PalaeoworldPub Date : 2025-05-20DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200959
Qian-Qi Zhang , Lin Mu , Lei Zhang , Xu-Heng Du , Hai-Chun Zhang
{"title":"The oldest known Curvicubitidae (Hemiptera) from the Permian (Wuchiapingian) of Zhangshu City, Jiangxi Province, southern China","authors":"Qian-Qi Zhang , Lin Mu , Lei Zhang , Xu-Heng Du , Hai-Chun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the earliest record of the family Curvicubitidae <span><span>Hong, 1984</span></span>, Sinocurvicubitus qingjiangensis n. gen. n. sp. is established based on a cicada tegmen collected from the Laoshan Member of the Leping Formation in the Qingjiang Basin, Jiangxi Province, southern China. This new taxon is characterised by vein R forked at basal 1/3rd tegminal length, indentation at basal 2/3rds length, vein M first forked on nodal line, more developed M and less developed CuA. A Wuchiapingian age for this new species is suggested by the co-occurrence of the ammonoids <em>Araxoceras tricarinatus</em> and <em>Pseudogastrioceras</em> sp. The new find not only extends the known palaeogeographical range of curvicubitids in China, but also suggests an origin of this family in the Palaeozoic. This new record, combined with other records of Curvicubitidae, suggests a possibility of simultaneously northward and southward migration and dispersal of this family during the late Permian to the Late Triassic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200959"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PalaeoworldPub Date : 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200958
Ke-Ying Yue , Sha Li , Tian Jiang , Dang-Peng Xi , Bo-Wen Song , Yu Liang , Li-Xin Sun , Tian-Fu Zhang , Hai-Chun Zhang , Xiao-Qiao Wan , Bo Wang
{"title":"Middle Campanian to Maastrichtian Foraminifera and biomarkers: Seawater incursion events in the Songliao Basin, Northeast China","authors":"Ke-Ying Yue , Sha Li , Tian Jiang , Dang-Peng Xi , Bo-Wen Song , Yu Liang , Li-Xin Sun , Tian-Fu Zhang , Hai-Chun Zhang , Xiao-Qiao Wan , Bo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Songliao Basin, spanning approximately 260,000 km<sup>2</sup> in Northeast China, is one of the largest oil-bearing lacustrine basins. Seawater incursion events have previously been discovered in the Turonian (lower and the uppermost Qingshankou Formation) to the Santonian and early Campanian (the first and second members of the Nenjiang Formation). We newly discovered benthic and planktonic foraminifera in the middle Campanian to Maastrichtian (Fifth Member of the Nenjiang Formation, Sifangtai, and Mingshui formations) in the ZKD-1 borehole. The Planktonic foraminifera include <em>Archaeoglobigerina blowi</em>, <em>A</em>. <em>cretacea</em>, and <em>Globotruncanella</em> sp. The benthic foraminifera include <em>Anomalinoides</em> sp., <em>Gavelinella</em> sp., and <em>Haplophragmoides</em> sp. Among them, <em>A</em>. <em>blowi</em>, <em>A</em>. <em>cretacea</em>, <em>Anomalinoides</em> sp., <em>Gavelinella</em> sp., <em>Haplophragmoides</em> sp. are widely distributed in the marine strata of the Upper Cretaceous. We tested the marine biomarker compounds including C<sub>30</sub> 24-<em>n</em>-propyl cholestane and C<sub>30</sub> 24-<em>iso</em>-propyl cholestane, indicating that the Songliao Basin experienced seawater incursion events to varying degrees during the middle to late Campanian. We also found abundant charophyte fossils in the ZKD-1 borehole, including <em>Atopochara trivolvis ulanensis</em>, <em>Latochara yuananensis</em>, <em>Feistiella anluensis</em>, <em>Mesochara biacuta</em>, <em>M</em>. <em>gobica</em>, and <em>M</em>. <em>leiocarpa</em>. Among them, the brackish water charophyte fossils of <em>Feistiella anluensis</em> were first found in Songliao Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200958"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PalaeoworldPub Date : 2025-05-14DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200957
André Mbabi Bitchong , Serge Alberto Bitjong , Serge Parfait Koah Na Lebogo , Glwadys Ngo Mandeng , Cecile Olive Mbesse , Soukaina Obad , Gilbert-François Ngon Ngon , Simon Ngos III , Thierry Adatte
{"title":"Paleoenvironmental records across middle to Upper Cretaceous in central part of the West and Central African Rift System: Palynological and geochemical inferences","authors":"André Mbabi Bitchong , Serge Alberto Bitjong , Serge Parfait Koah Na Lebogo , Glwadys Ngo Mandeng , Cecile Olive Mbesse , Soukaina Obad , Gilbert-François Ngon Ngon , Simon Ngos III , Thierry Adatte","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The West and Central African Rifts System (WCARS) is well-known for its Cretaceous deposits. Still, the reliable dating of sedimentary successions, especially in the central part, and the mechanisms causing environmental and climate change over time remained less explored. Two sections of exposed deposits were investigated within the Babouri-Figuil Basin, specifically along the Mayo-Figuil (MF) and Mayo-Dakmoune (MD) rivers. The deposits are primarily composed of wackes formed from felsic and intermediate parent rocks, perhaps originating from the adjacent basement rocks, although there are also mafic components represented by an iron-rich shale layer at the MF section. Relative dating has constrained the MF sediment age to the Albian–Cenomanian and the MD sediment age to the Campanian–Maastrichtian. Using whole-rock organic matter geochemistry and trace element concentrations, we discovered anoxic conditions, well-preserved organic matter, and marine salinity water occurrence in the Albian–Cenomanian deposits, probably related to the first Trans-Saharan seaway. Oxic conditions, poor-preserved organic matter, and brackish salinity water occurrence were established during the Campanian–Maastrichtian. The Hg/TOC spike recorded during the Albian–Cenomanian could be the consequence of proximal volcanism, most likely associated with enhanced rifting tectonic activity, whereas the maximum Hg/TOC ratios observed during the Campanian–Maastrichtian could be the product of distal volcanism. Globally, weathering was slow to moderate, and the climate was interpreted as semi-arid throughout the middle to Late Cretaceous in the central WCARS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PalaeoworldPub Date : 2025-05-14DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200955
Jiao Huang , Hui Jia , Rui-Feng Yan , Xiang-Ning Meng , Zhuo-Chen Han , Tian-Qi Dong , Jian Pan , Cheng Quan
{"title":"Fossil involucres and a nutlet of Ostrya (Betulaceae) from the upper Eocene of Shaanxi and their biogeographic implications","authors":"Jiao Huang , Hui Jia , Rui-Feng Yan , Xiang-Ning Meng , Zhuo-Chen Han , Tian-Qi Dong , Jian Pan , Cheng Quan","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ostrya</em> Scopoli, family Betulaceae, is mainly distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, with a rich fossil record in the Miocene. This study presents a new record of <em>Ostrya</em> involucres and nutlet fossils from the upper Eocene Bailuyuan Formation in Weinan City, Shaanxi, China. The fossil involucres are saccate, ellipsoid or ovate, with reticulate veins; the nutlet is ellipsoid-ovate, one side surface has five ribs, and is wingless. Based on morphological comparisons, a new species, <em>Ostrya parajaponica</em> Huang and Jia, n. sp. is proposed, which represents the earliest fossil record of <em>Ostrya</em> involucres globally. In this study, the historical distribution of <em>Ostrya</em> is investigated, and it is speculated that <em>Ostrya</em> originated in Asia before the late Eocene. During the late Eocene, <em>Ostrya</em> may have spread from Asia to North America via the Bering Land Bridge and then spread from North America to Europe via the North Atlantic Land Bridge. During the Oligocene, the closure of the Turgai Straits may have facilitated widespread exchange of <em>Ostrya</em> across the Eurasian continent. During the Miocene, during warm climates, <em>Ostrya</em> was widely distributed across the American and Eurasian continents. Subsequently, the cooling and drying of climates beginning in the Pliocene shaped the current geographical distribution pattern of <em>Ostrya</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200955"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PalaeoworldPub Date : 2025-05-14DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200956
Qing-Dan Zheng , Xiao-Ju Yang , Ting Li
{"title":"Palaeoenvironmental implications of Baiera hallei Sze from the Middle Jurassic in Shaanxi Province, China","authors":"Qing-Dan Zheng , Xiao-Ju Yang , Ting Li","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terrestrial plants are important indicators of palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment during the geological history. The Ginkgoales leaves are commonly used to reconstruct the atmospheric palaeo-CO<sub>2</sub> concentration (<em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub>) during the Jurassic. <em>Baiera</em>, a genus of Ginkgoales, however, has been less reported in the reconstruction of the <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> during the Middle Jurassic. In this paper, <em>Baiera hallei</em> Sze from the lower Middle Jurassic (Aalenian) Yan’an Formation in the central Ordos Basin is studied in detail based on abundant materials. Ten well-preserved leaves of <em>B</em>. <em>hallei</em> were selected to calculate stomatal parameters, and their stomatal index was used to estimate the <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub>. The average SI was 6.19 ± 0.38, the <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> obtained by the stomatal ratio method was 1121 ± 73 ppm, and the average palaeotemperature reconstructed by McElwain’s empirical formula was 13–15.8°C. The <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> roughly coincides with the long-term carbon cycle model GEOCARB II. The palaeoclimate in Yulin district was warm and humid during the Aalenian (early Middle Jurassic).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200956"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PalaeoworldPub Date : 2025-04-29DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200954
Han Wang , Zhi-Xin Sun , Hai-Chun Zhang
{"title":"New eurypterids from the Lower Devonian Nagaoling Formation of Guangxi, South China","authors":"Han Wang , Zhi-Xin Sun , Hai-Chun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eurypterids, commonly known as sea scorpions, were an extinct group of arthropods renowned for their large size and role as apex predators in Early Paleozoic marine ecosystems. Among them, carcinosomatids and pterygotids stand out as two particularly striking groups, both characterized by their large size but differing in morphological specialization. Compared to their diversity and abundance in Laurussia, both groups are rare in the larger Pan-Gondwanan region, which is consistent with the general pattern observed from most eurypterids, especially the Devonian genera. Here, we report a new diverse eurypterid fauna from the Nagaoling Formation (Lochkovian, Devonian) in Guangxi, South China, including Carcinosomatidae, Pterygotidae, and Adelophthalmidae. <em>Tigrisopterus zengi</em> n. gen. n. sp. represents the youngest known carcinosomatid worldwide and the first Devonian member of this family discovered outside Laurussia. <em>Acutiramus</em> sp., with an estimated body length of approximately 1.6–1.8 m, is the first <em>Acutiramus</em> component found in China and one of the youngest representatives of this genus known to date. These two families, along with the generalist <em>Adelophthalmus</em> found in the same bed, suggest a complex ecological structure in the Devonian shallow marine environment of South China. This discovery expands both the temporal and spatial distribution of carcinosomatids and pterygotids, providing new insights into the distribution and evolutionary history of these ancient predators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200954"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PalaeoworldPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200945
Sreepat Jain
{"title":"Can the occurrence of the ammonite genus Hildoglochiceras Spath serve as an early Tithonian marker event?","authors":"Sreepat Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 20–40° southern latitude-delimited <em>Hildoglochiceras</em> fauna enables correlation of South Tethyan early Tithonian rocks along the northwestern peri-Gondwana margin stretching from Madagascar to Nepal. Herein, a new assemblage of the ammonite genus <em>Hildoglochiceras</em> Spath is recorded from the Rupsi Shale Member of the Baisakhi Formation in the Jaisalmer Basin, western India, and consists of <em>H</em>. cf. <em>latistrigatum</em> (Uhlig), <em>H</em>. cf. <em>kobelliforme</em> (Bonarelli), <em>H</em>. cf. <em>nodosum</em> Prasad, and <em>Hildoglochiceras</em> sp. A. On its base, it is delimited by the occurrence of the early Tithonian <em>Aulacosphinctoides</em> cf. <em>mayeri</em> (Uhlig), <em>A</em>. <em>perrinsmithi</em> Uhlig, <em>A</em>. cf. <em>tardissimus</em> Enay, <em>A</em>. <em>infundibulum</em> (Uhlig) and <em>A</em>. cf. <em>infundibulum</em> (Uhlig) and, on its top, by the late Tithonian index <em>Himalayites</em> aff. <em>seideli</em> (Oppel). Based on the present and previous records from western India (i.e., from Kachchh and Jaisalmer basins), the occurrence of <em>Hildoglochiceras</em> Spath is correlated with the Standard Tethyan <em>Darwini</em> Zone of early Tithonian. It is plausible, and with more precise sampling from other western Gondwana margin localities, that the occurrence of <em>Hildoglochiceras</em> Spath may suggest an early Tithonian (<em>Darwini</em> to <em>Semiforme</em> zones) event, facilitating improved large-scale biostratigraphic correlations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200945"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PalaeoworldPub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200942
Qi-Ming Guo , Chun-Peng Xu , André Nel , An-Cheng Peng , Zhi-Gang Wen , Ting Li , Rui Fang , Da-Ran Zheng
{"title":"A new genus and species of Susumaniidae (Insecta: Phasmatodea) from the Middle Jurassic of Shaanxi Province, Northwest China","authors":"Qi-Ming Guo , Chun-Peng Xu , André Nel , An-Cheng Peng , Zhi-Gang Wen , Ting Li , Rui Fang , Da-Ran Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new genus and species <em>Yananphasma chresmodoides</em> n. gen. n. sp. of susumaniid (Insecta) is described from the Middle Jurassic Yan’an Formation in China, based on a well preserved complete forewing. Our observation shows that these polyneopteran insects have narrow elongate forewings with parallel veins in their distal part, have a venation of phasmatodean type instead of archaeorthopteran type, with the median vein well separated from the radial vein and cubital vein and cubitus anterior emerging from the stem cubitus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PalaeoworldPub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200941
Ke-Ying Yue , Tian Jiang , Sha Li , Hai-Chun Zhang , Xiao-Qiao Wan
{"title":"Middle to late Maastrichtian planktonic foraminifera from the Gongzha section in Dingri area, southern Xizang, China","authors":"Ke-Ying Yue , Tian Jiang , Sha Li , Hai-Chun Zhang , Xiao-Qiao Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Late Cretaceous strata in the Dingri area of southern Xizang represent one of the best-preserved marine deposits of the Tethys Ocean. In this study, we focus on the biostratigraphy and systematic paleontology of middle–late Maastrichtian planktonic foraminifera, sampled from a series of continuous outcrops in the upper part of the Zongshan Formation at the Gongzha section in the Dingri area. A total of 25 species belonging to 12 genera are recorded. These foraminifera were identified as belonging to the CF4 Zone and CF3 Zone based on the first appearances of <em>Racemiguembelina fructicosa</em> and <em>Psuedoguembelina hariaensis</em>, respectively. According to the correlation to the international planktonic foraminifera zones, the age interval from the <em>R</em>. <em>fructicosa</em> Zone to the <em>Psg</em>. <em>hariaensis</em> Zone spans middle–late Maastrichtian. This newly identified fauna offers valuable chronological data for the paleontology and biostratigraphy of the Late Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera in the Dingri area of southern Xizang and for the study of the paleoenvironment changes in Late Cretaceous.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200941"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Early Permian (Asselian) flora from the Talchir Formation, Son Basin, India: Biostratigraphical and palaeoenvironmental implications","authors":"Suyash Gupta , Anju Saxena , Sankar Suresh Kumar Pillai , Husain Shabbar","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Talchir Formation (Asselian–Sakmarian), the lowermost non-coaliferous sedimentary sequence of the Lower Gondwana Group is of utmost significance to understand evolution and proliferation of the Glossopteris Flora in the Gondwanan continents. After the Carboniferous deglaciation, a distinct new flora, i.e., the Glossopteris Flora appeared in the southern high palaeolatitudes during the onset of the Permian. This flora is widely distributed in the Permian successions of Peninsular India and sporadically distributed in extra Peninsular, i.e., Himalayan regions of India. Therefore, floral records obtained from the Talchir Formation are pertinent to understanding the evolution and radiation of the Glossopteris Flora. The present study assesses the early Permian floral diversity, palaeoenvironment, and palaeoclimate inferred from Talchir deposits of Chirmiri area, Son Basin, Chhattisgarh, India. This study considerably adds to our current understanding of the radiation of the early Glossopteris Flora in India immediately after the Permian–Carboniferous deglaciation. A rich macroflora has been recovered from reddish siltstone and grey shale units of two sections of the Talchir Formation and is the largest floral composite recovered so far, from this formation. The floral assemblage reveals dominance of Cordaitales (<em>Noeggerathiopsis</em> and <em>Euryphyllum</em>), Equisetales (<em>Paracalamites</em>) followed by Glossopteridales (<em>Gangamopteris</em>, <em>Glossopteris</em>, scale leaf and seed). The prolific occurrence of Cordaitales implies that this plant group was also flourishing on the raised grounds along with glossopterids during the early Permian. Typical <em>Euryphyllum</em>-<em>Noeggerathiopsis</em>-<em>Gangamopteris</em> assemblage suggests that studied strata is of ‘Upper Floristic zone’ of the Talchir equivalent to ‘Rikba beds’ and is Asselian in age. Furthermore, the occurrence of thick reddish colour siltstone units indicates localized ‘Red beds’ and shift in climate from cool humid to arid. The floral composite is corroborated with coeval flora of India and other Gondwana continents to understand palaeogeographical distribution of these plant groups. The floral composition suggests the existence of terrestrial marshy ecosystem with cooler climatic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200944"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}