formation, Denmark","authors":"Vladimir N. Makarkin ,&nbsp;Thomas J. Simonsen ,&nbsp;Evgeny E. Perkovsky","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three new specimens of the widely distributed Mesozoic genus <em>Mesypochrysa</em> <span><span>Martynov, 1927</span></span> (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Limaiinae) are reported from the lowermost Eocene Fur Formation, Denmark: two of <em>M</em>. <em>nielseni</em> <span><span>Makarkin and Perkovsky, 2023</span></span>, and one of <em>M</em>. <em>frandseni</em> n. sp. While the venation of their forewings is typical of the genus, their hind wing venation differs significantly from older congeners by two characters: MA and MP are fused distally for a short distance, and MA and the basal branches of RP are strongly zigzagged, characteristic of younger Chrysopinae. <em>Drakochrysa</em> <span><span>Yang and Hong, 1990</span></span> is regarded as a junior synonym of <em>Mesypochrysa</em>, syn. nov., and accordingly <em>Drakochrysa sinica</em> <span><span>Yang and Hong, 1990</span></span> as <em>Mesypochrysa sinica</em> (<span><span>Yang and Hong, 1990</span></span>), comb. nov. The preoccupied name of <em>Mesypochrysa sinica</em> <span><span>Khramov et al., 2016</span></span> is replaced by the new name <em>M</em>. <em>khramovi</em>, nom. nov. <em>Protochrysa brevinervis</em> <span><span>Zhang et al., 2020b</span></span> is transferred to <em>Mesypochrysa</em> as <em>M</em>. <em>brevinervis</em> (<span><span>Zhang et al., 2020b</span></span>), comb. nov.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 201059"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Middle Ordovician trilobites from the Zhongpu Formation, Yongdeng, Gansu and their palaeobiogeographic implications from quantitative morphometric analysis","authors":"Han-Xiao Shen ,&nbsp;Qi Xu ,&nbsp;Wen-Wei Yuan ,&nbsp;Ying-Jun Peng ,&nbsp;Jun-Xuan Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, clarifying the biogeographic affinities and potential faunal exchanges between North China and its neighbouring blocks is pivotal to understanding trilobite diversification patterns. This study documents a Middle Ordovician trilobite fauna from the Zhongpu Formation in Yongdeng, Gansu, North China, comprising well-preserved cranidia and pygidia of 11 species belonging to 11 genera and 7 families, including one potentially new species of Pliomeridae. Trilobite biofacies analysis indicates an environment of deeper shelf slope. The geometric morphometric analysis of Middle Ordovician trilobites is presented herein. Outlier analysis shows that the pliomerid species deviates significantly from 15 selected taxa of the family, expanding the known morphological variation range of Pliomeridae during the Ordovician. Comparative morphological disparity analysis with the coeval trilobite fauna from Tarim reveals substantial similarity in outline configuration and traditional metrics, indicating potential faunal exchange or ecological connectivity during the late Darriwilian. This finding provides new quantitative evidence supporting the close palaeogeographic relationship between the North China and Tarim blocks during the Middle Ordovician. The quantitative methods employed in this study can also be applied to other investigations in the fields of systematic palaeontology and morphology to provide new suggestions for palaeobiogeography from a quantitative perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 201052"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hirnantian progenitor of the early Silurian pentameride brachiopod Stricklandia lineage","authors":"B. Gudveig Baarli ,&nbsp;Jisuo Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The early Silurian pentameride brachiopod <em>Stricklandia</em> lineage has been used extensively for biostratigraphic correlation in Baltica, Avalonia, and Laurentia, as well as for investigating the rates and patterns of evolutionary development. In this study, the <em>Stricklandia</em> lineage is traced to the latest Hirnantian (latest Ordovician) represented by <em>Stricklandia lens nesensis</em> n. subsp. from the basal part of the Myren Member, Solvik Formation (topmost Hirnantian strata into lower Rhuddanian strata) in the Oslo Region, southern Norway. The new subspecies is characterized by a shell of relatively weak biconvexity, with wide interareas, and long inner hinge plates that fit well with the evolutionary trend of reduction in the length of inner hinge plates in successively younger species. In shell structures, both <em>Stricklandia lens nesensis</em> and the late Hirnantian virgianid <em>Brevilamnulella kjerulfi</em> possessed a suite of morphological traits that diverged in the Silurian into separate evolutionary lineages within the Virginaidae (Pentameroidea), Stricklandoidea, and Clorindioidea, such as their subparallel to basolaterally divergent inner hinge plates, strong ovarian pits, thick-walled spondylium, and clubby to platy crura. These morphological characters suggest that the major groups of pentameridine brachiopods, which dominated the Silurian Period, were rooted in a common ancestor of Hirnantian age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 201038"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fossil sardines from the Pisco Formation (Miocene), Peru: Taxonomy, taphonomy, and paleoecology","authors":"Giorgio Carnevale ,&nbsp;Luca Pellegrino ,&nbsp;Giulia Bosio ,&nbsp;Giovanni Bianucci ,&nbsp;Alberto Collareta ,&nbsp;Claudio Di Celma ,&nbsp;Elisa Malinverno ,&nbsp;Abel Alejandro Ramirez Ampuero ,&nbsp;Luz Tejada-Medina ,&nbsp;César Chacaltana ,&nbsp;Mario Urbina ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Marramà","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Miocene sedimentary sequences of the Pisco Formation (Eastern Pisco Basin, southern Peru) are renowned for the abundance of fossil vertebrates that document the early evolution of the biotic communities of the Humboldt Current Ecosystem. Vertebrate remains are often exceptionally preserved, representing a variety of fishes, turtles, crocodiles, birds, and marine mammals. Here, we describe a new species of sardine, <em>Sardinops humboldti</em> n. sp., based on partially complete articulated skeletons from the Upper Miocene P2 sequence of the Pisco Formation. This new species is morphologically similar to the extant Indian-Pacific species <em>S</em>. <em>sagax</em> from which it differs by having larger parietals, a thick and much elongate supraoccipital crest, anterolateral processes of the sphenotics that protrude obliquely from the skull roof, posterior margins of the supraoccipital and epioccipitals forming a broad acute angle approaching 90°, and gently rounded ventral margin of the opercle. Taphonomic and paleoecological evidences suggest that <em>S</em>. <em>humboldti</em> n. sp. was probably very abundant in the Eastern Pisco Basin where it formed relatively small schools of large individuals that were uniform in size, representing the trophic nucleus of the diverse vertebrate communities. Paleobiogeographic implications are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 201049"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the onset of Late Cretaceous Deccan volcanism on flora and climate: Palynofloral and megafloral evidence","authors":"Bandana Samant ,&nbsp;Dhananjay Mahendrakumar Mohabey ,&nbsp;Satish Sangode ,&nbsp;Dashrath Kisanji Kapgate ,&nbsp;Abhilash Sen ,&nbsp;Anup Dhobale ,&nbsp;Surabhi Thaokar ,&nbsp;Neha Thakre ,&nbsp;Akash Karande","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The palynological analysis of the intertrappean beds in the southeastern part of the Deccan volcanic flows reveals the presence of diverse assemblages, including key Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) marker palynomorphs such as <em>Azolla cretacea</em>, <em>Gabonisporis vigourouxii</em>, <em>Aquilapollenites bengalensis</em>, <em>Jiangsupollis striatus</em>, <em>Triporotetradites deccanensis</em>, and <em>Scollardia conferta</em>. To further constrain the age of the intertrappean beds, magnetic polarity analysis of the associated lava flows was conducted, revealing a Normal polarity, which indicates that the intertrappean beds and flows are of Maastrichtian Chron 30N age.</div><div>Our study contradicts the assumption that only younger flows (Chron 29R) are exposed in this region. Additionally, the palynofloral data suggest that the onset of Deccan volcanism was favourable rather than hostile for the proliferation of angiosperm-dominated ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 201030"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiolarians from the upper Oxfordian to lower Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) Domodedovo Section, Moscow Region, Central Russia","authors":"Nikita Bragin,&nbsp;Liubov Bragina","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A well-preserved radiolarian assemblage was studied from the Upper Jurassic of the Domodedovo quarry, Moscow Region, Central Russia. Radiolarians were found within the Ermolino Formation (upper Oxfordian to lower Kimmeridgian), in phosphatic concretions. The radiolarian assemblage is represented by 29 species of 13 genera and has a boreal affinity with some southern influence indicated by the presence of <em>Pantanellium</em>. The assemblage is characterized by the abundance of <em>Praeconocaryomma</em>, common presence of <em>Praeparvicingula</em>, and rare presence of <em>Phantum</em>, <em>Acanthocircus</em>, <em>Pantanellium</em> and <em>Nordvikella</em>. Four new species are described: <em>Acastea laevispina</em> n. sp., <em>Praeconocaryomma blomei</em> n. sp., <em>Phantum robustum</em> n. sp., <em>Nordvikella simplex</em> n. sp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 201001"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}