Palaeoworld最新文献

{"title":"Climate and vegetation changes in southern Primorye (Russian Far East) since the Last Glacial Maximum: A quantitative analysis","authors":"Tatiana A. Evstigneeva ,&nbsp;Olesia V. Bondarenko ,&nbsp;Torsten Utescher","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The climate and vegetation for southern Primorye during the last 21 kyr are studied for the first time in detail using quantitative techniques on high-temporal resolution pollen record. The data obtained showed a clear relationship with global climate events: Last Glacial Maximum, Heinrich 1, Bølling/Allerød, Younger Dryas and the warmest climate event around ca. 8.0 ka. A moderate monsoon-type climate persisted in Primorye during the last 21 kyr. The mean annual temperature did not fall below 0°C. The magnitude of the glacial–interglacial mean temperature difference in southern Primorye was ca. 7°C. Cold and cool temperate climate existed between ca. 21.0 and 11.6 ka and after 4.3 ka respectively. Climate variables of the Last Glacial Maximum were slightly below present-day values, and drier conditions prevailed compared to the late Holocene. Moderately cool conditions with excessive moisture existed during the cold events of the late Pleistocene, i.e., Younger Dryas and Heinrich 1, and in the late Holocene. Humidification did not occur due to heavy rainfall, but due to less evaporation because of low average annual temperatures during these cold events. During the last 21 kyr, there existed dry and wet seasons in Primorye, as at present, associated with monsoon circulation. The summer monsoon was more intense at ca. 16.6 ka, 14.4 ka, 11.6 ka and from ca. 11.0 to 4.3 ka.</div><div>The southern Primorye during last 21 kyr had a diverse spatial vegetation pattern with conifer and broadleaved deciduous forests of warmer or colder temperate type, dry and humid grasslands, open woodlands and riparian vegetation. Both today and in the past, the heterogeneity of the relief and climate created a diverse vegetation cover. The warmest component, broadleaved summergreen warm temperate trees, had a high proportion from 10.4 to 4.6 ka. Late Pleistocene plant communities, especially during the Last Glacial Maximum, were characterized by a high diversity of dry herbs, which indicates a dry steppe. There are indications of forest-steppe during LGM based on PFT and IPR analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100870"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141782013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Craniomandibular osteology and the first record of the ocular skeleton in a South American rhynchosaur (Archosauromorpha, Hyperodapedontinae)","authors":"Jeung Hee Schiefelbein ,&nbsp;Mauricio Silva Garcia ,&nbsp;Sérgio Furtado Cabreira ,&nbsp;Lúcio Roberto da Silva ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Temp Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new rhynchosaur specimen from the Upper Triassic (Candelária Sequence) of Southern Brazil is presented in this contribution. While these reptiles constitute some of the most sampled fossils from these beds, their taxonomic, phylogenetic, and palaeobiological status remain understudied. Delving into the cranial elements of the new specimen we performed a taxonomic and phylogenetic assessment, assigning it to “<em>Hyperodapedon</em>” <em>sanjuanensis</em>, a form that occurs in Brazil and Argentina. This assignment was based on distinctive craniomandibular features such as the absence of lingual teeth in the dentary, a unique feature among hyperodapedontine rhynchosaurs. Furthermore, our phylogenetic analysis supports this scenario. Our approach emphasizes the broader need for comprehensive anatomical descriptions of South American rhynchosaurs, particularly in Brazil, where some crucial taxa remain undescribed and/or unfigured. This study also reinforces the need for a revision of the clade Hyperodapedontinae and the <em>Hyperodapedon</em> genus. The orbital region of the new specimen reveals delicate scleral ossicles, presenting a unique window into the visual adaptations and habits of these reptiles. This is the first record of the ocular skeleton for a rhynchosaur of South America. Beyond the taxonomic and phylogenetic implications, this study elucidates the role of the ocular skeleton in regards to sensory adaptations in hyperodapedontine rhynchosaurs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100853"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper Ordovician conodonts from the Taoqupo section in the southwestern margin of the North China Craton","authors":"Shi-Xiao Li ,&nbsp;Xiu-Chun Jing ,&nbsp;Hong-Rui Zhou ,&nbsp;Xun-Lian Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Shen ,&nbsp;Qiang Fang ,&nbsp;Zhen-Tao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A diverse but relatively low yielding conodont fauna has been recovered from the Yaoxian and the Taoqupo formations at the Taoqupo section, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province, North China. This conodont fauna comprises 20 species belonging to 12 genera, exhibiting a mixture of North China and North American Midcontinent provincial affinities, and with several pandemic species associated. Five stratigraphically important species are documented in detail. Among them, <em>Tasmanognathus shichuanheensis</em> is revised as having a septimembrate apparatus. Five successive conodont biozones of late Sandbian to middle Katian age are recognized, namely the <em>Tasmanognathus shichuanheensis</em> Biozone, the <em>Phragmodus undatus</em> Biozone, the <em>Belodina confluens</em> Biozone, the <em>Yaoxianognathus neimengguensis</em> Biozone, and the <em>Yaoxianognathus yaoxianensis</em> Biozone, in ascending order. Some age-diagnostic and widely distributed conodonts present within the Taoqupo conodont fauna greatly facilitate a precise local, regional and international correlation of the present biozonation with coeval representative successions in North China, Northwestern China, South China, and the North American Midcontinent. Biostratigraphic correlations enable ages at the stage slice-level of the middle Sa2, the middle Sa2 to early Ka1, the middle Ka1, the late Ka1 to earliest Ka2, and the middle Ka2 to be assigned to the aforementioned five conodont biozones respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Out-of-India” dispersal of the extinct fabaceous genus Podocarpium Braun ex Stizenberger","authors":"Ashif Ali ,&nbsp;Robert A. Spicer ,&nbsp;Raman Patel ,&nbsp;Rajendra Singh Rana ,&nbsp;Mahasin Ali Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Podocarpium</em> is a well-known extinct single-seeded legume genus having extensive Cenozoic fossil occurrences from East Asia to central Europe. To date, there have been no fossil records of this genus from South Asia, including India. Here, we report and describe for the first time a well-preserved fossil pod from the early Eocene of Rajasthan, western India, assigned to extinct <em>Podocarpium</em> based on detailed morphology. It is characterized by an asymmetrical, oblique valve with a single oblong seed, a distinctly curved stipe, a wingless margin, a prominent vascular strand along the dorsal suture that anastomoses into the apex, a weakly curved ventral suture, fine reticulate veins, a short acuminate apex, and a narrowly acute base. This discovery is the oldest fossil evidence of <em>Podocarpium</em> recorded to date worldwide. Together with previous fossil records, we suggest an “Out-of-India” dispersal hypothesis to explain the biogeography of this extinct legume genus. It might have originated under warm and humid tropical climatic conditions in the early Eocene of India (South Asia), then migrated to China (East Asia), and subsequently spread north and westward to Europe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 100860"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution sedimentary cyclostratigraphy and astronomical signals in the Upper Ordovician of Southwest China","authors":"Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Ming-Song Li ,&nbsp;Peng Tang ,&nbsp;Jun-Xuan Fan ,&nbsp;Ren-Bin Zhan ,&nbsp;Jian-Bo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the Late Ordovician, a series of significant biotic and geological events occurred globally and more specifically in South China. The development of a high-resolution orbital cyclostratigraphic framework and a precise radioisotope dating has greatly enhanced our understanding of the factors controlling these events. In this study, quantitative proxies for palaeo-water depths, derived from sedimentological analyses, serve as indicators for orbital cyclostratigraphic assessment.</div><div>Relatively shallow-marine carbonates with well-developed shallowing-upward cycles were deposited in the western Yangtze Platform during the Late Ordovician. High-resolution geochronological data were obtained from high-precision isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS) zircon dating of K-bentonite beds at the studied section. This facilitated sedimentary facies and environmental analyses, as well as the recognition of sedimentary cycles. Based on mud content, bioclastic content, and laminations, four sedimentary facies, twelve sedimentary microfacies, and forty-eight shallowing-upward sedimentary cycles were identified in the Daduhe Formation.</div><div>Through comparative time series analysis of depth rank, lime mudstone-calcareous mudstone binary data, non-carbonate content, and anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM), astronomical cycles and trends in sedimentation rates have been identified. This study confirms the reliability of radioisotope dating, establishing a 0.46 Myr duration for the <em>Dicellograptus complexus</em> graptolite biozone and a 0.96 Myr duration for the <em>Paraorthograptus pacificus</em> graptolite biozone, both with an empirical uncertainty of 0.1 Myr. This research proposes a reliable method for identifying astronomical cycles through high-precision sedimentary microfacies and cyclostratigraphy, in comparison with rock magnetic cyclostratigraphy studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cynometroxylon aegyptiacum n. sp. (Fabaceae-Detarioideae) from the Miocene of Egypt with palaeoclimatic and biogeographic insights","authors":"Zainab M. El-Noamani,&nbsp;Nermeen A. Ziada","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new morphospecies of <em>Cynometroxylon</em> is described from the early Miocene deposits of the Gebel El-Khashab Formation exposed along the Cairo-Bahariya desert road in the north Western Desert of Egypt. It is compared with the 13 currently recognized fossil wood species of <em>Cynometroxylon</em>/<em>Cynometra</em> recorded worldwide. The characteristics of this fossil wood align with those typical of the non-seasonal tropical climate during the Miocene period, indicating its habitat at that time. This habitat is consistent with that of some living species of its analogue <em>Cynometra</em>. Upon reviewing the worldwide biogeography of the genus, its extensive distribution in Africa and Asia was observed. Furthermore, the biogeography of the subfamily Detarioideae was compiled, tracing its evolutionary history back to Africa. This confirms the possibility that family Fabaceae likely originated in Africa during the Late Cretaceous to early Paleogene, with subsequent dispersal into Asia and South America. The present record is indicative of a subtropical to warm tropical climate which prevailed in the Miocene of Egypt.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The microcoprolites Favreina iranensis from the Upper Jurassic Mozduran Formation, Kopeh Dagh basin, Iran","authors":"Maryam Motamedalshariati ,&nbsp;Diego A. Kietzmann ,&nbsp;Farokh Ghaemi","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study reports for the first time, the microcoprolites from the Mozduran Formation (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian) in the eastern part of the Kopeh Dagh sedimentary basin, in the Bazangan region of northern Iran. Fifty-two microscopic thin sections were examined, and contain crustacean microcoprolites belonging to <em>Favreina iranensis</em> Dalvand, Ashrafzadeh and Ahmadi. This occurrence expands the knowledge of this species which was originally described based on a single specimen. The association of <em>F</em>. <em>iranensis</em> with miliolid foraminiferans and sponge spicules suggests that the upper part of the Mozduran Formation was deposited under shallow-water marine conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100891"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mississippian foraminifera from the Lueyang Formation in Guozhen area, South Qinling Orogen, China","authors":"Zi-Dong Yu ,&nbsp;Yang Shen ,&nbsp;Xun-Lian Wang ,&nbsp;Zhi-Hua Yang ,&nbsp;Xiu-Chun Jing","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Mianlue Suture Belt, located in the southern part of the Qinling Orogenic Belt, is a significant tectonic zone in China that formed by the collision of the South China Block with the North China Block during Triassic. The Lueyang Formation, distributed along the southern margin of the Mianlue Suture Belt, is one of the major components of the Late Paleozoic marine strata of the Mianlue Belt. Unfortunately, only a few published paleontological studies are available. This hinders the understanding of the age and sequence of this formation and the evolution of the Mianlue Ocean. Herein, we report, for the first time, at least 51 species and 25 genera of foraminifera from the Lueyang Formation at the Zhuyuanba section. The Zhuyuanba foraminiferal fauna is dominated by <em>Eostaffella</em>, <em>Archaediscus</em>, <em>Paraarchaediscus</em>, <em>Omphalotis</em>, <em>Bradyina</em>, <em>Janischewskina</em>, <em>Endothyra</em> and <em>Mediocris</em>, and possesses some stratigraphically important taxa such as <em>Bradyina cribrostomata</em>, <em>Janischewskina</em> spp. and <em>Paraarchaediscus stilus</em>. Two foraminiferal zones are recognized in the Lueyang Formation, ascendingly the Visean <em>Paraarchaediscus stilus</em> Zone and Serpukhovian <em>Bradyina cribrostomata</em> Zone. So, the age of the Lueyang Formation at the Zhuyuanba section is considered from Visean to Serpukhovian. This paper confirms for the first time that the Lueyang Formation contains the Visean and Serpukhovian strata, providing new paleontological evidence for understanding the evolution of the Mianlue Ocean during the Late Paleozoic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100890"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The tibiotarsus of a giant darter from the upper Miocene of Amazonia and weight estimates for fossil darters","authors":"Edson Guilherme ,&nbsp;Ighor D. Mendes ,&nbsp;Carlos D’Apolito ,&nbsp;Lucy G. Souza ,&nbsp;Francisco R. Negri ,&nbsp;Kathellen G. Magalhães ,&nbsp;Jonas P. Souza-Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fossil darters are known from every continent since the Oligocene. However, it was in the Miocene of South America that this group reached its maximum diversity. <em>Macranhinga ranzii</em> is the largest darter from the Solimões Formation, described based on the left and right femora as well as the distal end of a tarsometarsus and four vertebrae. Here, we describe for the first time the left tibiotarsus of this species by comparing it with the tibiotarsus of the extant <em>Anhinga anhinga</em> and other fossil anhingids. We also calculated and compared the body mass of <em>Ma</em>. <em>ranzii</em> to that of all known tibiotarsi fossil anhingids using two calculation methods. The tibiotarsus described here is morphologically similar to that of other anhingids, however, in addition to its large size and robustness, it presents diagnostic characters (e.g., torus linearis) that allow us to attribute it to the genus <em>Macranhinga</em> and differentiate it from other fossil species of this genus whose tibiotarsi are known. The estimated body mass of <em>Ma</em>. <em>ranzii</em> ranges from 14.39 to 19.1 kg, ranking it the highest estimated body mass among the darters where the tibiotarsi were found.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100887"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fossilized soft tissues in tentaculitids from the Upper Devonian of Armenia: Towards solving the mystery of their phylogenetic affinities","authors":"Olev Vinn ,&nbsp;Tamara Hambardzumyan ,&nbsp;Elena Temereva ,&nbsp;Arayik Grigoryan ,&nbsp;Meline Tsatryan ,&nbsp;Lusine Harutyunyan ,&nbsp;Karine Asatryan ,&nbsp;Vahram Serobyan","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tentaculitids represent a significant and diverse group of mysterious fossils found in Palaeozoic strata. Their biology and evolutionary relationships remain poorly understood due to limited information about their soft body anatomy. The discovery of fossilized soft tissues in tentaculitids from the Upper Devonian of Armenia helps to resolve the long-standing mystery of tentaculitid phylogenetic affinities. The thick bundles of phosphatic bars in the tentaculitid interior closely resemble the musculature of several tubicolous invertebrates, such as phoronids and bryozoans. Based on this similarity, we interpret these structures as fossilized muscles of the tentaculitid animal. The attachment of tentaculitid body muscles in a honeycomb pattern to the body wall is unlike that of any mollusc. Based on this muscle arrangement, molluscan affinities of tentaculitoids can be refuted. The muscle arrangement in tentaculitids is more akin to that of bryozoans than to phoronids. Presumably, tentaculitids and bryozoans shared a common ancestor. This ancestor was probably a solitary animal, with coloniality emerging later in the bryozoan branch of the phylogenetic tree. Alternatively, tentaculitoids might have evolved from a bryozoan-like ancestor by losing their coloniality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 3","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}