Trends in Hearing最新文献

{"title":"The Failure Index as Marker of the Neural Health Profile in MED-EL CI Users: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Wiebke Konerding, Cornelia Batsoulis, Peter Baumhoff, Heval Benav, Lutz Gärtner, Annette Günther, Onhintz de Olano Dieterich, Daniel Schurzig, Stefan Strahl, Jochen Tillein, Sarah Vormelcher, Andreas Büchner, Carolyn Garnham, Andrej Kral","doi":"10.1177/23312165261477505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23312165261477505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cochlear implants (CIs) enable hearing via direct electrical stimulation of the spiral ganglion neurons (SGN). Outcomes with a CI depend, in part, on the number and excitability of the SGNs. In an animal model, we introduced the Failure Index (FI) as an electrically-evoked compound action potential (eCAP)-derived marker of cochlear health. The FI informs about the presence, site, and size of SGN lesions. Here, we translated the FI to clinical recordings from human MED-EL CI users. In this retrospective study, we included patient data recorded between 2016 and 2024 from 199 ears with postlingual hearing loss and 79 ears with prelingual hearing loss. The averaged FI values over all contacts of the array were stable within the analysis period (3^rd month to 1^st year postoperatively). The FI increased with age and was elevated in etiologies associated with higher SGN loss. Using 3D reconstruction from cone-beam computed tomography scans, we confirmed that the FI was independent of electrode-to-modiolus distance (0.1-2.5 mm). The FI showed individual patterns along the array, with maxima usually found at basal contacts, corresponding to reduced neural health at high-frequency cochlear regions. In a selected group of postlingual-deaf ears, we found higher correlation coefficients between speech-perception scores and the FI compared to other eCAP-derived markers (i.e., threshold, slope, and amplitude). These results were in line with the hypothesis that the FI may serve as a clinical tool to identify implanted ears with reduced neural health and to identify contacts stimulating areas of reduced SGN survival and integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48678,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Hearing","volume":"30 ","pages":"23312165261477505"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13494344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered Paired-Click Auditory Brainstem Responses in Normal-Hearing Young Adults With Frequent Loud Sound Exposure.","authors":"Haruna Fujihira, Rinako Higashi, Shimpei Yamagishi, Shigeto Furukawa, Makio Kashino, Shuji Mori","doi":"10.1177/23312165261417086","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23312165261417086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated differences in auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) using the paired-click paradigm between young adults frequently exposed to loud sounds and those not. Young adults with normal hearing were divided into two groups: an exposed group (n = 23), who were frequently exposed to loud sounds through music practice, and a control group (n = 21). Sound exposure levels (measured via smartwatch), hearing thresholds (0.125-16 kHz), distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) magnitudes, word intelligibility, and ABRs to single and paired clicks were obtained. For paired-click ABRs, root mean square values for the post-wave I response delayed from the wave I peak (RMS_post-w1) were calculated for second-click responses. The exposed group exhibited higher sound exposure levels than the control group. Despite similar hearing thresholds, DPOAE magnitudes, wave I peak amplitudes and wave I/V amplitude ratio, the exposed group showed significantly lower RMS_post-w1 values for second-click responses than the control group. No significant group difference was observed in word intelligibility. The results showed that frequent loud sound exposure may induce peripheral auditory changes consistent with cochlear synaptopathy (CS). This suggests that the paired-click stimulation paradigm may offer a way of detecting noise-induced CS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48678,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Hearing","volume":"30 ","pages":"23312165261417086"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12909760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146207964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Avatar Head Movements on Communication Behavior and Subjective Evaluations of Presence and Success in Triadic Conversations.","authors":"Angelika Kothe, Volker Hohmann, Giso Grimm","doi":"10.1177/23312165261432065","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23312165261432065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interactive communication in virtual reality can be used in experimental paradigms to increase the ecological validity of hearing device evaluations. This requires the virtual environment to elicit natural communication behavior in listeners. This study evaluates the effect of virtual animated characters' head movements on participants' communication behavior and experience. Triadic conversations were conducted between a study participant and two confederates. To facilitate the manipulation of head movements, the conversation was conducted in telepresence using a system that transmitted audio, head movement data and video with low delay. The confederates were represented by virtual animated characters (avatars) with different levels of animation: Static heads, automated head movement animations based on speech level onsets, and animated head movements based on the transmitted head movements of the confederates. A condition was also included in which the live videos of the confederates' heads were embedded in the visual scene. Sixteen young adults (19-32 years) with self-reported normal hearing participated in the study, i.e., 16 triads were measured. The results show significant effects of animation level on the participants' speech and head movement behavior as recorded by physical sensors, as well as on the subjective experience. The largest effects were found for the range of head orientation while speaking, the head orientation while listening, and the perceived realism of avatars. We therefore conclude that the representation of conversation partners affects communication behavior, which may be considered when natural speech and movement behavior is desired.</p>","PeriodicalId":48678,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Hearing","volume":"30 ","pages":"23312165261432065"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13065277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147634999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective Comparison of Auditory Profiles Using Manifold Learning and Intrinsic Measures.","authors":"Chen Xu, Birger Kollmeier, Lena Schell-Majoor","doi":"10.1177/23312165261461348","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23312165261461348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assigning individuals with hearing impairment to auditory profiles can support a better understanding of the causes and consequences of hearing loss and facilitate profile-based hearing-aid fitting. However, the factors influencing auditory profile generation remain insufficiently understood, and existing profiling frameworks have rarely been compared systematically. This study therefore investigated the impact of two key factors-the clustering method and the number of profiles-on auditory profile generation. In addition, eight established auditory profiling frameworks were systematically reviewed and compared using intrinsic statistical measures and manifold learning techniques. Frameworks were evaluated with respect to internal consistency (i.e., grouping similar individuals) and cluster separation (i.e., clear differentiation between groups). To ensure comparability, all analyses were conducted on a common open-access dataset, the extended Oldenburg Hearing Health Record (OHHR), comprising 1,127 participants (mean age = 67.2 years, SD = 12.0). Results showed that both the clustering method and the chosen number of profiles substantially influenced the resulting auditory profiles. Among purely audiogram-based approaches, the Bisgaard auditory profiles demonstrated the strongest clustering performance, whereas audiometric phenotypes performed worst. Among frameworks incorporating supra-threshold information in addition to the audiogram, the Hearing4All auditory profiles achieved the lowest normalized Davies-Bouldin (DB) score, while the BEAR auditory profiles performed better on the other intrinsic measures. In conclusion, separability should be considered a primary criterion in auditory profile generation, as it directly determines how meaningfully different profiles can be distinguished in practice. Manifold learning and intrinsic measures enable systematic comparisons of auditory profiling frameworks and identify the Hearing4All auditory profile as a promising approach for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48678,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Hearing","volume":"30 ","pages":"23312165261461348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148363240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking Attentional Modulation to Auditory Attention Decoding: Using Colocated Stimuli With a Fixed Temporal Structure.","authors":"Jusung Ham, Ian Pope, Jinhee Kim, Hwan Shim, Bijaya Adhikari, Yu-Hsiang Wu, Kyogu Lee, Barbara G Shinn-Cunningham, Octav Chipara, Inyong Choi","doi":"10.1177/23312165261442999","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23312165261442999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neural representations of task-relevant sounds are emphasized when they are attended to, compared with when they are ignored. Classic markers of this modulation, such as amplitude change of event-related potentials (ERPs) and attentional modulation indices (AMIs) derived from envelope-tracking analyses, provide robust quantitative measures of top-down attentional strength. However, it remains unclear how well modern auditory attention decoding (AAD) algorithms applied to short electroencephalography (EEG) segments reflect these established neural signatures.Here, we used a two-stream, colocated listening paradigm with fixed and highly regular temporal structure, enabling precise isolation of ERPs and reliable computation of AMI. Participants attended to one of two simultaneous speech streams and detected occasional pitch deviants, while a 64-channel EEG was recorded. We compared three decoding pipelines-a forward linear model-based decoder, a backward linear model-based decoder, and a convolutional neural network (CNN) decoder-in their ability to classify the attended stream from single 4-s trials, a window short enough to reveal performance differences while still supporting above-chance decoding. Importantly, we examined how decoding outcomes relate to classical attentional modulation, including ERP peak amplitudes and AMI.All models achieved significant AAD performance, with the CNN decoder yielding the highest accuracy. Decoding success of all models aligned with known attentional modulation of ERPs, while the forward model decoder exhibited stronger alignment to the N1 peak-related AMI. These findings demonstrate how fixed temporal structure and colocation provide a testbed linking attention decoding to underlying neural mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":48678,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Hearing","volume":"30 ","pages":"23312165261442999"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13373405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148450091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dual-Electrode Asynchrony on Temporal Pitch Discrimination With Amplitude Modulation and Short Inter-Pulse Intervals in Cochlear Implant Listeners.","authors":"Martin J Lindenbeck, Piotr Majdak, Bernhard Laback","doi":"10.1177/23312165251408983","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23312165251408983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cochlear-implant listeners show impaired pitch perception compared to normal-hearing listeners. One of the factors limiting pitch sensitivity in multi-electrode as compared to single-electrode stimulation can be intracochlear interactions of electrode signals (i.e., channels). We measured temporal-pitch discrimination sensitivity for loudness-balanced dual-electrode stimuli with various spatio-temporal configurations in listeners with MED-EL implants. We hypothesized a link between pitch sensitivity and tonotopic separation as well as (monaural) temporal electrode asynchrony, the latter resulting in various combinations of inter-pulse intervals in the compound stimuli received by the auditory nerve. Per-electrode stimulus types were high-rate (i.e., 1,000-pps) pulse trains with a 100-Hz amplitude modulation and both with and without additional pulses inserted with short inter-pulse intervals at modulation peaks. The temporal asynchrony had a detrimental effect for tonotopic separations below 2.2 mm but not for separations of 7.1 mm and more. This pattern was largely consistent across stimulus types and can be attributed to spectro-temporal channel interactions. When compared with sensitivity to unmodulated 100-pps pulse trains [Lindenbeck et al., <i>Trends in Hearing</i>, <i>28</i>, Article 23312165241271340 (2024)], stimuli without short inter-pulse interval pulses yielded lower sensitivity while stimuli with short inter-pulse interval pulses approached low-rate sensitivity for some tonotopic separations. Despite lower sensitivity overall, high-rate pitch cues seemed to be integrated (i.e., improved) more across the two electrodes than low-rate pitch cues when compared to single-electrode stimulation. These results suggest that short inter-pulse interval pulses are beneficial for temporal-pitch sensitivity in dual-electrode configurations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48678,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Hearing","volume":"30 ","pages":"23312165251408983"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12796140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145960496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Real Ear Target Deviations on SSQ and Speech Intelligibility in a Clinical Population.","authors":"Simon E Lansbergen, Gertjan Dingemanse, Niek J Versfeld, Wouter A Dreschler, André Goedegebure","doi":"10.1177/23312165251408752","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23312165251408752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The quality of hearing-aid (HA) fitting is typically evaluated using speech intelligibility tests and/or Real-Ear Measurements (REMs). Although it is assumed that a better fit improves daily outcomes, supporting evidence is inconclusive. This study examined whether deviations from National Acoustic Laboratories Non-Linear (NAL-NL2) real-ear targets (real-ear-to-target difference, RTD) predicted changes in Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) scores, and whether they related to aided speech recognition in quiet. The effects of hearing loss and patient characteristics were also considered. Data from 298 adults (mean age 65 years) fitted with new or replacement HAs (66%) were analyzed. Baseline measures included unaided speech recognition in quiet and a 17-item SSQ; follow-up measures included aided speech recognition in quiet, RTDs, and the SSQ. Principal Components Analysis summarized RTDs into overall gain (RTD₁) and high-frequency gain (RTD₂). The effects of treatment, RTD, pure-tone average (PTA), audiogram slope, asymmetry, age, gender, and HA experience on SSQ scores were investigated with mixed-effects models. Hearing-aid use improved both SSQ score (by 1.4 points) and speech in quiet. The RTD₁ predicted neither SSQ nor speech scores. Underamplification above 2 kHz (RTD₂) did not influence speech scores significantly, but reduced SSQ improvement. Higher PTA and steeper slopes were associated with lower aided speech scores, while higher PTA and age reduced SSQ improvement. Hearing-aid experience showed modest SSQ-domain effects. About half of SSQ variance reflected between-subject differences. HAs provide substantial benefit, despite moderate NAL-NL2 mismatches. Accurate 4-8 kHz fittings maximize outcomes by the SSQ, supporting REM-guided fitting practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":48678,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Hearing","volume":"30 ","pages":"23312165251408752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12816552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146004425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localization of Free-Field Sound Sources in the Chronic Phase of Mild Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Mathias Dietz, Anna Dietze, Peter Sörös, Karsten Witt, Henri Pöntynen","doi":"10.1177/23312165261446384","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23312165261446384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate sound localization relies on the transformation of binaural cues into stable spatial representations, yet the neural mechanisms supporting this process remain incompletely understood. Mild stroke provides a unique opportunity to study the vulnerability of auditory spatial processing within distributed neural networks. We investigated azimuthal sound localization in chronic-phase survivors of mild stroke without hearing aid use using broadband, low-frequency, and high-frequency noise and compared it against a headphone-based lateralization task. Most patients exhibited localization accuracy comparable to healthy listeners. However, 4 of 14 patients showed a striking alteration of auditory spatial perception: instead of a continuous mapping of azimuth, responses clustered into bi- or trimodal (left-center-right) categorical patterns. Comparable deficits were also observed in one of the five age-matched control participants. To our knowledge, such localization patterns have not been reported in listeners without neurological disease. Atypical localization was most pronounced with low-frequency stimuli, suggesting a different role of the respective binaural cues in forming a spatial representation of sound. Differences between loudspeaker-based localization and existing headphone-based lateralization data further suggest that these paradigms engage distinct auditory spatial representations. The findings support the view that auditory space is constructed through higher-order, supramodal spatial mechanisms that are particularly vulnerable to right-hemispheric damage. Overall, the data highlight the challenges of quantifying spatial hearing of stroke survivors both on an individual and on a population level. Challenges include previously undocumented stimulus and method dependencies, an unknown mixing of auditory and neurological factors, and the absence of normative data for a nonstroke control cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":48678,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Hearing","volume":"30 ","pages":"23312165261446384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13180058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147943367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Binaural Front End for Speech Intelligibility Models: Application to the Hearing-Aid Speech Perception Index (HASPI).","authors":"Mathieu Lavandier, James M Kates, Kathryn H Arehart","doi":"10.1177/23312165261422005","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23312165261422005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Binaural hearing can improve the intelligibility of a speech source spatially separated from competing sound sources when compared to co-located conditions. Monaural speech intelligibility models cannot predict this spatial release from masking. A binaural front end is proposed that can be combined with monaural models to do so. From the noisy speech signals at the two ears, it produces binaurally-enhanced monaural signals that can be evaluated by monaural models. A stationary and a time-dependent version of the front end were tested here with the monaural Hearing Aid Speech Perception Index (HASPI) that compares the envelope modulations of the noisy speech to those of the clean speech. The model predictions were compared to the intelligibility scores of three datasets collected with normal-hearing listeners via headphones measurements in anechoic conditions. A stationary speech-shaped noise (SSN) was tested at 10 azimuths in dataset 1. In dataset 2, an SSN or a non-stationary noise were tested at three azimuths, with or without ideal binary mask processing. In dataset 3, the competing sounds were obtained by mixing the signals from an SSN co-located with the target speech, a diffuse noise coming from all directions, and a spatially-separated SSN. The stationary-front-end predictions are very accurate in the conditions with a spatially-separated SSN, while monaural HASPI predictions at the ear with the better signal-to-noise ratio under-estimate intelligibility. The front-end predictions are slightly less accurate for non-stationary noise but under-estimate intelligibility with diffuse noise. The time-dependent version of the front end systematically over-estimates intelligibility at low signal-to-noise ratios.</p>","PeriodicalId":48678,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Hearing","volume":"30 ","pages":"23312165261422005"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13009958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147487818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Age-Related Hearing Loss on Brain Connectivity and Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Sebastián Rivera, Andre Gómez-Lombardi, María Francisca Alonso, Steren Chabert, Kevin J Munro, Wael El-Deredy","doi":"10.1177/23312165261459418","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23312165261459418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adult-onset hearing loss is associated with cognitive decline, although the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that the early stages of hearing loss can alter brain network dynamics, which may be detectable before other neurocognitive markers. This systematic review aims to present evidence for altered brain connectivity in age-related hearing loss, and its subsequent relationship with cognitive performance. The review was preregistered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews and conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We screened 203 articles from 4 databases, of which 25 cohort and case-control studies published between 2019 and 2025 met the inclusion criteria. According to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, 76% of the included studies were classified as high methodological quality. The findings show that older adults with age-related hearing loss exhibit changes in brain connectivity. A novel finding is the disruption of higher-order networks, such as the Default Mode Network, and its association with reduced performance in cognitive control functions, particularly shifting. This may shed light on the association between hearing loss and cognitive decline, although causality has yet to be established. These findings suggest that brain connectivity may serve as an early neural correlate of cognitive vulnerability and inform future research into interventions targeting cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":48678,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Hearing","volume":"30 ","pages":"23312165261459418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13305697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148303608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}