Geohealth最新文献

{"title":"Methodological Approaches for Measuring the Association Between Heat Exposure and Health Outcomes: A Comprehensive Global Scoping Review","authors":"Peter M. Graffy,&nbsp;Ashwin Sunderraj,&nbsp;Maxime A. Visa,&nbsp;Corinne H. Miller,&nbsp;Benjamin W. Barrett,&nbsp;Sheetal Rao,&nbsp;Sara F. Camilleri,&nbsp;Ryan D. Harp,&nbsp;Chuxuan Li,&nbsp;Anne Brenneman,&nbsp;Jennifer Chan,&nbsp;Abel Kho,&nbsp;Norrina Allen,&nbsp;Daniel E. Horton","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GH001071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Objective: To synthesize the methodologies of studies that evaluate the impacts of heat exposure on morbidity and mortality. Methods: Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from date of inception until 1 March 2023 for English language literature on heat exposure and health outcomes. Records were collated, deduplicated and screened, and full texts were reviewed for inclusion and data abstraction. Eligibility for inclusion was determined as any article with climate-related heat exposure and an associated morbidity/mortality outcome. Results: Of 13,136 records initially identified, 237 articles were selected for analysis. The scope of research represented 43 countries, with most studies conducted in China (62), the USA (44), and Australia (16). Across all studies, there were 141 unique climate data sources, no standard threshold for extreme heat, and 200 unique health outcome data sources. The distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was the most common analytic method (48.1% of studies) and had high usage rates in China (68.9%) and the USA (31.8%); Australia frequently used conditional logistic regression (50%). Conditional logistic regression was most prevalent in case-control studies (5 of 8 studies, 62.5%) and in case-crossover studies (29 of 70, 41.4%). DLNMs were most common in time series studies (64 of 111, 57.7%) and ecological studies (13 of 20, 65.0%). Conclusions: This review underscores the heterogeneity of methods in heat impact studies across diverse settings and provides a resource for future researchers. Underrepresentation of certain countries, health outcomes, and limited data access were identified as potential barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GH001071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Facility-Level Patterns of Summer Heat Exposure, Vulnerability, and Risk in United States Prison Landscapes","authors":"Ufuoma Ovienmhada,&nbsp;Mia Hines-Shanks,&nbsp;Michael Krisch,&nbsp;Ahmed T. Diongue,&nbsp;Brent Minchew,&nbsp;Danielle R. Wood","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GH001108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heat is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. People who are incarcerated are especially vulnerable to heat exposure due to demographic characteristics and their conditions of confinement. Evaluating heat exposure in prisons, and the characteristics of exposed populations and prisons, can elucidate prison-level risk to heat exposure. We leveraged a high-resolution air temperature data set to evaluate short and long-term patterns of heat metrics for 1,614 prisons in the United States from 1990 to 2023. We found that the most heat-exposed facilities and states were mostly in the Southwestern United States, while the prisons with the highest temperature anomalies from the historical record were in the Pacific Northwest, the Northeast, Texas, and parts of the Midwest. Prisons in the Pacific Northwest, the Northeast, and upper Midwest had the highest occurrences of days associated with an increased risk of heat-related mortality. We also estimated differences in heat exposure at prisons by facility and individual-level characteristics. We found higher proportions of non-white and Hispanic populations in the prisons with higher heat exposure. Lastly, we found that heat exposure was higher in prisons with any of nine facility-level characteristics that may modify risk to heat. This study brings together distinct measures of exposure, vulnerability, and risk, which would each inform unique strategies for heat-interventions. Community leaders and policymakers should carefully consider which measures they want to apply, and include the voices of directly impacted people, as the differing metrics and perspectives will have implications for who is included in fights for environmental justice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GH001108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Results From a Calibrated Network of Low-Cost PM2.5 Monitors in Mombasa, Kenya Show Exceedance of Healthy Guidelines","authors":"M. N. Njeru,&nbsp;E. Mwangi,&nbsp;M. J. Gatari,&nbsp;M. I. Kaniu,&nbsp;J. Kanyeria,&nbsp;G. Raheja,&nbsp;D. M. Westervelt","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GH001049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paucity of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) measurements limits estimates of air pollution mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. Well calibrated low-cost sensors can provide reliable data especially where reference monitors are unavailable. We evaluate the performance of Clarity Node-S PM monitors against a Tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) 1400a and develop a calibration model in Mombasa, Kenya's second largest city. As-reported Clarity Node-S data from January 2023 through April 2023 was moderately correlated with the TEOM-1400a measurements (<i>R</i>² = 0.61) and exhibited a mean absolute error (MAE) of 7.03 μg m⁻³. Employing three calibration models, namely, multiple linear regression (MLR), Gaussian mixture regression and random forest (RF) decreased the MAE to 4.28, 3.93, and 4.40 μg m⁻³ respectively. The <i>R</i>² value improved to 0.63 for the MLR model but all other models registered a decrease (<i>R</i>² = 0.44 and 0.60 respectively). Applying the correction factor to a five-sensor network in Mombasa that was operated between July 2021 and July 2022 gave insights to the air quality in the city. The average daily concentrations of PM_2.5 within the city ranged from 12 to 18 μg m⁻³. The concentrations exceeded the WHO daily PM_2.5 limits more than 50% of the time, in particular at the sites nearby frequent industrial activity. Higher averages were observed during the dry and cold seasons and during early morning and evening periods of high activity. These results represent some of the first air quality monitoring measurements in Mombasa and highlight the need for more study.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GH001049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Warehouse Expansion on Ambient PM2.5 and Elemental Carbon Levels in Southern California's Disadvantaged Communities: A Two-Decade Analysis","authors":"Binyu Yang,&nbsp;Qingyang Zhu,&nbsp;Wenhao Wang,&nbsp;Qiao Zhu,&nbsp;Danlu Zhang,&nbsp;Zhihao Jin,&nbsp;Prachi Prasad,&nbsp;Mohammad Sowlat,&nbsp;Payam Pakbin,&nbsp;Faraz Ahangar,&nbsp;Sina Hasheminassab,&nbsp;Yang Liu","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GH001091","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past two decades, the surge in warehouse construction near seaports and in economically lower-cost land areas has intensified product transportation and e-commerce activities, particularly affecting air quality and health in nearby socially disadvantaged communities. This study, spanning from 2000 to 2019 in Southern California, investigated the relationship between ambient concentrations of PM_2.5 and elemental carbon (EC) and the proliferation of warehouses. Utilizing satellite-driven estimates of annual mean ambient pollution levels at the ZIP code level and linear mixed effect models, positive associations were found between warehouse characteristics such as rentable building area (RBA), number of loading docks (LD), and parking spaces (PS), and increases in PM_2.5 and EC concentrations. After adjusting for demographic covariates, an Interquartile Range increase of the RBA, LD, and PS were associated with a 0.16 μg/m³ (95% CI = [0.13, 0.19], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), 0.10 μg/m³ (95% CI = [0.08, 0.12], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and 0.21 μg/m³ (95% CI = [0.18, 0.24], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) increase in PM_2.5, respectively. For EC concentrations, an IQR increase of RBA, LD, and PS were each associated with a 0.021 μg/m³ (95% CI = [0.019, 0.024], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), 0.014 μg/m³ (95% CI = [0.012, 0.015], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and 0.021 μg/m³ (95% CI = [0.019, 0.024], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) increase. The study also highlighted that disadvantaged populations, including racial/ethnic minorities, individuals with lower education levels, and lower-income earners, were disproportionately affected by higher pollution levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GH001091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Machine Learning for Exploring the Variability in Low Height-For-Age From Socioeconomic, Agroecological, and Climate Features in the Northern Province of Rwanda","authors":"Gilbert Nduwayezu,&nbsp;Clarisse Kagoyire,&nbsp;Pengxiang Zhao,&nbsp;Lina Eklund,&nbsp;Petter Pilesjo,&nbsp;Jean Pierre Bizimana,&nbsp;Ali Mansourian","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001027","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GH001027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Childhood stunting is a serious public health concern in Rwanda. Although stunting causes have been documented, we still lack a more in-depth understanding of their local factors at a more detailed geographic level. We cross-sectionally examined 615 height-for-age prevalence observations in the Northern Province of Rwanda, linked with their related covariates, to explore the spatial heterogeneity in the low height-for-age prevalence by fitting linear and non-linear spatial regression models and explainable machine learning. Specifically, complemented with generalized additive models, we fitted the ordinary least squares (OLS), a standard geographically weighted regression (GWR), and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) models to characterize the imbalanced distribution of stunting risk factors and uncover the nonlinear effect of significant predictors, explaining the height-for-age variations. The results reveal that 27% of the children measured were stunted, and that likelihood was found to be higher in the districts of Musanze, Gakenke, and Gicumbi. The local MGWR model outperformed the ordinary GWR and OLS, with coefficients of determination of 0.89, 0.84, and 0.25, respectively. At specific ranges, the study shows that height-for-age decreases with an increase in the number of days a child was left alone, elevation, and rainfall. In contrast, land surface temperature is positively associated with height-for-age. However, variables like the normalized difference vegetation index, slope, soil fertility, and urbanicity exhibited bell-shaped and U-shaped non-linear associations with the height-for-age prevalence. Identifying areas with the highest rates of stunting will help determine the most effective measures for reducing the burden of undernutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11372466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Anthropogenic Factors, Meteorological Factors, and Cause-Specific Emergency Department Admissions","authors":"Pranav Tewari,&nbsp;Baihui Xu,&nbsp;Ma Pei,&nbsp;Kelvin Bryan Tan,&nbsp;John Abisheganaden,&nbsp;Steve Hung-Lam Yim,&nbsp;Borame Lee Dickens,&nbsp;Jue Tao Lim","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001061","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GH001061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Unpredictable emergency department (ED) admissions challenge healthcare systems, causing resource allocation inefficiencies. This study analyses associations between air pollutants, meteorological factors, and 2,655,861 cause-specific ED admissions from 2014 to 2018 across 12 categories. Generalized additive models were used to assess non-linear associations for each exposure, yielding Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR), while the population attributable fraction (PAF) calculated each exposure's contribution to cause-specific ED admissions. IRRs revealed increased risks of ED admissions for respiratory infections (IRR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.11) and infectious and parasitic diseases (IRR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03–1.15) during increased rainfall (13.21–16.97 mm). Wind speeds &gt;12.73 km/hr corresponded to increased risks of ED admissions for respiratory infections (IRR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03–1.21) and oral diseases (IRR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.31–1.91). Higher concentrations of air pollutants were associated with elevated risks of cardiovascular disease (IRR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.05–1.27 for PM₁₀) and respiratory infection-related ED admissions (IRR: 2.78, 95% CI: 1.69–4.56 for CO). Wind speeds &gt;12.5 km/hr were predicted to contribute toward 10% of respiratory infection ED admissions, while mean temperatures &gt;28°C corresponded to increases in the PAF up to 5% for genitourinary disorders and digestive diseases. PM₁₀ concentrations &gt;60 μg/m³ were highly attributable toward cardiovascular disease (PAF: 10%), digestive disease (PAF: 15%) and musculoskeletal disease (PAF: 10%) ED admissions. CO concentrations &gt;0.6 ppm were highly attributable to respiratory infections (PAF: 20%) and diabetes mellitus (PAF: 20%) ED admissions. This study underscores protective effects of meteorological variables and deleterious impacts of air pollutant exposures across the ED admission categories considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergy of Urban Heat, Pollution, and Social Vulnerability in One of America's Most Rapidly Growing Cities: Houston, We Have a Problem","authors":"Andrew Blackford,&nbsp;Trent Cowan,&nbsp;Udaysankar Nair,&nbsp;Christopher Phillips,&nbsp;Aaron Kaulfus,&nbsp;Brian Freitag","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001079","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GH001079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During the first two decades of the twenty-first century, we analyze the expansion of urban land cover, urban heat island (UHI), and urban pollution island (UPI) in the Houston Metropolitan Area (HMA) using land cover classifications derived from Landsat and land/aerosol products from NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. Our approach involves both direct utilization and fusion with in situ observations for a comprehensive characterization. We also examined how social vulnerability within the HMA changed during the study period and whether the synergy of UHI, UPI, and social vulnerability enhances environmental inequalities. We found that urban land cover within the HMA increased by 1,345.09 km² and is accompanied by a 171.92 (73.93) % expansion of the daytime (nighttime) UHI. While the UPI experienced an overall reduction in particulate pollution, the magnitude of change is smaller compared to the surroundings. Further, the UPI showed localized enhancement in particulate pollution caused by increases in vehicular traffic. Our analysis found that the social vulnerability of the HMA urban regions increased during the study period. Overall, we found that the urban growth during the first two decades of the twenty-first century resulted in a synergy of UHI, UPI, and social vulnerability, causing an increase in environmental inequalities within the HMA.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11372823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic Variations in Urban-Rural Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Concentrations in the United States, 2010–2019","authors":"Daniel J. Kilpatrick,&nbsp;Peiyin Hung,&nbsp;Elizabeth Crouch,&nbsp;Stella Self,&nbsp;Jeremy Cothran,&nbsp;Dwayne E. Porter,&nbsp;Jan M. Eberth","doi":"10.1029/2023GH000920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GH000920","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5) is a widely studied pollutant with substantial health impacts, yet little is known about the urban-rural differences across the United States. Trends of PM_2.5 in urban and rural census tracts between 2010 and 2019 were assessed alongside sociodemographic characteristics including race/ethnicity, poverty, and age. For 2010, we identified 13,474 rural tracts and 59,065 urban tracts. In 2019, 13,462 were rural and 59,055 urban. Urban tracts had significantly higher PM_2.5 concentrations than rural tracts during this period. Levels of PM_2.5 were lower in rural tracts compared to urban and fell more rapidly in rural than urban. Rural tract annual means for 2010 and 2019 were 8.51 [2.24] μg/m³ and 6.41 [1.29] μg/m³, respectively. Urban tract annual means for 2010 and 2019 were 9.56 [2.04] μg/m³ and 7.51 [1.40] μg/m³, respectively. Rural and urban majority Black communities had significantly higher PM_2.5 pollution levels (10.19 [1.64] μg/m³ and 9.79 [1.10] μg/m³ respectively), in 2010. In 2019, they were: 7.75 [1.1] μg/m³ and 7.09 [0.78] μg/m³, respectively. Majority Hispanic communities had higher PM_2.5 levels and were the highest urban concentration among all races/ethnicities (8.01 [1.73] μg/m³), however they were not the highest rural concentration among all races/ethnicities (6.22 [1.60] μg/m³) in 2019. Associations with higher levels of PM_2.5 were found with communities in the poorest quartile and with higher proportions of residents age&lt;15 years old. These findings suggest greater protections for those disproportionately exposed to PM_2.5 are needed, such as, increasing the availability of low-cost air quality monitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023GH000920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Immediate and Lasting Impacts of COVID-19-Induced Isolation on Green Space Usage Patterns","authors":"Fengdi Ma","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001062","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GH001062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly influenced urban lifestyles, particularly the utilization of green spaces. While existing studies have primarily focused on the immediate effects of COVID-19-induced isolation, less attention has been given to the enduring impacts on green space usage patterns. This study addresses this gap by conducting three comprehensive surveys in Dezhou, China—before, during, and after the first wave of social isolation (December 2019, March 2020, December 2020). These surveys assessed socioeconomic conditions, commuting habits, green space usage habits, and landscape preferences, specifically focusing on usage frequency, duration of stays, and activities undertaken. Using Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests and Spearman's rho correlations, we identified significant long-term changes, including an increase in the frequency of visits by previously infrequent users, a reduction in visit durations, and a rise in high-intensity activities. These trends persisted 9 months post-isolation, highlighting the pandemic's lasting impact on green space usage and its critical role in enhancing public health and pandemic preparedness through thoughtful urban environmental design. This study not only sheds light on behavioral adaptations during a public health crisis but also offers evidence-based strategies for urban planning to bolster societal resilience in the face of future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances From Electronic Waste Disassembly Areas and Steroid Hormones in Human Milk Samples","authors":"Qiyao Li,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Chen Chen,&nbsp;Jianlin Lou,&nbsp;Shenghang Wang,&nbsp;Jin Guo Hang,&nbsp;Shoji F. Nakayama,&nbsp;Teruhiko Kido,&nbsp;Hao Feng,&nbsp;Xian Liang Sun,&nbsp;Jiancong Shan","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001142","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GH001142","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are long-lasting environmental contaminants that are released into the environment during the e-waste disassembly process, pose a threat to human health. Human milk is a complex and dynamic mixture of endogenous and exogenous substances, including steroid hormones and PFAS. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the association between PFAS and steroid hormones in human milk from women living close to an e-waste disassembly area. In 2021, we collected milk samples from 150 mothers within 4 weeks of delivery and analyzed them via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to determine the levels of 21 perfluorinated compounds and five steroid hormones (estrone, estriol, testosterone, progesterone, and androstenedione [A-dione]). We also performed multiple linear regression analysis to clarify the association between maternal PFAS exposure and steroid hormone concentrations. Our results indicated that PFOA and PFOS were positively associated with estrone (<i>β</i>, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.08–0.39) and A-dione (<i>β</i>, 0.186; 95% CI, 0.016–0.357) concentrations in human milk, respectively. Further, the average estimated daily intake of PFOA and PFOS were 36.5 ng/kg bw/day (range, 0.52–291.7 ng/kg bw/day) and 5.21 ng/kg bw/day (range, 0.26–32.3 ng/kg bw/day), respectively. Of concern, the PFAS intake of breastfeeding infants in the study area was higher than the recommended threshold. These findings suggested that prenatal exposure to PFAS from the e-waste disassembly process can influence steroid hormones levels in human milk. Increased efforts to mitigate mother and infant exposure to environmental pollutants are also required.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11339319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}