Advances in Climate Change Research最新文献

{"title":"Application of a concrete thermal pile in cooling the warming permafrost under climate change","authors":"Yun-Hu Shang ,&nbsp;Fu-Jun Niu ,&nbsp;Guo-Yu Li ,&nbsp;Jian-Hong Fang ,&nbsp;Ze-Yong Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Permafrost degradation caused by climate warming is posing a serious threat to the stability of cast-in-place pile foundations in warm permafrost regions. Ambient cold energy can be effectively utilized by two-phase closed thermosyphons (TPCTs) to cool the permafrost. Therefore, we installed TPCTs in a cast-in-place pile foundation to create a unique structure called a thermal pile, which effectively utilizes the TPCTs to regulate ground temperature. And we conducted a case study and numerical simulation to exhibit the cooling performance, and optimize the structure of the thermal pile. The purpose of this study is to promote the application of thermal piles in unstable permafrost regions. Based on the findings, the thermal pile operated for approximately 53% of the entire year and effectively reduced the deep ground temperature at a rate of at least −0.1 °C per year. Additionally, it successfully raised the permafrost table that is 0.35 m shallower than the natural ground level. These characteristics prove highly beneficial in mitigating the adverse effects of permafrost degradation and enhancing infrastructure safety. Expanding the length of the condenser section and the diameter of the TPCT in a suitable manner can effectively enhance the cooling capability of the thermal pile and ensure the long-term mechanical stability of the pile foundation even under climate warming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 170-183"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927823001120/pdfft?md5=017e517f4eb9a45990323009371c157d&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927823001120-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135387589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of daily precipitation series and the observational characteristics of extreme precipitation in Tianjin, China during 1888–2022","authors":"Peng Si ,&nbsp;Qing-Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Xiao-Yang Chen ,&nbsp;Min Wang ,&nbsp;Chuan-Jun Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given the difficulties in rescuing and ensuring the quality of long-term climate data, current studies on century-scale climate change are usually limited to annual and monthly data, resulting in the poor detection of extreme climate events and their changes before 1950. In this study, we reconstructed a daily precipitation series for Tianjin from 15 September 1887 to 31 December 2022 on the basis of the most comprehensive daily precipitation records collected from the Tianjin Meteorological Archive, China, and in reference to the precipitation analysis results based on the datasets developed by the Climatic Research Unit Time-Series version 4.06, Global Precipitation Climatology Centre and University of Delaware along with the application of various homogenisation methods for climate series. Our approach provides a complete and reliable century-long daily precipitation series for the study of regional or local extreme weather and climate events. The reconstructed daily dataset reveals that the annual precipitation amount and R95 intensity in Tianjin during 1888–2022 lack significant trends and have values of 0.74 ± 6.99 and −1.84 ± 3.22 mm per decade, respectively. On the annual and seasonal scales, the precipitation amount and R95 intensity, particularly those in autumn, have increased since the latter half of the 20th century relative to those in 1888–1950. However, the increase in precipitation amount and R95 intensity is relatively limited compared with that in atmospheric water vapour content due to surface warming, indicating the highly sensitive response of extreme precipitation events to warming. In addition, the estimates for the return periods of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 years covering 1888–2022, 1888–1950 and 1951–2022 depict that the intensity of heavy rain and above magnitude was highest in 1888–1950 and decreased in 1951–2022.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 52-61"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000273/pdfft?md5=9b0e76d4a7f9822774bf4b2da8bdb1e9&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000273-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139825301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution of supra-permafrost groundwater in the Qinghai‒Tibet Engineering Corridor using inversion models","authors":"Yu Gao ,&nbsp;Ming-Tang Chai ,&nbsp;Wei Ma ,&nbsp;Yu-Tao Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Supra-permafrost groundwater (SPG) is a key factor that causes damage to highways and railways in the Qinghai‒Tibet Engineering Corridor (QTEC). It is difficult to monitor SPG in the field due to their complex formation mechanisms and movement characteristics. Traditional single-site field monitoring studies limit the spatial and temporal precision of SPG spatial distribution. To determine the moisture content of shallow soils and the SPG distribution along the QTEC, this work employed the temperature vegetation dryness index and remote sensing models for groundwater table distribution models. The accuracies of the models were validated using measurements obtained from different sites in the corridor. In the permafrost zones of the QTEC, 72%, 22% and 6% of the SPG were located at depths of 0.5–1, &lt;0.5 and &gt;1 m, respectively. Meanwhile, 79.4% of the area along the Qinghai‒Tibet Highway (QTH) (Xidatan‒Tanggula) section contained SPG. In these sections with SPG, 37.9% have an SPG table at depths of 0.5–0.8 m. This study preliminarily explored the SPG distribution in the QTEC with a 30 m resolution. The findings can help improve the spatial scale of SPG research, provide a basis for the analysis of the hydrothermal mechanisms, and serve as a guide in the assessment of operational risks and road structure designs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 31-41"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927823001570/pdfft?md5=f23b807de498d1f02ea0bb1902b1322a&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927823001570-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139022157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the thermal environment of urban land surfaces in Yakutsk, a city located in a region of continuous permafrost","authors":"Xiang-Long Li ,&nbsp;Ze Zhang ,&nbsp;Jin-Xin Lu ,&nbsp;Anatoli Brouchkov ,&nbsp;Qing-Kai Yan ,&nbsp;Qi-Hao Yu ,&nbsp;Sheng-Rong Zhang ,&nbsp;Andrey Melnikov","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rapid urbanization has led to changes in the urban land surface thermal environment. However, there are still much unknown about the urban land surface thermal conditions in permafrost regions. Permafrost is a unique geological environment, changes in the urban land surface thermal environment may trigger geological disasters caused by permafrost degradation. This study utilized remote sensing data and geographic detectors to identify the dynamic changes in land surface temperature (LST) and land use/land cover (LU/LC) in Yakutsk, as well as the potential factors contributing to LST variations. Between 1992 and 2020, the built-up area in Yakutsk increased by 36%, and the annual average LST in Yakutsk has risen by 6.67 °C, accompanied by an expansion of high-temperature areas. Despite ongoing greening efforts, rapid urbanization poses a threat to these green spaces. Changes in the normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) and land use transfer (LDT) were identified as the primary drivers of urban LST changes. By integrating geographic detector technology and artificial neural network models, we optimized the selection of input factors in the prediction model and used it to explore the future changes in LST in Yakutsk. The average LST in Yakutsk is expected to reach 23.4 °C and 25.1 °C in 2030 and 2040, respectively, with a further increase in high-temperature areas. This study provides a reference for ecological, hydrological, and geological assessments of cities in permafrost regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 113-123"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000029/pdfft?md5=a20b9096cd74edb5440564c4d4eac8c2&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000029-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139457168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Winter extreme precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau influenced by Arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale","authors":"Qing-Quan Li ,&nbsp;Miao Bi ,&nbsp;Song Yang ,&nbsp;Qing-Yuan Wu ,&nbsp;Yi-Hui Ding ,&nbsp;Xin-Yong Shen ,&nbsp;Xiao-Ting Sun ,&nbsp;Meng-Chu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Tibetan Plateau (TP) and the Arctic are the most sensitive regions to global climate change. However, the interdecadal varibility of winter extreme precipitation over the TP and its linkage with Arctic sea ice are still unclear. In this study, the characteristics and mechisnems of the TP extreme precipitation (TPEP) influenced by Arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale are studied based on the daily precipitation, monthly sea ice concentration and ERA5 reanalysis data from 1980 to 2018. We found that the dominant mode of the TPEP in winter mostly exhibits a uniform spatial variation on the interdecadal timescale, with an opposite weak variation in the southeastern TP, and the Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) before 2002 are larger than that after 2003. The interdecadal variation of TPEP is affected by two teleconnection wave trains regulated by the Barents and Kara Sea ice. In the light ice years, a remarkable positive geopotential height (HGT) anomaly appears over the Barents‒Kara Sea and a remarkable negative HGT anomaly is located over the Lake Baikal. Two wave trains originating over the Barents‒Kara Sea can be observed. The southern branch forms a wave train through the North Atlantic along the subtropical westerly jet stream, showing a ‘+ − + − +’ pattern of HGT anomalies from Arctic to the TP. Negative HGT anomaly controls the western TP, which creates dynamic and water vapor conditions for the TPEP. The northern branch forms a wave train through the Lake Baikal and the southeast of the TP, showing a ‘+ − +’ HGT anomaly distribution. Positive HGT anomaly controls the southeastern TP, which is not conducive to precipitation in the region. When the SIC in the Barents‒Kara Sea increases, the situation is opposite. The above analysis also reveals the reason for the difference in the east‒west distribution of the TPEP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 42-51"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000066/pdfft?md5=3b16519f3fbfa097bdb8e693e4f1ace6&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000066-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139635910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compound extreme inundation risk of coastal wetlands caused by climate change and anthropogenic activities in the Yellow River Delta, China","authors":"Xiao-Li Wang ,&nbsp;Ai-Qing Feng ,&nbsp;Xi-Yong Hou ,&nbsp;Qing-Chen Chao ,&nbsp;Bai-Yuan Song ,&nbsp;Yu-Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Qi-Guang Wang ,&nbsp;He Xu ,&nbsp;Yu-Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Dong Li ,&nbsp;Li-Jie Dong ,&nbsp;Yu Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The coastal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta (YRD) in China are crucial for their valuable resources, environmental significance, and economic contributions. However, these wetlands are also vulnerable to the dual threats of climate change and human disturbances. Despite substantial attention to the historical shifts in YRD's coastal wetlands, uncertainties remain regarding their future trajectory in the face of compound risks from climate change and anthropogenic activities. Based on a range of remote sensing data sources, this study undertakes a comprehensive investigation into the evolution of YRD's coastal wetlands between 2000 and 2020. Subsequently, the potential fate of coastal wetlands is thoroughly analyzed through the Land Use/Cover Change (LUCC) simulation using System Dynamic-Future Land Use Simulation (SD-FLUS) model and the extreme water levels projection integrated future sea-level rise, storm surge, and astronomical high tide in 2030, 2050, and 2100 under scenarios of SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5. Results revealed that YRD's coastal wetlands underwent a marked reduction, shrinking by 1688.72 km² from 2000 to 2020. This decline was mostly attributed to the substantial expansion in the areas of artificial wetlands (increasing by 823.78 km²), construction land (increasing by 767.71 km²), and shallow water (increasing by 274.58 km²). Looking ahead to 2030–2100, the fate of coastal wetlands appears to diverge based on different scenarios. Under the SSP1-2.6 scenario, the area of coastal wetland is projected to experience considerable growth. In contrast, the SSP5-8.5 scenario anticipates a notable decrease in coastal wetlands. Relative to the inundated area suffered from the current extreme water levels, the study projects a decrease of 6.8%–10.6% in submerged coastal wetlands by 2030 and 9.4%–18.2% by 2050 across all scenarios. In 2100, these percentages are projected to decrease by 0.4 % (SSP2-4.5) and 27.1% (SSP5-8.5), but increase by 35.7% (SSP1-2.6). Results suggest that coastal wetlands in the YRD will face a serious compound risk from climate change and intensified human activities in the future, with climate change being the dominant factor. More efficient and forward-looking measures must be implemented to prioritize the conservation and management of coastal wetland ecosystems to address the challenges, especially those posed by climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 134-147"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000200/pdfft?md5=7860a6dbb5a794ac556f742555bc93df&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000200-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139812075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Streamflow abrupt change and the driving factors in glacierized basins of Tarim Basin, Northwest China","authors":"Cheng-De Yang ,&nbsp;Min Xu ,&nbsp;Shi-Chang Kang ,&nbsp;Cong-Sheng Fu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Di-Di Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A climate transition towards warm–wet conditions in Northwest China has drawn much attention. With continuous climate change and universal glacier degradation, increasing water-related hazards and vulnerability have become one of the important problems facing the Tarim Basin. However, the impacts of the climate transition on streamflow abrupt change and extreme hydrological events were less discussed, especially in glacial basins. In the present study, the discharge datasets in four glacial basins of Tarim Basin from 1979 to 2018 were constructed using the GRU-GSWAT+ model first. The differences in streamflow characteristics, the shift of hydrological extreme pattern, and potential changes of the controlling factors before and after the abrupt changes were investigated. The results indicated that the abrupt change point (ACP) in streamflow occurred in 2000 in the Qarqan River Basin, 2002 in the Weigan River Basin, and 1994 in the Aksu River Basin and the Yarkant River Basin. A general decrease in streamflow before the ACP has shifted to a notable upward trend in the Qarqan River Basin and the Aksu River Basin, while minor upward fluctuations were observed in other basins. Moreover, the hydrological characteristics in extreme events vary dramatically before and after the ACPs, characterized by a pronouncing shift from drought-dominant pattern to wet events dominated pattern. The driven climate factors have been altered after the ACPs with notable spatial heterogeneity, in which temperature remained as the dominant role in meltwater-dominated basins while the influence of precipitation has increased after the ACPs, whereas the sensitivity of temperature on streamflow change has been enhanced in basins dominated by precipitation such as the Qarqan River Basin. Owing to the evident warming–wetting trend and glacier compensation effect, both the inter-annual and intra-annual streamflow fluctuations can be efficiently smoothed in basins with a high glacier area ratio (GAR). These findings provide a further understanding of the abrupt change in streamflow under the exacerbated climate and glacier change in mountainous arid regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 75-89"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000194/pdfft?md5=88e93735840572563a031ddf34cc4148&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000194-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139887574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate warming is likely to weaken the performance of two-phase closed thermosyphon on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau","authors":"Guan-Li Jiang ,&nbsp;Zi-Teng Fu ,&nbsp;Xin-Yu Men ,&nbsp;Hong-Ting Zhao ,&nbsp;Si-Ru Gao ,&nbsp;Yong-Zhi Liu ,&nbsp;Qing-Bai Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the years, numerous geotechnical approaches have been implemented to mitigate the adverse effects of climate warming on various infrastructures in the permafrost region of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP), such as the Qinghai–Tibet Highway and Railway, and achieved the expected engineering outcomes. However, little attention has been given to whether the performance of these geotechnical approaches has changed during the ongoing process of climate warming. To investigate the performance variation of one of these geotechnical approaches, which is two-phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT), during sustained climate warming, we conducted a statistical analysis of soil temperature monitoring data in 2003–2020 from eight regular embankments and six TPCT embankments in our permafrost monitoring network. The results indicate that TPCT undeniably has a cooling effect on the permafrost beneath embankments, even rapidly eliminated previously formed taliks beneath embankment. However, further analysis reveals that the performance of TPCT has been weakening during sustained climate warming, which has confirmed by the re-forming of the taliks beneath embankment where they had been previously eliminated. Based on the current understanding, we attributed the weakening of thermosyphon performance to a significant reduction in the air temperature freezing index caused by ongoing climate warming. Through this study, we aimed to draw attention to the evolving performance of geotechnical approaches in permafrost regions amid climate warming, prompting necessary engineering innovations to address this situation and ensure the sustainable development of the permafrost region on the QTP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 90-100"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000017/pdfft?md5=7376cc11a8bb5398904780e980e3d63d&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000017-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amplification effect of intra-seasonal variability of soil moisture on heat extremes over Eurasia","authors":"Yi-Nuo Wang ,&nbsp;Zhi-Yan Zuo ,&nbsp;Liang Qiao ,&nbsp;Kai-Wen Zhang ,&nbsp;Mei-Yu Chang ,&nbsp;Dong Xiao ,&nbsp;Zou-Xing Lin ,&nbsp;Huan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2024.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drying soil has been conducive to a high frequency of extreme high-temperature events over many regions worldwide in recent decades. However, changes in the intraseasonal variability of soil moisture can also influence the likelihood of extremely high temperatures. Although previous investigators have examined the association between extremely high temperatures and large-scale atmospheric circulation variability, the role of land–atmosphere coupling dominated by soil moisture variability in extremely high temperatures, particularly over the Eurasian continent, is not well understood. In this study, on the basis of the Land Surface, Snow, and Soil Moisture Model Intercomparison Project, we found that land–atmosphere feedback amplified the variability of soil moisture in most regions of Eurasia during summer from 1980 to 2014. This amplification of soil moisture variability is closely correlated with more intensive intraseasonal variability of surface air temperature and more frequent occurrences of extreme high-temperature events, particularly in Europe, Siberia, Northeast Asia, and the Indochina Peninsula. This correlation implies that increasing the intraseasonal variability of soil moisture results in a high likelihood of heat extremes during summer in most parts of Eurasia except Asian desert areas. On the intraseasonal timescale, the land–atmosphere coupling increases the variability of surface sensible heat flux and net long-wave radiation heating the atmosphere by intensifying the soil moisture variability, thus amplifying the variability of surface air temperature and enhancing the extreme high-temperature days. This finding demonstrates the importance of changes in intraseasonal soil moisture variability for the increasing likelihood of heat extremes in summer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927824000182/pdfft?md5=a2fa3c17e20e59a24903c4d3fd8d3911&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927824000182-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139812763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal stability of permafrost under U-shaped crushed rock embankment of the Qinghai‒Tibet Railway","authors":"Kun-Ming Xu ,&nbsp;Guan-Li Jiang ,&nbsp;Ji Chen ,&nbsp;Qing-Bai Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.accre.2023.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.accre.2023.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The U-shaped crushed rock embankment (UCRE), of which widely utilized in the permafrost regions along the Qinghai‒Tibet Railway, has the capability to rapidly reduce the ground temperature of the underlying permafrost. However, there remains uncertainty regarding the adaptation of UCRE to climate change and its long-term cooling trend. This study focuses on nine UCRE monitoring sites along the Qinghai‒Tibet Railway to analyze the dynamic variations of the ground temperature underlying permafrost from 2006 to 2020. The efficiency of UCRE in stabilizing permafrost temperature in different permafrost zones is evaluated by considering the permafrost table, ground temperature, and MAGT, as well as the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the crushed rock layer and the ground temperature variation index (GTVI). The results show that UCRE is suitable for application in extremely unstable warm permafrost regions where the MAGT is higher than −0.5 °C. Moreover, UCRE effectively diminishes the disparity in permafrost thermal stability between the sunny and shaded shoulders of the embankment. The short-term and long-term effect of cooling permafrost is experiencing a change related with permafrost stability. Notably, in stable cold permafrost regions with MAGT lower than −1.5 °C, the long-term cooling effect of UCRE on permafrost seems to gradually diminishes, but UCRE continues to fulfill the role of stabilizing the underlying permafrost thermal state over the long-term. These results show that UCRE can quickly restore and stabilize the thermal state of permafrost in the early stages of construction, and adapt to the influence of future climate change. The findings provide important guidance for understanding the variations of permafrost thermal stability beneath the embankment in permafrost regions, as well as for improving the embankment stability and operational safety of the Qinghai‒Tibet Railway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48628,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Climate Change Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 158-169"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927823001594/pdfft?md5=c3184a3c1b1f04bb9a590865f478eaca&pid=1-s2.0-S1674927823001594-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139393543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}