Current Forestry Reports最新文献

{"title":"Linking the Water and Carbon Economies of Plants in a Drying and Warming Climate","authors":"Mazen Nakad, Sanna Sevanto, Jean-Christophe Domec, Gabriel Katul","doi":"10.1007/s40725-023-00202-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00202-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Purpose of Review</b>\u0000</h3><p>Harsher abiotic conditions are projected for many woodland areas, especially in already arid and semi-arid climates such as the Southwestern USA. Stomatal regulation of their aperture is one of the ways plants cope with drought. Interestingly, the dominant species in the Southwest USA, like in many other ecosystems, have different stomatal behaviors to regulate water loss ranging from isohydric (e.g., piñon pine) to anisohydric (e.g., juniper) conditions suggesting a possible niche separation or different but comparable strategies of coping with stress. The relatively isohydric piñon pine is usually presumed to be more sensitive to drought or less desiccation tolerant compared to the anisohydric juniper although both species close their stomata under drought to avoid hydraulic failure, and the mortality of one species (mostly piñon) over the other in the recent droughts can be attributed to insect outbreaks rather than drought sensitivity alone. Furthermore, no clear evidence exists demonstrating that iso- or anisohydric strategy increases water use efficiency over the other consistently. How these different stomatal regulatory tactics enable woody species to withstand harsh abiotic conditions remains a subject of inquiry to be covered in this review.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Recent Findings</b>\u0000</h3><p>This contribution reviews and explores the use of simplified stomatal optimization theories to assess how photosynthesis and transpiration respond to warming (H), drought (D), and combined warming and drought (H+D) for isohydric and anisohydric woody plants experiencing the same abiotic stressors. It sheds light on how simplified stomatal optimization theories can separate between photosynthetic and hydraulic acclimation due to abiotic stressors and how the interactive effects of H+D versus H or D alone can be incorporated into future climate models.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Summary</b>\u0000</h3><p>The work here demonstrates how field data can be bridged to simplified optimality principles so as to explore the effect of future changes in temperature and in soil water content on the acclimation of tree species with distinct water use strategies. The results show that the deviations between measurements and predictions from the simplified optimality principle can explain different species’ acclimation behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":48653,"journal":{"name":"Current Forestry Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71435376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conifer Defences against Pathogens and Pests — Mechanisms, Breeding, and Management","authors":"Melissa H. Mageroy, Nina E. Nagy, Arne Steffenrem, Paal Krokene, Ari M. Hietala","doi":"10.1007/s40725-023-00201-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00201-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>Forestry in northern temperate and boreal regions relies heavily on conifers. Rapid climate change and associated increases in adverse growing conditions predispose conifers to pathogens and pests. The much longer generation time and presumably, therefore, lower adaptive capacity of conifers relative to their native or non-native biotic stressors may have devastating consequences. We provide an updated overview of conifer defences underlying pathogen and pest resistance and discuss how defence traits can be used in tree breeding and forest management to improve resistance.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Breeding of more resilient and stress-resistant trees will benefit from new genomic tools, such as genotyping arrays with increased genomic coverage, which will aid in genomic and relationship-based selection strategies. However, to successfully increase the resilience of conifer forests, improved genetic materials from breeding programs must be combined with more flexible and site-specific adaptive forest management.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Successful breeding programs to improve conifer resistance to pathogens and pests provide hope as well as valuable lessons: with a coordinated and sustained effort, increased resistance can be achieved. However, mechanisms underlying resistance against one stressor, even if involving many genes, may not provide any protection against other sympatric stressors. To maintain the adaptive capacity of conifer forests, it is important to keep high genetic diversity in the tree breeding programs. Choosing forest management options that include diversification of tree-species and forest structure and are coupled with the use of genetically improved plants and assisted migration is a proactive measure to increase forest resistance and resilience to foreseen and unanticipated biotic stressors in a changing climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":48653,"journal":{"name":"Current Forestry Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49696840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Forest and Wood Products","authors":"Satoru Tsuchikawa, Tetsuya Inagaki, Te Ma","doi":"10.1007/s40725-023-00203-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00203-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>Forest and wood products are often characterized by a uniformity of quality attributes, which necessitates the development of rapid and non-destructive quality evaluation methods to ensure their optimal quality. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) represents a highly suitable approach for the characterization of organic compounds, and is generally combined with sophisticated multivariate analysis methods. This review article presents a range of scientific and technical reports showcasing the successful use of NIRS for evaluating forest and wood products, mainly published within the past 5 years.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Continuous advancements in spectral imaging techniques and the integration of big-data analytics have greatly enhanced the capabilities of NIR instrumentation, enabling its widespread application across diverse fields. Although NIR spectral imaging methods do have some limitations when it comes to online grading, they can still be used to test small quantities of samples at a batch level. Moreover, the ever-increasing use of handheld devices has made NIRS easily accessible.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>We aim to provide a summary of new research in basic spectroscopic research, integrating the improvements of spectral imaging methods and big-data analytics. Furthermore, low-cost and portable devices have been produced, enabling remote analysis and further expanding the scope of NIRS applications. Looking forward, we anticipate that continued advancements in this field will enable even wider applications of NIRS for online or at-line quality monitoring in diverse fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":48653,"journal":{"name":"Current Forestry Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49696860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Modified Wood-Based Adsorbents for Contaminant Removal: Valorization Methods, Modification Mechanisms, and Environmental Applications","authors":"Mina Keshvardoostchokami, Flavia Lega Braghiroli, Carmen Mihaela Neculita, Ahmed Koubaa","doi":"10.1007/s40725-023-00200-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00200-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>Wood-based adsorbents are increasingly used for environmental applications. They demonstrate considerable advantages, including renewable feedstock, relatively simple preparation processes, and advantageous structural and surface properties. In short, they provide environmentally friendly, effective, and economical sources for contaminant removal. This review summarizes recent advances in the preparation and use of selected modified wood-based residues (biochar, ash, and cellulose) as adsorbents for environmental applications (water, air, and soil remediation).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Although chemical modifications have produced better results for wood-based adsorbents, the inherent corrosion problems and safety issues have made physical modifications more feasible on an industrial scale. For environmental remediation, inorganic contaminants can be removed by raw and modified wood-based adsorbents, mainly via electrostatic interaction, surface complexation, pore filling, and ion exchange. Organic contaminants are removed via van der Waals forces between unsaturated polycyclic molecules, pore filling, and hydrogen bonding. Specific surface area and porosity are critical parameters for effective contaminant adsorption, mostly from water and air. A comparison of wood-based residues used for wastewater treatment ranked the efficiency as ash &gt; cellulose &gt; biochar versus cellulose &gt; biochar &gt; ash for air remediation. Adding modified wood residues to soil enhances the fertility and biological characteristics in addition to remediation. Moreover, spent wood-based adsorbents can be used in construction materials, soil fertilizers, and catalysts.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>This review summarizes classical and new physical and chemical methods for modifying wood adsorbents and the impacts on physiochemical characteristics such as porosity, pore volume, surface area, and surface functional groups. Also addressed are the adsorption capacity and efficiency of raw and modified wood adsorbents for removing contaminants from synthetic effluents, mine water, air, and soil. Valorization methods for spent modified wood-based adsorbents are then outlined. Suggestions and prospects are given for future studies on environmental decontamination by wood residues.</p>","PeriodicalId":48653,"journal":{"name":"Current Forestry Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contributions of Intraspecific Variation to Drought Tolerance in Trees","authors":"Antonio Gazol, Alex Fajardo, J. Julio Camarero","doi":"10.1007/s40725-023-00199-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00199-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>The capacity of woody plants to cope with climate change depends on their adjustments to changing environmental conditions by phenotypic plasticity or by genotypic changes (i.e., local adaptation). To determine whether intraspecific trait variation (ITV) translates into resistance or tolerance to drought and eventually how it relates to performance when facing drought, we reviewed the recent literature on the intraspecific variation in woody plant functional traits along aridity gradients.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>At the intraspecific level, functional traits vary along aridity gradients, but this variation depends on the considered trait and species. While ITV is ubiquitous and of relevant magnitude, its relationship with tree performance in the case of growth or survival is unclear and very idiosyncratic.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>ITV varies along aridity gradients and, for several traits, is of comparable magnitude as interspecific trait variation. However, the relationship between ITV and tree performance is not consistent among species. This makes the use of ITV challenging when quantifying its contribution to drought tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48653,"journal":{"name":"Current Forestry Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criteria for Assessing the Sustainability of Logging Operations—A Systematic Review","authors":"Julian Grünberg, Mohammad Reza Ghaffariyan, Meghdad Jourgholami, Eric R. Labelle, Nopparat Kaakkurivaara, Renato Cesar Gonçalves Robert, Martin Kühmaier","doi":"10.1007/s40725-023-00198-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00198-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>The comprehensive assessment of timber and fuelwood harvesting operations through the consideration of the three pillars of sustainability: Economic, social, and environmental has not received much attention. The use of criteria can significantly improve impact assessment. Therefore, the objective of this review paper is to compile and analyze the most commonly used criteria and indicators for each dimension of sustainability in logging operations over the last 6 years. This review provides an overview of these criteria for different harvesting machines, geographical areas, slope classes, time periods, types of research, and silvicultural treatments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>The environmental pillar was the most studied (46%), followed by the economic pillar (38%). Productivity was the most investigated criterion (15%). On the one hand, productivity is linked to the environmental and social pillars, as it is related to the level of greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and the employment rate. However, productivity is mainly used as a criterion of financial interest, as it is most often studied in combination with costs. In addition to productivity, the other most frequently examined criteria were costs (10%), soil nutrients (9.5%), and soil compaction (9%). The social dimension was the least studied pillar (16%). This may be due to a lack of knowledge of social sustainability issues in this area.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Sustainability is achieved when all three dimensions are balanced. The results of this review show an imbalance, with economic and environmental aspects being weighted more heavily than social aspects. Balancing all three dimensions typically requires an assessment of trade-offs. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the criteria that have been studied to date and can be used as a checklist and guideline for future sustainability assessments of harvesting operations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48653,"journal":{"name":"Current Forestry Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49697210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Meta-analysis of Soil Susceptibility to Machinery-Induced Compaction in Forest Ecosystems Across Global Climatic Zones","authors":"M. Nazari, Emmanuel Arthur, Mathieu Lamandé, Thomas Keller, Nataliya Bilyera, Samuel Bickel","doi":"10.1007/s40725-023-00197-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00197-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48653,"journal":{"name":"Current Forestry Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45479156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Developments and Trends in Sustainable and Functional Wood Coatings","authors":"V. Landry, G. Boivin, Diane Schorr, Marie Mottoul, A. Mary, Liza Abid, Maylis Carrère, B. Laratte","doi":"10.1007/s40725-023-00195-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00195-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48653,"journal":{"name":"Current Forestry Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44765639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Potential Innovation Pathways to Enhance Resilience in Wood-Based Value Chains","authors":"A. Hoeben, T. Stern, F. Lloret","doi":"10.1007/s40725-023-00191-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00191-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48653,"journal":{"name":"Current Forestry Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42338878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gremmeniella abietina: a Loser in the Warmer World or Still a Threat to Forestry?","authors":"C. Romeralo, L. Botella, O. Santamaría, J. Diez, G. Laflamme","doi":"10.1007/s40725-023-00193-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00193-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48653,"journal":{"name":"Current Forestry Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48039613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}