Structures最新文献_第4页

Forecasting of pressure coefficient for wind interference due to surrounding tall building on a tall rectangular building using CFD data trained machine learning models

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108705

Himanshoo Verma , Ranjan Sonparote

{"title":"Forecasting of pressure coefficient for wind interference due to surrounding tall building on a tall rectangular building using CFD data trained machine learning models","authors":"Himanshoo Verma , Ranjan Sonparote","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to investigate the interference effects of side tall buildings (Interfering Building) on a tall rectangular building (Primary Building). Various configurations involving an interfering building (IB) and a primary building (PB) are examined, with the IB being shifted in the x, y, and x-y directions. Pressure Coefficient (C<sub>P</sub>) and Mean Pressure Coefficients (C<sub>PMEAN</sub>) on the PB is calculated on the faces of PB to quantify the impact of IB locations. The results of CFD are used in training and testing of 6 Machine Learning (ML) models. In which Wide Neural Network (WNN) outputs are very similar to CFD output. The validation of WNN is done by the calculating the mean pressure coefficient on front face of PB for critical location of IB. Critical locations of IB are identified, emphasizing the importance of specific displacement scenarios on building faces. Additionally, C<sub>PMEAN</sub> analysis highlights the heightened sensitivity of certain faces to IB positioning. Notably, out of 6 models, WNN model predicted result is best fitted with the CFD result. The combination of CFD and ML models suggest the economical and efficient approach to predicted the pressure coefficient for any location of IB without wind tunnel test.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108705"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lateral deformation capacity of cantilever RC hollow columns using physics-based concrete confinement model

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108662

Devesh K. Jaiswal, C.V.R. Murty

{"title":"Lateral deformation capacity of cantilever RC hollow columns using physics-based concrete confinement model","authors":"Devesh K. Jaiswal, C.V.R. Murty","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lateral <em>strength</em> and lateral <em>deformability</em> of large-sized hollow RC columns (used in bridge piers), which depend on stress-strain (<span><math><mrow><mi>σ</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ε</mi></mrow></math></span>) characteristics of concrete, are dictated by the core concrete confined by transverse reinforcement; this is smaller in hollow sections with limited core concrete area. Also, the differential confinement in the two orthogonal plan directions in rectangular RC sections reduces the confinement, which is reflected in the confined <span><math><mrow><mi>σ</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ε</mi></mrow></math></span> curve of concrete. Here, the differential confinement in rectangular RC sections is captured using a <em>spring analogy</em> applied to the confining transverse-reinforcing steel in the two plan directions. The idealised lateral load-deformation curve of cantilever RC columns is estimated analytically, considering it to be a single degree of freedom system. The <em>lateral load P</em> – <em>lateral deformation</em> Δ curve obtained using the said confinement model is compared with those obtained using the commonly used <em>Mander et al.,</em> (1988) and <em>Razvi & Saatcioglu</em> (1999) confinement models. The <em>physics-based</em> confinement model provides practically realisable <em>deformability</em> and <em>ductility</em> in columns, in contrast to those from the <em>Mander et al.,</em> (1988) and <em>Razvi & Saatcioglu</em> (1999) models. Also, effects of <em>section size</em>, <em>concrete confinement, opening ratio,</em> and <em>axial load level</em> are studied in solid and hollow rectangular columns using the three confinement models. The study suggests that the opening size should be limited to less than 50 % of the outer dimension of the section, and the axial load level to 30 % of the confined axial strength of columns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Buckling design of externally pressurized spherical shells based on physics-informed artificial neural network

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108721

Fang Liu , Yuanyuan Cui , Shuo Weng , Linlin Zhai , Leijian Yu

引用次数: 0

Structural failure modeling and analysis of transmission tower foundation under tension using Abaqus batch connectors

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108738

Wang Zhu, Qiang Xie

{"title":"Structural failure modeling and analysis of transmission tower foundation under tension using Abaqus batch connectors","authors":"Wang Zhu, Qiang Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of transmission tower foundations (TTFs) in mountains areas sustained damage and exhibited similar fracture patterns, which hasn’t been reported in literature. To study the crack propagation, this paper proposes a simulation approach for anchor-concrete (A-C) systems by using Abaqus batch connectors to model the A-C interaction. This approach is first validated by a tensile experiment on a single anchor-concrete system, then used to develop a scaled TTF model for finding the failure mechanism. A tensile experiment on the scaled TTF model was conducted to verify the damage distribution of the simulation model. The influence of concrete grades, bond strength and anchoring depth is investigated. Finally, the retrofitting measures are proposed to enhance the TTF performance. The results indicate that the developed TTF model can accurately forecast the type and number of cracks in the actual structure. The TTF cracks are caused by concrete pull-out failure and high-damage section regions induced by the A-C interaction. Improving concrete grade enhances the A-C interaction and aggravates the concrete damage at the softening stage, highlighting the measures to prevent concrete from entering the softening stage. Enhancing bond strength and increasing anchoring depth will help the load transfer from anchors to concrete, which can make full use of the bearing effects of concrete, thereby beneficial to increasing system’s capacity. Horizontal grids have a little effect on impeding damage development, however, large-diameter vertical bars near the anchors demonstrate significant efficacy on inhibiting the crack propagation, thus their use is advised to enhance the TTF overall performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Field experiment and numerical simulation of the dynamic responses of rigid pipes in soft soil foundations under traffic loading

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108739

Jun Wang , Hao Ying , Hong-tao Fu , Lai-fu Song , Jun-feng Ni , Zi-yang Gao

{"title":"Field experiment and numerical simulation of the dynamic responses of rigid pipes in soft soil foundations under traffic loading","authors":"Jun Wang , Hao Ying , Hong-tao Fu , Lai-fu Song , Jun-feng Ni , Zi-yang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traffic load is one of the main factors affecting problems such as cracking, warping deformation, and subsidence of buried pipelines in soft soil. Therefore, the study of the dynamic responses of buried pipelines in soft soil under traffic loading is important. Through field experiments, the propagation of soil pressure in soft soil under traffic loading and the dynamic responses of pipelines were studied. Combined with Abaqus software, a traffic load DLOAD subroutine was developed, and a 3D finite element model of the integrated rigid pipe–soft soil system under traffic loading was established to accurately simulate the dynamic response characteristics. Based on the numerical model, the influences of various factors were explored. The research results revealed that (1) under the combined effect of axial stress at the bottom of the pipe and the Poisson effect of the internal pressure, the maximum axial stress at the bottom centre of the pipe was the highest. (2) Under the long-term action of a vehicle load, the impact on the dynamic response of the pipeline increased. (3) When the burial depth of the pipeline was between 2 and 3 m, the pipe diameter was between 200 and 700 mm under shallow burial conditions, and the speed and load had to be controlled to avoid driving under overload conditions, ensuring safe operation of the pipelines in the research area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108739"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An optimization-based method for reshaping tensegrity structures towards target configurations

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108733

Yongcan Dong , Xingfei Yuan , Shu Li , Yafeng Wang , Akram Samy , Shilin Dong

{"title":"An optimization-based method for reshaping tensegrity structures towards target configurations","authors":"Yongcan Dong , Xingfei Yuan , Shu Li , Yafeng Wang , Akram Samy , Shilin Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a general method for reshaping tensegrity structures, aimed at exploring the latent equilibrated configurations that are as close as possible to the target configurations. The procedure is divided into two stages: First, an effective computational framework for reshaping tensegrities is formulated as a constrained nonlinear programming model, which simultaneously incorporates force densities and nodal coordinates as design variables while using the positional deviation from the target configuration as the objective function. Second, for the resulting configurations, a stability-based post-processing module is developed to ensure that only stable configurations are retained. Within this module, prestress optimizations are performed using a semi-definite programming model that accounts for stability conditions. Four illustrative examples, including both self-stressed and non-self-stressed tensegrity structures, are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in different application scenarios. Results show that the proposed method can readily identify satisfactory solutions aligning well with customized design requirements across various scenarios, suggesting its superior versatility and practicality. This study offers valuable insights into addressing the shape control-dominated form-finding problem and shows potential for application not only to tensegrity structures but also to other prestressed pin-jointed systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108733"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigations into the structural performance of aluminium alloy T-stub connections under elevated temperatures

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108669

Jianjie Sun , Yesheng Han , Zhongxing Wang , Qinghua Han

{"title":"Experimental investigations into the structural performance of aluminium alloy T-stub connections under elevated temperatures","authors":"Jianjie Sun , Yesheng Han , Zhongxing Wang , Qinghua Han","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aiming to investigate the mechanical performance of aluminium alloy T-stubs connected by the swage-locking pin (SLP) under elevated temperatures, a total of fifteen tensile tests were conducted in the present study, considering different temperatures (20–500 ℃), flange thickness (8–11 mm), pin-to-web distances (40–60 mm), and fastener types (SLP vs. bolt). The mechanical properties and failure modes of all the specimens were obtained and discussed. Following this, the applicability of current design methods for aluminium alloy T-stubs was comprehensively evaluated. Mode 1 failure was observed in all the specimens in the present study, characterized by flange fracture with four hardening plastic hinges. The test results revealed that elevated temperatures significantly reduced the initial stiffness and ultimate resistance of aluminium alloy T-stubs but enhanced the deformation capacity. Thicker flange thickness (increased from 8 to 11 mm) improved the ultimate resistances by approximately 60 %, while increasing pin-to-web distance (from 40 to 60 mm) reduced the initial stiffness (approximately 57 %) and resistances (approximately 35 %). T-stubs connected by SLP exhibited superior structural performance compared to those connected by bolts, attributed to higher preload and constraint effects. Moreover, conservative predictions were provided by current design codes (GB 50429–2007 and EN 1999–1–1:2007) for load-carrying capacity of aluminium alloy T-stubs due to the neglection of temperature effects on the formation of hardening plastic hinges and yield lines. The test results provide a fundamental database and important guidance for developing accurate design methods for aluminium alloy T-stubs in fire-prone environments in future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108669"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An experimental-numerical study of tensile behavior of reinforced-UHPC members subject to uniaxial tension

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108626

Teng Tong , Xiaobo Li , Tao Wang , Zhao Liu

{"title":"An experimental-numerical study of tensile behavior of reinforced-UHPC members subject to uniaxial tension","authors":"Teng Tong , Xiaobo Li , Tao Wang , Zhao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cracking behavior, including cracking spacing and width, of a reinforced-UHPC (R-UHPC) member is critical to quantitatively evaluate its damage and durability capacity. In this study, totally twenty specimens were loaded to experimentally probe tensile behaviors of R-UHPC specimens, considering the variation of fiber contents and reinforcement ratios. With a given reinforcement ratio, higher fiber content (fracture energy of UHPC) would lead to sparse distribution of main cracks and rapid post-peak strength degradation. Therewith, deliberate selection of reinforcement ratio, tensile strength and fracture energy of UHPC was required to guarantee a R-UHPC specimen’s strength and ductility. On the other aspect, a novel numerical simulation framework is proposed, which integrates concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model for UHPC matrix and user-coded zero-thickness cohesive element for bond behavior between UHPC and rebars. The tensile stress-displacement relation is defined in the CDP model to alleviate mesh sensitivity problem. It proves that numerical results precisely reflect the effects of steel fiber content and reinforcement ratio on a R-UHPC specimen’s tensile strength and ductility, as well as its cracking spacing and width.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental testing of full-scale retrofitted metal deck system under wind uplift

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108722

Yasser Darwish , Mohamed ElGawady , James Kirby , Jennifer Keegan

{"title":"Experimental testing of full-scale retrofitted metal deck system under wind uplift","authors":"Yasser Darwish , Mohamed ElGawady , James Kirby , Jennifer Keegan","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite its longevity, a metal roof will require reroofing or retrofitting when it displays a functional deficiency or reaches the end of its service life. Retrofitting using a thermoplastic olefin (TPO) membrane installed over the existing metal roof is a common solution due to its durability, lightweight, and ease of installation. During its service life, the retrofitting TPO will be subjected to high-speed wind events. This manuscript presents experimental testing of three 10 ft. x 20 ft. (3 m x 6 m) metal roofs retrofitted using TPO membranes. The main parameter that was investigated is the spacing and pattern of the fasteners used to fix the membranes to their metal roofs. Three transverse spacing of 1 ft. (0.3 m), 2 ft. (0.6 m), and 3 ft. (0.9 m) staggered were used between the fasteners; two roofs had regular spacing between the fasteners while the third one had a staggered pattern. The roofs were subjected to uniform wind uplift pressure until failure occurred. The failure mode in all three retrofitted roofs was TPO membrane rupture at the fastener barbed plates. No fastener failure was observed in any roof. Therefore, the ultimate pressure of the roofs was not proportional to the tributary areas of the fasteners. The three roofs failed at ultimate pressures of 1.12 psi (7.7 kPa), 0.81 psi (5.6 kPa), and 0.41 psi (2.9 kPa) for fastener spacing of 1 ft. (0.3 m), 2 ft. (0.6 m), and 3 ft. (0.9 m) staggered respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108722"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural health monitoring using urban surveillance cameras: Self-calibrated computer vision for enhanced displacement measurement

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108714

Xiyu Wei , Cuiyun Wang , Xiuli Wang , Yongfeng Du

{"title":"Structural health monitoring using urban surveillance cameras: Self-calibrated computer vision for enhanced displacement measurement","authors":"Xiyu Wei , Cuiyun Wang , Xiuli Wang , Yongfeng Du","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Measurement of displacement in computer vision is receiving much attention in structural health monitoring. Advances in neural networks and technology have enabled low-cost devices, such as smartphones and urban surveillance cameras, to become effective monitoring tools. These devices provide extensive data that supports rapid structural assessments after earthquakes. However, challenges such as camera distortion, arbitrary angles, and baseline drift can introduce errors in displacement tracking. This paper presents three solutions to address these issues: First, a self-calibration algorithm that corrects camera distortion without needing a calibration plate or known camera parameters. Second, a method for creating a front-view point map without a direct front view, which aids in computing the homography matrix to align the motion plane parallel to the camera plane. Third, a thresholding technique to reject outliers and a polynomial fitting method to mitigate baseline drift during data processing. The proposed method was validated using measured data from dynamic tests conducted on a truss structure and a four-story concrete frame structure. The results showed that this method reduced errors and improved the accuracy of peak displacement fitting. Consequently, it enables the effective use of images from urban surveillance cameras for structural health monitoring and supports rapid post-earthquake assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0